Appendix
Appendix Table 1: Proportion of Metformin Patients in Cardiovascular Outcomes Trials (CVOTs)Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (CVOT)Proportion of Metformin UsersEmpagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes (EMPA-REG OUTCOME) 173.80%Evaluation of Ertugliflozin EffIcacy and Safety CardioVascular Outcomes (VERTIS-CV) 276.30%Canagliflozin Cardiovascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) 377.20%Dapagliflozin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes (DECLARE–TIMI 58) 4NA[1] B. Zinman et al., “Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 373, no. 22, pp. 2117–28, 2015, doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1504720.[2] C. P. Cannon et al., “Design and baseline characteristics of the eValuation of ERTugliflozin effIcacy and Safety CardioVascular outcomes trial (VERTIS-CV),” Am. Heart J., vol. 206, pp. 11–23, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2018.08.016.[3] B. Neal et al., “Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 377, no. 7, pp. 644–57, 2017, doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1611925.[4] S. D. Wiviott et al., “Dapagliflozin and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 380, no. 4, pp. 347–57, 2019, doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1812389.Table 2: Other medicationsGeneric NameProduct NameClassESMOLOL HCLESMOLOL HCLBETA BLOCKERLABETALOL HCLNORMODYNEBETA BLOCKERTIMOLOL MALEATEBLOCADRENBETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCLSOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDEBETA BLOCKERLABETALOL HCLLABETALOL HCLBETA BLOCKERBISOPROLOL FUMARATEZEBETABETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROPRANOLOL HCL ERBETA BLOCKERPINDOLOLPINDOLOLBETA BLOCKERATENOLOLTENORMINBETA BLOCKERESMOLOL HCLBREVIBLOCBETA BLOCKERCARVEDILOLCOREGBETA BLOCKERTIMOLOL MALEATETIMOLOL MALEATEBETA BLOCKERMETOPROLOL SUCCINATETOPROL XLBETA BLOCKERESMOLOL HCL-SODIUM CHLORIDEBREVIBLOCBETA BLOCKERPENBUTOLOL SULFATELEVATOLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLDULOXETINE HCLBETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCLSOTALOL HCLBETA BLOCKERCARVEDILOL & DIETARY MANAGEMENT PRODUCTHYPERTENEVIDE-12.5BETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCL (AFIB/AFL)SOTALOL HCL (AF)BETA BLOCKERBETAXOLOL HCLKERLONEBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLMETFORMIN HCLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROPRANOLOL HCL CRBETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCLSORINEBETA BLOCKERCARVEDILOLCARVEDILOLBETA BLOCKERMETOPROLOL SUCCINATEMETOPROLOL SUCCINATE ERBETA BLOCKERPINDOLOLVISKENBETA BLOCKERACEBUTOLOL HCLSECTRALBETA BLOCKERATENOLOLATENOLOLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCL SUSTAINED-RELEASE BEADSINNOPRAN XLBETA BLOCKERBISOPROLOL FUMARATEBISOPROLOL FUMARATEBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROPRANOLOL HCL INTENSOLBETA BLOCKERCARVEDILOL PHOSPHATECOREG CRBETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCLBETAPACEBETA BLOCKERATENOLOLSENORMINBETA BLOCKERMETOPROLOL TARTRATEMETOPROLOL TARTRATEBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLTHSC PROPRANOLOL HCLBETA BLOCKERMETOPROLOL TARTRATELOPRESSORBETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCL (AFIB/AFL)BETAPACE AFBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCL SUSTAINED-RELEASE BEADSINDERAL XLBETA BLOCKERLABETALOL HCLTRANDATEBETA BLOCKERNADOLOLNADOLOLBETA BLOCKERLABETALOL HCLTRANDATE IVBETA BLOCKERMETOPROLOL TARTRATEURSODIOLBETA BLOCKERSOTALOL HCLSOTYLIZEBETA BLOCKERCARTEOLOL HCLCARTROLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROCARDBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROPRANOLOL HCL LABETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLINDERALBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROPRANOLOL HCLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLHEMANGEOLBETA BLOCKERBETAXOLOL HCLBETAXOLOL HCLBETA BLOCKERATENOLOLTHSC ATENOLOLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPRONOLBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLPROPRANOLOL HCL SABETA BLOCKERACEBUTOLOL HCLACEBUTOLOL HCLBETA BLOCKERNADOLOLCORGARDBETA BLOCKERPROPRANOLOL HCLINDERAL LABETA BLOCKERMETOPROLOL TARTRATETHSC METOPROLOL TARTRATEBETA BLOCKERNEBIVOLOL HCLBYSTOLICBETA BLOCKERIRBESARTANAVAPROARBTELMISARTANMICARDISARBEPROSARTAN MESYLATEEPROSARTAN MESYLATEARBLOSARTAN POTASSIUMLOSARTAN POTASSIUMARBIRBESARTANIRBESARTANARBTELMISARTANTELMISARTANARBVALSARTANDIOVANARBEPROSARTAN MESYLATETEVETENARBLOSARTAN POTASSIUMCOZAARARBCANDESARTAN CILEXETILATACANDARBOLMESARTAN MEDOXOMILBENICARARBAZILSARTAN MEDOXOMILEDARBIARBVALSARTANVALSARTANARBCANDESARTAN CILEXETILCANDESARTAN CILEXETILARBMOEXIPRIL HCLMOEXIPRIL HCLACEIENALAPRILATENALAPRILATACEIENALAPRIL MALEATEVASOTECACEIQUINAPRIL HCLACCUPRILACEIENALAPRIL MALEATEEPANEDACEIENALAPRIL MALEATEENALAPRIL MALEATEACEIFOSINOPRIL SODIUMFOSINOPRIL SODIUMACEITRANDOLAPRILTRANDOLAPRILACEILISINOPRILPRINIVILACEILISINOPRILLISINOPRILACEICAPTOPRILCAPTOPRILACEIQUINAPRIL HCLMELOXICAMACEIBENAZEPRIL HCLLOTENSINACEICAPTOPRILCAPOTENACEIBENAZEPRIL HCLBENAZEPRIL HCLACEILISINOPRILTHSC LISINOPRILACEITRANDOLAPRILMAVIKACEIFOSINOPRIL SODIUMMONOPRILACEIENALAPRILATVASOTEC IVACEIRAMIPRILALTACEACEIMOEXIPRIL HCLUNIVASCACEILISINOPRILZESTRILACEIRAMIPRILRAMIPRILACEICAPTOPRILTHSC CAPTOPRILACEIPERINDOPRIL ERBUMINEACEONACEIQUINAPRIL HCLQUINAPRIL HCLACEIPERINDOPRIL ERBUMINEPERINDOPRIL ERBUMINEACEICHLOROTHIAZIDE SODIUMCHLOROTHIAZIDE SODIUMDiureticANHYDRONDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEESIDRIXDiureticCHLORTHALIDONECHLORTHALIDONEDiureticBENZTHIAZIDEDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDEMONO-PRESSDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDRO-ZDiureticCHLOROTHIAZIDEDITHIREXDiureticBENDROFLUMETHIAZIDENATURETINDiureticCHLOROTHIAZIDE SODIUMSODIUM DIURILDiureticAQUATAGDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYCHLORDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEORETICDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEM-ZIDEDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDRO-PARDiureticMETOLAZONEMETOLAZONEDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDENAQUADiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDETHSC HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEDiureticCHLORTHALIDONEHYGROTONDiureticMETHYCLOTHIAZIDEMETHYCLOTHIAZIDEDiureticCHLORTHALIDONEHYDONEDiureticCHLOROTHIAZIDEDIURILDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDROMALDiureticCHLORTHALIDONETHALITONEDiureticHYDROFLUMETHIAZIDESALURONDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDELOQUADiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDORILDiureticPOLYTHIAZIDERENESEDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDETRICHLOREXDiureticCHLORTHALIDONEBIOGROTONDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDROREXDiureticINDAPAMIDEINDAPAMIDEDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDEDIURESEDiureticMETHYCLOTHIAZIDEAQUATENSENDiureticCHLOROTHIAZIDE SODIUMDIURIL IVDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDEMETAHYDRINDiureticMETOLAZONEDIULODiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDECAROZIDEDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDETRICHLORMETHIAZIDEDiureticHYDROMOXDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEZIDE-50DiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDRODIURILDiureticMETOLAZONEMYKROXDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEDIAQUADiureticEXNADiureticMETHYCLOTHIAZIDEENDURONDiureticCHLOROTHIAZIDEDIURIGENDiureticPROAQUADiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEMICROZIDEDiureticCHLOROTHIAZIDECHLOROTHIAZIDEDiureticHYDROFLUMETHIAZIDEHYDROFLUMETHIAZIDEDiureticINDAPAMIDELOZOLDiureticBENDROFLUMETHIAZIDEBENDROFLUMETHIAZIDEDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEHYDROCHLORULANDiureticMETOLAZONEZAROXOLYNDiureticHYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDEEZIDEDiureticTRICHLORMETHIAZIDESPENZIDEDiureticCHLORTHALIDONEAQUA-TABDiureticHYDROFLUMETHIAZIDEDIUCARDINDiureticBEPRIDIL HCLVASCORCCBDILTIAZEM HCL EXTENDED RELEASE BEADSDILTZACCCBISRADIPINEDYNACIRCCCBVERAPAMIL HCLCALAN IVCCBISRADIPINEDYNACIRC-CRCCBDILTIAZEM HCLCARDIZEM SRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL EXTENDED RELEASE BEADSDILTIAZEM HCLCCBNISOLDIPINESULARCCBNICARDIPINE HCLCARDENECCBVERAPAMIL HCLISOPTINCCBNIFEDIPINEADALATCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSCARTIA XTCCBNIFEDIPINENIFEDIPINECCBNICARDIPINE HCLCARDENE SRCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERAPAMIL HCL SACCBVERAPAMIL HCLISOPTIN IVCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERELANCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILT-CDCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSCARDIZEM LACCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILTIAZEM CDCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILTIAZEM HCLCCBNIFEDIPINEAFEDITAB CRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILTIAZEM HCL XTCCBVERAPAMIL HCLTHSC VERAPAMIL HCL CRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILTIAZEM HCL SRCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILTIAZEM HCL XRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL EXTENDED RELEASE BEADSDILTIAZEM HCL ERCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILACOR XRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILTIAZEM HCL ERCCBDILTIAZEM MALATETIAMATECCBNIFEDIPINENIFEDIPINE ERCCBPOSICORCCBDILTIAZEM HCLCARDIZEM MONOVIALCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILTIAZEM HCL ERCCBNIFEDIPINEADALAT CCCCBNIFEDIPINEPROCARDIA XLCCBVERAPAMIL HCLCALANCCBNIFEDIPINENIFEDIPINE CRCCBNISOLDIPINENISOLDIPINE ERCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSMATZIM LACCBAMLODIPINE BESYLATEAMLODIPINE BESYLATECCBDILTIAZEM HCLCARDIZEMCCBCLEVIDIPINE BUTYRATECLEVIPREXCCBNIFEDIPINENIFEDICAL XLCCBNICARDIPINE HCL IN DEXTROSECARDENE IVCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERAPAMIL HCL SRCCBNICARDIPINE HCL IN SODIUM CHLORIDECARDENE IVCCBVERAPAMIL HCLCALAN SRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILTIAZEM XRCCBNISOLDIPINENISOLDIPINECCBNIFEDIPINENIFEDIAC CCCCBFELODIPINEPLENDILCCBISRADIPINEISRADIPINECCBNIMODIPINENIMOTOPCCBFELODIPINEFELODIPINE ERCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILTIAZEM XRCCBVERAPAMIL HCLISOPTIN SRCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILTIA XTCCBNIMODIPINENYMALIZECCBVERAPAMIL HCLCOVERA-HSCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILT-XRCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSCARDIZEM CDCCBNIMODIPINENIMODIPINECCBNICARDIPINE HCLNICARDIPINE HCLCCBDILTIAZEM HCL EXTENDED RELEASE BEADSTAZTIA XTCCBAMLODIPINE & DIETARY MANAGEMENT PRODUCTHYPERTENIPINE-2.5CCBNIFEDIPINETHSC NIFEDIPINECCBNIFEDIPINEPROCARDIACCBNICARDIPINE HCLCARDENE I.BDILTIAZEM HCL IN DEXTROSEDILTIAZEM HCLCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERELAN PMCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERAPAMIL HCL ERCCBDILTIAZEM HCLDILTIAZEM HCL SRCCBISRADIPINEDYNACIRC CRCCBAMLODIPINE BESYLATENORVASCCCBDILTIAZEM HCL COATED BEADSDILTIAZEM HCL CDCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERAPAMIL HCL CRCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERELAN SR PELLET-FILLEDCCBDILTIAZEM