Adult Day Center



Adult Day Center

Group members: Brittany Chavis, Criptal Graham, Leigh Smith, Chaqulla Woods Delphine Little

The University of North Carolina at Pembroke

Adult Day Center

The Elder Resource Center’s Adult Day Center located in Lumberton North Carolina is a comprehensive care center for elderly adults. Adult day center provides an organized program of services during the day in a community group setting for the purpose of supporting the personal independence of older adults and promoting their social, physical, and emotional well-being. Programs must offer a variety of activities designed to meet the individual needs and interests of the participants, including referral to and assistance in using other community resources. It will provide services to the surrounding areas including: Bladen, Scotland, Hoke, Robeson, Cumberland, and Richmond County (History of Lumberton, 2011).

Define the Community

The county we second person are observing is Robeson County. Lumberton is a city in Robeson County. It is also a very diverse community. Among the community members you will find a variety of ethnic groups. Next are the shopping areas.- incomplete sentence Lumberton has a hospital, mall, Walmart Super-Center, Sam’s, several grocery stores, convience misspelled stores, restaurants, several churches, a community college, jail/prison, courthouse, nursing homes, home-health centers, banks, and much more. Among all the nursing homes available in Lumberton, there are 808 people living in the homes.

Economic Characteristics

There are many jobs available in Lumberton. – not a supported statement People are employed at restaurants, hospitals, courthouse, beauty shops, and government/state jobs; such as DSS, Health Department, Police Station, and Schools. There is an unemployment office located in Lumberton. It provides services to anyone seeking help daily. There are billboards advertised throughout the city, including hospital, gas stations, jobs, lottery, and more.

Social Characteristics

People in the community are friendly to others. There are high income communities; such as The Oaks, and Mayfair. The community also has affordable housing located both within and out of the city limits. There are low-income housing options including homes and apartment complexes within Lumberton. Based on our observation, there are dozens of homes for sale or rent. Houses are always for sale in Lumberton. Lumberton has Recreational Centers throughout the town. They are centers for parties, playgrounds, sports, clubs, and more (History of Lumberton, 2011).

Political Characteristics

The roads in Lumberton are fairly good. The new 74 which runs through Lumberton has recently been modified. There is a local library and everyone is welcome to attend. The schools in the community are daycares, head starts, preschools, elementary, middle, and high schools. There is a private school which is Riverside Academy. Lumberton also has a Community College; Robeson Community College.

History of Community

Lumberton, located in southern North Carolina's Inner Banks region, is located on the Lumber River. Founded in 1787 by John Willis, an officer in the American Revolution, Lumberton was originally a shipping point for lumber used by the Navy, which was sent downriver to Georgetown, South Carolina. Most of the town's growth, however, began shortly after World War II (History of Lumberton, 2011).

Demographic Profile for Lumberton

This rural community has many different races and ethnic origins. According to the United States Census report the population of Lumberton is approximately 19,959 people. The community has declined in population since the year 2000 (Population Growth & Statistics, 2010).

The population was 20,795 at the 2000 census. The median age for Lumberton is 33.50. The following information is the population by age among elderly adults in the community ages 55-64 is 2,089, ages 65-74 is 1,199, ages 75-84 is 759 and 85+ is 363. The data from the U.S. census on one race populations are Caucasians with a total of 6,934, African Americans total 5,180, American Indians with a total of 4,507 and other population totaling 3,338 (Population Growth & Statistics, 2010).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 15.8 square miles (40.9 km2); of which 15.7 square miles (40.7 km2) are land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km2) (0.44%) is water. This population of people and community has been labeled as a poverty stricken area. As reported by the U.S. Census the poverty status in the past 12 months that are below the poverty level are 44.9% of the population. Therefore the remaining 55.1% of the population were above the poverty level during the past 12 months (U.S Census Bureau, 2009).

In Lumberton there are Grandparents living with their grandchildren who are under 18 years of age who are living in poverty conditions. It is estimated that 622 Grandparents live with their grandchildren in their household. According to the U.S. Census some of the elderly in the households receive Supplemental Security Income (SSI) and/or cash public assistance income in the past 12 months. The housing is divided with 40% being families and 45% being non-family houses and the other 15% were single households with no children or one parent absent (U.S Census Bureau, 2009).

