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2008 No Name Tournament

Questions by Bruce Arthur, George Berry, Bryce Durgin, Ian Eppler, Carsten Gehring, Auroni Gupta,  Matt Jackson, Shantanu Jha, Anurag Kashyap, Hannah Kirsch, George Stevens, Andy Watkins, Zhao Zhang

Packet 1-Tossups

1. This author wrote a story about an Islamic philosopher who attempts to understand the concept of tragedy and a story about a convicted Nazi officer facing his execution. In addition to “Averroes’ Search” and “Deutsches Requiem,” this author also wrote a story about a German spy of Chinese descent fascinated by Ts’ui Pen’s conception of the universe, “The Garden of Forking Paths,” and imagined an infinite series of hexagonal rooms containing all possible books in “The Library of Babel.” For 10 points, name this Argentine author of The Aleph and Ficciones.

ANSWER: Jorge Luis Borges

2. The Marangoni effect describes mass transfer due to differences in this quantity and its deviation from its planar value is represented by the Tolman delta. It can be described as Gibbs free energy per unit of surface area and the Du Noüy Ring method and Eotvos rule are used to measure this quantity. It is related to the vapor pressure in the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, and it is defined as the force along a line of unit length. For 10 points, name this quantity  lowered by the presence of surfactants, which makes falling drops of water into spheres and causes capillary action.

ANSWER: Surface Tension

3. A single lit candle appears on a chandelier in the upper area of this painting. A table on the left holds three fruits, and one more sits on the windowsill. Two discarded clogs lie on the hard wood floor, and a small brown dog in the foreground looks at the viewer. In the back, a convex mirror reflects the two central figures, and a large red bed waits for them on the far right. One of those two, a woman in a green dress who isn’t actually pregnant, appears in, for 10 points, what Flemish painting depicting the titular merchant holding that woman’s hand while he wears a black hat and dark wool coat, by Jan van Eyck?

ANSWER: Marriage of Giovanni Arnolfini (or the Arnolfini Wedding, accept equivalents involving Arnolfini, his marriage, and/or his bride)

4. In this game, Turtle Paradise is advertised six times. The protagonist can go on a date while in the casino-like Gold Saucer, and early on he is forced to dress in female attire to impress Don Corneo. Lucretia lives in the submerged Crystal Cave, and unlocking a coffin in Shinra Manor lets the player use her lover, Vincent, in battle. Players can walk across the sea and up mountains on a Gold Chocobo. A flower girl in the streets of Midgar turns out to be the last living Ancient, and a major turning point occurs when she tries to use the White Materia, but is killed by Sephiroth. For 10 points, name this Playstation game in which Cloud Strife seeks to avenge Aeris’s death, a Squaresoft title that inspired spinoffs like Dirge of Cerberus and Advent Children.

ANSWER: Final Fantasy VII (do not accept or prompt “Advent Children”)

5. During this battle, the mortally wounded Peers Legh was protected by his mastiff while the left wing of the attackers was commanded by Thomas de Camoys. During this engagement, which resulted in the capture of Jean le Maingre and the wounding of Humphrey of Gloucester, Thomas Erpingham commanded the longbowmen. Occurring two months after the Siege of Harfleur, this battle resulted in the Treaty of Troyes five years later. For 10 points, identify this defeat for Charles d’Albret and France on Saint Crispin’s Day 1415 at the hands of Henry V of England during the Hundred Years War.

ANSWER: Battle of Agincourt

6. This man wrote "A Discourse on the Life and Genius of James Fenimore Cooper." His poems include one written upon the death of his wife, "October, 1866,"  and a poem that includes the lines "Thou comest not when violets lean/O’er wandering brooks and springs unseen," "To the Fringed Gentian." He is best-known, however, for a poem that asks "Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue/Thy solitary way?" and a meditation on death written at the age of seventeen. For 10 points, name this author of "To a Waterfowl" and "Thanatopsis."

