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THEME-1 CHILD LABOUROTBA Paper for CLASS- VIII (MATHEMATICS)M.M. 10Session 2016-17T.A.-30 MinAbstract:-Child labour is the practice of engaging children in economic activity, on part-time or full-time basis. Contrary to the notion that it is better when all members of a family, irrespective of age, work and earn money, child labour actually makes poverty worse. The more children are forced to work, the fewer opportunities are there for adults to earn a living. By driving down adult wages and depriving children of education, child labour results in poverty passing down from generation to generation. According to the International labourOrganisation (ILO) “Born to parents who themselves were uneducated child workers, many child worker are forced to continue a tradition that leaves them chained to a life of poverty” (ILO, United States Policies to Address Child labourGlobally, 2010). That is why child labour is a very complicated development issue, affecting human society all over the world. Some of the situations in which children are engaged in work: Measuring Child LabourThe census results shows a fluctuating trend in child labour over the years.Source: Population Census, Office of Registrar General of indiaThe occupation wise distribution of children engaged in hazardous occupations as per Census of India 2001 shown below. The major occupations engaging child labour are Pan, Bidi& Cigarettes (21%), Construction (17%), Domestic workers (15%) and Spinning & weaving (11%).Source: Census 2001As per census 2001, Uttar Pradesh (15.22%) recorded the highest share of child labour in the country, followed by Andhra Pradesh (10.76%), Rajasthan (9.97%), Bihar (8.82%), Madhya Pradesh (8.41%), and West Bengal (6.77%).Poverty is a prominent cause for child labour, and the NFHS 3 results also reveal this. One in every 7 children in the lowest and second lowest wealth index category is working. Source: NFHS 3 (2005-06)About 12.1% children from households headed by Hindus are engaged in work, while the corresponding figure for Muslim and Christian are 10.8% and 7.4% respectively. 16.6% children from households headed by a member of a scheduled tribe are engaged in work while the corresponding figure for Scheduled Caste and Other Backward Class 11.6% and 12.2% respectively. Percentage of children engaged in work in different - different States.StatesBiharChattisgarhJharkhandMPOdishaRajasthanUPUttarakhand% of childrenengaged in work3.63.33.24.54.15.02.72.2Source: Annual Health Survey 2010-11(Table – 1)Conclusion :-Child labour denies the child of his basic right that is the right to education. ‘No education’ means unskilled jobs and exploitative wages. This leads to the creation of an unskilled adult labour force which causes early physical decay, economic insecurity, low quality of life and ultimately high poverty. Thus child labour creates a vicious circle of poverty, unemployment, underemployment and low wages. Over the years the Government of India has multiplied its efforts to address the needs and rights of exploited children. Still, the issue remains grave and demanding more rigorous measures. In order to eliminate the social evil of child labour there is a need for more intensive initiatives to tackle poverty and promote education opportunities to all children to help children and families in crisis.------------------------------------------------------------XXX-----------------------------------------------------------------Sample Questions :-Prepare a Bar graph by taking states on x-axis and % of children on y-axis (Table – 1). (3)From the given pie chart, Answer the following questions :- Name the occupation engaging the highest % of child labour.What is the percentage of child labour in construction work ?What are the name of two occupations having equal % of child labour ? (3)Fill in the blanks :No education means ……………………………………………………. is a prominent cause for child labour.As per census result, In India, number of child labour in 2001 is ……………… As per Annual Health Survey 2010-11, …………….. State has maximum % of child labour. (4)Marking Scheme :-Drawing of graph ……………………………………………………………………………………….………. (2)Labeling, scale & heading …………………………………………………………………………………… (1)(a) Pan, Bidi and Cigarettes………………………………………………………………………………. (1)(b) 17 % …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (1)(c) Carpet making and Gem-cutting, Jewellery...………………………………………………… (1) 3. (a) unskilled jobs and exploitative wages …………………………………………………………... (1) (b) Poverty ……………………………………………………………………..…………………………..……(1) (c) 1,26,66,377 …………………………………………………………………………….…………… (1) (d) Rajasthan ……………………………………………………………………….………………………. (1)THEME-II CHILDREN’S DAYOTBA Paper for CLASS- VIII ( MATHEMATICS)M.M. 10Session 2016-17T.A.-30 Min360680025654000Children's day, in Hindi known as "Bal Diwas", in India falls on November 14th every year and for good reason. Children's day in India is celebrated on Pandit Nehru's birthday as a day of fun and frolic, a celebration of childhood, children and Nehruji's love for them. Most schools have cultural programmes for the day, with the students managing it all.? Today it is Novemeber 14th and Neha in excitement of going to school got up very early in the morning around 5 am as she was participating in fancy dress competition. She wore the dress of a doctor.2280920254000Normally her school van comes at 7:15 am but today it came late at 7:20 am and Neha thought that today she will be late but the driver told her that the school is only 15 km from here and it will take only 30 min. So don’t worry we will reach on time. He was correct they riched school at 7:50am.On the school gate a big banner on the occasion of children day was placed on the school gate.22669556832500226695668020Milk00MilkSoon after the Morning Prayer fancy dress competition started and all enjoyed it. Participants were given milk and juice cylindrical and cubical packs.12071352095500215773020955JUICE00JUICE 14cm 36906206286500Neha’s friend Rehana choose to take juice instead of milk thinking that a cubical box has larger capacity. Many competitions like Rangoli making, quiz, singing, solo dance, speech were organized. All the winners were given prizes by the Principal. At 12 O’clock an inter house cricket match was played.All the children enjoyed the match a lot as it ended in a tie. It was over by 3 pm. With the speech of the school principal the celebrations came to an end. SAMPLE QUESTIONS A field leveler takes 500 revolutions to level the cricket field. If the diameter of the field leveler is 42cm and length is 1m. Find the area of the field. --4 marksThe milk container’s length is 14 cm and radius is 7 cm. Find the quantity of milk in litres that can be stored in the container? -----3 marksi) Find the height of a cube whose lateral surface area is 64cm2? -----2 marksii) 15m2 = ………………..cm2 .-----------1 markMarking Scheme1. Curved surface area of the field leveler= 2πrh=2 х 22/7 х 21 х 100=13200cm2 ------2marksTotal area covered by the field leveler= 500 х 13200= 6600000 cm2=660m2------2 marks2. Volume of the milk container =πr2h = 4312cm2 ---- 2 marks1000 cm2 = I litre4312 cm2 = 4.312 litre ------ 1mark3. i) Lateral surface area of the cube = 4 a24 a2 = 64 cm2a= 4cm----2marksii) 15 m2 = 150000 cm2----1mark ................
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