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Nombre: ________________________ Espa?ol 1 Capítulo 6: ?De Compras!La Ropa La ropaClothing el abrigo /la chamarra (Mex) winter coat ?La mezclilla / los bluejeans /los vaqueros ?jeans ?la blusa ?blouse ?la bolsa ?purse; bag ?la bota ?boot ?los calcetines (el calcetín) ?sock(s) ?la camisa ?shirt ?la camiseta ?/la playera (Mex)t-shirt ?la cartera ?wallet ?la chaqueta ?jacket ?el cinturón ?belt ?la corbata ?tie ?la falda ?skirt ?las gafas (de sol) ?(sun)glasses ?los guantes ?gloves ?el impermeable ?raincoat ?las medias ?pantyhose; stockings ?los pantalones ?pants ?los pantalones cortos ?shorts ?la ropa ?clothing; clothes ?la ropa interior ?underwear ?las sandalias ?sandals ?el sombrero ?hat ?el suéter ?sweater ?el traje ?suit ?el traje de ba?o ?bathing suit ?el vestido ?dress ?los zapatos de tenis ?tennis shoes, sneakers ?de tenis ?sneakers ?Para ir de comprasIr de compras ?Going shopping ?el almacén ?department store ?la caja ?cash register ?el centro comercial ?shopping mall ?el/la cliente/a ?customer ?el/la dependiente/a ?clerk ?el dinero ?money ?(en) efectivo ?cash ?La marcabrandel mercado (al aire libre) ?(open-air) market ?un par (de zapatos) ?a pair (of shoes) ?el precio (fijo) ?(fixed; set) price ?la rebaja ?sale ?el regalo ?gift ?la tarjeta de crédito ?credit card ?la tienda ?shop; store ?el/la vendedor(a) ?salesperson ?costar (o:ue) ?to cost ?gastar ?to spend (money) ?hacer juego (con) ?to match (with) ?llevar ?to wear; to take ?pagar ?to pay ?prestar ?to lend; to loan ?regatear ?to bargain ?usar ?to wear; to use ?vender ?to sell ?Los Verbos Nuevosconducir ?to drive ?conocer ?to know; to be acquainted with ?ofrecer ?to offer ?parecer ?to seem ?saber ?to know; to know how ?traducir ?to translate ?Adjetivos barato/a ?cheap ?bueno/a ?good ?cada ?each ?caro/a ?expensive ?corto/a ?short (in length) ?elegante ?elegant ?hermoso/a ?beautiful ?largo/a ?long ?loco/a ?crazy ?nuevo/a ?new ?otro/a ?other; another ?pobre ?poor ?rico/a ?rich ?Los coloresel color ?color ?amarillo/a ?yellow ?anaranjado/a ?orange ?azul ?blue ?blanco/a ?white ?gris ?gray ?marrón, café ?brown ?morado/a ?purple ?negro/a ?black ?rojo/a ?red ?rosado/a ?pink ?verde ?green ??Cuándo? / hints for the preteriteacabar de (+ inf.) ?to have just done something ?anoche ?last night ?anteayer ?/antier the day before yesterday ?ayer ?yesterday ?de repente ?suddenly ?desde ?from ?dos veces ?twice; two times ?hasta ?until ?pasado/a (adj.) ?last; past ?el a?o pasado ?last year ?la semana pasada ?last week ?una vez ?once; one time ?ya ?already ?Apuntes: (notes) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________GramáticaEl pretérito de los verbos regulares –ARWhen you want to talk about actions completed in the past, use the preterite tense. The preterite tense is ONE of the the past tenses in Spanish. To form the preterite of a regular –AR verb, you drop the -AR, then add the correct ending to the stem.Preterite endings for regular –AR verbs: Caminar: -é-amos-astex-ó-aron *-AR VERBS DO NOT STEM CHANGE IN THE PRETERITE!!When you use the preterite tense, here is what you are saying:Yo habléI talked, I did talk, I was talkingNosotros hablamosWe talked, we did talk, we were talkingTú hablasteYou talked, you did talk, you are talkingx?l hablóHe talked, he did talk, he was talkingEllos hablaronThey talked, they did talk, they were talking?l/ bailar _____________ Ustedes/cerrar _________________ Tú/descansar ______________?Practiquemos! Desayunar, yo ____________________Bailar, tú______________________Nadar, ellos ______________________Buscar, tú______________________Contestar, ellos______________________Contestar, ella______________________Dibujar, usted______________________Ense?ar, ellos______________________Estudiar, tú______________________Llegar, nosotros______________________Necesitar, yo______________________Practicar, ellos______________________Practicar, tú______________________Llevar, nosotros______________________Llevar, tú______________________Preguntar, ellos______________________Escribe en espa?ol. Remember, when there is a “did,” the question needs the past tense of the verb.)I swam ____________________________I sunbathed ____________________________They rode ____________________________Did you confirm? ____________________________They confirmed ____________________________We visited ____________________________He visited ____________________________I closed ____________________________Did they camp? ____________________________He did close ____________________________We found ____________________________You counted/told ____________________________They had lunch ____________________________You had lunch ____________________________He had breakfast ____________________________Did you have breakfast? They took (pics) ____________________________You took (pics) ____________________________We camped____________________________Did you camp? ____________________________I camped____________________________They worked ____________________________Did you travel? ____________________________-Car, -Gar, -Zar en el pretéritoThe preterite of verbs ending in –CAR, -GAR, -ZARRegular verbs that end in –car, -gar, -zar have a spelling change in the YO form of the preterite so that the sound of the verb stem remains the same.Remember:C-A-R to Q-U-E,G-A-R to G-U-E,Z-A-R to ----Cé!SacarC becomes “Q”Add a “u” and the preterite é ending (I took)Pagar (to pay)G remains “G”Add a “u” and the preterite é ending(I paid)empezarZ becomes “C”Just add the preterite é ending(I started)JugarG remains “G”Add a (I played)almorzarZ becomes “C”Just add (I ate lunch)buscar, yo __________________ practicar, yo _____________________cargar, yo _____________________comenzar, yo_____________________llegar, yo __________________Apuntes:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gramática:Regular –ER and –IR verbs get the same endings in the preterite!Preterite endings for regular –ER and –IR verbs: íimosistexióieron What are some similarities to AR verb endings? _________________________________________5029200101600Vivir00Vivir57150029845Comer00Comer Escribe la forma correcta en el pretérito. Recibir, yo _________________________Vivir, tú_________________________Aprender, ellas_________________________Correr, yo_________________________Decidir, yo_________________________Compartir, ella________________Aprender, usted _________________________Abrir, él_________________________Escribir, nosotros_ ____________________Vivir, ellos_________________________Aprender, yo ___________________Vender, usted ______________Escribe en espa?ol.I lived _________________________Did you live?_________ __________She received___________________________The students received _______________________We ate ____________________They shared_________________Did you eat________________________They did not open. ____________________He opened _________________________My friend didn’t write __________________________He ran__________________________They ran__________________________These verbs get “Y” in several forms of the preterite!Creer (to believe, to think)Leer (to read)creícreímoscreístecreyócreyeron2868930257175I heard_____________________You thought_____________________He read_____________________Did you believe? _____________________All of you heard _____________________We heard _____________________We read _____________________00I heard_____________________You thought_____________________He read_____________________Did you believe? _____________________All of you heard _____________________We heard _____________________We read _____________________Oír (to hear)DemostrativosDemonstrative adjectives describe where something is in location to you: they are a way of pointing something out. In English, they are “this, these, that, those.”Words used for when you are talking about things right here in front of you (aquí/acá)Words used for when you are talking about things there, not too far away (allí, ahí)Words used for when you are talking about things over there, pretty far away (allá, lejos)Masculine:Este / Estosthis book, these books = ?Masculine:Ese / EsosThat book, those books =Masculine:Aquel / AquellosThat book over there=?Those books over there = ?Feminine:Esta / EstasThis pen, these pens=?Feminine:Esa / EsasThat pen, those pens =Feminine:Aquella / AquellssThat pen over there=?Those pens over there = ?To help you:This and These have the “Ts”,That and Those Don’t.Este/aEse/aAquel(la)This coat (here) _____________________________That coat (there) ________________________________That coat (over there) _________________________________These coats (here) ________________________________These boots(here) ______________________________________Those boots (there) _________________________________Those boots (over there) ____________________________________These sandals (here) ____________________________________Escribe la forma correcta del demostrativo.___________camisa aquí ______________ blusas aquí_____________ cinturón ahí___________ impermeables allá__________________ pantalones aqui_________falda acá_____________ traje allí___________zapatos ahíDemonstrative pronouns take the place of nouns. They agree in gender and number with the noun they replace. They are REPLACING so you don’t use the noun again!(Talking about el libro) How much does this (one) cost? ?Cuánto cuesta éste?Notice that there is an accent on the pronoun version, not the adjective version!(talking about las plumas) Can I used those (ones)? ?Puedo usar ésas?Masculine:éste / éstosFeminine:ésta / éstasMasculine:ése / ésosFeminine:ésa / ésasMasculine:Aquél / AquéllosFeminine:Aquélla / aquéllasApuntes:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________-83820238125 SABER VS. CONOCERBoth mean “to know” but there is a huge difference! Both have weird yo forms.00 SABER VS. CONOCERBoth mean “to know” but there is a huge difference! Both have weird yo forms.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Yo séNosotrosTúX?l, ella, ustedEllos, ellas, ustedesYo conozcoNosotrosTúX?l, ella, ustedEllos, ellas, ustedes (Followed by “A” when knowing a person!)Use “conocer” when you are talking about _______________________________________________Use “saber” when you are talking about _____________________________________________________Hints with Conocer = ________ a+ person (Yo conozco a tu primo = I know your cousin)Hints with Saber = _________ que…. (Tú sabes que la tarea es difícil= You know THAT the HW is hard) =_______ verb in the infinitive form. (Mi amiga sabe preparar galletas = knows how to) First, decide if you should use Saber or Conocer by writing an S or a C in the space beside the number. Then, conjugate the verb correctly. Circle any hints to help you!____ Yo _______________ bailar.____ Mi maestro _________________________ a mi abuela.____ Ellos no___________________ a mi mejor amiga.____ ?__________________ tú el espa?ol?____ Yo no ____________________ a tu hermano.____ Tú y yo _____________________ a los tíos de Felipe.____ Mi familia no __________________ jugar al fútbol._____ Las chicas ___________________ que el libro es interesante. _____Yo _______________ mucha información. ______ Ustedes ________________ a mis primos._____Nosotros _______________ escribir en japonés. ______ Yo ___________________________ a tu maestra nueva. _________ Ustedes ________________________ bien Newcastle y Bellevue.