ANSWER: William Cullen Bryant

7. This city’s Xintiandi shopping area is made up of traditional stone houses known as shikumen. The Lupu Bridge, the world’s longest arched bridge, crosses the Huangpu River, which divides this city into its old and new sections. The Pudong New District contains this city’s international airport, which is served by the world’s first commercial maglev train. During the late 19th century, parts of the Puxi section of this city were divided into International and French concessions, which remain as distinct neighborhoods today. For 10 points, name this city, the largest in mainland China.

ANSWER: Shanghai

8. A complex valued generalization of this notion is named for Fredholm, and Jacobi's formula expresses the notion of their differential. Noted examples of them include the Cayley-Menger and Wronskian, and the Cauchy-Binet formula generalizes the fact that they are multiplicative maps. Its absolute value can be considered the volume of the parallelpiped which is described by its constituent vectors and they can be calculated via Cramer's rule. For 10 points, name these functions, which, for a two by two matrix, are given by a times d minus b times c.

ANSWER: Determinant

9. One of this belief’s holy texts states that those who “tread the path of faith” and “thirst for the wine of” truth “must cleanse themselves of all that is earthly.”  That work, the Book of Certitude, was retranslated into English by one of its leaders Shoghi Effendi, along with the Epistle to the Son of the Wolf  and The Seven Valleys.  Followers of this faith observe eleven holy days over the course of a year divided into nineteen months with nineteen days.  They believe that all religions, though possessing different tenets and creeds, originate from a same identical God.  For 10 points – name this Persia-based religion whose most famous prophets include Siyyid Ali-Muhammad, or the Bab, and Baha’u’llah.

ANSWER: Bahai

10. This work was adapted into an intermezzo for The Sorochyntsi Fair but was originally written as incidental music for a Mengden play called Ved'ma. It opens with a distinctive motive in the violins, and this piece, which is most played in an arrangement by Rimsky-Korsakoff, closes with a melody punctuated by harp and bells that represent the rise of the sun. Its composer, who is also known for Boris Gudonov, completed this tone poem on the night on which the depicted event is purported to have taken place, St. John's. For 10 points, what is this composition, a work about a gathering of witches by Modest Mussorgsky?

ANSWER: St. John's Night on Bald Mountain or St. John's Night on the Bare Mountain

11. This document spoke of a union that “produced benefits so remarkably important…that the wonder and envy of other Nations were excited,” but which had been hurt by “domestic dangers” that seemed “to be injurious to the commerce and prosperity of” this document’s receiving country.  It was drafted seven years after the last of its author’s Letters from a Pennsylvania Farmer.  This letter was carried by Robert Penn, but both he and this document were never seen by its intended recipient.  For 10 points, name this document called for by John Dickinson and intended for George III, a document adopted by the Second Continental Congress that asked for peace with Great Britain at the beginning of the Revolutionary War.

ANSWER: Olive Branch Petition 

12. He postulated that one's economic decisions are motivated more by expected future income than current income in his “permanent income hypothesis,” and he referred to the Great Depression as the Great Contraction.  Having spoken highly of one book by John Maynard Keynes, a treatise on a certain kind of reform, he is better known for work with Edmund Phelps on the concept of a natural rate of unemployment.  The author of Capitalism and Freedom is,  for 10 points, what longtime advocate of laissez-faire economics and author of A Monetary History of the United States?

ANSWER: Milton Friedman

13. In one model organism, the expression of DEF or GLO genes in conjunction with expression of PLENA and FARINELLI genes controls the development of these structures, an example of the interaction between B and C class transcription factors. They are didynamous if they occur in two different pairs of lengths and can be adnate or connate. Collectively called the androecium, dehiscence frees pollen from their microsporangia. They are contained within a flower's perianth, arranged around the pistil. For 10 points, consisting of a filament and an anther, name these male organs of flowers.

ANSWER: Stamen (take anther before it is mentioned)

14. Its opening epigraph features the suicidal Cumean Sibyl. In it, Stetson is asked if a corpse planted in his garden has begun to sprout. Belladonna, the Lady of the Rocks, a “man with three staves”, and “the Wheel” are in the “wicked pack of cards” held by Madame Sosostris. A woman frets about her husband Albert in “A Game of Chess”, and Phlebas the Phoenician drowns in “Death by Water”. This poem’s last section, “What the Thunder Said”, interprets the Hindu word “Da” three times and ends by repeating the word “Shantih” three times. Tiresias narrates “The Fire Sermon,” while another narrator laments the “Unreal City” in its first section, “Burial of the Dead”. For 10 points, this is what long ramble which notes that “April is the cruelest month”, a reference-laden poem by T.S. Eliot?

