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, a standard protocol was followed5 with a few modifications. Overnight CuNPs treated and control bacterial cells were harvested and suspended in 100 µL TAE buffer (40mM Tris-acetate, pH 8.5, 2mM EDTA) and mixed thoroughly with 200 µL alkaline solution (3% w/v SDS, 0.6% w/v Trizma base and 6.4 mL 2(N) NaOH in 100mL H. 2 O). ................
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