1
1. Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat
energy on the motion of molecules of matter?
[pic] |3. The diagram below shows a pinwheel rotating
above a lit candle. The arrows indicate the direction
of air flow.
[pic]
Which energy transformation is best shown in
this diagram?
(1) heat to mechanical (3) sound to heat
(2) mechanical to light (4) heat to sound | |
| |4. The graph below shows the heating curve for |
| |substance X. |
| |[pic] |
| |At approximately which temperature does a |
| |phase change begin? |
| |(1) −30°C (3) 0°C |
| |(2) −10°C (4) 18°C |
| | |
|2. Which unit is used to indicate the amount of |5. Which energy source is considered a nonrenewable |
|energy in food? |resource? |
|(1) ounce (3) calorie |(1) solar (3) moving water |
|(2) degree (4) gram |(2) wind (4) fossil fuel |
|6. A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry on a |11. Which sequence of energy transformations |
|sunny day. The shirt dries because water molecules: |occurs after a battery-operated flashlight is |
|(1) gain heat energy and condense |turned on? |
|(2) gain heat energy and evaporate |(1) electrical → light → chemical |
|(3) lose heat energy and condense |(2) electrical → chemical → light |
|(4) lose heat energy and evaporate |(3) chemical → light → electrical |
| |(4) chemical → electrical → light |
| | |
|7. City administrators can encourage energy conservation by: |12. A television set changes electrical energy to |
| |sound and light energy. In this process, some |
|(1) lowering parking fees |energy is: |
|(2) building larger parking lots |(1) created |
|(3) decreasing the cost of gasoline |(2) destroyed |
|(4) lowering the cost of bus and subway fares |(3) changed to matter |
| |(4) changed to heat |
| | |
|8. Which energy resource is renewable? |13. Energy from the Sun reaches Earth mainly by |
|(1) fuel oil (3) wind |the process of: |
|(2) natural gas (4) coal |(1) conduction (3) reflection |
| |(2) convection (4) radiation |
|9. Which energy source is renewable? |14. Which energy source is considered nonrenewable? |
|(1) oil (3) coal |(1) oil (3) sunlight |
|(2) solar (4) natural gas |(2) moving water (4) biomass |
| | |
|10. Four machines that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy were tested|15. What is a disadvantage of using moving water to produce electricity? |
|for fuel efficiency. The results of the test are shown in the chart below. | |
| |(1) Power is produced inexpensively |
|[pic] |(2) Air pollution is produced |
|Which machine produced the most heat energy? |(3) Oil spills may occur |
|(1) A (3) C | |
|(2) B (4) D |(4) The local ecosystem may be disrupted |
|Base your answers to questions 16 and 17 on the diagrams below and your knowledge of science. The |
|diagrams show liquid water changing to water vapor in four different situations. |
|[pic] |
| |
|16. Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change? |
|(1) Waves form on the top of the pond. |
|(2) Water soaks into the wet sand. |
|(3) The water splashes out of the swimming pool. |
|(4) The water level in the glass of water decreases. |
| |
|17. How is heat energy transferred within the liquid water in the pond? |
|(1) compound formation (3) chemical reactions |
|(2) convection currents (4) nuclear reactions |
|18. The diagram below shows the relative wavelengths for several types of electromagnetic energy. |
| |
|[pic] |
|Which type of electromagnetic energy has a shorter wavelength than ultraviolet waves? |
|(1) visible light (3) x rays |
|(2) microwaves (4) infrared light |
|19. The illustration below shows an example of energy changing forms. |
|[pic] |
| |
|Which changes in energy form are illustrated in the diagram? |
|(1) electrical ( sound ( light and mechanical (3) mechanical ( light ( sound and electrical |
|(2) sound( mechanical ( light and electrical (4) light ( electrical ( mechanical and sound |
|20. The pie chart below compares the amounts of energy from different sources used in the United States |
|each year. |
|[pic] |
| |
|Which two energy sources together provide more than 50% of the energy needs of the United States? |
|(1) nuclear and natural gas (3) oil and coal |
|(2) hydropower and oil (4) natural gas and coal |
|Base your answers to questions 21 and 22 on the diagram below, which shows two insulated Styrofoam |
|cups of water connected by an aluminum bar. The thermometers show the temperature of the water in |
|cup A and cup B at the beginning of a heat-flow experiment. |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|21. Over the next 15 minutes, which changes would most likely occur? |
|(1) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will increase. |
|(2) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will decrease. |
|(3) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will increase. |
|(4) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will decrease. |
|_______________________________________ |
| |
|22. Which process is most responsible for the temperature changes that will take place? |
|(1) radiation of heat from the water in the cups to the thermometers |
|(2) conduction of heat through the aluminum bar |
|(3) radiation of heat from the water in the cups into the air |
|(4) conduction of heat through the air to the water in the cups |
|23. The diagram below shows the steps necessary to produce the energy needed to run a hair dryer. |
|[pic] |
|As it moves from location A to location D in the diagram, the energy stored in the coal |
|(1) is converted to solar energy (3) is recycled |
|(2) reduces the friction in the hair dryer (4) is transformed |
| |26. Which statement best describes the energy |
|24. The diagram below shows a Bunsen burner |changes that occur while a child is riding on a |
|heating a beaker of water on a beaker stand. |sled down a steep, snow-covered hill? |
|The arrows represent the transfer of heat energy | |
|in the water. |(1) Kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases. |
|[pic] | |
|Which process is primarily responsible for the |(2) Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases. |
|transfer of heat indicated by the arrows in the | |
|beaker of water? |(3) Both potential energy and kinetic energy decrease. |
|(1) conduction (3) radiation | |
|(2) convection (4) condensation |(4) Both potential energy and kinetic energy increase. |
| | |
|25. Which example best demonstrates the process of | |
|conduction? | |
| | |
|(1) A piece of paper is torn in half. | |
| | |
|(2) Warmed air rises above a lit candle. | |
| | |
|(3) A metal spoon gets warm when used to stir hot soup. | |
| | |
|(4) Sunlight brightens a dark room. | |
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