ANSWER: The Waste Land

15. In one story, this figure is disguised as the island farmer Grimner and tries to convince Geirrod to be good, but this god later visits Geirrod and finds Geirrod has taken to torturing guests. Another time, this figure takes the name Bolverk and works for Bauge in order to gain access to Suttung's cellar, wherein the work of Galar and Fjalar with Kvaser's blood could be found. This god also takes on the name of Gangraad when he challenges Vafthrudner, and his eventual victory comes when he asks what he whispered to Baldur on Baldur's funeral pyre. His eight-legged horse is named Sleipnir, and he drank from Mimer's well at the cost of an eye. FTP, name this god who brought mead to Asgard, the husband of Frigg and father of Thor.

ANSWER: Odin or Woden or Wotan

16. With Imogen Cunningham, Willard van Dyke, and Edward Weston, this man founded the San Francisco-based Group f/64, and while working in New Mexico he was introduced to Alfred Stieglitz, who exhibited much of this man’s work in his New York galleries. One of his most famous works depicts a small New Mexico town at sunset, Moonrise: Hernandez, but he is better known for photographs taken at the location of El Capitan and Half Dome.  Famous for his lifetime collaboration with the Sierra Club, For 10 points, name this photographer, most famous for his work in Yosemite National Park.

ANSWER: Ansel Adams

17.The de Hass-van Alphen and Shubnikov-de Hass effects describe oscillations that can be used to measure the cross section of the surface named for this man. A method used for calculation of the transition rate from one eigenstate to a continuum of eigenstates is known as his golden rule and at zero temperature the chemical potential is equal to his namesake level. Along with Dirac, he names a set of statistics used to describe particles with spin ½. He is more famous for conducting an experiment at a squash court at the University of Chicago leading to the discovery of fission. For 10 points, name this Italian-American physicist.

Answer: Enrico Fermi 

18. Its imperial charter established the Gbara, or Grand Assembly, to which 29 clans each had a representative. Its origin can be found in the battle of Kirina, in which Sumanguru Soso was defeated by the Mandinka under Sundiata Keita. While a general named Sagmandia recaptured the city of Gao for it, a noted ruler went on hajj in 1324 and gave away so much gold that its value hyperinflated in Egypt. In addition to Musa, several other mansas ruled this empire, which was largely subsumed by Songhai. For 10 points, name this West African empire with capital at Niani and a major trading post at Timbuktu.

ANSWER: Mali

19. In the essay "A propos du 'style' de Flaubert," this author admitted to disagreeing with Flaubert's conclusions but nonetheless admiring his dialect.  He translated John Ruskin's Bible of Amiens and Sesame and Lilies, without knowing much English, and gradually retreated from his high society life into a soundproof room in order to begin his greatest work.  That work contains a variety of characters including Odette, the woman the protagonist eventually marries, the homosexual Baron de Charlus, and the lesbian Albertine who dies in a riding accident.  The protagonist of that work, published in seven volumes, has the same name as the author, and the work is better translated as In Search of Lost Time.  For 10 points, name this French author of Remembrance of Things Past.

ANSWER: Valentin Louis Georges Eugène Marcel Proust

20. He served as Minister of Health immediately before becoming Chancellor of the Exchequer for Stanley Baldwin, but never presented a budget.  Returning to the Ministry of Health, he abolished workhouses and sowed the seeds of the welfare state.  Two years later, as Exchequer again for Ramsay MacDonald's government, he began purchasing mines and factories to weather the Depression.  For 10 points, identify this British Prime Minister who proclaimed “peace in our time” as he returned in 1938 from the Munich agreement, at which he had worked out a deal of appeasement with Adolf Hitler.