The demographics on types of employment and jobs that are available in Lumberton are private wage or salary pay equaling 78% of the work force. Also, 16% of the job market in Lumberton is Government jobs. Self-employed not incorporated jobs make up a total of 6% of the community’s jobs (U.S Census Bureau, 2009).

The tentative conclusion that could be drawn from the demographic profile of Lumberton is that this rural area could embark upon a far greater decline in social and economic statistics. Based on the low employment opportunities and the population’s sizes the city could have a hard struggle with sustaining during the recession (U.S Census Bureau, 2009).

In addition to the many needs in the community, the elderly population is in need of assistance. A form of service that can be provided for the elderly is Adult Day center. Adult Daycare is a community-based group program designed to meet the needs of adults with the impairments through an individual plan of care. Adult day center can provide adult services during the day in a community group setting in order to promote and support the personal independence of older adults and promoting their social, physical, and emotional well-being. Adults may participate in programs such as therapy, exercise, midday meals, medical supervision, and personal care. Adult Day center Services also may aid in assisting the caregiver of the adult by allowing the family member to retain a job outside their home, have help with the physical part of caring for the loved one. It also may also comfort the family caregiver by avoiding the guilt of putting a parent in a “home”.

Community Problem

Adult Daycare Services is a beneficial service that is in demand of family members who are caregivers for the adult population. One drawback is that this service is an out of pocket expense which may not allow everyone to benefit from this program. Presently the National Adult Day Service Association, NADSA has established the Adult Daycare Achievement Center Enhancement Act. The National Daycare Service Association reported that in 2009, Representative Sanchez including 97 co-sponsors from states plus Guam introduced the Medicare Adult Day Service Bill, advocating that Medicare assist in paying for Adult day center services. Additional support was needed in order to pass the Bill. The Public Policy Committee is working beside the committee, researchers and legislators to edit the Bill so that they can decide the next steps in getting the adult day services in action (NADSA, 2011).

Many states have accepted adult day center services within their Medicaid state plans. The main issue in establishing this service is the inability to pay for this service. Many counties including Robeson, NC are poor counties who have adult citizens that are in need of this service. Many of the adult seniors rely completely on Medicaid and Medicaid to pay for any health services. As reported by city-data, Lumberton is living 35.1% below poverty level (city-data, 2009). City –Data reports the age of adult male and female who are living below poverty as following:

Adult Male Age Adult Female Age

55-64 (18.3%) 55-64 (29.6%)

65-74 (9.5%) 65-74 (13.9%)

75 and older (4.3%) 75 and older (24.2%)

Current Resources and Gaps

Approximately 78% of adult day center centers are funded by nonprofit or public basis and the remaining is 22% are for profit (city-data, 2009).

In the United States there are approximately 4600 Adult Daycare Services. There are 109 in the state of North Carolina and Roberson County has opened one in Lumberton. Approximately 260,000 people benefit from Adult Daycare Services in the United States and the need is steady growing.

The National Adult Daycare Services Association Statistics over-view reports:

* Thirty-five percent of the adult day center care recipients live with an adult child

* 20% with a spouse

* 18% in an institutional setting

* 13% with parents or other relatives, while 11 % live alone

* 52% of the adult day center recipients using adult day services centers nationwide have some cognitive impairments.

* The average age of the adult day center care recipient is 72

* 2/3 of all adult day center care recipients are women

* Daily fees for adults day services vary depending upon the services provided. The national average rate for adult day centers is $61 per day (included 8-10 hours on average) compared to an average rate for home health aides of $19 per hour.

* Funding for adult day services comes from fees for services and third party payers, as well as public and philanthropic sources.

* The average capacity of adult day centers is 40

* The average adult day center care recipient to staff ratio is 6:1

* There are more than 4,600 adult day services centers across the U.S.-a 35% increase since 2002.

