Deterritorialising patriarchal binary oppositions: Deleuze ...

Deterritorialising patriarchal binary oppositions: Deleuze & Guattari, Virginia Woolf, Masculinities

and Film Adaptations

Dolors Ortega

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Universitat de Barcelona Departament de Filologia Anglesa i Alemanya

Deterritorialising Patriarchal Binary Oppositions: Deleuze & Guattari, Virginia Woolf, Masculinities and Film Adaptations

Dolors Ortega Ar?valo Under the Supervision of Dr Ana Moya Gutierrez

September 2012

Contents

Introduction

1

1 The n-becomings of male characters

7

1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

1.2 Masculinities in context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.2.1 Masculinities and Gender Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

1.2.2 Masculinities at the beginning of the century . . . . . . . 15

1.3 Literary representations of masculinities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

1.3.1 Woolfian male characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

1.3.2 Woolf's conceptualisation of gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

1.4 Scholarship on Woolf and masculinities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

1.4.1 Imperialism, patriarchy, fascism = Virginia Woolf and

masculinity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

1.4.2 Psychoanalytic studies on Woolf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68

1.4.3 Male homosexuality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

1.4.4 Androgynous Woolf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72

1.4.5 Poststucturalist approaches to gender: The merging of

genders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73

1.5 Conclusion: Why Deleuze and Guattari? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

2 Deleuzo-Guattarian gender becomings

79

2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

2.2 Nomadic subjectivities and becomings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

2.2.1 Deleuze and Guattari in context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

2.2.2 Anti-Oedipus: Dismantling fixed molar Oedipal subjectivity 85

i

ii

CONTENTS

2.2.3 A Thousand Plateaus. Towards a molecularisation of the subject: The Body without Organs and its multiplicity of becomings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113

2.2.4 Becoming-woman: A challenge against the dichotomous thought of gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

2.2.5 The rhizome on a social plane: Towards a micropolitics of gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

2.2.6 The n-becomings of gender/sexual difference . . . . . . . 131 2.3 Feminist intersections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138 2.4 Deleuzo-Guattarian masculinities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 2.5 Deleuze and Guattari's passion for Woolf . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 2.6 Woolf's passion for the molecular . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174 2.7 Deleuzo-Guattarian approach to Woolf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 2.8 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

3 Molar and molecular masculinities

179

3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

3.2 Rhizomatic vision of Mrs Dalloway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

3.2.1 The genesis of Mrs Dalloway . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180

3.2.2 Masculine formations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

3.2.2.1 Molar masculinities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

3.2.2.2 Anti-femininity & female mimicry . . . . . . . . 208

3.2.3 Molecular masculinities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

3.2.3.1 Peter Walsh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

3.2.3.2 The becoming-woman of Septimus Warren Smith

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220

3.2.4 Septimus Warren Smith: An empty BwO . . . . . . . . . 227

3.3 Orlando: The plane of immanence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228

3.3.1 The novel in context. The genesis of Orlando: Characters,

plots, style. A rhizomatic configuration. . . . . . . . . . . 228

3.3.2 Performativity, arbitrariness and multiplicity of gender/

sex figurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241

3.3.3 The satire of molar gender constructions . . . . . . . . . . 252

3.3.4 The case of Orlando: Androgynous or molecular individ-

uation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255

3.3.5 The becoming-woman of Orlando . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

3.3.6 Orlando: A full BwO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

3.4 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269

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