NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION

NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION

NIV

ZONDERVAN

STUDY BIBLE

NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION

NIV

ZONDERVAN

STUDY BIBLE

Built on the Truth of Scripture and Centered on the Gospel Message

D. A. CARSON

GENERAL EDITOR

NIV Zondervan Study Bible Copyright ? 2015 by Zondervan All rights reserved

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Published by Zondervan Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA



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Parts of the book of Ezekiel have been adapted from the NIV Study Bible, copyright ? 1985, 2011 by Zondervan. All rights reserved.

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QUICK START GUIDE

WHAT IS THIS STUDY BIBLE?

The NIV Zondervan Study Bible is an all new study Bible built on the truth of Scripture and centering on "biblical theology"--the ways in which many important themes work their way through Scripture and come to a focus in Jesus Christ. It's a comprehensive combination of newly crafted study notes, articles, book introductions and study tools.

WHAT DO THE FEATURES OF THIS STUDY BIBLE OFFER ME?

Book introductions: When was this book written? Why was it written? How does the book fit with the rest of

Scripture? What is in it? Nearly every book of the Bible begins with an introduction that offers helpful information

about the book. The book introductions answer questions you may have about the book, and each book introduction

provides an outline of the book.

#1 Palestine (Old Galilee)

Cross reference system: Where does this word or term appear in other parts of the Bible? A cross reference system enables you to search the Scriptures for terms, ideas, and themes that reappear in various books.

Study notes: What is the Bible saying here? God's Word was written down many years ago by different authors in different settings. The study notes at the bottom of each page explain or give background on words, phrases, and the flow of the argument to aid you in better understanding what God is saying in his Word. Each note was thoughtfully crafted to guide you in more clearly comprehending the Word of God.

#2 Levant (Old Palestine)

INTRODUCTION TO

GENESIS

NAME AND PURPOSE The title, Genesis, means "beginning." It is the title of the book in the Septuagint (the pre-Christian Greek translation of the OT). This aptly describes a book that outlines the creation of the world and humanity (chs. 1 ? 2) and goes on to describe the beginning of sin (ch. 3), the new creation (ch. 9), God's plan for blessing the world (12:1 ? 3), and how that plan begins with the family of Abraham (chs. 12 ? 50). The Jewish title of the book, Ber e s?t, is taken from the first word in the Hebrew text: "In the beginning." It also emphasizes that the book is concerned with origins.

Genesis is the first of the five books of the Pentateuch (see Introduction to the Pentateuch, p. 9). Unlike the other books of the Torah, Genesis contains almost all narrative and few legal commands. Its purpose is to trace the beginnings of the world, humanity, and sin and to draw a line across human history that identifies God's work with Abraham and his family. Thus, the book provides the necessary background for the divinely chosen origins of God's people Israel and for their situation in Egypt at the beginning of Exodus. It also introduces God as Creator, Judge, and Redeemer. It describes the fall into sin and looks forward to how God will resolve his separation from the people he loved and created.

BACKGROUND AND AUTHOR Exod 17:14 and Deut 31:9,24 attest to the composition of much of the first five books by Moses. Moses' composition of Genesis was assumed until the advent of critical studies of the Bible that questioned its validity. Since then, scholars have argued for dividing Genesis into separate parts and dating them to different times. Multiple authors would then have written the book, some of them centuries after the time of Moses. However, it is now clear that many of the events of Genesis, when compared to examples of ancient Near Eastern texts, date to the period before Moses, ca. 2200 ? 1500 BC, and not later.

1. The creation account of Genesis has been compared with the Babylonian Enuma Elish, a story about how the god Marduk defeats a monster and creates the other gods from her body. Archaeologists discovered this story in the library of an Assyrian king from the seventh century BC. But a closer parallel to Gen 1 ? 11, with stories of the creation of humankind followed by a flood, with a family and animals surviving on an ark, appears much earlier in the eighteenth-century BC Atrahasis Epic.

2. Many texts, including the Atrahasis Epic, mention a worldwide flood. Most famous is the Gilgamesh Epic. The earliest text we have dates from the eighteenth century BC. It was copied in many places and times in the ancient Near East. Like Atrahasis, Gilgamesh has parallels with the details of Gen 6 ? 9. A god decides to preserve a family, people construct a ship and bring animals into an ark and close the door, and the flood destroys everything outside the ark. These similarities should not blind us to the teaching of Gen 6 ? 9 that God used the flood to judge the world and save righteous Noah and all on the ark in order to make a covenant with them upon disembarking (8:20 -- 9:17).

