Chapter 22 – Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View ...
Chapter 22 – Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life
1. What were the two major points made in The Origin of Species? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. What was the contribution of Carolus Linnaeus to the evolutionary theories? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. How did the study of fossils help Darwin shape his theories? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. How did geological gradualism and uniformitarianism influence Darwin? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Identify the principles of Lamarck’s theory of evolution. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. How did the observations during his voyage on the Beagle influence Darwin’s theories? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Why were the Galapagos Islands so important to Darwin’s observations? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. What are the elements for the formation of new species? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. What is the driving force behind the evolution of the 14 species of finches on the Galapagos? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10. Define descent with modification: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. How does the “tree analogy” represent the evolutionary relationships of creatures? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Summarize the observations and inferences recognized as the backbone of evolution by natural selection (text page 458 – yellow box): ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
13. How did Darwin’s experience with artificial selection influence his theories of evolution? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. For each of the following, indicate how it is used as evidence of evolution by natural selection:
a. paleontology: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. biogeography: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. resistance to insecticides: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. drug resistance: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. homology: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
f. homologous structures: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
g. vestigial organs: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
h. embryology: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
i. biochemical similarity: __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. Use the space below to provide a summary of the SEVEN key points of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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