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APPENDIX 2-6. Chlorpyrifos Species Sensitivity Distribution Analysis for FishSSDs were fit to toxicity data for freshwater and saltwater fish exposed to chlorpyrifos. Five distributions were tested and a variety of methods were used to determine whether different subsets of data should be modeled independently. These results support separating the data into SSDs for freshwater vertebrates and saltwater fish and if modeling fish only, the recommended thresholds are for freshwater fish and saltwater fish. Table B 2-6.1 provides a summary of the results. Table B 2-6.1. Summary statistics for SSDs fit to chlorpyrifos test resultsStatisticAllVertebr.FWVertebr.AllFishFWFishSWFishBest Distribution (by AICc)triangulartriangulartriangulartriangulargumbelGoodness of fit P-value0.940.810.920.830.51CV of the HC050.750.820.790.980.66HC051.696.401.445.940.79HC103.4111.722.7810.541.11HC5065.49149.9644.41118.345.28HC901257.01919.3710.01328.761.0HC952531.53511.51369.22356.8155.4Mortality Thresh.1 (slope = 3.7)0.0880.3330.0750.3090.041Indirect Effects Threshold1 (slope = 3.7)0.7632.8850.6492.6770.3551Slope of dose-response curve = 3.7, from BluegillI. DataData used in this analysis were received February 11, 2015 (file: FISH LC50 for SSD 2-8.xlsx), and are detailed in Tables B 2-6.21 and 22 (end of document). Table B 2-6.2 provides the distribution of the test results for chlorpyrifos including the number of species represented. Table B 2-6.2. Distribution of test results available for chlorpyrifosData SubsetTest resultsSpeciesAll9133Freshwater Vertebrates5523All Fish18428Freshwater Fish4818Saltwater Fish3611Aquatic Amphibians751Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, was tested in both fresh and saltwater.Figure B 2-6.1 shows the distribution of test results among species, indicating that a few species have been repeatedly tested (four species have been tested at least 7 times each), but the majority of species have been tested six or fewer times, with 17 species having only one test result. Figure B 2-6.1. Distribution of the number of test results per species in Chlorpyrifos aquatic vertebrate dataFive potential distributions for the chlorpyrifos data were considered, including log-normal, log-logistic, log-triangular, log-gumbel, and Burr. To fit each of the first four distributions, the toxicity values were first common log (log10) transformed. Finally, direct and indirect effect thresholds and five quantiles from the fitted SSDs (HC05, HC10, HC50, HC90, HC95) were calculated and reported.II. Comparison of distributions using AICcAkaike’s Information Criterion corrected for sample size (AICc ) was used to compare the five distributions for all six datasets (there are six datasets in this section because an analysis of amphibian data was initially included). For these comparisons all SSDs were fit using maximum likelihood. For all of the datasets (except saltwater fish), AICc suggested that the triangular distribution provided the best fit (Tables B 2-6.3, 4, 5, 6, and 8). For saltwater fish, AICc suggested that the gumbel distribution provided the best fit (Table B 2-6.7). Table B 2-6.3. Comparison of distributions for all aquatic vertebrate toxicity data for chlorpyrifosdistributionAICc?AICcWeightHC05triangular420.90.000.711.69normal423.72.800.181.01gumbel425.95.040.061.47logistic426.85.930.040.73burr428.47.480.021.46Table B 2-6.4. Comparison of distributions for freshwater vertebrate toxicity data for chlorpyrifosdistributionAICc?AICcWeightHC05triangular332.30.000.576.40normal334.11.860.226.15logistic335.22.930.135.95burr337.14.810.053.44gumbel338.66.350.026.51Table B 2-6.5. Comparison of distributions for pooled fish toxicity data for chlorpyrifosdistributionAICc?AICcWeightHC05triangular337.30.000.631.44normal339.62.270.200.84gumbel341.03.630.101.25logistic342.85.460.040.56burr343.56.210.031.25Table