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SCIENCE

Grade 7

Learner's Material

(Unit 1 AND Unit 2)

For Students Grade 7 Science: Matter

QUARTER 1

DIVERSITY OF MATERIALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Department of Education University of the Philippines National Institute for Science and Mathematics Education Development

Copyright page Quarter 1 Student Module Grade 7 Science: Matter Diversity of Materials in the Environment

Marlene B. Ferido, Jacqueline Rose M. Gutierrez, Writers. Ma. Cristina D. Padolina, Merle C. Tan, Reviewers. Rosita R. Cruz, Wilhelmina L. Dela Paz, Cecile N. Sales, Encoders. Alvin J. Encarnacion, Rizaldo Ramoncito S. Saliva, Artists. Cover Design by Alvin J. Encarnacion.

May 2012

CONTENTS

Module 1. Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Activity 1: What Solutions Do You Find in Your Home? . . . . . . . . . . 2 Activity 2: What are the Properties of Solution? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Activity 3: What is the Evidence that a Solution is Saturated? . . . . . 7 Activity 4: Size Matters! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Activity 5: How Fast does Coffee Dissolve in Hot Water?

In Cold Water?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Activity 6: Which Dissolves Faster in Hot and in Cold Water:

Sugar or Salt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Module 2. Substances and Mixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Activity 1: Seawater! See Water and Salts! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Activity 2: Looks may be Deceiving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Activity 3: My Unknown Sample: Substance or Mixture? . . . . . . . . . 26

Module 3. Elements and Compounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Activity 1: Water, "Wat-er" You Made Of? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Activity 2: The Periodic Table: It's Element-ary! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Activity 3: The "Matter" on Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Activity 4: The Iron-y of Food. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Module 4. Acids and Bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

Activity 1: How can You Tell if the Mixture is Acidic or Basic? . . . . . 47 Activity 2: Color Range, pH Scale!. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 Activity 3: What Happens to a Metal when Exposed to

an Acidic Mixture?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Module 5. Metals and Nonmetals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Activity 1: Which can Conduct Electricity, Metals or Nonmetals? . . . 62 Activity 2: Acidity of the Oxides of Metals and Nonmetals . . . . . . . . 67

Suggested time allotment: 7 to 8 hours

MODULE

1 SOLUTIONS

Overview

In Grade 6, you have learned about different mixtures and their characteristics. You have done activities where you mixed a solid and a liquid or combined two different liquids. In the process of mixing, you have observed that these mixtures either form homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures. You have seen that when all parts of the mixture have the same uniform appearance and properties, it is homogeneous.

You also learned that when different parts of the mixture can be identified, it is heterogeneous. An example of a heterogeneous mixture is ice cubes (solid phase) placed in a glass of soft drink (liquid phase). Different phases can be identified. When all the ice cubes are melted, only one liquid phase is seen. It is now homogeneous.

Homogeneous mixtures are called solutions. When you put sugar into water, the solid becomes part of the liquid and cannot be seen. You can say that the sugar dissolves in water or the sugar is soluble in water. Solutions may be solids dissolved in liquids or gases dissolved in liquids. There are also solutions where a gas is dissolved in another gas, a liquid in another liquid or a solid in another solid. Gaseous, liquid, and solid solutions are all around you. Many commercial products are sold as solutions.

In this module, you will identify common properties of solutions using different methods. You will also learn how to report the amount of the components in a given volume of solution. Towards the end of the module, you will investigate the factors that affect how fast a solid dissolves in water. At the end of Module 1, you will be able to answer the following key questions.

What common properties do solutions have? Are solutions always liquid? Will all solids dissolve in water?

How fast do solids dissolve in water?

Grade 7 Science: Matter

1

Diversity of Materials in the Environment

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