Advanced Computer Architecture - Baylor University
[Pages:10]Advanced Computer Architecture
The Architecture of Parallel Computers
Computer Systems
No Component Can be Treated In Isolation From the Others
Application Software Operating System
Hardware Architecture
Hardware Issues
? Number and Type of Processors ? Processor Control ? Memory Hierarchy ? I/O devices and Peripherals ? Operating System Support ? Applications Software Compatibility
Operating System Issues
? Allocating and Managing Resources ? Access to Hardware Features
? Multi-Processing ? Multi-Threading
? I/O Management ? Access to Peripherals ? Efficiency
Applications Issues
? Compiler/Linker Support ? Programmability ? OS/Hardware Feature Availability ? Compatibility ? Parallel Compilers
? Preprocessor ? Precompiler ? Parallelizing Compiler
Architecture Evolution
? Scalar Architecture ? Prefetch Fetch/Execute Overlap ? Multiple Functional Units ? Pipelining ? Vector Processors ? Lock-Step Processors ? Multi-Processor
Flynn's Classification
? Consider Instruction Streams and Data Streams Separately.
? SISD - Single Instruction, Single Data Stream
? SIMD - Single Instruction, Multiple Data Streams
? MIMD - Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data Streams.
? MISD - (rare) Multiple Instruction, Single Data Stream
SISD
? Conventional Computers. ? Pipelined Systems ? Multiple-Functional Unit Systems ? Pipelined Vector Processors ? Includes most computers encountered in
everyday life
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