* More than 260,000 participants and family caregivers are serviced-an increase of over 100,000, or 63%, since 2002

Available Resources in Robeson County

Government Units Social Service Agencies Civic Groups Home Health Private Sector Care

Health Clinic Robeson County Department of Social Service Kiwanis Club Wesley Pines Retirement

Social Security Robeson County Mental Health Agency Moose Lodge Community

Vocational Rehabilitation Disability Planner American Heart Association Woodhaven Nursing

AARP Center for Independent Living American Cancer Society Center

Housing for Seniors Community Home Care & Hospice American Red Cross Beverly Healthcare

Age Discrimination in Office of Aging Veterans of Foreign War Link haw Place

Employment Act Senior In-Home Care American Legion

Medicare Senior In-Home Health Care-Including Alliance for the Mentally Ill

Medicaid Medical Needs Rotary Club

Veterans Health Administration Senior Home Repair and Maintenance Masonic Lodge

Social Security Geriatric Care Consultant VFW Post

Personal Emergency Response System Eastern Star

Senior Housing

Even though there are numerous resources for the elders in Robeson County, many of these resources also service the entire population of people. Because of the poverty in Robeson County many of the resources have become blocked resources; meaning when the funds are depleted then there becomes a waiting list. The Elder population is in need of several resources and needs a wide variety of programs and support services throughout the community. Social workers need to understand that the elderly population is at risk and it is imperative that we second person gain the knowledge and practice experience to address their individual needs as a unique population.

The community needs assessment requires us to implement several of the social work skills and values we have learned in class such as time management, organization and practicing cultural competence. Throughout our community needs assessment, it involved interviewing and Survey individuals in the community. The questions were very descriptive questions to allow the interviewee’s to answer how they felt. Overall, through our research we discovered an elderly day center is needed in the town of Lumberton to address the growing needs of the elderly population in Robeson County. While talking to the interviewee’s we were able to see the needs in the community for these elders and a way this day center can be helpful to families with senior citizens. Since older individuals need more help throughout the day, the elder day center will benefit families that have elder loved ones in the home.

The interviews included three different individuals in the community that are caretakers or have experience with elders. Why were interviews conducted? The first interviewee was Martha Lou Smith. She has been a resident in Robeson County for the past 40 years. She has been a caretaker for elders in the community for awhile. She has experienced the use of nursing homes while dealing with dealing with? This sounds a little harsh her own mother. The second interviewee is Linda Chavis. She has too help elders in the community and been a part of her grandmothers life when she was sick and passed away. Linda Chavis has had a bad experience with nursing homes around the area, and seems to think this day center center will be a better place for elders to attend daily. Third, is Lacy Richardson which is well known and has a lot of elder friends. He has been a part of the community for years and is involved in different organizations that consist of the elder population. Personal communication citation? While interviewing these three individuals, it was obvious that the need for this Day center Center and the possibilities for elders to actually attend this Center is important. However, cost was thought to be an issue. This Elder day center Center does not allow I don’t think it is that the Center does not allow it. I think it is not covered by the payers (Medicare and Medicaid) elders to pay with Medicare or Medicaid. It is a privately own facility which can be a little pricy. – think about your audience here…the words used could be more professional; how does this sound to the staff at the Center. The same point can be made using different words.

The Department of Social Services is where surveys were passed out to people as they all walked in. The surveys involved short simple questions about elders and the needs for Adult Day center Services in the community. Cost was also issue that was found after looking through the surveys. Most people think it is a good idea to include Medicaid and Medicare. The privately owned facility may become too much for elders to afford. It appears that cost is the primary barrier to these lower income participants. Like stated in part three, “As reported by the city data, Lumberton is living 35.1% below the poverty level (city-data, 2009). The town of Lumberton in Robeson County is known to be the poorest county in North Carolina. Elders may have trouble affording this service available to them. Overall, Adult Day center Services are needed; however, it is not a service most people would be using daily.

In Robeson County, there are about thirty-four homes that are available for elders. These include rest homes, retirement homes, senior assistance, and family care facilities. Throughout Robeson county people are able to see the Medicare star ratings and the price range per month (Drew Stevenson, 2011).

F1

This is a pie chart is based on the survey’s be passed out in the community. These are the results that we second person retrieved from the individuals that walked in the Department of Social Services in Lumberton.

This next chart is based on the elders in the community and there living arrangements throughout Lumberton. From this chart most elders living with their adult children, with their spouse, or other relatives. There are a small percentage of elders that live alone. This Elder Day center facility is overall, very beneficial to most elders and will help with inconveniences throughout the weeks.

