CITATIONS



CITATIONS

• You can use any format you are familiar with, however, you must provide proper citations and a list of references. One format that is easy to use is as follows: For the citation in the paper use an (author, date) format. For example, "Company X has recently experienced a large drop in sales (Jones, 1998)." If you use the author's name in the sentence, write it as, "Jones (1998) says Company X has recently experienced a large drop in sales." Your reference list then contains an alphabetized list of properly formatted entries beginning with:

Author Date. Rest of Citation.

For example:

Argyris, C. 1991. Teaching Smart People How To Learn. Harvard Business Review 24(1): 99-109.

• Any words taken verbatim from any source must by quoted. You must indicate the page number in your citation. For example, "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog (Jones, 1998, p. 87)."

• It is OK to use thoughts and ideas that are not your own, but only if they are properly cited.

• If you paraphrase, you must indicate that the thoughts are not your own. One citation at the end of a paraphrased paragraph is not sufficient. This does not make it clear that large portions of the paragraph are someone else's thinking. You can get around this in one of two ways: either quote the material and cite the quotation, or let the reader know the thinking is someone else's by inserting phrases such as, "According to Jones (1998)..." or "Jones (1998) explains that EEO law began with ... He then goes on to explain..."

• Any material taken from the web must show the full path to retrieve the material in your list of references. Check each path in your list of references for validity. If I cannot find the document, I will consider the material not cited.

• All websites used must show up in the list of references even if you provide the full path in the body of the text. I would advise creating an abbreviation to the path that you use in the text and then provide the full path in the list of references.

• You should only use sources on the web that can be deemed reputable. If it does not come from a known organization or does not have an author, it is probably better not to use it.

• If the material from the web has an author, then the citation and entry in the list of references is the same as above. If there is no author but the material comes from a reputable organization, use the organization name in place of an author. For example, "An important decision that must be made when recruiting knowledge workers... (SHRM website, 2001)." In either of the above cases the reference list must include the URL, for example:

SHRM website, 2001. Article Title. URL=page/article.html.

• If there are multiple pages from the same site, you can use a letter after the year to distinguish them. For example, (SHRM website, 2001a) and (SHRM website, 2001b).

• When in doubt, it never hurts to add a citation.

• All sources cited in the list of references must be used in the body of the paper. It is misleading to include sources in the list of references but not use them. If you want to do this then list them separately as "works referenced but not cited." The only sources that count toward the number of references required for the paper are the ones actually cited in the paper.

• If you cite something as a source, it must contain the material referenced. It is a serious breach of academic honesty to mislead the reader by making it appear as though something you cited came from a particular source when in fact it did not.

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