ANSWER: Neville Chamberlain

2008 No Name Tournament

Questions by Bruce Arthur, George Berry, Bryce Durgin, Ian Eppler, Carsten Gehring, Auroni Gupta,  Matt Jackson, Shantanu Jha, Anurag Kashyap, Hannah Kirsch, George Stevens, Andy Watkins, Zhao Zhang

Packet 1-Bonuses

1. Answer some questions about the aftermath of Genghis Khan's death, for 10 points each.

[10] Genghis Khan had ruled this empire, which at its peak contained over one hundred million people.

ANSWER: Mongolian empire [accept Mongols, accept Mongolyn Ezent Guren, accept Ikh Mongol Uls]

[10] After months of debate, the kurultai confirmed that this third son of Genghis Khan should succeed him as Great Khan.

ANSWER: Ogedei Khan [or Oktay Khan]

[10] It was during Ogedei's reign that the Mongols defeated the Jin and subsequently finished the construction of this capital. Kublai Khan later moved the capital from this city to Shangdu.

ANSWER: Karakorum

2. The title character is shocked to learn that his friend Paul Riesling shot his wife Zilla, and that action leads the protagonist to associate with Tanis Judique and Seneca Doane. for 10 points each:

[10] Name this work in which the title character eventually returns to his old habits after the sickness of his wife, Myra, brings him back to his senses.

ANSWER: Babbitt (accept George F. Babbitt)

[10] This author of such works as Dodsworth and Elmer Gantry wrote Babbitt.

ANSWER: (Harry) Sinclair Lewis

[10] The protagonist of this other Lewis work starts out in the small town of Elk Mills, but ends up traveling all over as he practices medicine and conducts research.

ANSWER: Arrowsmith (accept Martin Arrowsmith)

3. Its namesake binding protein has a saddle structure, has four phenylalanine residues in the C-terminal area, and binds to the minor groove and a beta sheet, for 10 points each:

[10] Name this DNA sequence followed by the poly-adenine tail and is the binding site of RNA polymerase II.

ANSWER: TATA box or Goldberg-Hogness box

[10] Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and beta thalassemia are associated with defects in this region of DNA which encompasses the TATA box. It usually located upstream of their related genes.

ANSWER: Promoter regions

[10] Promoters facilitate this process, which involves elongation. It synthesizes and transcribes DNA into a complementary RNA strand.

ANSWER: Transcription

4. Name some things related to prisons, for 10 points each.

[10] Researchers at this California university performed a namesake “prison experiment,” which was stopped after six days due to brutality.

ANSWER: Stanford University

[10] Jeremy Bentham designed this theoretical prison, in which every prisoner can be unknowingly observed from a single point.

ANSWER: Panopticon

[10]This 20th century French structuralist philosopher addressed the Panopticon and the history of prisons in his Discipline and Punish.

ANSWER: Michel Foucault

5. The Marvel Comics universe was bitterly divided over the ramifications of an incident in Stamford, Connecticut. For 10 points each,

[10] First, name this recent conflict over the Superhuman Registration Act.

ANSWER: Superhero Civil War

[10] This superhero fought Captain America by leading the pro-registration side of the Civil War; he set aside his leadership of Stark Industries to do so.

ANSWER: Iron Man (prompt Tony Stark)

[10] It was recently revealed that many recent events, including the Civil War, were orchestrated by this alien race, whose sleeper agents have replaced several heroes in a "Secret Invasion."

ANSWER: Skrulls

6. It emerged as the Fabian Society, the Social Democratic Federation, and unions shifted support away from the Liberals, and was officially founded in 1900. For 10 points each,

[10] First, name this political party.

Answer: Labour Party of the United Kingdom

[10] This Scottish socialist was an independent member of Britain's Parliament from 1892 to 1895 and became the Labour Party’s first leader in 1900.

Answer: Keir Hardie

[10] The Labour Party’s first Prime Minister was this man, who dealt with allegations of Communism and the Great Depression before being replaced by Conservative PM Stanley Baldwin.

Answer: Ramsay MacDonald

7. For 10 points each, name these recipients of idol worship in ancient Israel.

[10] While Moses spent his forty days on Sinai, the Israelites danced around this creation. When Moses saw it, he got so enraged that he smashed the tablets he received.

