Comprehension: Inference Grade: 3 - Amplify
Comprehension: Inference Grade: 3
LESSON INFORMATION
PASSAGE INFORMATION
Goal: Students learn and practice making
inferences.
Genre: Literary
Time: 30 minutes
Passages: When selecting passages, be
sure that they include rich content and are
on the higher end of the qualitative and
quantitative text complexity continuum for
the grade level.
Class Size: Small group
Sample Passage Title: Freddie the Future Frog
Materials Needed: Copies of the passage and
graphic organizer
Grade: 3
Introduction (2 minutes)
1. Preview the text
?
Provide a brief explanation of the text.
We are going to read a new passage today. It is about a tadpole named Freddie who wishes to
swim faster and farther.
2. Explain the skill
?
Provide a brief explanation of the target skill for the lesson.
We are going to practice making inferences today. Making an inference means using evidence
from the story and from what we know to understand something the author doesn¡¯t exactly
say. We need to make inferences so that we can understand the whole story.
Close Reading (25 minutes)
1. Model the skill
?
Read the text as a group. Randomly call on students to read portions of the text. Ensure your
pattern of calling on students is unpredictable so all students continue to read along.
?
When you come to a portion of the text that requires an inference, pause and describe the
necessary inference.
mCLASS Comprehension
1
After reading page 1. Look, something is missing here. The author says Freddie wondered what
life is like out of the water, but the author doesn¡¯t say why Freddie doesn¡¯t know. We need to
make an inference. Let¡¯s use our graphic organizer to make the inference. I read that Freddie
wondered what life was like outside of the water so I¡¯ll write that in the ¡°What I Read¡± section. I
also read that Freddie is a tadpole so I¡¯ll write that in the ¡°What I Read¡± section, too.
From my background knowledge, I know that when frogs are tadpoles, they can¡¯t breathe
above the water. I¡¯ll write that in the ¡°What I Know¡± section.
I can put what I know and what I read together to make my inference. Freddie is a tadpole, and
tadpoles can¡¯t breathe above water. Freddie wonders about life out of water because he can¡¯t
go above water. The author didn¡¯t tell us exactly why Freddie would wonder what life would be
like, but we can make an inference about why he would.
2. Practice the skill
?
Continue reading the text as a group.
?
When you come to a portion of the text that requires an inference, pause, have students turn
and talk to share the inference, and then state the inference for the group.
After reading page 3. I think we need to make an inference on this page, too. Why was the ducks¡¯
invitation ¡°special¡±? The author doesn¡¯t tell us. Turn and talk to your neighbor. Use evidence
from the story and from what you know to make the inference. Use your graphic organizer to
help you.
After students have partner-shared. OK, let¡¯s share as a group. Why was the ducks¡¯ invitation
special? I wrote that Freddie is only a tadpole in the ¡°What I Read¡± section of my organizer. I
also know from my background knowledge that tadpoles are baby frogs, so they aren¡¯t very
experienced.
Using ¡°What I Read¡± and ¡°What I Know,¡± I can make some inferences. Maybe Freddie has never
been to the deeper side of the pond. Maybe Freddie doesn¡¯t have much experience swimming
in deeper water at all. Any of these can be a reason why the invitation was special; we just have
to make inferences to really understand the story.
?
Continue reading the text as a group and pause to make inferences on the suggested pages
below.
mCLASS Comprehension
2
Possible Inferences
Page
Inference Question
Inference Instruction
5
Why did Freddie get so tired?
What I Read: Freddie had never been
to the other side of the pond; Freddie is
worried he can¡¯t make it
What I Know: Tadpoles are young
Inference: Freddie isn¡¯t a good swimmer
yet
6
Why was Freddie¡¯s tail getting shorter?
What I Read: Time is passing
What I Know: Tadpoles turn into frogs.
Frogs don¡¯t have tails.
Inference: Freddie is probably growing
into a frog!
6
How was Freddie able to reach the bridge
first?
What I Read: Freddie had turned into a
frog. Freddie had powerful legs.
What I Know: Having powerful legs helps
you jump high and far.
Inference: Freddie¡¯s new jumping with his
powerful legs is faster than swimming.
mCLASS Comprehension
3
3. Ask text-dependent questions
Now that we read the whole story and learned to make inferences. Let¡¯s keep using what we
learned to answer some questions. Use the graphic organizer to help you if you need to!
Question
Possible Answer
What did Freddie look like at the beginning of
the story?
He was a tadpole with fins and gills.
Why was Freddie playing tag with the ducks?
They invited him to play.
What did Freddie wonder when the ducks
invited him to the other side of the pond?
He wondered if he was a good enough
swimmer and if he could swim that far.
Why did Freddie swim home the morning he
swam with the ducks?
He wasn¡¯t able to make it to the other side of
the pond.
What did Freddie look like when he turned into
a frog?
He had no tail, four powerful legs, and lungs.
Why was Freddie proud at the end of the story?
He reached the bridge first and didn¡¯t give up.
Wrap Up (3 minutes)
1. Encourage use of the skill outside of the lesson
?
State the target skill and explain its importance.
Today we practiced inferences. Knowing when and how to make inferences will help you
understand a story or text when the author leaves something out.
Common Core Anchor Standards:
CCSS.ELA-RA.R.1
Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite
specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.
mCLASS Comprehension
? 2018 Amplify. All rights reserved.
4
?.
INFERENCE
What I know
What I read
My inference
mCLASS Comprehension
? 2018 Amplify. All rights reserved.
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