Chapter 8: Lesson 1 Science Study Guide - Miss Frank's Class

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Chapter 8: Lesson 1 Science Study Guide

Facts to Know:

The crust is the outer layer of Earth. Landforms are solid features on Earth's crust. Earth's middle layer is the mantle. The innermost layer of the Earth is the core.

Vocabulary:

A valley is a low, narrow area. A plain is a large, mostly flat area. A coast is the land next to the ocean. A hill is a high place.

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Chapter 8: Lesson 2 Science Study Guide

Facts to Know:

A volcano is an opening in Earth's crust. The closer an earthquake is to a city, the more damage it causes there. Magma forms in the Earth's mantle. Magma collects underground in magma chambers. When lava cools, it becomes igneous rock. Earthquake vibrations travel as waves.

Vocabulary:

Magma is hot, melted rock under the ground. Lava is melted rock that has come out of a volcano.

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Chapter 8: Lesson 3 Science Study Guide

Facts to Know:

Landforms always change. In dry areas like deserts, wind causes most of the erosion. Plant's roots can cause weathering. A mudflow is caused by gravity. Rainwater causes soil loss by erosion. Freezing makes water expand and crack rocks.

Vocabulary:

Erosion is the movement of broken rocks and Earth materials. Weathering is any action that breaks rocks into smaller pieces.

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Chapter 8 Science Study Guide

1. A ( valley , plain ) is made when a river slowly cuts through rock.

2. The ( core , mantle ) can be found directly below the Earth's crust.

3. ( Rain fields.

, Wind

) carries soil away from hilly form

4. When igneous rock from a volcanic eruption cools, it forms a ( new mantle , new crust ).

5. A ( lake , stream ) forms when water slows enough to fill an area.

6. A ( thunderstorm , volcanic eruption ) is a force that can rapidly change the Earth's landscape.

7. ( Glaciers , Gravity ) causes a rockslide--the quick movement of rocks down a slope.

8. ( Flooding , Weathering ) is a force that causes rock to break into smaller and smaller pieces.

9. How does water break apart a rock?

10.How does erosion mainly occur in dry regions?

11. Explain how an earthquake can change Earth's surface.

12. Explain how the roots of a tree can cause weathering.

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