Answer: Golden Calf (do not accept “Golden Bull”)

[10] The Golden Calf may have represented this fire god; the book of Leviticus specifically forbids the sacrificing of children to him.

Answer: Molech or Moloch (prompt “Ba’al”)

[10] Moloch was often conflated with this deity, the chief god of the Canaanites. The prophet Elijah proved that this god would not listen to the priests that sacrificed bulls to him.

Answer: Ba’al

8. Name these Soviet composers, for 10 points each:

[10] This man who collaborated with Sergei Eisenstein on the scores for Alexander Nevsky and Ivan the Terrible is more famous for an opera in which the French Horn voices the titular animal in Pieter and the Wolf.

ANSWER: Sergei Prokofiev

[10] In this man's Leningrad Symphony, he depicts the Nazi Germany invasion of Russia, and he is also famous for the opera, The Nose, in which Kovalyov finds the titular body part in his bread.

ANSWER: Dmitri Shostakovich

[10] This member of the Mighty Five composed an opera in which a prince in a military campaign against the Polovtsian Turks, Prince Igor, but is also notable for composing In the Steppes of Central Asia.

ANSWER: Alexander Borodin

9. This man founded the Abbey Theatre along with Lady Gregory and Edward Martyn. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this poet of “Lapis Lazuli”, “The Wild Swans at Coole”, “Easter, 1916", and "The Second Coming."

ANSWER: William Butler Yeats

[10] The speaker wishes to travel to the titular place such that he can take “such a form as Grecian goldsmiths make”. Oh yeah, he leaves his home because “that is no country for old men”.

ANSWER: “Sailing to Byzantium”

[10] The speaker hears “water lapping with low sounds by the shore” in the titular geographical region. Earlier, he expressed a wish to have a “small cabin [built] there; of clay and wattles made;”

ANSWER: “Lake Isle of Innisfree”

10. Name these things related to mountains in Colorado, for 10 points each.

[10]This mountain, located west of Colorado Springs, is named for a noted explorer. Its summit can be reached by a cog railway.

ANSWER: Pikes Peak

[10]Pikes Peak is located in this portion of the Rocky Mountains, the easternmost portion of the Rockies.

ANSWER: Front Range

[10]This mountain, named for a governor of the territory of Colorado, is the highest in the Rocky Mountains.

ANSWER: Mt. Elbert

11. It can be stated as F = ma, or an applied force is equal to the mass multiplied by the object's acceleration, for ten points each:

[10] Name this law of physics which was stated with its two brothers in its formulator's Principia Mathematica.

ANSWER: Newton's second law of motion (prompt on second law)

[10] Integrating Newton's second law with respect to time gives this quantity on the left hand side, which is defined as the change in momentum.

ANSWER: impulse

[10] This theorem is the quantum mechanical equivalent of Newton's second law. It describes the relationship between the time derivative of an operator's expected value to the commutator and the Hamiltonian.

ANSWER: Ehrenfest theorem

12. This book tells of the story of the hero twins, Xbalanque and Hunahpu. For 10 points each,

[10] Name this book written in Quiche, whose name translates to roughly "Community Book."

ANSWER: Popol Vuh

[10] The Popol Vuh is the central codex of this Mesoamerican culture, who were known for their written language and their calendar. Many of their cities were mysteriously abandoned.

ANSWER: Maya

[10] This is the name of the Mayan underworld. The Hero Twins went here to revenge their parents and uncle, who were invited here to play ball, and then were murdered.

ANSWER: Xibalba

13. His works include the short story collection Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka and a novel about a Cossack warrior, Taras Bulba. For 10 points each,

[10]Name this author of “The Overcoat.”

ANSWER: Nikolai Gogol

[10]This Gogol novel's protagonist, Chichikov, buys the title entities from Maniloff, and Nozdreff wants to play cards with him for the title entities.

ANSWER: Dead Souls

[10]In this Gogol play, mayor Anton Antonovich attempts to prepare his town for the title visitor. However, Khlestakov is mistaken for the title visitor, and hilarity ensues.

ANSWER: The Inspector-General

14. The ansa variety of these compounds contain intramolecular bridges, for 10 points each:

[10] Name these compounds with a Kaminsky variety and which consist of two cyclopentadienyl ligands, the most notable example of which is ferrocene.