HCL EXTENDED RELEASE BEADSTIAZACCCBVERAPAMIL HCLVERAPAMIL HCLCCBASPIRINASPIRINASPIRINTable 3 : Diagnosis codes CVDDiagnosis codesDescription430Subarachnoid hemorrhage431Intracerebral hemorrhage433.01Occlusion And Stenosis Of Basilar Artery With Cerebral Infarction433.11Occlusion and stenosis of carotid artery with cerebral infarction433.21Occlusion and stenosis of vertebral artery with cerebral infarction433.31Occlusion and stenosis of multiple and bilateral precerebral arteries with cerebral infarction433.81Occlusion and stenosis of other specified precerebral artery with cerebral infarction433.91Occlusion and stenosis of unspecified precerebral artery with cerebral infarction434.01Cerebral thrombosis with cerebral infarction434.11Cerebral embolism with cerebral infarction434.91Cerebral artery occlusion, unspecified with cerebral infarction.436Acute, but ill-defined, cerebrovascular disease437.1Other generalized ischemic cerebrovascular disease410.00Acute myocardial infarction410.01Acute myocardial infarction of anterolateral wall, initial episode of care410.02Acute myocardial infarction of anterolateral wall, subsequent episode of care410.10Acute myocardial infarction of other anterior wall, episode of care unspecified410.11Acute myocardial infarction of other anterior wall, initial episode of care410.12Acute myocardial infarction of other anterior wall, subsequent episode of care410.20Acute myocardial infarction of inferolateral wall, episode of care unspecified410.21Acute myocardial infarction of inferolateral wall, initial episode of care410.22Acute myocardial infarction of inferolateral wall, subsequent episode of care410.30Acute myocardial infarction of inferoposterior wall, episode of care unspecified410.31Acute myocardial infarction of inferoposterior wall, initial episode of care410.32Acute myocardial infarction of inferoposterior wall, subsequent episode of care410.40Acute myocardial infarction of other inferior wall, episode of care unspecified410.41Acute myocardial infarction of other inferior wall, initial episode of care410.42Acute myocardial infarction of other inferior wall, subsequent episode of care410.5Acute myocardial infarction of other lateral wall410.51Acute myocardial infarction of other lateral wall, initial episode of care410.52Acute myocardial infarction of other lateral wall, subsequent episode of care410.6True posterior wall infarction410.61True posterior wall infarction initial episode of care410.62True posterior wall infarction, subsequent episode of care410.7Subendocardial infarction410.71Subendocardial infarction, initial episode of care410.72Subendocardial infarction, subsequent episode of care410.8Acute myocardial infarction of other specified sites410.81Acute myocardial infarction of other specified sites, initial episode of care410.82Acute myocardial infarction of other specified sites, subsequent episode of care410.9Acute myocardial infarction of unspecified site410.91Acute myocardial infarction of unspecified site, initial episode of care410.92Acute myocardial infarction of unspecified site, subsequent episode of care411.89Other acute and subacute forms of ischemic heart disease412Old myocardial infarction414.00Other forms of chronic ischemic heart disease414.01Coronary atherosclerosis of native coronary artery414.02Coronary atherosclerosis of autologous vein bypass graft414.04Coronary atherosclerosis of artery bypass graft414.05Coronary atherosclerosis of unspecified bypass graft414.06Coronary atherosclerosis of native coronary artery of transplanted heart414.07Coronary atherosclerosis of bypass graft (artery) (vein) of transplanted heartV45.81Aortocoronary bypass statusV45.82Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty status440.21Atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities with intermittent claudication440.22Atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities with rest pain440.23Atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities with ulceration440.24Atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities with gangrene440.30Other atherosclerosis of unspecified type of bypass graft(s) of the extremities, unspecified extremity440.31Atherosclerosis of autologous vein bypass graft of the extremities440.32Atherosclerosis of nonautologous biological bypass graft of the extremities440.4Chronic total occlusion of artery of the extremities443.24Dissection of vertebral artery443.89Other specified peripheral vascular diseases443.9Peripheral vascular disease, unspecified429.2Cardiovascular disease, unspecified413.9Other and unspecified angina pectorisICD-10DescriptionI60.9Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, unspecifiedI61.9Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage, unspecifiedI63.22Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of basilar arteriesI63.139Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified carotid arteryI63.239Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified carotid arteriesI63.019Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified vertebral arteryI63.119Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified vertebral arteryI63.219Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified vertebral arteriesI63.59Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of other cerebral arteryI63.20Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified precerebral arteriesI63.30Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of unspecified cerebral arteryI63.40Cerebral infarction due to embolism of unspecified cerebral arteryI63.50Cerebral infarction due to unspecified occlusion or stenosis of unspecified cerebral arteryI67.89Other cerebrovascular diseaseI67.81Acute cerebrovascular insufficiencyI67.82Cerebral ischemiaI21.09ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving other coronary artery of anterior wallI21.19ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving other coronary artery of inferior wallI21.11ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving right coronary arteryI21.29ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction involving other sitesI21.4Non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarctionI21.3ST elevation (STEMI) myocardial infarction of unspecified siteI24.8Other forms of acute ischemic heart diseaseI25.2Old myocardial infarctionI25.10Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectorisI25.810Atherosclerosis of coronary artery bypass graft(s) without angina pectorisI25.811Atherosclerosis of native coronary artery of transplanted heart without angina pectorisI25.812Atherosclerosis of bypass graft of coronary artery of transplanted heart without angina pectorisI25.5Ischemic cardiomyopathyI25.894Other forms of chronic ischemic heart diseaseI25.9Chronic ischemic heart disease, unspecifiedZ95.1Presence of aortocoronary bypass graftZ98.61Coronary angioplasty statusI70.219Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with intermittent claudication, unspecified extremityI70.25Atherosclerosis of native arteries of other extremities with ulcerationI70.269Atherosclerosis of native arteries of extremities with gangrene, unspecified extremityI70.399Other atherosclerosis of unspecified type of bypass graft(s) of the extremities, unspecified extremityI70.499Other atherosclerosis of autologous vein bypass graft(s) of the extremities, unspecified extremityI70.599Other atherosclerosis of nonautologous biological bypass graft(s) of the extremities, unspecified extremityI70.92Chronic