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1. Which graph correctly shows the effect of heat

energy on the motion of molecules of matter?

[pic] |3. The diagram below shows a pinwheel rotating

above a lit candle. The arrows indicate the direction

of air flow.

[pic]

Which energy transformation is best shown in

this diagram?

(1) heat to mechanical (3) sound to heat

(2) mechanical to light (4) heat to sound | |

| |4. The graph below shows the heating curve for |

| |substance X. |

| |[pic] |

| |At approximately which temperature does a |

| |phase change begin? |

| |(1) −30°C (3) 0°C |

| |(2) −10°C (4) 18°C |

| | |

|2. Which unit is used to indicate the amount of |5. Which energy source is considered a nonrenewable |

|energy in food? |resource? |

|(1) ounce (3) calorie |(1) solar (3) moving water |

|(2) degree (4) gram |(2) wind (4) fossil fuel |

|6. A wet shirt is put on a clothesline to dry on a |11. Which sequence of energy transformations |

|sunny day. The shirt dries because water molecules: |occurs after a battery-operated flashlight is |

|(1) gain heat energy and condense |turned on? |

|(2) gain heat energy and evaporate |(1) electrical → light → chemical |

|(3) lose heat energy and condense |(2) electrical → chemical → light |

|(4) lose heat energy and evaporate |(3) chemical → light → electrical |

| |(4) chemical → electrical → light |

| | |

|7. City administrators can encourage energy conservation by: |12. A television set changes electrical energy to |

| |sound and light energy. In this process, some |

|(1) lowering parking fees |energy is: |

|(2) building larger parking lots |(1) created |

|(3) decreasing the cost of gasoline |(2) destroyed |

|(4) lowering the cost of bus and subway fares |(3) changed to matter |

| |(4) changed to heat |

| | |

|8. Which energy resource is renewable? |13. Energy from the Sun reaches Earth mainly by |

|(1) fuel oil (3) wind |the process of: |

|(2) natural gas (4) coal |(1) conduction (3) reflection |

| |(2) convection (4) radiation |

|9. Which energy source is renewable? |14. Which energy source is considered nonrenewable? |

|(1) oil (3) coal |(1) oil (3) sunlight |

|(2) solar (4) natural gas |(2) moving water (4) biomass |

| | |

|10. Four machines that convert electrical energy to mechanical energy were tested|15. What is a disadvantage of using moving water to produce electricity? |

|for fuel efficiency. The results of the test are shown in the chart below. | |

| |(1) Power is produced inexpensively |

|[pic] |(2) Air pollution is produced |

|Which machine produced the most heat energy? |(3) Oil spills may occur |

|(1) A (3) C | |

|(2) B (4) D |(4) The local ecosystem may be disrupted |

|Base your answers to questions 16 and 17 on the diagrams below and your knowledge of science. The |

|diagrams show liquid water changing to water vapor in four different situations. |

|[pic] |

| |

|16. Which observation would be evidence that the water is undergoing a phase change? |

|(1) Waves form on the top of the pond. |

|(2) Water soaks into the wet sand. |

|(3) The water splashes out of the swimming pool. |

|(4) The water level in the glass of water decreases. |

| |

|17. How is heat energy transferred within the liquid water in the pond? |

|(1) compound formation (3) chemical reactions |

|(2) convection currents (4) nuclear reactions |

|18. The diagram below shows the relative wavelengths for several types of electromagnetic energy. |

| |

|[pic] |

|Which type of electromagnetic energy has a shorter wavelength than ultraviolet waves? |

|(1) visible light (3) x rays |

|(2) microwaves (4) infrared light |

|19. The illustration below shows an example of energy changing forms. |

|[pic] |

| |

|Which changes in energy form are illustrated in the diagram? |

|(1) electrical ( sound ( light and mechanical (3) mechanical ( light ( sound and electrical |

|(2) sound( mechanical ( light and electrical (4) light ( electrical ( mechanical and sound |

|20. The pie chart below compares the amounts of energy from different sources used in the United States |

|each year. |

|[pic] |

| |

|Which two energy sources together provide more than 50% of the energy needs of the United States? |

|(1) nuclear and natural gas (3) oil and coal |

|(2) hydropower and oil (4) natural gas and coal |

|Base your answers to questions 21 and 22 on the diagram below, which shows two insulated Styrofoam |

|cups of water connected by an aluminum bar. The thermometers show the temperature of the water in |

|cup A and cup B at the beginning of a heat-flow experiment. |

| |

| |

| |

| |

| |

| |

| |

| |

|21. Over the next 15 minutes, which changes would most likely occur? |

|(1) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will increase. |

|(2) The temperature in cup A will decrease and the temperature in cup B will decrease. |

|(3) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will increase. |

|(4) The temperature in cup A will increase and the temperature in cup B will decrease. |

|_______________________________________ |

| |

|22. Which process is most responsible for the temperature changes that will take place? |

|(1) radiation of heat from the water in the cups to the thermometers |

|(2) conduction of heat through the aluminum bar |

|(3) radiation of heat from the water in the cups into the air |

|(4) conduction of heat through the air to the water in the cups |

|23. The diagram below shows the steps necessary to produce the energy needed to run a hair dryer. |

|[pic] |

|As it moves from location A to location D in the diagram, the energy stored in the coal |

|(1) is converted to solar energy (3) is recycled |

|(2) reduces the friction in the hair dryer (4) is transformed |

| |26. Which statement best describes the energy |

|24. The diagram below shows a Bunsen burner |changes that occur while a child is riding on a |

|heating a beaker of water on a beaker stand. |sled down a steep, snow-covered hill? |

|The arrows represent the transfer of heat energy | |

|in the water. |(1) Kinetic energy decreases and potential energy increases. |

|[pic] | |

|Which process is primarily responsible for the |(2) Kinetic energy increases and potential energy decreases. |

|transfer of heat indicated by the arrows in the | |

|beaker of water? |(3) Both potential energy and kinetic energy decrease. |

|(1) conduction (3) radiation | |

|(2) convection (4) condensation |(4) Both potential energy and kinetic energy increase. |

| | |

|25. Which example best demonstrates the process of | |

|conduction? | |

| | |

|(1) A piece of paper is torn in half. | |

| | |

|(2) Warmed air rises above a lit candle. | |

| | |

|(3) A metal spoon gets warm when used to stir hot soup. | |

| | |

|(4) Sunlight brightens a dark room. | |

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