PDF Introduction to Molecular Biology - Bryn Mawr
Introduction to Molecular Biology
Part 2
DNA & RNA: Flow of Information
Replication Transcription
Translation
aka "The Central Dogma"!!
10/11/2012
2
DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is expressed in two steps
1. Transcription: RNA Synthesis
2. Translation: Protein Synthesis
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3
The Code Book
? DNA, RNA, and Proteins are examples of strings written in either the four-letter nucleotide of DNA and RNA (A C G T/U)
? or the twenty-letter amino acid of proteins. Each amino acid is coded by 3 nucleotides called codons
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4
DNA & RNA
? DNA = Deoxyribonucleic acid ? RNA = Ribonucleic acid ? They are almost the same... ? There is no T base in RNA ? A similar base U takes its place ? An oxygen atom is added to the sugar
component of RNA
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5
How Are Proteins Made?
DNA: TAC CGC GGC TAT TAC TGC CAG GAA GGA ACT ATG GCG CCG ATA ATG ACG GTC CTT CCT TGA
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6
How Are Proteins Made?
DNA: TAC CGC GGC TAT TAC TGC CAG GAA GGA ACT
10/11/2012
7
How Are Proteins Made?
DNA: TAC CGC GGC TAT TAC TGC CAG GAA GGA ACT RNA: AUG GCG CCG AUA AUG ACG GUC CUU CCU UGA
10/11/2012
8
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