total occlusion of artery of the extremitiesI77.74Dissection of vertebral arteryI73.89Other specified peripheral vascular diseasesI73.9Peripheral vascular disease, unspecifiedI25.10Atherosclerotic heart disease of native coronary artery without angina pectorisI20.9Angina pectoris, unspecified CKDICD-9Description403Hypertensive chronic kidney disease404Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney disease582Chronic glomerulonephritis583.0Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with lesion of proliferative glomerulonephritis583.1Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with lesion of membranous glomerulonephritis583.2Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with lesion of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis583.4Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with lesion of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis583.6Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with lesion of renal cortical necrosis583.7Nephritis and nephropathy, not specified as acute or chronic, with lesion of renal medullary necrosis585Chronic kidney disease (ckd)586Renal failure, unspecified588.0Renal osteodystrophyV42.0Kidney replaced by transplantV45.1Postsurgical renal dialysis statusV56Encounter for dialysis and dialysis catheter care250.4Diabetes with renal manifestations585.9chronic kidney disease, unspecifiedICD-10DescriptionI12Hypertensive chronic kidney diaseaseI13Hypertensive heart and chronic kidney diseaseN03.2Chronic nephritic syndrome with diffuse membranous glomerulonephritisN05.9Unspecified nephritic syndrome with unspecified morphologic changesN05.2Unspecified nephritic syndrome with diffuse membranous glomerulonephritisN05.5Unspecified nephritic syndrome with diffuse mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritisN17.1Acute kidney failure with acute cortical necrosisN17.2Acute kidney failure with medullary necrosisN18.xxChronic kidney disease (CKD)N19Unspecified kidney failureN25.0Renal osteodystrophyZ94.0Kidney transplant statusZ99.2Dependence on renal dialysisZ49.01Encounter for fitting and adjustment of extracorporeal dialysis catheterE11.29Type 2 diabetes mellitus with other diabetic kidney complicationN17.0Acute kidney failure with tubular necrosisN17.8Other acute kidney failureN17.9Acute kidney failure, unspecifiedNicotine dependencyICD-9Description305.10Tobacco use disorderICD-10DescriptionF17.200Nicotine dependence, unspecified, uncomplicatedF17.208Nicotine dependence, unspecified, with other nicotine-induced disordersF17.209Nicotine dependence, unspecified, with unspecified nicotine-induced disordersF17.210Nicotine dependence, cigarettes, uncomplicatedF17.211Nicotine dependence, cigarettes, in remissionF17.218Nicotine dependence, cigarettes, with other nicotine-induced disordersF17.219Nicotine?dependence, cigarettes, with unspecified?nicotine-induced disorderAlcohol dependencyICD-9Description291.00Alcohol withdrawal delirium291.10Alcohol-induced persisting amnestic disorder291.2Alcohol-induced persisting dementia291.3Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations291.4Idiosyncratic alcohol intoxication291.50Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with delusions291.80Other specified alcohol-induced mental disorders291.81Alcohol withdrawal291.82Alcohol-induced sleep disorders291.89Other alcohol-induced disorders291.9Unspecified alcohol-induced mental disorders303.00–303.03Acute alcohol intoxication303.90–303.93Other and unspecified alcohol dependence305.00–305.03Alcohol abuseICD-10DescriptionF10.XXAlcohol related disordersHypoglycemiaICD-9Description251.0Hypoglycemic coma251.1Other specified hypoglycemia251.2Hypoglycemia, unspecified250.8Diabetes with other specified