B 2-6.6. Comparison of distributions for freshwater fish toxicity data for chlorpyrifosdistributionAICc?AICcWeightHC05triangular251.50.000.435.94normal252.61.140.245.65burr253.51.990.162.08logistic253.62.110.155.79gumbel257.05.520.035.50Table B 2-6.7. Comparison of distributions for saltwater fish toxicity data for chlorpyrifosdistributionAICc?AICcWeightHC05gumbel93.60.000.650.79triangular97.43.780.100.31burr97.63.950.090.79normal97.74.050.090.28logistic97.94.300.080.19Table B 2-6.8. Comparison of distributions for aquatic amphibian toxicity data for chlorpyrifosdistributionAICc?AICcWeightHC05triangular89.90.000.3314.69normal90.40.540.2512.28gumbel90.70.810.2217.20logistic91.01.080.198.44burr110.720.810.0017.20III. Test for the need to model results separately by medium or vertebrate classDetermination of appropriate subsets of data for SSD fitting is difficult and the recommendation here is to use multiple parameters to make the determination. In particular, the question of whether to model saltwater fish test results separately from freshwater test results and the question of whether to model amphibians separate from other freshwater results are examined (Note: in the end amphibians were not included in SSD’s and the lowest LD50 was used to derive a threshold). In the first case, examination of the cumulative distribution functions plotted on similar axes for all vertebrates (compared to separately modeling freshwater vertebrates and saltwater fish) lends support to modeling the datasets separately. The 95% bootstrap confidence intervals for the separate distributions do not overlap except at the extreme tails (Figure B 2-6.2). The confidence limits on the HC05 for both separate distributions are relatively precise, with the upper confidence limit falling at the 15th and 18th percentile, respectively (Tables B 2-6.9 and 10). Also, in both cases the CV of the HC05 is below 1.In the second case, examination of the cumulative distribution functions plotted on similar axes for freshwater vertebrates (compared to separately modeling freshwater fish versus amphibians) does not support modeling the datasets separately. The 95% bootstraps confidence limits in both cases encompass the distribution for pooled freshwater vertebrates (Figure B 2-6.3). For the amphibian distribution, the 95% confidence limit on the HC05 extends to the 48th percentile of the fitted distribution. Also, for amphibians, the CV of the HC05, when the amphibian data are modeled separately is greater, than 5, indicating substantial uncertainty.Taken together, these analyses perhaps tip the scales in favor of separating saltwater fish from other freshwater vertebrates, and also modeling amphibians with other freshwater vertebrates (if a SSD approach is used). Figure B 2-6.2. SSDs for freshwater (log-normal), saltwater (log-triangular), and combined (log-normal) vertebrate LC50s for Chlorpyrifos. [Red lines show the upper and lower confidence interval for freshwater vertebrates. Blue lines show the upper and lower confidence interval for saltwater vertebrates] Figure B 2-6.3. SSDs for freshwater vertebrates (log-normal), saltwater vertebrates (log-gumbel), and amphibian (log-triangular) LC50s for Chlorpyrifos. [Red lines show the upper and lower confidence interval for freshwater fish. Blue lines show the upper and lower confidence interval for amphibians] IV. Goodness-of-fitPlots of the cumulative distribution functions for the best-fit distributions (as determined by AICc) suggest little evidence of lack-of-fit (Figs. B 2-6.4, 5, 6, 7 and 8). Similarly, bootstrap goodness-of-fit tests did not show evidence for lack-of-fit (P-values > 0.05, Tables B 2-6.9, 10, 11, 12 and 13), with the exception of the Burr distribution, which frequently showed significant