3. Personal names can also attest to an early date for Genesis. Some of the names in chs. 1 ? 11 occur only in the

JACOB'S map_01_31_jacob JOURNEYS

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MAP INlcsGaOEroTltaaEiidhevlk:tneeInirHereiodsalaenJliudentydidaTmaaseitbahctieanbnoaotoennesdoteettofbdoehtfroEaack'ohrsrhuterhsianreethnlMpieofaegasrilirhnmnerltiefbgdizhrludgeSaioaepugetnstkctpfroakh.hierhdcorehwotytlshiecen--nm-swarspaBdge(orrslLaaldetiEatjnPahlsogansvi,eAbkiauItcat'svnihlasueernoetuinnl,renipRpewmedu)leiapbabvtnloaenetorcdeeeisnad"mh,rbtTatootewetebarhHahvddadcaeHtereerkeasientroannilJh"tntnyrnsaatopreaoeAbkarwolleChdienbnrDnaagaaiin.o.lseascnmlpkbhmcJaoueayoiRafnatacuinLtesgvonhna.cebwtHebutarh'r.snisaihytesdndhaiorlh.enloLfsTosduahtmibteneaean-of

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ceeJdaecdobtoliSnhgeecrehdemat, Swuhkekroethh,eeenrteecrteeddCaannaalatanratnodthperoL-ord.

asSih7lnhtihoovefueOec6rh5rsTlohr.Wdtehmoea3rhnmHce.gknaoe4tihAsn;ithnSnes2hbNasJohWdeaetfdoeiahcheSwdcdorelehohodtbnDnedenswcimeihSenadah.hesf'asaesanehmsndrcofo,drahtcooahstetunthawimhhnitendaarergasstttdoHgaoohtanehbaiuhDosoemougiyiufdsnhostHahfarttaiueeahhttwragmhiudrnheLendoangteretruatwiHrilthgnohhaDhtuahaehmtitteenaIHorytshdaoirrvoahc,abiatfd"etoahmeGlJrhla,eakneetacdbtheopwhymebbptiosoe;treemlheunheJntealeeehJepadc.rdiloic.soneoobTvgfgfb,iehiltr.dwewehdldyeaita7,thntwMhshetaemeiJoryrsaaeuoeycnasutoosw,wnhtbnsoihago'fsseiwcvlw.wdki"eshaoe,eiudermtJeargt,aachhihnonnetedbewat'rtshfono--ueosdmrokifsnoieahpenusloetdshhrko,siaeafbnwdntetghecidctneathorhdulamaaehspretneielsdyd.

34:1 c Ge 30:21 34:6 d Jdg 14:25 fJ3Jd4og:s727e0:D1:65t;222S:2a11;3:12

taBhDalwaaelt3emhctfhtc4ohrteaieie:rteon1tepawndwmt?ttsiesihvla3enleetsb1noselyymwdnDo,todomefaitnnahnrSauadenehorhn,gyreDfdteycahptierinhhnneertaeedygrmhshmetatuiDohn.raafwieeeuJrndenataSreJuichhrgharote,eehcahbpcbtoveofrheubcuefmeot'lhfshlmnuyeJeidslsanniletyeacsefnmofaoirsrebfemab.nlceg'SrSsisoel.ehhyvhtdWseeueii.ocncsrrhnShnehesCshedenotame,monwncShs'ahisCiet'lmoalerabtnmrnenbbee.ooaheraIsntoarateoctnmbvaheni.ierneoekiccSdrrnsup,ashtLmlfltealeofoeyicccafn,vmhairidcDsietnkieaeirmonigkddluale.'.sth 3DSiw4o3i(hAncSr:4ie5tabuhah:ch2rm?enihan,cd7arhechtunmiahSJseldmeehiamotocerc.no'nocoTsoehwbmmhfrereaaamtaemshpnrspurea'dumsuyntlnohtisetDaifwiyuassriDbnhnamessitsmaanoaetht.anoeyqh.hHsnuawbt)taetore.eesmn(oklahatlkoiehcelslrtaihxownwvpduegaeeirrafsccftisnaehentafrneoaloetuwndifSnoebtnhinirnlnlayecetfe:pechlsulJidhaesgeaetidihnnbcmHitgloshieaaibbetsmfleooyrip.ssonrc)eSrasoSrehlcspnhoxeoornewcoucnecephl.hdcteeeoHetdrmaimniasmsrgcr'tavssathointrbwoeatrghleinaahecehdgterraefiiensomnvd.rgteo

