Strategy Guideline: HVAC Equipment Sizing

[Pages:46]Strategy Guideline: HVAC Equipment Sizing

Arlan Burdick

IBACOS, Inc.

February 2012

This report received minimal editorial review at NREL

NOTICE

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Strategy Guideline: HVAC Equipment Sizing

Prepared for: Building America Building Technologies Program Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy

Prepared by: Arlan Burdick IBACOS, Inc. 2214 Liberty Avenue Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222

NREL Technical Monitor: Michael Gestwick Prepared under Subcontract No. KNDJ-0-40341-02

February 2012

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Contents

List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ iv List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................... v Definitions................................................................................................................................................... vi Executive Summary .................................................................................................................................. vii 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Overview................................................................................................................................................ 3

2.1 Design Conditions................................................................................................................6 2.2 Preliminary Equipment Selection ........................................................................................7 2.3 Manufacturer Data Tables....................................................................................................8 2.4 Cooling Equipment Capacity Sensitivities ..........................................................................9 2.5 Estimated Target Cubic Feet per Minute ...........................................................................12 2.6 Efficiency Considerations..................................................................................................13

3 Chicago House Example.................................................................................................................... 15

3.1 Cooling Equipment Selection ............................................................................................15 3.2 Furnace Selection...............................................................................................................20

4 Orlando House Example .................................................................................................................... 24

4.1 Air Source Heat Pump Selection .......................................................................................26 4.2 Heat Pump Cooling Capacity Selection.............................................................................27 4.3 Heat Pump Heating Capacity Selection .............................................................................30

5 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................... 35 References ................................................................................................................................................. 36

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List of Figures

Figure 1. Design information from ACCA Manual J--Residential Load Calculation. .......................... 1 Figure 2. Upflow furnace scenario as in the Chicago House. ................................................................ 4 Figure 3. Heat pump scenario as in the Orlando House. ........................................................................ 5 Figure 4. General steps to equipment selection. ..................................................................................... 6 Figure 5. Design information needed........................................................................................................ 7 Figure 6. Fictitious example: detailed cooling capacities table. ............................................................ 8 Figure 7. Airflow sensitivity graph (from Manual S, Figure 3-1)........................................................... 10 Figure 8. OAT sensitivity graph (from Manual S, Figure 3-1). .............................................................. 10 Figure 9. Indoor EWB sensitivity graph (from Manual S, Figure 3-1). ................................................. 11 Figure 10. Indoor EDB temperature sensitivity graph (from Manual S, Figure 3-1). .......................... 11 Figure 11. TD value table (from Manual S, Table 1-4)............................................................................ 12 Figure 12. Chicago House BEopt 1.1 output. ......................................................................................... 13 Figure 13. Orlando House BEopt 1.1 output. ......................................................................................... 14 Figure 14. Cooling equipment selection step 1. .................................................................................... 15 Figure 15. Chicago House design information. ..................................................................................... 15 Figure 16. Cooling equipment selection step 2. .................................................................................... 16 Figure 17. Cooling equipment selection step 3. .................................................................................... 16 Figure 18. Wet-bulb temperature on sea-level psychometric chart..................................................... 17 Figure 19. Cooling equipment selection step 4. .................................................................................... 17 Figure 20. Fictitious example: detailed cooling capacities table, 800 cfm. ........................................ 18 Figure 21. Fictitious example: detailed cooling capacities table, 715 cfm and 750 cfm. .................. 19 Figure 22. Interpolation table for capacities at 89?F outdoor design temperature. ........................... 19 Figure 23. Furnace selection steps. ........................................................................................................ 20 Figure 24. Furnace specification chart. .................................................................................................. 21 Figure 25. Air delivery performance table. ............................................................................................. 22 Figure 26. Fictitious furnace performance example.............................................................................. 22 Figure 27. Air delivery performance table for the Chicago House. ..................................................... 23 Figure 28. Air source heat pump selection steps. ................................................................................. 24 Figure 29. Development of balance-point diagram. .............................................................................. 25 Figure 30. Air source heat pump selection step 1. ................................................................................ 26 Figure 31. Orlando House design information. ...................................................................................... 26 Figure 32. Air source heat pump selection step 2. ................................................................................ 27 Figure 33. Air source heat pump selection step 3. ................................................................................ 28 Figure 34. Wet-bulb temperature on sea-level psychometric chart..................................................... 28 Figure 35. Cooling equipment selection step 4. .................................................................................... 29 Figure 36. Fictitious example: detailed heat pump cooling capacities table, 700 cfm. ..................... 30 Figure 37. Interpolation table for cooling capacities at 92?F outdoor design temperature. ............. 30 Figure 38. Cooling equipment selection step 5. .................................................................................... 31 Figure 39. Heat pump heating performance table at 700 cfm............................................................... 31 Figure 40. Interpolation table for heating capacities at 38?F outdoor design temperature. ............. 32 Figure 41. Cooling equipment selection step 6. .................................................................................... 32 Figure 42. Balance-point diagram for the Orlando House. ................................................................... 33 Figure 43. Fan coil nomenclature. ........................................................................................................... 34

* Unless otherwise noted, all figures were created by IBACOS.

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List of Tables

Table 1. ACCA Manual J Heating and Cooling Loads. ............................................................................ 6

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Definitions

ACCA AFUE AHRI ARI ASHRAE

BEopt cfm EDB EWB HSPF HVAC IECC LAT OAT SEER SHR TD

Air Conditioning Contractors of America Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers Building Energy Optimization (software) Cubic Feet per Minute Entering Dry-Bulb Entering Wet-Bulb Heating Seasonal Performance Factor Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning International Energy Conservation Code Temperature of Air Leaving the Cooling Coil Outdoor Air Temperature Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio Sensible Heat Ratio Room-Air to Supply-Air Temperature Difference

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