F2

Studies show that Robeson County is known to be the poorest county in North Carolina for health care needs. One thing that the Elder day center is offering is transportation needs. They have two buses and will be able to pick up and drop off elders from this day center on a daily basis. Another thing Robeson County is looking to receive is a sixth route transportation.

Overall, this Elder Day Center is going to be very beneficial to senior citizen in the community. A lot of elders today have not adequately prepared for long term care. Elders are living longer today and this program will help families and caretakers with the needs and wants they have throughout the rest of their lives.

Strengths

After careful consideration and gathering of all of the information, we feel that and elder day center is essential to meet the needs of the growing elderly population of Robeson County. Adult Daycare provides a number of benefits to elders and their caregivers. Advantages of Adult day center Centers according to Johnson and Johnson (2006-2011) services are the programs provide daily living services, curriculum provides a daily nutritious meals, social activity. There is medical supervision at the Adult Daycare center throughout the day. Respite care that is provided to the caregivers. (Johnson & Johnson 2006-2011).

Weakness/community social problem

One most significant weakness is that the Adult Daycare Center located in Robeson County is a private pay organization; which means that it is an out of pocket expense. As it has already been stated a numerous of times before, Robeson county and many other counties in North Carolina are known as the poor counties. There are many adult citizens in Robeson County that are in need of this type of service. However, a countless number of the adult seniors in Robeson County rely completely on Medicaid and Medicare to pay for any health services. For that reason there is a good chance that many of the elders who need and want to be a participant of this type of program, would not be able to because of financial reasons.

The partner agency /sufficient resources

The Adult Daycare agency is the first and only Senior Daycare Service that is offered in Lumberton North Carolina. It is that it is a comprehensive care center for elderly adults; it will present a fun, enjoyable and sociable environment for our elderly population. According to The Elite Adult Day Health Center handouts (2011), the agency goal is to provide “one-stop” high quality comprehensive therapeutic community based healthcare; education, counseling and support services; and stimulating physical fitness, mental fitness and social networking program. The program was created mainly for the elderly population, but also to help out the younger generation that has to take of an elderly family member. The Adult Day Center will allow the younger generation that is taking care of an elderly family member to still contain an opportunity to enclose a job or go to school doing the day, and also get physical help with caring for their elderly relatives. I think it would be better to end the paper here and take the paragraph below out.

On the other hand, Robeson County does have a variety of good resources that is accessible to the elderly population; for instance Government units, social services agencies, civic groups and so forth. However, the researcher trusts that if the Adult Day Center funds would not be only private care; but allow their clients to pay with Medicaid or Medicare their would be more clients able to attend the Center. This is not accurate from my understanding the payers do not cover the service. Overall, Lumberton is a small town with friendly people. Lumberton would benefit from the Adult Day Center.

Reference:

Adult Day center (November 4, 2011). North Carolina Division of Aging and Adult Services. Retrieved from

City-data (2011) Retrieved from acts.html

Design, Anne C., (2001). SHINE: Serving Health Information Needed of Elders. Franklin County Home Care Corporation Helping Elders and Caregivers live better lives. Retrieved from

Elite Adult Day Health Care Center Handout. Keeping Our Seniors UP-OUT… And

Moving About. (2011).

History of Lumberton ( 2011). Retrieved from City of Lumberton.



Kirst-Ashman, K.K. & Hull Jr., G.H, (2009). Understanding Neighborhoods and Communities, Generalist Practice with Organizations and Communities (5th edition) (281-321). Brooks/Cole: Cengage Learning.

Population Growth and Statistics. (2010). Lumberton Population Growth and Statistics.

Retrieved from

Robeson County, North Carolina (2003-2010). City-Data. Retrieved from



Stevenson, Drew. (2011). Assisting you and your aging Parents, Lumberton, North

Carolina Care Providers. Our Parents. Retrieved from

Strength for caring a place for caregivers (2011) Retrieved from http: //strength for housing/adult-day-care/overview

The National Voice for the Adult Day Service Community (2001). Retrieved from



The U.S. Government’s Official Web Portal (2011). Retrieved from



North Carolina Senior Homes (2011). Retrieved from

Carolina.

U.S. Census Bureau. (2009) Retrieved from

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