lack-of-fit. In general, the coefficient of variation for the HC05 was below 1 for the competitive distributions. Figure B 2-6.4. Log-triangular SSD for chlorpyrifos toxicity values for all aquatic vertebrates pooled. Black points indicate single toxicity values. Red points indicate average of multiple toxicity values for a single species. Blue line indicates full range of toxicity values for a given taxon. Figure B 2-6.5. Log-triangular SSD for chlorpyrifos toxicity values for freshwater aquatic vertebrates pooled. Black points indicate single toxicity values. Red points indicate average of multiple toxicity values. Blue line indicates full range of toxicity values for a given species.Figure B 2-6.6. Log-triangular SSD for chlorpyrifos LC50s for all fish. Black points indicate single toxicity values. Red points indicate average of multiple toxicity values for a single species. Blue line indicates full range of toxicity values for a given species.Figure B 2-6.7. Log-triangular SSD for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for freshwater fish. Red points indicate single toxicity values. Black points indicate average of multiple toxicity values for a single species. Blue line indicates full range of toxicity values for a given species.Figure B 2-6.8. Log-gumbel SSD for chlorpyrifos LC50s for saltwater fish. Black points indicate single toxicity values. Red points indicate average of multiple toxicity values for a single species. Blue line indicates full range of toxicity values for a given species.Table B 2-6.9. Range of HC05 values for Chlorpyrifos SSDs for all aquatic vertebratesdistributionmethodHC05SECVLCxUCxLCpUCpPnormalML1.010.990.980.033.900.000.140.77normalMO0.950.920.960.273.500.020.130.77normalGR0.670.540.800.112.150.010.110.61logisticML0.730.901.240.173.390.020.130.74logisticMO1.001.031.030.224.240.020.130.83logisticGR0.590.520.880.051.940.010.100.65triangularML1.691.270.750.925.680.020.150.94triangularMO0.880.800.900.273.130.010.140.65triangularGR0.720.590.820.172.320.000.120.56gumbelML1.470.830.560.603.770.010.140.83gumbelMO2.211.220.550.845.520.010.150.98gumbelGR1.600.850.530.343.480.000.120.86burrML1.460.850.580.633.900.010.150.00ML=maximum likelihood, MO= moment estimators, and GR=graphical methodsLCp and UCp=projections of the confidence limits of the HC05 (LCx and UCx) onto the cumulative distribution function of the fitted distribution.Table B 2-6.10. Range of HC05 values for Chlorpyrifos SSDs for freshwater vertebratesdistributionmethodHC05SECVLCxUCxLCpUCpPnormalML6.155.760.940.9023.180.000.170.61normalMO5.715.080.891.7220.610.010.160.58normalGR3.973.220.810.6012.540.010.130.42logisticML5.956.421.081.4824.210.020.150.54logisticMO5.975.910.991.3422.950.010.150.54logisticGR3.463.070.890.2811.150.010.110.35triangularML6.405.230.823.4022.840.020.180.81triangularMO5.384.500.841.7618.620.000.160.66triangularGR4.303.360.781.0413.150.000.140.51gumbelML6.514.180.642.9018.820.010.170.79gumbelMO11.346.340.564.3429.080.000.190.98gumbelGR8.134.300.531.5818.260.000.150.88burrML3.448.972.610.3131.610.010.180.69ML=maximum likelihood, MO= moment estimators, and GR=graphical methodsLCp and UCp=projections of the confidence limits of the HC05 (LCx and UCx) onto the cumulative distribution function of the fitted distribution.Table B 2-6.11. Range of HC05 values for Chlorpyrifos SSDs for all fish pooleddistributionmethodHC05SECVLCxUCxLCpUCpPnormalML0.840.861.030.113.380.010.150.74normalMO0.780.781.000.203.070.010.140.74normalGR0.540.470.870.071.750.010.120.58logisticML0.560.811.450.112.980.020.140.70logisticMO0.820.911.110.173.600.020.140.80logisticGR0.470.440.930.031.600.010.110.62triangularML1.441.130.790.774.960.020.160.92triangularMO0.730.680.940.212.680.010.140.63triangularGR0.580.520.900.121.960.000.130.52gumbelML1.250.800.640.483.620.010.160.79gumbelMO1.761.100.620.664.860.010.170.94gumbelGR1.240.680.550.232.810.000.130.77burrML1.250.740.590.523.310.010.150.00ML=maximum