Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics

[Pages:1]1860 1870

Historical Timeline of Genetics and Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics

1859 - Darwin: "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection"

1865 - Mendel: "Experiment in Natural Hybridization of Plants" 1866 - Haeckel: Predicted hereditary materials was located in the nucleus 1871 - Miescher: Nucleic acids and proteins are nucleus chemicals

1880 1890

1878 - Flemming: Chromosomes observed and counted in cells 1883 - Van Beneden: Theory of chromosome behavior; meiosis

1882 - Weismann: Germline theory, Chromosomes transmit hereditary information

1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970

1900 - Correns, de Vries, von Tschermak: Rediscovery of Mendel's work 1902 - Sutton, Boveri: Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance; links chromosomes and Mendelian factors 1905 - Bateson, Punnett: Linkage of genes discovered 1908 - Hardy-Weinberg principle of genetic equilibrium 1910 - Morgan: linked Drosophilia eye color gene to X chromosome

1913 - Sturtevant: First genetic map published; Drosophila 1916 - Morgan: Formally named Mendel's two laws 1919 - Morgan: Number of chromosomes = number of linkage groups

1923 - Boycott, Diver: Maternal inheritance described 1925 - Sturtevant: Position e ect 1928 - Gri th: Phenotypic transformation of bacteria 1930 - Fisher: Genetical Theory of Natural Selection 1931 - Creightorn McClintock: Chromosomes exchange genetic material during recombination 1932 - Fisher: Modern Synthesis; Mendelian coupled with Darwinian theoy 1936 - Bridges: First cytogenetic map; Drosophila

1941 - Beadle, Tatum: One gene, one protein concept descrubed

1944 - Avery, MacLeod, McCarty: DNA is the genetic material

1948 - McClintock: Transposable elements (a class of repetitive DNA) described 1950 - Charga : Adenine=Thymine and Guanine=Cytosine in nuclei

1953 - Watson, Crick: Structure of DNA described 1956 - Kornberg: DNA polymerase discovered 1957 - Crick: Central Dogma of Molecular Biology concept introduced 1958 - Meselsohn, Stahl: Semi-conservative DNA replication described 1961 - Nirenberg: Each amino acid corresonds to a triplet tRNA code 1961 - Jacob and Monod, Lac-Operon concept 1966 - Nirenberg, Khorana: Genetic code completed 1968 - Kimura: Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution described 1970 - Baltimore, Temin: Reverse transcriptase discovered

Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics

Protein

Gene Expression

Phenotype

Translation

DNA

Replication

Transcripton

Reverse Transcripton

mRNA

RNA tRNA rRNA

Compiled by P. McClean

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