____ ?Tú _________________ que la clase de ciencias es mi favorita!____ Nosotros _________________ que la maestra es baja._____ ? ____________________ (tú) el inglés? _____ No ____________(nosotros) la hora._________?_____________ tú dónde está la tienda nueva?__________ Yo quiero _______________ Cuba.____________ Ella _______________ preparar galletas ricas.___________ Yo _____________ la respuesta.___________ Ustedes ______________ mucha información.Escribe en espa?ol:I know your cousins. _______________________________________________________We know how to swim. ________________________________________________________Do you know the time (the hour)? ________________________________________________________I know that history is interesting. ____________________________________________________I know where you live. _______________________________________________________We know that the test is on Friday. _______________________________________________________________________________He knows my number. _______________________________________________________________________________Do you know how to dance bachata? ___________________________________________I don’t know NYC well. (I do not know well NYC). _______________________________________________________________________________The students know that Spanish is fun! _______________________________________________________________________________Indirect Object Pronouns (IOPs), Dar, and DecirIOPs: answer the questions “to whom? or “for whom?” about the verb. In English, this looks like “It’s Jack’s birthday, so I give him a present.”HIM is the IOP. It replaces “to Jack.” We already know who you are talking about so you don’t have to repeat.You use IOPs to replace or accompany the Indirect Object Nouns.Indirect objects receive an item. The item they receive is the direct object. 4791075130810look familiar? same as gusta pronouns!00look familiar? same as gusta pronouns!I buy gifts for my friends.GIFTS = Direct Object. Friends (receive the gift) Indirect Object.Me (to me)A míNos (to us)A (nosotros)Te (to you)A tixLe (to him, her, you f)A (person)Les (to them/all of you)A (several people)The IOPs that REPLACE or ACCOMPANY the indirect object nouns are:LES is the indirect object pronoun that takes the place of “A MIS AMIGOS.”Yo (les) compro regalos a mis amigos. (IOP) (DO) (IO)Like DOPS, IOPS are placed either :BEFORE THE CONJUGATED VERB or ATTACHED TO INFINITIVE/-NDO formsEl hombre le vende la ropa a Elena = The man sells the clothing to ElenaEl hombre le vende la ropa. = The man sells her the clothes. In A, the person receiving the clothing is Elena.In B, we already know we are talking about Elena, so you don’t have to repeat. You can just say, “to her,” which is “le.”The placement of the IOP is before the conjugated verb or attached to the infinitive. Práctica:These sentences are missing the IOP. Can you complete them to include the IOP?Ejemplo: El hombre escribe cartas a sus amigos.A sus amigos IOP = __________ Placement? Before the ________.Final product: ____________________________________________La mujer vende el suéter a las chicas = ____________________________________________________________Las chicas escriben las cartas a nosotros =_________________________________________________________El hombre vende las sandalias a mi abuelo= ____________________________________________________2 verbs, 2 ways!El vendedor va a vender las camisetas a las chicas _____________________________________________________________ OR ______________________________________________Mi amiga va a leer el libro al bebé _____________________________________________________________ OR ______________________________________________Voy a preparar las galletas a ti. _____________________________________________________________ OR ______________________________________________MANY times, you will use the verbs DAR and DECIR with IOPs.Digo Dice DAR(to give)DECIR (to say/to tell)DoyCorrect these sentences to include the IOP.Mis padres dan la tarjeta de crédito a mí. _______________________________________________________________________________________Nosotros damos la bolsa a la vendedora. _______________________________________________________________________________________El hombre quiere dar los zapatos a las chicas. _______________________________________________________________________________________Ustedes van a dar la comida a nosotros. _______________________________________________________________________________________Yo digo la información a la maestra. _______________________________________________________________________________________Ustedes dicen la historia a mí. _______________________________________________________________________________________?Quieres decir la verdad a tus padres? _______________________________________________________________________________________Escribe en espa?ol, usando los IOP.I give the gloves to her (my friend). ________________________________________________________________________You give the socks to him (the baby). ________________________________________________________________________We are going to give the dress to them (the girls) ________________________________________________________________________We want to tell you the story (to you) ________________________________________________________________________ ................
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