likelihood, MO= moment estimators, and GR=graphical methodsLCp and UCp=projections of the confidence limits of the HC05 (LCx and UCx) onto the cumulative distribution function of the fitted distribution.Table B 2-6.12. Range of HC05 values for Chlorpyrifos SSDs for freshwater fishdistributionmethodHC05SECVLCxUCxLCpUCpPnormalML5.655.921.050.8923.910.000.190.67normalMO5.165.401.051.2820.430.010.170.63normalGR3.393.320.980.3811.580.000.140.45logisticML5.796.991.211.3026.610.010.170.61logisticMO5.386.471.201.0525.220.010.180.61logisticGR2.902.840.980.159.990.010.120.39triangularML5.945.840.983.0424.410.010.200.83triangularMO4.874.780.981.4518.340.000.180.67triangularGR3.734.131.110.6713.620.000.160.50gumbelML5.504.510.822.2118.510.010.200.76gumbelMO9.976.120.613.9027.590.000.220.98gumbelGR6.854.110.601.1116.270.000.160.85burrML2.0810.505.050.0138.020.000.220.82ML=maximum likelihood, MO= moment estimators, and GR=graphical methodsLCp and UCp=projections of the confidence limits of the HC05 (LCx and UCx) onto the cumulative distribution function of the fitted distribution.Table B 2-6.13. Range of HC05 values for Chlorpyrifos SSDs for saltwater fishdistributionmethodHC05SECVLCxUCxLCpUCpPnormalML0.280.592.090.042.050.010.250.36normalMO0.240.512.110.041.810.010.240.34normalGR0.120.262.080.000.820.000.180.29logisticML0.190.412.140.031.470.010.240.20logisticMO0.250.562.220.021.920.010.230.38logisticGR0.100.202.020.000.630.000.150.28triangularML0.310.722.300.122.500.010.280.41triangularMO0.230.482.130.041.590.000.240.32triangularGR0.140.322.230.010.930.000.200.30gumbelML0.790.520.660.352.310.000.270.51gumbelMO0.500.521.060.132.050.000.280.35gumbelGR0.280.311.110.021.050.000.200.24burrML0.790.550.700.002.310.000.270.01ML=maximum likelihood, MO= moment estimators, and GR=graphical methodsLCp and UCp=projections of the confidence limits of the HC05 (LCx and UCx) onto the cumulative distribution function of the fitted distribution.V. Calculation of other quantilesTables B 2-6.14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 provide estimates of the HC05 as well as other quantiles of the fitted SSDs.Table B 2-6.14. Estimated quantiles of the fitted SSDs for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for all aquatic vertebratesdistributionmethodHC05HC10HC50HC90HC95normalML1.012.4656.751308.23184.1normalMO0.952.3556.751373.43389.2normalGR0.671.8056.751794.24776.1logisticML0.732.2259.481590.34861.8logisticMO1.002.7956.751153.63212.8logisticGR0.591.8956.751704.65421.6triangularML1.693.4165.491257.02531.5triangularMO0.881.9656.751644.73652.1triangularGR0.721.6756.751931.34455.0gumbelML1.472.6337.562440.112024.0gumbelMO2.213.6837.721454.25870.6gumbelGR1.602.8438.972373.111408.0burrML1.462.6337.632429.511933.0Table B 2-6.15. Estimated quantiles of the fitted SSDs for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for freshwater aquatic vertebratesdistributionmethodHC05HC10HC50HC90HC95normalML6.1512.59158.221987.84073.4normalMO5.7111.90158.222104.14381.9normalGR3.978.95158.222796.86313.6logisticML5.9514.06175.902200.95197.2logisticMO5.9713.71158.221826.24195.7logisticGR3.469.13158.222741.07230.0triangularML6.4011.72149.961919.33511.5triangularMO5.3810.28158.222435.84655.9triangularGR4.308.58158.222918.25821.9gumbelML6.5110.96118.394954.220635.0gumbelMO11.3417.15113.552204.26845.6gumbelGR8.1313.14117.753676.013689.0burrML3.4411.09205.481652.53098.5Table B 2-6.16. Estimated quantiles of the fitted SSDs for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for all