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|Acidic conditions in the liver as a result of alcoholism is due |Which of the following periods fatty acid across the |
|to build up of? |Mitochondrial membrane? |
|Acetate |Malate |
|Acetoacetate |Lysine |
|Acid tone |Citrate |
|Beta hydroxybuctyric acid |Carnitine |
| | |
|What is quickest to become rancid? |What is required for trans-skeleton reactions? |
|Coconut oil |B-1 |
|Olive oil |B-2 |
|The fat |B. 3 |
|Butter |B-6 |
| | |
|Which of the following vitamin deficiencies is responsible for |In fatty acid biosynthesis which of the following requires NADPH?|
|xerophthalmia? |Acetyl Co A dehydrogenase |
|Retinol |Ketoacyl synthase |
|Thiamine |Ketoacyl reductase |
|Riboflavin |Hydratase |
|Niacin | |
| |Which of the following enzymes is the apoenzyme of a holoenzyme? |
|What leads to ketone body Synthesis? |Proteins |
|( levels of glucose |Vitamins |
|Complete oxidation of fat |Minerals |
|Incomplete oxidation of fats |Carbohydrates |
|Incomplete breakdown of carbohydrates | |
| |Which of the following is a low molecular weight substance that |
|A deficiency of HMG CO-A sentences wall result in which the |hast abide with another substance to be active? |
|following? |. |
|Decrease cholesterol Synthesis |Epimer |
|Increased cholesterol Synthesis | |
|Decrease fat Synthesis | |
|Increased fat Synthesis | |
| |Which the following affects growth factor? |
|If a substance contains 30% starch and 10% Maltose 10% Lactose |Zinc |
|50% Sucrose what % is glucose, Galactose, Fructose? |Selenium |
|70, 10, 10 |Vitamin C. |
|70, 5, 25 |Vitamin E. |
|60, 30, 10 | |
|70, 20, 10 |In which process is glucagons converted to a Monosaccharide |
| |phosphate? |
|Which of the following vitamins is depleted from the body of a |Glycogenolysis |
|person is taking antibiotics? |Glycogensis |
|A |Glycolysis |
|C. |Gluconeogenesis |
|E. | |
|K. |What is an isomere of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate? |
| |Dyhydroacetone phosphate |
|In the electron transport chain what contains copper? |Fructose-6-phosphate |
|Cytochrome C |Glucose-6-phosphate |
|Cytochrome A3 |Pyruvate |
|Cytochrome B | |
|Coenzyme Q | |
| | |
|Gluconeogenesis with lipolysis but no protein synthesis will lead|With the following is a function of enzyme? |
|to? |Decrease the activation energy |
|Starvation |Decreased rate of reaction |
|Being well fed |Consumed in reaction |
|High glucose levels |The catalyce reaction ray product is converted to a substrate |
|High-fat levels | |
| | |
|Which of the following states produces the most fatty acids? |Which of the following does not contain both an acidic and basic |
|Starvation |component? |
|High carbohydrate diet |Alanine |
|High fatty diet |Glutamic acid |
|High protein diet |Citrate |
| |Aspartate |
|After Glycogen has been depleted from the body what is the source| |
|of carbon? | |
|Proteins |Which of the following is an essential fatty acid? |
|Ketones |Linolenic acid |
|Dietary fats |Palmitic acid |
|Endogenous fats |Oleic acid |
| |Stealic acid |
|Which the following has the highest energy compound? | |
|AMP |Which of the following is a precursor to prostaglandin’s? |
|Creatinine phosphate |Ecosanoids |
|Glucose-6-phosphate |Steroids |
|ATP |Glycolipids |
| |Triacylglycerols |
|Which of the following is a negative allosteric inhibitor? | |
|Inorganic phosphate |Which of the following indicates that an amino acid is |
|ATP |nonessential? |
|AMP |Inability of body to synthesize it |
|ADP |Ability of body to synthesize it |
| |Can be obtained from food |
|What substance supplies the main fuel to the brain? |Body does not need it for function |
|Ketones | |
|Proteins |Which of the following is a pyrmidine? |
|Fat |Adenine |
|Glucose |Guanine |
| |Uracil |
|Sucrose is made from the combination of what & what? |Alanine |
|Glucose & lactose | |
|Glucose & fructose |Which of the following is a purine? |
|Glucose & glucose |Guanine |
|Glucose & Galactose |Cytosine |
| |Thynine |
|24. Which of the following vitamins is lethal in high doses? |Uracil |
|Vitamin C. | |
|Vitamin D. |Which of the following is a branch chain amino acid? |
|Vitamin B6 |Leucine |
|Vitamin B3 |Phenyalanine |
| |Tyrosine |
| |Tryptophan |
|Which of the following is a precursor to melatonin? |The most efficient amount protein is in? |
|Serotonin |Eggs |
|Lysine |Peas |
|Niacin |Beef |
|Phenylalanine |Peanuts |
| | |
|Which of the following has a non-polar side chain? |Breakdown what yields urea? |
|Glutamine |CHO |
|Serine |Cholesterol |
|Alanine |Purine |
|Asparagines |Protein |