ANSWER: Metallocenes

[10] Cationic group 4 metallocenes, such as Ziegler-Natta catalysts, are used to catalyze polymerization of these compounds, which notably undergo metathesis and contain one carbon carbon double bond.

ANSWER: Olefins or alkenes

[10] Adding elements from this group to alkenes can produce vicinal alkanes. Examples of elements from this group, number 17, are fluorine and chlorine.

ANSWER: Halogens

15. Its members included Anna Pavlova and Vaslav Nijinsky. For 10 points each,

[10]Name this 20th-century Paris dance company, which was famously innovative and performed works by Stravinsky and Rimsky-Koursakov.

ANSWER: Ballet(s) Russe

[10]This Russian patron of the arts founded the Ballets Russe along with Michel Fokine.

ANSWER: Sergei Diaghilev

[10]This choreographer became ballet master for the Ballets Russe in 1925 and later founded the New York City Ballet.

ANSWER: George Balanchine

16. It was adopted when the National Convention declared 1793 to be renamed Year II as part of de-Christianization and ended with a decree by Napoleon in 1806. For 10 points each –

[10] Name this unpopular system of keeping time that renamed the months in the First Republic.

ANSWER: French revolutionary or French republican calendar

[10] In this month corresponding to the Gregorian month July, a 1794 ‘reaction’ caused the Reign of Terror to turn on itself.

ANSWER: Thermidor (accept Thermidorean Reaction)

[10] Corresponding to late October and early November, this month saw Abbé Sieyés and Napoleon Bonaparte organizing a 1799 coup, which brought Napoleon to power.

ANSWER: Brumaire

17. Name these South African writers, for 10 points each:

[10] Short stories by this author include “Ah, But Your Land is Beautiful”, and his longer works such as Too Late the Phalarope and Cry, the Beloved Country drew on his time spent touring penal facilities.

ANSWER: Alan Paton

[10] A hare-lipped gardener is the title character of this man's novel The Life and Times of Michael K. His other works include one inspired by a Constantine Cavafy poem, Waiting for the Barbarians.

ANSWER: John Maxwell "J.M." Coetzee

[10] This writer won the 1991 Nobel Prize in Literature. She is most famous for The Conservationist and another novel about a fictional black revolution against apartheid, July's People.

ANSWER: Nadine Gordimer

18. It has a K and albite varieties, for ten points each:

[10] Name this mineral prominent in the crust which includes orthoclase and plagioclase.

ANSWER: Feldspar

[10] Celsian and hyalophane are examples of feldspars named for this element because it replaces potassium. It has symbol Ba.

ANSWER: Barium

[10] Alkali feldspars are often visible in this type rock, the intrusive equivalent of rhyolite.

ANSWER: Granite

19. For 10 points each, name these eighteenth-century American rebellions.

[10] This 1787 rebellion of Massachusetts farmers was incited by discontent over currency laws and inability to pay debts during a credit crisis.

ANSWER: Shays’ Rebellion

[10] These Scots-Irish rebels massacred Indians in Conestoga, Pennsylvania, and threatened to burn down Philadelphia because of their lack of protection from Pontiac’s attacks.

ANSWER: Paxton Boys

[10] This protracted revolt by North Carolina rural folk against tax sheriffs tested the colonial governments of Arthur Dobbs and William Tyron from 1764 to 1771.

ANSWER: Regulation movement or War of the Regulation or Regulators

20. For 10 points each, name the following sculptures by Michelangelo.

[10] Now housed in the Galleria dell’Accademia in Florence, this 1504 work depicts the title character with a sling over his shoulder, about to fight Goliath.

ANSWER: David

[10] Michelangelo created this 1515 work for the tomb of Pope Julius II. It features the “horns” often seen in icons of the titular subject.

ANSWER: Moses

[10] This work, depicting Jesus following the crucifixion, is now housed in St. Peter’s Basilica, but Michelangelo had to sneak into the Chapel of Santa Petronilla, its first home, to carve his name into one of the figure’s belt.

ANSWER: Pieta

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