Electronic Technician Certification Program DIGITAL ...

Electronic Technician Certification Program

DIGITAL FUNDAMENTAL

September 13, 2020

1. Number Systems and Codes a) Decimal number systems ? 10-digit, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 ? base 10 b) Binary number systems ? 2-digit, 0 and 1 ? base 2 c) Octal number systems ? 8-digit, 0, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7 ? base 8 d) Hexadecimal number systems ? 16-digit, 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F ? Base 16

? Binary to Decimal conversion 1 10 1 1 24 + 23 + 0 + 21 + 20 = 2710

? Decimal to Binary conversion Repeat division 2510 = 11001

Electronic Technician Certification Program

Electronic Technician Certification Program

? Decimal to Binary conversion

Repeat division

25/2 = 12 + remaining of

1

12/2 = 6 + remaining of

0

6/2 = 3 + remaining of

0

3/2 = 1 + remaining of

1

1/2 = 0 + remaining of

1

2510 = 11001 ? HEX-to Decimal conversion

35616 = 3 x 162 + 5 x 161 + 6 x 160 = 85410

? HEX-to Binary conversion

9F216 = 1001 1111 0010 ? Binary to Hex conversion

( required Binary 4-bit each )

101110100110 = BA6 ( each 4-bit group in Binary)

? Octal to Binary conversion

4728 = 100111010 ? Binary to Octal

( required Binary 3-bit each )

0110101110 = 3268

( each 3-bit group in Binary)

Electronic Technician Certification Program

? The BCD Code ( Binary Code Decimal ) ? When a number, letter, or a words are represented by a special group of symbols, this is called encoding. ? If each digit of a decimal number is represented by its binary equivalent, this produces a code called BCD. ? 4-bit is required to code each digit ? 87410 = 1000 0111 0100BCD

? The Excess-3 Code ? Performs the same as BCD except that 3 is added to its decimal digit before encoding in its Binary ? 4810 = 0111 1011 ( 7 11 )

? Alphanumeric Codes ( ASCII ) ? American Standard Code for Information Interchange

Electronic Technician Certification Program

Electronic Technician Certification Program

? In electronics, binary represented by the voltage or current ? TTL (Transistor Transistor Logic ) Logic

? VH (max) = 5.5V ? VH (min) = 2.0V ? VL (max) =0.8V ? VL (min) =0.0V

Electronic Technician Certification Program

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