fishdistributionmethodHC05HC10HC50HC90HC95normalML0.841.9740.70839.01978.4normalMO0.781.8740.70886.92124.6normalGR0.541.3940.701188.33092.5logisticML0.561.6742.041060.93180.1logisticMO0.822.2140.70749.22017.5logisticGR0.471.4540.701143.43555.0triangularML1.442.7844.41710.01369.2triangularMO0.731.5740.701055.82283.7triangularGR0.581.3140.701264.42854.2gumbelML1.252.1827.011403.76351.0gumbelMO1.762.8927.42937.33614.2gumbelGR1.242.1828.431594.47426.9burrML1.252.1827.151368.56102.2Table B 2-6.17. Estimated quantiles of the fitted SSDs for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for freshwater fishdistributionmethodHC05HC10HC50HC90HC95normalML5.6511.20125.401404.02784.5normalMO5.1610.44125.401505.83046.3normalGR3.397.52125.402090.34640.8logisticML5.7913.23149.871698.03876.7logisticMO5.3811.97125.401314.22921.9logisticGR2.907.55125.402083.75418.6triangularML5.9410.54118.341328.72356.8triangularMO4.879.07125.401733.13229.1triangularGR3.737.31125.402151.14218.5gumbelML5.509.1895.253739.915203.0gumbelMO9.9714.8491.191574.54676.1gumbelGR6.8510.9995.192817.910283.0burrML2.088.24205.49988.01432.1Table B 2-6.18. Estimated quantiles of the fitted SSDs for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for saltwater fishdistributionmethodHC05HC10HC50HC90HC95normalML0.280.597.91105.4219.7normalMO0.240.527.91119.6258.4normalGR0.120.317.91200.2500.4logisticML0.190.455.5568.1159.7logisticMO0.250.617.91103.1246.9logisticGR0.100.307.91208.1632.9triangularML0.310.598.40119.8224.9triangularMO0.230.457.91139.5275.3triangularGR0.140.317.91200.9432.6gumbelML0.791.115.2861.0155.4gumbelMO0.500.775.58125.6412.7gumbelGR0.280.495.99306.31377.9burrML0.791.115.2861.0155.3VI. Calculation of thresholdsThresholds were calculated using a probit curve with the HC05 as the mean and three different slopes (2, 3.7, and 9). The slope of 3.7 is from a toxicity test with the Bluegill (Slopes of 2 and 9 are selected for bounding-see ATTACHMENT 1-5). Calculated thresholds are provided in Tables B 2-6.19, 20, 21, 22 and 23Table B 2-6.19. Thresholds for determination of action area for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for all aquatic vertebratesdistributionmethodMortality Threshold (10-6)Indirect Effects Threshold (10-1)slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9normalML0.0530.0040.3000.4560.2310.729normalMO0.0490.0040.2820.4280.2170.685normalGR0.0350.0030.2000.3040.1540.486logisticML0.0380.0030.2160.3280.1660.524logisticMO0.0520.0040.2970.4520.2290.722logisticGR0.0310.0030.1760.2680.1360.428triangularML0.0880.0070.5020.7630.3881.221triangularMO0.0460.0040.2610.3970.2020.635triangularGR0.0380.0030.2140.3260.1650.521gumbelML0.0760.0060.4350.6610.3351.057gumbelMO0.1150.0090.6550.9950.5051.592gumbelGR0.0830.0070.4740.7210.3661.153burrML0.0760.0060.4340.6590.3351.055Table B 2-6.20. Thresholds for determination of action area for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for freshwater aquatic vertebratesdistributionmethodMortality Threshold (10-6)Indirect Effects Threshold (10-1)slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9normalML0.3190.0261.8212.7681.4054.428normalMO0.2970.0241.6932.5731.3064.116normalGR0.2060.0171.1751.7860.9072.857logisticML0.3090.0251.7642.6821.3614.289logisticMO0.3100.0251.7682.6881.3644.299logisticGR0.1800.0151.0261.5600.7922.495triangularML0.3330.0271.8982.8851.4654.614triangularMO0.2790.0231.5942.4221.2303.874triangularGR0.2230.0181.2741.9370.9833.098gumbelML0.3380.0271.9282.9311.4884.688gumbelMO0.5890.0483.3595.1062.5928.166gumbelGR0.4220.0342.4083.6601.8585.854burrML0.1780.0141.0181.5480.7862.475Table B 2-6.21. Mortality and Indirect Thresholds for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for all fishdistributionmethodMortality Threshold (10-6)Indirect Effects Threshold (10-1)slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9normalML0.0440.0040.2480.3770.1910.603normalMO0.0410.0030.2310.3510.1780.562normalGR0.0280.0020.1590.2410.1230.386logisticML0.0290.0020.1650.2500.1270.400logisticMO0.0430.0030.2430.3700.1880.591logisticGR0.0240.0020.1380.2100.1070.336triangularML0.0750.0060.4270.6490.3301.038triangularMO0.0380.0030.2150.3270.1660.523triangularGR0.0300.0020.1720.2610.1330.418gumbelML0.0650.0050.3720.5650.2870.904gumbelMO0.0920.0070.5220.7940.4031.270gumbelGR0.0650.0050.3690.5610.2850.897burrML0.0650.0050.3700.5630.2860.900Table B 2-6.22. Mortality and Indirect Thresholds for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for freshwater fishdistributionmethodMortality Threshold (10-6)Indirect Effects Threshold (10-1)slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9normalML0.2930.0241.6742.5441.2924.069normalMO0.2680.0221.5302.3251.1813.719normalGR0.1760.0141.0041.5260.7752.441logisticML0.3010.0241.7172.6101.3254.174logisticMO0.2790.0231.5952.4241.2313.878logisticGR0.1510.0120.8601.3070.6642.091triangularML0.3090.0251.7612.6771.3594.281triangularMO0.2530.0211.4432.1941.1143.509triangularGR0.1940.0161.1051.6790.8532.686gumbelML0.2860.0231.6302.4781.2583.963gumbelMO0.5180.0422.9554.4912.2807.182gumbelGR0.3550.0292.0293.0841.5654.932burrML0.1080.0090.6160.9360.4751.497Table B 2-6.23. Mortality and Indirect Thresholds for Chlorpyrifos LC50s for saltwater fishdistributionmethodMortality Threshold (10-6)Indirect Effects Threshold (10-1)slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9slope = 3.7slope = 2slope = 9normalML0.0150.0010.0840.1280.0650.205normalMO0.0130.0010.0720.1090.0550.174normalGR0.0070.0010.0370.0560.0290.090logisticML0.0100.0010.0570.0870.0440.139logisticMO0.0130.0010.0750.1140.0580.182logisticGR0.0050.0000.0290.0450.0230.071triangularML0.0160.0010.0930.1410.0720.226triangularMO0.0120.0010.0670.1020.0520.164triangularGR0.0080.0010.0430.0650.0330.104gumbelML0.0410.0030.2340.3550.1800.568gumbelMO0.0260.0020.1470.2240.1140.358gumbelGR0.0150.0010.0830.1270.0640.203burrML0.0410.0030.2330.3540.1800.566Tables B 2-6.21 and 22 provide all of the available LC50 values for fish and amphibians, respectively (within the 96-hour timeframe-unless otherwise noted). These data sets are the same as reported in the effects characterization and provide additional data for the formulated products. Values that were included in the SSD (i.e., TGAI) are marked with an *. Table B 2-6.21. Available median lethal concentration (LC50) data for fish exposed to chlorpyrifos as TGAI or formulationFamilySpeciesCommon NameLC50 (?g/L)1Reference NumberClassificationAtherinopsidaeChirostoma jordaniMesa Silverside0.17 (1d)160182QuantitativeAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside0.37*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside0.46*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside0.46*11868SupplementalClariidaeClarias gariepinusZambezi Barbel0.5121070NAAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside0.83*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside0.92*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion0.92*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion0.92*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion0.92*??11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside0.96*3947SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside1.0*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion1.2*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside1.3*11427SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion1.7*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside1.7*??11868SupplementalCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill1.7*6797 SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside1.7*3947SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside1.7*15639SupplementalCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill1.8*6797SupplementalCyprinodontidaeFundulus grandisGulf Killifish1.8*3947SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside1.8*11868SupplementalCichlidaeTilapia guineensisSpeckled