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Chapter 2, Section 2: Ancient Greece
Vocabulary
o Epic poem
o Polis
o Acropolis
o Democracy
o Oligarchy
o Direct democracy
o “classical”
o ethics
Early Greek Civilization
• How did geography affect Greek society?
o Mountains-
o Seas-
Mycenae
a. Who discovered Mycenae?
b. When did it flourish?
c. Where was Mycenaean culture located?
d. What form of government did Mycenae have?
e. In what ways did Mycenaean culture spread?
The Dark Age and Homer
f. When did Mycenaean civilization collapse?
g. What years did the Greek Dark Age span?
h. Who was Homer? When did he live? What did he write?
i. What is the Iliad about?
j. What is the Odyssey about?
k. Which patterns of pottery decorations were typical during the Dark Age?
The Polis: The Center of Greek Life
l. Which word in English is influenced by polis?
m. What was an acropolis used for?
n. What is an agora?
o. What did the community of a polis consist of?
p. How did Aristotle characterize a citizen?
Sparta
q. What was Spartan society like?
r. Describe the roles of Spartan women.
s. How was Sparta governed?
t. Spartans prized war over what other things?
Athens
u. When did Athens unify?
v. By the seventh century BCE, who controlled Athens?
w. Who was Solon, and what did he reform?
x. Who was Cleisthenes, what were his reforms, and what did they lead to?
Classical Greece
y. When?
Age of Pericles
a. What reform did Pericles make to Athenian democracy?
b. Compare Athenian democracy with US democracy regarding:
i. Citizenship
ii. Participation
iii. Freedom and Justice
The Great Peloponnesian War
c. How was the Greek world divided after the defeat of the Persians?
d. Who fought the Peloponnesian War and when did it start?
e. What was the result of the war?
Classical Greek Arts
f. How have Greeks arts affected the western world?
g. What were Greek arts concerned with expressing?
h. What was the subject matter for Greek art?
i. Describe a typical Greek temple.
j. What is the Parthenon and what is its significance?
k. What did Greek sculptors value?
Greek Drama
l. Where did Western drama come from?
m. What were the first Greek dramas?
n. Describe the only complete Greek trilogy.
o. What universal themes did Greek dramas deal with?
p. Which later invention was designed to entertain and provoke a reaction?
Greek Philosophy
q. Define philosophy.
r. Who was Socrates?
s. What is the Socratic method?
t. How was Plato different than Socrates?
u. How did Plato describe the ideal state in The Republic?
v. How did Plato feel toward about women?
w. Who was Plato’s most famous pupil?
x. What were Aristotle’s interests?
y. Which subjects did he write about?
Alexander and the Hellenistic Era
a. How did the Greeks view the Macedonians?
b. Who united Greece?
Alexander the Great
a. How old was Alexander when he became king of Macedonia?
b. What motivated Alexander to conquer the Persian Empire?
c. How many years did it take for Alexander to conquer the Persians?
d. When and how did Alexander die?
The Hellenistic Era
a. What does Hellenistic mean?
b. What were the four sections Alexander’s empire broke into?
c. How did Greek colonists help the spread of Greek culture?
d. What type of cultural center was Alexandria (in Lower Egypt)?
e. How did Hellenistic sculptors change Greek art?
f. What did Archimedes accomplish during the Hellenistic Era?
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