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Virtual Photosynthesis Lab

Directions: Today you will be completing a virtual photosynthesis laboratory. As with any lab, it is important to follow instructions in order to obtain accurate data. This lab is no different. Read the instructions below, including both the “Read This” and “Do This” sections. Nearly all your questions should be answered by simply reading carefully. Good luck (

DO THIS FIRST!! IMPORTANT!! ( Save this document to your Google drive with the following title: First name_Lastname_PhotosynGizmo

After saving the document, go to . Select “Log In” (in the upper right hand corner) and use the username: tbaGIZMO and password: tbaGIZMO to log in, then click on Photosynthesis- Launch Gizmo. When you are there, put a “thumbs up” in the air so I know you have successfully read and completed these directions. I will check and then you can continue.

READ THIS

1. First, get familiar with the controls before doing a systematic investigation.

1. Control the plant's environment using the controls in the upper left corner of the gizmo. You can set the color of the light, the intensity of the light, and the amount of CO2 in the water.

2. The flow of oxygen from the plant is measured by the flow meter.

3. The righthand side of the gizmo helps you track your data. The “Table” and “Graph” tabs allow you to keep a record by clicking "Record Data" to make a note of the current oxygen flow and the environmental conditions that generated it. You can toggle back and forth between the Bar Chart, Table, or Graph as needed.

DO THIS

2. First, investigate the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

1. Select the white light option (the left tab on the left side of the gizmo) and set the CO2 level to 600ppm & temperature at 25°C. Clear all data in the data table.

2. Select a low level of intensityand record a data value. Increase the intensity slightly and take another data point. Continue taking more data until you have about 7-10 good data points ranging from 0 to 100.

3. Make sure you are on the “Table” tab for your data. Looking at just the intensity and O2 columns of data, can you see a trend? Explain the answer in complete sentences PLEASE. Type your answer using another non-black color of your choice, just make sure it’s easily readable! (aka don’t use pale yellow).

4. Insert a copy of your table here by clicking the little camera button in the top left corner of the gizmo. This will add your table to your computer’s clipboard. Then, beneath your answer to question #3, do Control + V or click “paste” to put your image into your document. If this doesn’t work, as for the teacher’s help.

5. Switch to the graph view, and select "Intensity" as your x-axis (options are on the bottom) so that you are looking at the plot of Oxygen Flow versus Intensity. Ignoring any bad data points, is there a trend apparent in this data? Explain the answer in complete sentences (make sure your font is the same color as above, legible but different than this black), and then insert a copy of the graph as you did previously with the table.

6. As more light shines on the plant, does the rate of photosynthesis increase or decrease? Explain your answer here in complete sentences:

7. Does the relationship seem linear (in other words, does it follow the trend of a line), quadratic (a smooth hill or valley), or some other shape? Explain here:

8. What effect does 100% light intensity have on oxygen production? Explain here:

3. Next, investigate the effect of CO2 level in the water on the rate of photosynthesis.

1. Set the light intensity to 80% and leave temperature at 25°C. Be sure white light is selected, clear your data, and start with a low value for the CO2 level. As before, take data points with increasing values of the CO2 level until you have recorded 7-10 data points. Then take a picture and insert the image here:

2. Examine your data in both table and graph view (be sure to select CO2 as your x-axis in graph view). Answer these questions:

a. Does photosynthesis increase or decrease as the CO2 level increases? Explain:

b. Is there a level at which the CO2 begins to hinder (get in the way of) the rate of photosynthesis? Explain:

4. Investigate the effect of the light's wavelength (color) on the rate of photosynthesis.

1. This time click on the “Color” tab. Set the light intensity to 80%, the CO2 level to 600ppm, clear any data in the graph/table. Set the wavelength to a low value (the blue side of the visible light spectrum). Start recording data values with increasing wavelengths until you have recorded 8-12 data points.

2. When you have finished, compare the graph view with the data view. Which one makes it easier to see a trend in the data? Whichever you choose, either table or graph, take a picture and insert it here:

3. Does the rate of photosynthesis depend on the wavelength of the light? Explain by looking at the data for blue (470 nm), green (550nm), and red light (670nm).

4. Does the relationship look linear, quadratic, or some other shape? Explain:

5. The extreme ends of the light spectrum (ultraviolet and infrared) tend to be harmful to living species. Answer these questions:

a. Is this shown in the rate of photosynthesis? Explain:

b. Is there another region on the graph where the oxygen production rate is rather low? Explain:

c. How does the color of the plant compare to the color of the light that caused the low oxygen production region?

5. Investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis.

1. Now go back to the white light. Set the light intensity to 80%, the CO2 level to 600ppm, clear your data, and select temperature for the x axis. Set the temperature to a low value (ideally zero). Start recording data values with increasing temperature until you have recorded 8-12 data points. Insert an image of the graph

2. Extreme temperature tend to be harmful to living species. Answer this question:

a. Is this shown in the rate of photosynthesis? Explain:

3. Since the plant appears green, we know that it reflects green light that strikes it and absorbs the other colors of light. If we shine a green light on a green plant, most of the light hitting the plant is reflected. Answer these questions:

a. Does this explain why green light causes a low rate of photosynthesis? Explain:

b. If your plant were blue, would you expect that green light would have the same effect? Explain:

c. What would a graph of oxygen production vs. wavelength look like for a blue plant? Explain:

Analysis Questions:

Review each section you just completed to answer the following questions:

1. What is the relationship between light intensity and the rate of photosynthesis?

2. What is the relationship between CO2 level in the water and the rate of photosynthesis?

3. What is the relationship between the light's wavelength (color) and the rate of photosynthesis?

4. What is the relationship between temperature and the rate of photosynthesis?

Assessment Questions

Directions: Circle the correct answer.

