Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw ...

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Warm Clothes Required

Regardless of the season, be sure to bring warm clothes on a hiking trip to western Colorado. Temperatures can drop suddenly. Even when temperatures are warm in the valley, they can be extremely cold in the mountains.

When climbers scale the mountains shown here, they often carry oxygen tanks with them. The air is both thin and cold at altitudes of 4,300 m (14,000 ft) and higher.

1 Compare snowcover on the mountain to snowcover by the lake.

2 Would you expect air to be colder at the altitude of clouds than it is on Earth's surface? Discuss.

Earth's Atmosphere

Bellringer LESSON 1

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Temperature v. Altitude

Altitude (km)

Exosphere

500

Thermosphere

120

110

100

90

80 Mesosphere

70

60

50

40 Highest 30 concentration

of ozone 20

Stratosphere

10

Troposphere

0 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 400 600 800

Temperature (?C)

Earth's Atmosphere

Focus on Content LESSON 1

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Blooms under Glass

Flowers can bloom inside a greenhouse all year long--even during a cold, snowy winter. A greenhouse traps energy from the Sun very effectively.

Energy from the Sun is made of more than just the light you can see. Some of it is infrared energy. This kind of energy warms your skin when you bask in the Sun. It warms the air in a greenhouse too.

1 Compare Earth's surface and atmosphere to the inside of a greenhouse. How are they alike? How are they different?

2 What would happen to these plants if they were moved outside the greenhouse?

3 Why are temperatures on Earth's surface important?

Earth's Atmosphere

Bellringer LESSON 2

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Incoming Solar Radiation

25% of radiation is reflected by clouds and particles.

20% of radiation is absorbed by particles in the atmosphere.

5% of radiation is reflected back by land and sea surface.

Earth's Atmosphere

Solar radiation 100%

50% of radiation reaches and is absorbed by Earth's surface.

Focus on Content LESSON 2

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Billowing Sails

Hundreds of years ago, tall sailing ships carried goods and passengers across the oceans. Winds filled the billowing sails to power these ships on their journeys.

Ship captains knew that ocean winds blow in patterns. They plotted courses that took advantage of bands of strong winds.

1 What is wind? What can wind do?

2 What types of winds blow where you live? Do they form a pattern of any kind? Discuss.

3 A system is made of many parts that interact. Are winds part of a system? Explain.

Earth's Atmosphere

Bellringer LESSON 3

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Global Wind Belts

60? N

Polar easterlies

30? N

Westerlies

Trade winds 0?

Trade winds

30? S Westerlies

60? S Polar easterlies

Earth's Atmosphere

Focus on Content LESSON 3

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

The Problem of Pollution

Warsaw is the capital of Poland. It is an old and beautiful city. Yet air pollution is a problem here, as it is in cities all over Earth.

Today, people everywhere are recognizing the problems that pollution causes, and they are trying new ways to solve them. You can be part of the solution, too.

1 What happens to smoke after it is released into the air?

2 How would Warsaw be different without the power plant and smokestack shown in the photo?

3 Describe some of the ways individuals and businesses can help to reduce air pollution.

Earth's Atmosphere

Bellringer LESSON 4

Change (%) 1970 1980 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

Copyright ? Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Air Quality Trends

200 150 100 50

0 -50 -100

Earth's Atmosphere

Air Quality Trends

Year

Vehicle miles traveled Energy consumption Population

Air pollution

Focus on Content LESSON 4

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