9780310438335_int_01a_gen_exod_NIV_ZSB_SIXTH PROOFS.indd 17

9780310423/2873/3155_in9t:_0081Aa_Mgen_exod_NIV_ZSB_SIXTH PROOFS.indd 83

2/27/15 9:09 AM

Maps, charts, illustrations, photos: Where did this happen? What else was going on during this time? The easyto-use maps and charts will shed light on the Bible, its places, and its times. Illustrations and photos provide images that will enrich your experience with God's Word and give you rich insight to aid your study, for example, by demonstrating or illustrating the many events in the Bible that are anchored in ancient history.

Articles: What does the Bible say about ...? At the end of the Bible is a library of biblical-theological articles covering topics such as "The Bible and Theology," "Law," "The Gospel," and "Justice." Their purpose is to help you trace major biblical themes throughout the canon.

Concordance: A concordance to the New International Version text is located at the back of the Bible. It will help you find the location of words or phrases that are found in the Scripture text.

"All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness, so that the servant of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work" (2 Timothy 3:16?17).

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Quick Start Guide, v

Table of Contents: Maps, ix Charts, xi Illustrations, xiii Articles, xiv

Abbreviations and Transliterations, xv

Acknowledgments, xvi

Editorial Team, xvii

Editor's Preface, xxiii

Preface to the NIV, xxiv

OT Chronology, xxvii

THE OLD TESTAMENT

Introduction to the OT, 3

Introduction to the Pentateuch, 9

Introduction to Genesis, 17

Genesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Introduction to Exodus, 113

Exodus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Introduction to Leviticus, 189

Leviticus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194

Introduction to Numbers, 239

Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246

Introduction to Deuteronomy, 308

Deuteronomy . . . . . . . . . . 317

Introduction to the Historical Books, 373

Introduction to Joshua, 379

Joshua . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384

Introduction to Judges, 423

Judges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433

Introduction to Ruth, 470

Ruth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

Introduction to Esther, 879

Esther . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 883

Introduction to the Wisdom and Lyrical Books, 895

Introduction to Job, 901

Job . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 905

Introduction to Psalms, 968

Psalms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 977

Introduction to Proverbs, 1188

Proverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1194

Introduction to Ecclesiastes, 1259

Ecclesiastes . . . . . . . . . . 1264

Introduction to Song of Songs, 1282

Song of Songs . . . . . . . . 1285

Introduction to the Prophetic Books, 1299

Introduction to Isaiah, 1307

Isaiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1316

Introduction to Jeremiah, 1454

Jeremiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1460

Introduction to Lamentations, 1576

Lamentations . . . . . . . . . 1580

Introduction to 1 Samuel, 483

Introduction to Ezekiel, 1597

1 Samuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491 Ezekiel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1605

Introduction to 2 Samuel, 543

Introduction to Daniel, 1687

2 Samuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 Daniel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1692

Introduction to 1 Kings, 591

Introduction to Hosea, 1717

1 Kings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601 Hosea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1724

Introduction to 2 Kings, 652

Introduction to Joel, 1748

2 Kings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655 Joel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1751

Introduction to 1 Chronicles, 712 Introduction to Amos, 1761

1 Chronicles . . . . . . . . . . . 720 Amos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1765

Introduction to 2 Chronicles, 769 Introduction to Obadiah, 1785

2 Chronicles . . . . . . . . . . . 772 Obadiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1788

Introduction to Ezra, 826

Introduction to Jonah, 1792

Ezra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830 Jonah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1795

Introduction to Nehemiah, 850

Introduction to Micah, 1800

Nehemiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854 Micah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1804

viii | Table of Contents

Introduction to Nahum, 1820

Introduction to 2 Corinthians, 2358

Nahum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1823 2 Corinthians . . . . . . . . . 2362