| | |
|Which of the following bonds are found in secondary protein |The most abundant polar compound of a cell membrane is? |
|structures? |Phosphate portion of phospholipid |
|Peptide |Fatty acid part of a phospholipid |
|H |Cholesterol |
|S |Glycolprotein |
|Ester | |
| |Which of the following is not a natural triglyceride; but is |
|Which of the following is a pentose? |present in hydrogenated triglycerides? |
|Glucose |Cis-fatty acids |
|Ribose |Trans-proteins |
|Fructose |Cis-proteins |
|Galactose |Trans-fatty acids |
| | |
|Which of the following bonds are found in lipids? |Which of the following is not a ketone? |
|Peptide |Actone |
|Disulfate |Acetoacerate |
|Ester |Beta hydroxubutyric acid |
|H |Mavalonate |
| | |
|Decarboxylation of acetoacetate yields what? |A patient with diarrhea and flatulence after injesting milk? |
|Acetone | |
|Acetate | |
|Beta-hydroxybutyric acid | |
|HMG-Coa | |
| | |
|The reason that the TCA cycle cannot proceed under anaerobic |Protein is first broken down in which of the following body |
|conditions? |structures? |
|Cannot regenerate NADPH |Skeletal muscle |
|Cannot regenerate NAD & FAD w/o O2 |Liver |
|Cannot perform substrate level phosphroylation. |Kidney |
|There’s no seal to available for ETC |Stomach |
| | |
|Which of the following is a CTA cycle enzyme? |What amino acids is a precursor to serotonin? |
|Citrate Synthesis |Tryptophan |
| |Tyrosine |
| |Argine |
| |Niacin |
| | |
|Which of the following vitamins are necessary for the maintenance|In the initial step of the of CTA in the combination of acetyl |
|of RBC’s? |CoA & what form citrate? |
|B-1 |Oxaloacetate |
|B-2 |Malate |
|B-6 |Acetoacetate |
|B-12 and folic acid |Pyruvate |
| | |
|What vitamin is used for carboxylation reaction during |Which of the following is a major source of Ca in humans? |
|Gluconeogenesis? |Grains and cereals |
|Biotin |Dairy products |
|Thiamine |Poultry |
|Pyridoxine |Fruit |
|Niacin | |
| |Which of the following minerals is an antioxidant? |
|Glucose to lactate produces |Magnesium |
|2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 CO2 |Copper |
|2 ATP, 0 NADH, 0 CO2 |Chromium |
|0 ATP, 2 NADH, 0 CO2 |Selenium |
|0 ATP, 0 NADH, 2 CO2 | |
| |Glutamate transanimase & alanine transaminase both require? |
|The source of NADPH for fatty acids Synthesis is from? |Pyridoxine |
|TCA |Cobalamine |
|Glycolytic pathway |Thiamine |
|ETC |Niacin |
|Hexose-monophosphate shunt | |
| |An increase in which of the following minerals causes a decrease |
|Which of the following amino acids is ketogenic? |in blood pressure? |
|Lysine |Potassium |
|Cysterine |Na |
|Cytine |Chloride |
|Methionine |P |
| | |
|HMG-CoA reductase is the rate limiting enzyme in? |Dietary vitamin E is absorbed in the intestines by? |
|Glucose breakdown |Amino acids |
|Cholesterol Synthesis |Carbohydrates |
|Glycogen Synthesis |Lipids |
|Glycogen breakdown |Biotin and thiamine |
| | |
|Which CTA cycle intermediate is a mitochondrial membrane |Due to liver storage and enteropathic recycling sings of a |
|transporter? |deficiency of what vitamin may not be visible for five to six |
|Fumerate |years? |
|Alpha KG |B-1 |
|Citrate |B-2 |
|Succinal CoA |B-6 |
| |B-12 |
|What enzyme issues for breakdown of glycogen? | |
|Glycogen phosphorlace | |
|Glycogen synthesis | |
|Hexokinase | |
|Glucokinase | |
| | |
|Which of the following is an important adjunct for glucose? |If you ingest 200g of carbohydrates it will yield how many |
|Chromium |Kcalories? |
|Copper |100 |
|Mg |200 |
|Zn |800 |
| |1200 |
|The intramitochondrial space is the? Acidic than matrix because | |
|there is more ? in the intramitochondrial space than the matrix? |Which of the following is an intermediate in fatty acids |
|More, hydrogen ions |Synthesis? |
|Less, hydrogen ions |Malonyl CoA |
|More, hydroxial ions |HMG CoA |
|Less, hydroxal ions |Acetyl CoA |
| |Mevalonate |
|The build-up of cholesterol will inhabit? | |
|. |Which of the following compounds is a component of NADH & NADPH? |
|. |Biotin |
|HMG CoA reductase |Riboflavin |
|Phosophofructokinase |Niacin |
| |Pyroxidonine |
|Oxidation of fatty acids yielding CO2 & water through beta | |
|oxidation also goes through? |What CHO has RNA as its major component? |
|TCA a Gluconeogenesis |Glucose |
|HMP shunt & TCA |Ribose |
|TCA & ETC |Fructose |
|HMP & Gluconeogenesis |Alpha deoxyribose |
| | |
|Which of the following represents transcription? | |
|DNA ( mRNA | |
|RNA ( DNA | |
|RNA ( protein | |
|DNA ( DNA (Replication) | |
| | |
| | |
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