1. The graph below shows how light intensity affects oxygen production for an underwater plant. According to the graph, what light intensity is optimal for photosynthesis?

[pic]

A. 40%

B. 60%

C. 80%

D. 100%

2. Suppose a farmer decides to build a greenhouse using green-tinted glass instead of clear glass. Why is this a bad idea?

A. Photosynthesis will occur at a much slower rate because green light is reflected by plants rather than absorbed.

B. The green-tinted glass will trap too much heat, causing the plants to wilt and die.

C. The green part of the spectrum of sunlight will not be transmitted through the glass panes, causing the plants to miss this important source of light energy.

D. The green light will trigger overproduction of CO2 by the plants, slowing the rate of photosynthesis.

3. Based on what you have observed in this Gizmo, which of the following chemical equations represents photosynthesis?

A. Oxygen plus carbon dioxide yields water and glucose (sugar).

B. Glucose plus oxygen yields carbon dioxide and water.

C. Glucose plus water yields oxygen and carbon dioxide.

D. Carbon dioxide plus water yields glucose and oxygen.

4. A scientist wants to determine the best light wavelength for growing plants. He grows plants in four groups as shown on the table below. What, if anything, is wrong with his experiment?

[pic]

A. He should only grow one or two plants in each sample to obtain consistent results.

B. He should only change the wavelength of light for each group.

C. He should add a control group with a CO2 level of zero and a light intensity of zero percent.

D. There is nothing wrong with the experiment.

5. In the last 100 years, the levels of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere have risen due to the burning of fossil fuels and the clearing of forests. What effect will the increased concentration of atmospheric CO2 have on photosynthesis?

A. Rates of photosynthesis will decrease because there is too much CO2 in the atmosphere.

B. Rates of photosynthesis will decrease because not enough oxygen is available to plants.

C. Rates of photosynthesis will increase because CO2 is a necessary ingredient for photosynthesis.

D. Rates of photosynthesis will stay the same because CO2 levels have no effect

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6. Which of the following can be used to measure the rate of photosynthesis?

A. light intensity (%)

B. oxygen production (mL/hr)

C. temperature

D. CO2 level

7. You are a greenhouse manager. Your greenhouse currently has 40% light intensity and a 3% concentration of CO2. Which of the following actions will increase the rate of photosynthesis for the plants in your greenhouse?

A. decrease the CO2 level, decrease light intensity

B. increase the CO2 level, decrease light intensity

C. decrease the CO2 level, increase light intensity

D. increase the CO2 level, increase light intensity

8. In plants, the light-capturing pigment called chlorophyll is found in cell organelles called chloroplasts. What type of leaf would be best suited to thrive in low-light areas such as shady forests?

A. broad, flat leaves with a high density of chloroplasts

B. narrow leaves with a high density of chloroplasts

C. needle-like leaves with a low density of chloroplasts

D. thick, succulent leaves with a low density of chloroplasts

9. At which time of day do you think outdoor plants produce oxygen at the fastest rate?

A. sunrise

B. midday

C. sunset

D. midnight

10. If chlorophyll were red instead of green, making plants red in appearance, which color of light would you expect to produce the LOWEST rate of photosynthesis?

A. white light

B. blue light

C. red light

D. green light

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11. Which of the test tubes shown below were most likely produced by a sprig of Elodea and a snail in the dark after 24 hours of incubation?

Note: #1 is blue, #2 is blue/green, #3 is green, and #4 is yellow.

[pic]

A. Test tube 1

B. Test tube 2

C. Test tube 3

D. Test tube 4

12. In a sealed tank is a large sprig of Elodea and a snail. The tank is kept for several weeks on a sunny window sill. Both the plant and snail live and appear to be healthy. Why does this happen?

A. The snail produces oxygen, and the plant produces carbon dioxide.

B. Both the snail and the plant produce oxygen.

C. The snail produces carbon dioxide, while the plant produces oxygen.

D. Both the snail and plant produce carbon dioxide.

13. What evidence indicates that plants can produce carbon dioxide through cellular respiration?

A. A test tube of bromothymol blue with a plant turns blue in light.

B. A test tube of bromothymol blue with two plants turns yellow in the dark.

C. A test tube of bromothymol blue with a plant and a snail in the dark turns yellow.

D. A test tube of bromothymol blue with a plant and a snail remains green in light.

14. A student has four snails, four sprigs of Elodea, eight test tubes of bromothymol blue, and two rooms (light and dark). The student wants to know what gases are produced by the snails and Elodea in light and dark conditions. Assuming the student only has time for one experiment, what setup will yield the most complete data?

[pic]

A. Experiment 1

B. Experiment 2

C. Experiment 3

D. Experiment 4

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