Introduction to Habakkuk, 1830

Introduction to Galatians, 2380

Habakkuk . . . . . . . . . . . . 1832 Galatians . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2383

Introduction to Zephaniah, 1839

Introduction to Ephesians, 2394

Zephaniah . . . . . . . . . . . . 1842 Ephesians . . . . . . . . . . . . 2399

Introduction to Haggai, 1851

Introduction to Philippians, 2412

Haggai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1853 Philippians . . . . . . . . . . . 2415

Introduction to Zechariah, 1857

Introduction to Colossians, 2424

Zechariah . . . . . . . . . . . . 1861 Colossians . . . . . . . . . . . 2427

Introduction to Malachi, 1880

Introduction to 1 Thessalonians, 2436

Malachi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1884 1 Thessalonians . . . . . . 2439

From Malachi to Christ, 1892 The Time Between

the Testaments, 1893 NT Chronology, 1905

THE NEW TESTAMENT

Introduction to 2 Thessalonians, 2447

2 Thessalonians . . . . . . 2450

Introduction to 1 Timothy, 2455

1 Timothy . . . . . . . . . . . . 2459

Introduction to 2 Timothy, 2470

2 Timothy . . . . . . . . . . . . 2472

Introduction to the NT, 1909

Introduction to the Gospels and Acts, 1915

Introduction to Matthew, 1921

Matthew . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1926

Introduction to Mark, 1999

Mark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2005

Introduction to Luke, 2060

Luke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2066

Introduction to John, 2140

John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2146

Harmony of the Gospels, 2200

Introduction to Acts, 2207

Acts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2215

Introduction to the Letters and Revelation, 2281

Introduction to Romans, 2287

Romans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2291

Introduction to 1 Corinthians, 2324

1 Corinthians . . . . . . . . . 2328

Introduction to Titus, 2479

Titus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2481

Introduction to Philemon, 2485

Philemon . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2486

Introduction to Hebrews, 2489

Hebrews . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2493

Introduction to James, 2523

James . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2526

Introduction to 1 Peter, 2535

1 Peter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2539

Introduction to 2 Peter, 2549

2 Peter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2552

Introduction to 1?3 John, 2558

1 John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2562 2 John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2571 3 John . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2573

Introduction to Jude, 2575

Jude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2577

Introduction to Revelation, 2580

Revelation . . . . . . . . . . . . 2588

Table of Weights and Measures, 2627

Articles, 2629

Concordance, 2697

Index to Maps at the end of the Bible, 2857

Maps at the end of the Bible, 2863

Table of Contents | ix

MAPS

LOCATION TITLE Introduction to the

Pentateuch Locations in the Pentateuch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Genesis Setting of Genesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Abram's Travels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Jacob's Journeys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 Region of Goshen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

Exodus Midian With Traditional Site of Mount Sinai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Possible Route of the Exodus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Numbers Exodus and Wilderness Wanderings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 Deuteronomy The Battles of Sihon and Og . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

Joshua Conquest of Canaan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 Northern Campaign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402 Dividing the Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412

Judges The Judges of Israel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424 Five Cities of the Philistines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435

Ruth The Book of Ruth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 1 Samuel The Books of Samuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 2 Samuel David Among the Philistines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546 The City of the Jebusites/David's Jerusalem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553 David's Wars of Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 Map of Limits of Israel Proper in Which Joab Conducted a Census for David . . . . . 589

1 Kings Israel Under David and Solomon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 592 Solomon's Adversaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626

2 Kings Elijah's Ministry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657 Israel and Its Neighbors at the Time of Jehu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671 Amaziah King of Judah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681 Jeroboam's Expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682 Exile of the Northern Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 687 Assyrian Campaigns Against Israel and Judah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692?693 Nebuchadnezzar's Campaigns Against Judah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708?709

2 Chronicles Province of Yehud (Judah) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 771 Ezra Persian Provinces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 828

Return From Exile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831 Nehemiah Jerusalem of the Returning Exiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856 Esther Persian Empire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880 Job Possible Locations of Uz (Hauran and Edom) and Region of the Chaldeans

(Saba and Baby lon) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902 Song of Songs Places Mentioned in Song of Songs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1283 Isaiah Nations and Cities Mentioned in Isaiah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1310

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