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Gregg Reference Manual PracticeExample: James finished his homework two hours ago.finisheshas finishedfinishedPractice:Rachael and James ______ the drive today because it was covered in snow.shoveledshovelsshovelYesterday, Angela ________her chores earlier than she expected.pletedRule: The second principal part of the verb (the past tense) is used t express past time. (No helping verb is used with this form. (p.313))2.Example:I wonder if they’re planning to go shopping with us.a.I wonder if their planning to go shopping with us. b.I wonder if there planning to go shopping with us. c.I wonder if they're planning to go shopping with us. Practice:I believe Wynona left her glasses over ______.a.I believe Wynona left her glasses over they're. b. I believe Wynona left her glasses over there. c.I believe Wynona left her glasses over their.According to One-eye Jack, their map is the one we need to find the treasure.a.According to One-eye Jack, their map is the one we need to find the treasure.b.According to One-eye Jack, there map is the one we need to find the treasure.c.According to One-eye Jack, they’re map is the one we need to find the treasure.Rule: Do not confuse certain possessive pronouns with contractions and other phrases that sound like the possessive pronouns. (p.332)3.Example:Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation. (Correct answer is in BOLD.) a.If you believe in magic, magical things will happen, but if you do not believe in magic, you will discover nothing to be magical. b.If you believe in magic, magical things will happen, but if you do not believe in magic; you will discover nothing to be magical. c.If you believe in magic, magical things will happen; but if you do not believe in magic, you will discover nothing to be magical. d.If you believe in magic; magical things will happen, but if you do not believe in magic; you will discover nothing to be magical.Practice:Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation.The detective was close to solving the case, but no witnesses would step forward to identify the robber.The detective was close to solving the case; but no witnesses would step forward to identify the robber.The detective was close to solving the case: but no witnesses would step forward to identify the robber.The detective was close to solving the case but no witnesses would step forward to identify the robber.Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation.Amber sat silently awaiting her true love,but dawn came and, alas, she was still alone.Amber sat silently awaiting her true love but dawn came and, alas, she was still alone.Amber sat silently awaiting her true love: but dawn came and, alas, she was still alone.Amber sat silently awaiting her true love; but dawn came and, alas, she was still alone.Rule: Use a semicolon in order to achieve a stronger break between clauses than a comma provides. (p.50)4.Example:Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation. a.You asked for forgiveness, he granted it to you. b.You asked for forgiveness; he granted it to you. c.You asked for forgiveness: he granted it to you. d.You asked for forgiveness he granted it to you.Practice:Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation. a.The Wizard of Oz is a story of economic reform; Oz is short for ounce, signifying the gold standard.b.The Wizard of Oz is a story of economic reform, Oz is short for ounce, signifying the gold standard.c.The Wizard of Oz is a story of economic reform Oz is short for ounce, signifying the gold standard.d.The Wizard of Oz is a story of economic reform: Oz is short for ounce, signifying the gold standard.Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation. a.We are going on a family vacation to Cancun this summer the first thing I want to do upon arrival is swim with the dolphins.b.We are going on a family vacation to Cancun this summer; the first thing I want to do upon arrival is swim with the dolphins.c.We are going on a family vacation to Cancun this summer, the first thing I want to do upon arrival is swim with the dolphins.d.We are going on a family vacation to Cancun this summer: the first thing I want to do upon arrival is swim with the dolphins.Rule: When a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, or nor) is omitted between two independent clauses, use a semicolon—not a comma—to separate the clauses. (p.49)5.Example:Choose the sentence with the correct comma placement. a.You are I am sure, telling the truth. b.You are, I am sure, telling the truth. c.You are I am sure telling, the truth. d.You are, I am sure telling the truth. Practice:Choose the sentence with the correct comma placement. a.There are, I believe four ways to cook a chuck roast.b.There are, I believe, four ways to