Tilapia2.0*86905NAAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside2.2*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion2.4*11868SupplementalCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill2.4*6797SupplementalAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion2.5*11868SupplementalCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill2.5*6797SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside2.6*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside2.8*11868SupplementalSalmonidaeOncorhynchus mykissRainbow Trout3.0*MRID 95013AcceptableCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill3.3*MRID 95013AcceptableAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside3.4*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside3.8*11868SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia peninsulaeTidewater Silverside3.9*11868SupplementalCyprinodontidaeFundulus similisLongnose Killifish4.1*15639SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia menidiaAtlantic Silverside4.1*11868SupplementalCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill4.2*6797SupplementalAtherinidaeMenidia beryllinaInland Silverside4.2*11427SupplementalGasterosteidaePungitius pungitiusNinespine Stickleback4.7*8107NACichlidaeOreochromis mossambicusMozambique Tilapia4.8*13527NAAtherinidaeLeuresthes tenuisCalifornia Grunion5.1*11868SupplementalPoeciliidaeGambusia yucatanaYucatan Gambusia5.380447NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus clarkiiCutthroat Trout5.4*6797SupplementalMugilidaeMugil cephalusStriped Mullet5.4*15639SupplementalCentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill5.8* MRID 40840904AcceptableSalmonidaeOncorhynchus mykissRainbow Trout7.1*6797SupplementalPoeciliidaePoecilia reticulataGuppy7.272831Supplemental CentrarchidaeLepomis macrochirusBluegill7.23124NACyprinidaeCtenopharyngodon idellaGrass Carp, White Amur7.5159882NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus mykissRainbow Trout8.0*MRID 155781AcceptableCyprinidaeCyprinus carpioCommon Carp887858QuantitativeGasterosteidaeGasterosteus aculeatusThreespine Stickleback8.58107NACichlidaeOreochromis mossambicusMozambique Tilapia10.4303NAPercidaeSander vitreusWalleye13-316 (2d)64958NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus clarkiiCutthroat Trout13.4*6797SupplementalIctaluridaeIctalurus punctatusChannel Catfish13.4*MRID 95013AcceptableSalmonidaeOncorhynchus mykissRainbow Trout15.0*6797SupplementalCyprinodontidaeAphanius iberusSpanish Toothcarp16.7 (3d)57001NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus clarkiiCutthroat Trout18.4*6797SupplementalCichlidaeTilapia zilliiTilapia22.771979NAAdrianichthyidaeOryzias latipesJapanese Medaka25.0 (2d)17866NACichlidaeOreochromis mossambicusMozambique Tilapia25.7*71907NACichlidaeOreochromis mossambicusMozambique Tilapia25.8*109601NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus clarkiiCutthroat Trout26.0*6797SupplementalCichlidaeOreochromis niloticusNile Tilapia26.4160295NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus mykissRainbow Trout27.0* MRID 40840903AcceptableCyprinidaeCyprinus carpioCommon Carp32121056NACyprinidaeCyprinus carpioCommon Carp32121119NACyprinidaeCyprinus carpioCommon Carp32120957NACichlidaeOreochromis niloticusNile Tilapia46.869824NACichlidaeOreochromis niloticusNile Tilapia47.4150329NACichlidaeOreochromis niloticusNile Tilapia47.4150329NASalmonidaeOncorhynchus mykissRainbow Trout51.0*6797SupplementalCichlidaeOreochromis mossambicusMozambique Tilapia52.0*54793NABatrachoididaeOpsanus betaGulf Toadfish68.0*3947SupplementalSalmonidaeSalvelinus namaycushLake Trout, Siscowet73.0*6797SupplementalScophthalmidaePsetta maximaLeft-Eyed Flounder, Turbot94.7 (6d)160292NASalmonidaeSalvelinus namaycushLake Trout, Siscowet98.0*6797SupplementalMelanotaeniidaeMelanotaenia