manifestationsICD-10DescriptionE15Nondiabetic hypoglycemic comaE16.0Drug-induced hypoglycemia without comaE16.1Other hypoglycemiaE16.2Hypoglycemia, unspecifiedE11.69Type 2 diabetes mellitus with other specified complicationLiver diseaseICD-9Description571.xChronic liver disease and cirrhosis572.xLiver abscess and sequelae of chronic liver diseaseICD-10DescriptionK70-K77Disease of liverTable 4: Baseline chrateristics Baseline characteristics : Target HbA1c ≥7%OutcomeStratificationOverall (N=2392)With eCVD/CKD (N=672)Without eCVD & CKD (N=1720)P-valueN%N%N%SexMale126953.0540059.5286950.52<.0001Female112146.8627140.3385049.42AGE_CategoryAge<65 years182176.1340259.82141982.5<.000165 years<Age<75 years47319.7720430.3626915.64Age≥75 years984.10669.82321.86EthnicityAsian502.09101.49402.320.0609African American34714.518712.9426015.12American Indian261.0981.19181.05Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander80.3310.1570.41Unknown2098.74456.701649.53White175273.2452177.53123171.57Baseline characteristics : Target HbA1c ≥7.5%OutcomeStratificationOverall (N=1803)With eCVD/CKD (N=512)Without eCVD & CKD (N=1291)P-ValueN%N%N%SexMale96253.3530860.1665450.660.0003Female84046.5920339.6563749.34AGE_CategoryAge<65 years139277.2031160.74108183.73<.000165 years<Age<75 years34218.9715329.8818914.64Age≥75 years693.83489.38211.63EthnicityAsian351.9461.17292.250.0113African American27615.317013.6720615.96American Indian201.1181.56120.93Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander80.4410.1970.53Unknown1608.87295.6713110.15White130472.3339877.7490670.18Target HbA1c ≥8%OutcomeStratificationOverall (N=1315)With eCVD/CKD(N=357)Without eCVD & CKD (N=958)P- ValueN%N%N%SexMale69452.7720356.8649151.250.0462Female62047.1515342.8646748.75AGE_CategoryAge<65 years104479.3922563.0381985.49<.000165 years<Age<75 years22817.3410228.5712613.15Age≥75 years433.27308.4131.36EthnicityAsian221.6730.84191.980.0053African American22016.735715.9716317.01American Indian130.9971.9660.63Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander60.4600.0060.63Unknown1138.59195.32949.81White94171.5627175.9167069.94Baseline characteristics comparing CVD vs no CVD and CKD vs no CKDBaseline CharacteristicsWith CKD (N=587)Without CKD (N=2904)P-ValueWith CVD(N=532)Without CVD(N=2959)P- ValueAGENumber of patients missing00<.000100<.0001Mean (std)61.51 (9.91)55.47 (10.72)63.29 (8.70)55.26 (10.72)Median62.0056.0063.0056.00Q1, Q356, 6848, 6358, 6948, 63Min, Max22, 8019, 8028, 8019, 80AGE_CategoryNumber of patients missing00<.000100<.0001Age<65 years (N,%)350 (59.62)2312 (79.61)303 (56.95)2359 (79.72)65 years<Age<75 years (N,%)185 (31.52)509 (17.53)166 (31.20)528 (17.84)Age≥75 years (N,%)52 (8.86)83 (2.86)63 (11.84)72 (2.43)SexNumber of patients missing000.460800<.0001Male (N,%)291 (49.57)1363 (46.94)370 (69.55)1466 (49.54)Female (N,%)295 (50.25)1540 (53.03)161 (30.26)1492 (50.43)EthnicityNumber of patients missing000.827900<.0001Asian (N,%)9 (1.53)61 (2.10)8 (1.5)62 (2.10)African American (N,%)83 (14.14)396 (13.64)41 (7.71)438 (14.8)American Indian (N,%)5 (0.85)30 (1.03)8 (1.5)27 (0.91)Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (N,%)1 (0.17)8 (0.28)09 (0.3)Unknown (N,%)44 (7.50)251 (8.64)33 (6.20)262 (8.85)White (N,%)445 (75.81)2158 (74.31)442 (83.08)2161 (73.03)HbA1cNumber of patients missing000.067000.7022Mean (std)7.74 (1.59)7.88 (1.62)7.83 (1.47)7.85 (1.64)Median7.407.507.607.50Q1, Q36.70, 8.406.8, 8.66.8, 8.56.7, 8.6Min, Max5.10, 14.804.8, 17.24.9, 14.34.8, 17.2HbA1c CategoriesNumber of patients missing000.2061000.1315A1C: 0-<7 (N,%)202 (34.41)897 (30.88)157 (29.51)942 (31.84)A1C: 7-<8 (N,%)185 (31.52)892 (30.72)171 (32.14)906 (30.62)A1C: 8-<9 (N,%)95 (16.18)545 (18.77)113 (21.24)527 (17.81)A1C: 9+ (N,%)105 (17.89)570 (19.63)91 (17.11)584 (19.74)Nicotine Dependency and Alcohol Use DisorderNicotine Dependency (N,%)78 (13.29)384 (13.22)0.9663110 (20.68)352 (11.9)<.0001Alcohol Use Disorder (N,%)4 (0.01)20 (0.01)0.98453 (0.56)21 (0.71)0.7079eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)Number of patients missing22317<.000143296<.0001Mean (std)65.28 (22.52)92.49 (22.58)79.95 (23.02)89.02 (24.94)Median58.0088.5777.9387Q1, Q351, 7676.48, 10464.6, 91.972.90, 103Min, Max22, 17360, 40222, 200.828, 402eGFR CategoriesNumber of patients missing22317<.000143296<.0001eGFR:00-15 (N,%)0 (0.00)0 (0.00)0 (0.00)0 (0.00)eGFR:15-29 (N,%)3 (0.53)0 (0.00)2 (0.41)1 (0.04)eGFR:30-44 (N,%)51 (9.03)0 (0.00)12 (2.45)39 (1.46)eGFR:45-59 (N,%)277 (49.02)0 (0.00)69 (14.11)208 (7.81)eGFR:60-89 (N,%)151 (26.73)1352 (52.26)266 (54.4)1237 (46.45)eGFR:90+ (N,%)83 (14.69)1235 (47.74)140 (28.63)1178 (44.24)BMI (kg/m2)Number of patients missing317<.00012180.0074Mean (std)34.07 (6.68)35 (7.67)34.04 (7.29)34.99 (7.55)Median33.3233.8732.9833.92Q1, Q329.36, 37.9129.70, 38.8628.96, 37.4529.78, 38.85Min, Max18.96, 62.8014.21, 78.9514.79, 67.5314.21, 78.95Blood pressure- Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) (SBP)Number of patients missing090.055270.1297Mean (std)128.95 (16.74)127.52 (15.10)128.69 (16.04)127.59 (15.27)Median126.00126.00128.00126.00Q1, Q3118.00, 138.00118.00, 136.00118, 138118, 136Min, Max90.00, 108.001, 201.0090, 2041, 208Blood pressure- Diastolic Bood Pressure (mmHg) (DBP)Number of patients missing090.008327<.0001Mean (std)76.56 (10.32)77.78 (9.61)75.25 (9.37)77.99 (9.75)Median78.0078.0076.0078.00Q1, Q370.00, 82.0072.00, 83.0070, 8072, 84Min, Max40.00, 115.001.00, 138.0048, 1051, 138Lipids- LDL-c (mg/dl)Number of patients missing138728<.0001129737<.0001Mean (std)84.74 (35.10)92.44 (36.12)80.41 (37.21)93.06 (35.51)Median81.0089.0074.5089.00Q1, Q359.00, 107.0068.00, 114.0057, 10069, 115Min, Max9.00, 216.000.50, 265.2010, 2260.5, 265.2Lipids-HDL-c (mg/dl)Number of patients missing924820.803982492<.0001Mean (std)43.88 (12.48)44.03 (12.21)41.03 (11.26)44.55 (12.35)Median42.0042.0039.0043.00Q1, Q334.00, 51.0036.00, 51.0033, 4736, 52Min, Max13.00, 88.4014.00, 14716, 8613, 147Lipids- TG (mg/dl)Number of patients missing664150.0367634180.9579Mean (std)234.66 (280.46)207.55 (204.07)212.62 (159.10)212.17 (228.82)Median178.00160.00170.00161.00Q1, Q3119.00, 263.00114.00, 239.00117, 245115, 243Min, Max44.00, 4391.0033.00, 5230.0044, 134233, 5230HypoglycemiaN, %20 (3.41)39 (1.34)0.00049 (1.69)50 (1.69)0.9974ComorbiditiesRetinopathy (N,%)7 (1.19)22 (0.76)0.28976 (20.69)23 (0.78)0.41Neuropathy (N,%)48 (8.18)197 (6.78)0.228157 (10.71)188 (6.35)0.0003Hypertension (N,%)199 (33.90)845 (29.10)0.0204168 (31.58)880 (29.74)0.6141Liver Disease (N,%)8 (1.36)39 (1.34)0.96969 (1.69)38 (1.28)0.4527Hyperlipidemia (N,%)187 (31.85)1082 (37.26)0.0131149 (28.01)1120 (37.85)<0.0001Overweight/Obesity (N,%)555 (94.55)2740 (94.35)0.8508496 (93.23)2799 (94.59)0.2097Cardiovascular Disease (N,%)132 (22.49)400 (13.77)-532 (100)0.00 (0.00)-Chronic Kidney Disease (N,%)587 (100)0.00 (0.00)-132 (24.81)455 (15.38)-CCI CategoryNumber of patients missing00<.000100<.0001CCI Score = 03 (0.51)14 (0.48)1 (0.19)16 (0.54)CCI Score = 1 or 2295 (50.26)2447 (84.26)301 (56.58)2441 (82.49)CCI Score ≥ 3289 (49.23)443 (15.25)230 (43.23)502 (16.97)CCINumber of patients missing00<.000100<.0001Mean (std)2.67 (1.76)1.60 (1.06)2.71 (1.75)1.61 (1.08)Median2.001.002.001Q1, Q31.00, 4.001.00, 2.001, 41, 2Min, Max0.00, 11.000.00, 12.000, 120, 11DCSINumber of patients missing00<.000100<.0001Mean (std)0.68 (1.28)0.22 (0.72)0.82 (1.36)0.20 (0.69)Median0.000.000.000.00Q1, Q30.00, 1.000.00, 0.000, 10.00, 0.00Min, Max0.00, 7.000.00, 7.000, 70, 7 ................
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