The ASCII Character Set

The ASCII Character Set

The American Standard Code for Information Interchange or ASCII assigns values between 0 and 255 for upper and lower case letters, numeric digits, punctuation marks and other symbols. ASCII characters can be split into the following sections:

0 ? 31 32 ? 127 128 ? 255

Control codes

Standard, implementation-independent characters

Special symbols, international character sets ? generally, non-standard characters.

Control Codes : ASCII Characters 0 - 31

The following table lists and describes the first 32 ASCII characters, often referred to as control codes. The columns show the decimal and hexadecimal ASCII values for each code along with their abbreviated and full names. Descriptions are given to those most in use today.

Decimal 000 001 002 003 004 005 006

Octal 000 001 002 003 004 005 006

Hexadecimal 00 01 02 03 04 05 06

Code NUL SOH STX ETX EOT ENQ ACK

Description Null Start Of Heading Start of TeXt End of TeXt End Of Transmission ENQuiry ACKnowledge

Table continued on following page

Appendix F

Decimal 007

Octal 007

Hexadecimal 07

Code BEL

008

010

08

BS

009

011

09

HT

010

012

0A

011

013

0B

012

014

0C

013

015

0D

014

016

0E

015

017

0F

016

020

10

017

021

11

018

022

12

019

023

13

020

024

14

021

025

15

022

026

16

023

027

17

024

030

18

025

031

19

026

032

1A

027

033

1B

028

034

1C

LF

VT FF

CR

SO SI DLE DC1 DC2 DC3 DC4 NAK SYN ETB CAN EM SUB ESC FS

Description

BELl. Caused teletype machines to ring a bell. Causes a beep in many common terminals and terminal emulation programs.

BackSpace. Moves the cursor move backwards (left) one space.

Horizontal Tab. Moves the cursor right to the next tab stop. The spacing of tab stops is dependent on the output device, but is often either 8 or 10 characters wide.

Line Feed. Moves the cursor to a new line. On Unix systems, moves to a new line AND all the way to the left.

Vertical Tab

Form Feed. Advances paper to the top of the next page (if the output device is a printer).

Carriage Return. Moves the cursor all the way to the left, but does not advance to the next line.

Shift Out

Shift In

Data Link Escape

Device Control 1

Device Control 2

Device Control 3

Device Control 4

Negative AcKnowledge

SYNchronous idle

End of Transmission Block

CANcel

End of Medium

SUBstitute

ESCape

File Separator

586

Decimal 029 030 031

Octal 035 036 037

Hexadecimal 1D 1E 1F

Code GS RS US

The ASCII Character Set

Description Group Separator Record Separator Unit Separator

The Standard ASCII Characters : 32 - 127

ASCII Characters 32 - 127 are the standard, implementation-independent alphanumeric characters we work with every day. The tables below show the characters along with both their decimal and hexadecimal ASCII values.

Characters 32 - 64

The first table, which contains characters 32 - 64, contains the majority of the standard symbolic characters and the numbers from zero to nine.

Decimal 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040 041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048

Octal 040 041 042 043 044 045 046 047 050 051 052 053 054 055 056 057 060

Hexadecimal 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F 30

Character Space ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , . / 0

Decimal 049 050 051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060 061 062 063 064

Octal 061 062 063 064 065 066 067 070 071 072 073 074 075 076 077 100

Hexadecimal 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F 40

Character 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @

587

Appendix F

Characters 65 - 127

The second table, which contains characters 65 - 127, contains the standard Latin alphabet characters both lower and upper case, separated only by a few characters at 91 - 96 and 123 - 127.

Decimal 065 066 067 068 069 070 071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080 081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090

Octal 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 130 131 132

Hexadecimal 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A

Character A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Decimal 097 098 099 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122

Octal 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 170 171 172

Hexadecimal 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7A

Character a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

588

The ASCII Character Set

Decimal 091 092 093 094

Octal 133 134 135 136

Hexadecimal 5B 5C 5D 5E

Character [ \ ]

^

Decimal 123 124 125 126

Octal 173 174 175 176

Hexadecimal 7B 7C 7D 7E

Character { | } ~

095

137 5F

096

140 60

_

127

177

7F

'

delete

The Non-Standard ASCII Characters : 128 - 255

The second half of the ASCII table holds the non-standard extension set of characters which may vary depending which computer system you may be using. One common ? but in no way definitive ? example of this extended set is as follows.

Characters 128 - 191

This first table contains characters 128 - 191, abstract symbols that appear in text from time to time.

Decimal 128

Octal 200

Hexadecimal Character

80

?

Decimal 160

Octal 240

129

201 81

130

202 82

131

203 83

132

204 84

133

205 85

134

206 86

135

207 87

136

210 88

137

211 89

138

212 8A

139

213 8B

?

161

241

,

162

242

163

243

,,

164

244

...

165

245

166

246

167

247

^

168

250

169

251

S

170

252

<

171

253

Hexadecimal Character

A0

non-

breaking

space

A1

?

A2

?

A3

?

A4

?

A5

?

A6

?

A7

?

A8

?

A9

?

AA

?

AB

?

Table continued on following page

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