Integration By Parts

1+cos2x 2 and replace sin2 x by 1−cos2x 2. This eﬀectively reduces the power, although we wind up with more terms in the integrand. We may have to repeat this process many times, so the integration gets extremely messy. Example: R cos2 xdx We calculate R cos2 xdx = R 1+cos2x 2 dx = R 1 2 + 1 2 · cos2xdx = 1 2 · x + 1 2 · sin2x 2 = x 2 ... ................
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