cook a chuck roast.c.There are I believe, four ways to cook a chuck roast.d.There are I believe four ways to cook a chuck roast.Choose the sentence with the correct comma placement. a.My uncle who is eighty years old, walks four miles every day.b.My uncle who is eighty years old walks four miles every day.c.My uncle, who is eighty years old walks four miles every day.d.My uncle, who is eighty years old, walks four miles every day.Rule: Use commas to set off nonessential expressions—words, phrases, and clauses that are necessary for the meaning or the structural completeness of the sentence.6.Example:Choose the correct sentence.a.You are my friend; however, I cannot afford to lend you any more money. b.You are my friend; however; I cannot afford to lend you any more money. c.You are my friend, however; I cannot afford to lend you any more money. D.You are my friend, however, I cannot afford, to lend you any more money.Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.James was called to the office this morning ,and did not return until after lunch, consequently I had several hours for uninterrupted study.b.James was called to the office this morning and did not return until after lunch: consequently, I had several hours for uninterrupted study.c.James was called to the office this morning, and did not return until after lunch; consequently, I had several hours for uninterrupted study. d.James was called to the office this morning and did not return until after lunch, consequently; I had several hours for uninterrupted study.Choose the correct sentence.a.Business is booming, for example, Siemens have made 10 orders since4 o'clock.b.Business is booming; for example, Siemens have made 10 orders since4 o'clock.c.Business is booming; for example Siemens have made 10 orders since4 o'clock.d.Business is booming: for example, Siemens have made 10 orders since4 o'clock.Rule: When independent clauses are linked by transitional expressions, use a semicolon between the clauses.7. Example:Choose the correct sentence.a. Jan asked? "What did Joe mean when he said, 'I will see you later.'" b.Jan asked, "What did Joe mean when he said, 'I will see you later?'" c.Jan asked, "What did Joe mean when he said, 'I will see you later'?" d.Jan asked, "What did Joe mean when he said, 'I will see you later'"?Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.She asked? "Will you still be my friend."b.She asked, "Will you still be my friend"?c.She asked, ‘Will you still be my friend?’d.She asked, "Will you still be my friend?"Choose the correct sentence.a.Do you agree with the saying, "All's fair in love and war"?b.Do you agree with the saying, "All's fair in love and war?”c.Do you agree with the saying, ‘All's fair in love and war?’d.Do you agree with the saying "All's fair in love and war?”Rule(s): When a quoted word or phrase comes at the end of a statement, the period goes inside the closing quotation mark.At the end of a sentence, a question mark or exclamation point goes inside the closing quotation mark when it applies to the quoted material. (p.80) The same principles govern the placement of a question mark or exclamation point in relation to a single quotation mark. (p.81) 8.Example:Choose the correct sentence.a.Just to be sure, I called three more D.V.M.s' offices. b.Just to be sure, I called three more D.V.M.s offices. c.Just to be sure, I called three more D.V.M.'s offices. d.Just to be sure, I called three more D.V.M. offices'.Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.The Darlings’s car was struck by a drunk driver on December 12, 1942.b.The Darling’s car was struck by a drunk driver on December 12, 1942.c.The Darlings’ car was struck by a drunk driver on December 12, 1942.d.The Darlings car was struck by a drunk driver on December 12, 1942.Choose the correct sentence.a.Most of the New Orleans’ restaurants were destroyed in the hurricane.b.Most of the New Orleans restaurants were destroyed in the hurricane.c.Most of the New Orleans’s restaurants were destroyed in the hurricane.d.Most of the New Orleanses restaurants were destroyed in the hurricane.Rule: For a regular plural noun (one that ends in s or es), add only an apostrophe to form the plural possessive. (p.213)9.Example:Choose the correct sentence.a.The elections will be held on the first Tuesday of November, 2008. b.The elections will be held, on the first Tuesday of November 2008. c.The elections will be held on the first Tuesday, of November, 2008. d.The elections will be held on the first Tuesday of November 2008.Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.Please purchase the June, 2008 issue of the Delta Pi Epsilon Journal for the next class.b.Please purchase the June 2008, issue of the Delta Pi Epsilon Journal for the next class.c.Please purchase the June 2008 issue of the Delta Pi Epsilon Journal for the next class.d.Please purchase the June: 2008 issue of the Delta Pi Epsilon Journal for the next class.Choose the correct sentence.a.As of June 2011, The Harry Potter book series has sold about 450 million copies and has been translated into 67 languages.b.As of June 2011 The Harry Potter book series has sold about 450 million copies and has been translated into 67 languages.c.As of June, 2011, The Harry Potter book series has sold about 450 million copies and has been translated into 67 languages.d.As of June 2011; The Harry Potter book series has sold about 450 million copies and has been translated into 67 languages.Rule: Omit the commas when only the month and year are given. (p.41)10.Example:Choose the correct sentence.a.This is the point that Einstein made--you cannot fix a problem with the problem. b.This is the point that Einstein made, you cannot fix a problem with the problem. c.This is the point that Einstein made; You cannot fix a problem with the problem. d.This is the point that Einstein made: you cannot fix a problem with the problem.Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.It’s been snowing for three days straight-- the roads around here aren’t very safe for driving.b.It’s been snowing for three days straight: The roads around here aren’t very safe for driving.c.It’s been snowing for three days straight, the roads around here aren’t very safe for driving.d.It’s been snowing for three days straight; The roads around here aren’t very safe for driving.Choose the correct sentence.a.My niece is the star of the show this evening; she’s the one in the pink tutu.b.My niece is the star of the show this evening, she’s the one in the pink tutu.c.My niece is the star of the show this evening: she’s the one in the pink tutu.d.My niece is the star of the show this evening-- she’s the one in the pink tutu.Rule: Use a colon between two independent clauses when the second clause explains or illustrates the first clause and there is no coordinating conjunction or transitional expression linking the two clauses.11.Example:Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation. a.I need a few items at the store, clothespins, a bottle opener, and napkins. b.I need a few items at the store; clothespins, a bottle opener, and napkins. c.I need a few items at the store: clothespins, a bottle opener, and napkins. d.I need a few items at the store clothespins, a bottle opener, and napkins.Practice:Choose the sentence with the correct punctuation. a.Scott brought all of his stuff for school, pens; pencils; markers; crayons; and paper.a.Scott brought all of his stuff for school: pens, pencils, markers, crayons, and paper.a.Scott brought all of his stuff for school; pens, pencils, markers, crayons, and paper.a.Scott brought all of his stuff for school--pens, pencils, markers, crayons, and paper.Rule: Use a colon if the anticipatory expression (such as the following, as follows, her is, thus, and these) are only implied. (p.56)12.Example:Choose the correct sentence.a.The wealthy became wealthier during the 1990's. b.The wealthy became wealthier during the 1990s. c.The wealthy became wealthier during the '90's. d.The wealthy became wealthier during the 90s.Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.The early 1900’s saw the mass production of the internal combustion engine.b.The early ‘1900’s saw the mass production of the internal combustion engine.c.The early 1900s saw the mass production of the internal combustion engine.d.The early 1900s’ saw the mass production of the internal combustion engine.Choose the correct sentence.a.Clock makers used the idea of interchangeable parts since the early 1700’s.b.Clock makers used the idea of interchangeable parts since the early 1700s. c.Clock makers used the idea of interchangeable parts since the early 1700s’. d.Clock makers used the idea of interchangeable parts since the early 1700’s’.Rule: Numbers are expressed in figures are pluralized by the addition of s alone. (p.210)13.Example:Choose the correct sentence.a.We cannot effect a new policy without the board of directors voting on it first. b.We cannot affect a new policy without the board of directors voting on it first. Practice:Choose the correct sentence.a.To have the most effect, you should know both your strengths as well as your weaknesses. b.To have the most affect, you should know both your strengths as well as your weaknesses.Choose the correct sentence.a.When will we know if the chemotherapy has taken effect? b.When will we know if the chemotherapy has taken affect?Rule: Affect is normally used as a verb meaning “to influence, change, assume.” Effect can be either a verb meaning “to bring out” or a noun meaning “result, impression.” ................
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