fluviatilisCrimson-Spotted Rainbowfish118*121117NACyprinodontidaeCyprinodon variegatusSheepshead Minnow136*15639SupplementalSalmonidaeSalvelinus namaycushLake Trout, Siscowet140*6797SupplementalCyprinidaePimephales promelasFathead Minnow140*MRID 154732SupplementalCyprinidaeCyprinus carpioCommon Carp150121108NACyprinidaePimephales promelasFathead Minnow150*MRID 154732SupplementalPoeciliidaePoecilia reticulataGuppy176159803NACyprinidaePimephales promelasFathead Minnow200*12859NACyprinidaePimephales promelasFathead Minnow203*MRID 155781AcceptableSalmonidaeSalvelinus namaycushLake Trout, Siscowet205*6797SupplementalSalmonidaeSalvelinus namaycushLake Trout, Siscowet227*6797SupplementalCichlidaeTilapia zilliiTilapia240*72744NASalmonidaeSalvelinus namaycushLake Trout, Siscowet244*6797SupplementalCyprinodontidaeCyprinodon variegatusSheepshead Minnow270*3947SupplementalIctaluridaeIctalurus punctatusChannel Catfish280*6797SupplementalPoeciliidaeGambusia affinisWestern Mosquitofish298*108871NACyprinidaeGibelion catlaCatla300*101291NACyprinidaeLabeo rohitaRohu300*101291NACyprinidaeGibelion catlaCatla350*101291NAChannidaeChanna punctataSnake-Head Catfish365109575NACyprinidaeLabeo rohitaRohu470*101291NAPoeciliidaeGambusia affinisWestern Mosquitofish484*57001NACyprinidaePimephales promelasFathead Minnow506*12859NAAnguillidaeAnguilla anguillaCommon Eel524*11055NACyprinidaeCirrhinus mrigalaCarp, Hawk Fish550*101291NACyprinidaeCirrhinus mrigalaCarp, Hawk Fish650*101291NAClariidaeClarias gariepinusZambezi Barbel920*120266NACichlidaeOreochromis niloticusNile Tilapia1023*121118NACyprinidaeGibelion catlaCatla166086097Qualitative (not in SSD)HeteropneustidaeHeteropneustes fossilisIndian Catfish2200*72755Quantitative-SSDCyprinidaeCirrhinus mrigalaCarp, Hawk Fish235086097Qualitative (not in SSD)CyprinidaeLabeo rohitaRohu235086097Qualitative (not in SSD)CyprinidaeDanio rerioZebra Danio7012 (6d)158995NA 1If a species was not represented with a 96 hour study, and other values were available from shorter/longer duration studies (up to 10 days) then the data were included and the duration was listed next to the LC50 value as an indicator. If there were multiple other durations, the value from the study closer to a 96h duration was selected and if there were multiple values for the same duration, the range is indicated. * = Value used to derive SSDNA = Studies are acceptable for ECOTOX but have not been formally reviewed by EFED scientists Table B 2-6.22. Available median lethal concentration (LC50) data for amphibians exposed to chlorpyrifos as TGAI or formulationFamilySpeciesCommon NameLC50 (?g/L)1Reference NumberClassificationRanidaeHoplobatrachus tigerinusIndian Bullfrog1961878Qualitative HylidaePseudacris regillaPacific Chorus Frog122*118706Quantitative-SSDBufonidaeRhinella fernandezaeToad151? 159927NARanidaeRana boyliiFoothill Yellow-Legged Frog204*118706Quantitative-SSDBufonidaeBufo bufo ssp. GargarizansToad320121116NA PipidaeXenopus laevisAfrican Clawed Frog556*68227SupplementalRhacophoridaePolypedates crucigerCommon Hourglass Tree Frog1210 (2d)*159829NAPipidaeXenopus laevisAfrican Clawed Frog2410*73373NABufonidaeDuttaphrynus melanostictusAsian Common Toad3003 (7d)*159786NARanidaeRana dalmatinaAgile Frog5148*159867QuantitativePipidaeXenopus laevisAfrican Clawed Frog14483*68227Supplemental*Indicates study was conducted with TGAI1 If a species was not represented with a 96 hour study, and other values were available from shorter/longer duration studies (up to 10 days) the data were included and the duration was listed next to the LC50 value as an indicator. If there were multiple other durations, the value from the study closer to a 96 hour duration was selected and if there were multiple values for the same duration, the range is indicated. ................
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