1 - Maine



Fire Fighting/Public Safety Standards and Competencies

Security and Protective Services (43.0000), Fire Science/Fire-Fighting (43.0203)

Industry Standard(s): Maine Fire Service Institute (MFSI) Firefighter I & II Training



Note: The competencies and framework align with the National Fire Protection Association’s standards for professional qualifications of fire fighters. The competencies, as written, are used with permission from Fundamentals of Fire Fighter Skills: Evidence-Based Practices, Third Edition, Copyright 2017 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company, and the National Fire Protection Association.

Framework, Duties and Tasks

I. The Orientation and History of the Fire Service

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. List five guidelines for successful fire fighter training.

2. Describe the general requirements for becoming a fire fighter.

3. Outline the roles and responsibilities of a Fire Fighter I.

4. Describe the common positions of fire fighters within the fire department.

5. Describe the specialized response roles within the fire department.

6. Explain the concept of governance and describe how the fire department’s regulations, policies, and standard operating procedures affect it.

7. Locate information in department documents and standard operating procedures.

8. List the different types of fire department companies and describe their functions.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

9. Outline the responsibilities of a Fire Fighter II.

10. Describe the roles of a Fire Fighter II within the fire department.

II. Fire Fighter Safety

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. List the major causes of death and injury in fire fighters.

2. Explain how to submit a Near Miss Report.

3. List the three groups whom fire fighters must always consider when ensuring safety at the incident scene.

4. List and describe the four components of a fire fighter safety program.

5. Describe the 16 fire fighter life safety initiatives.

6. Describe the connection between physical fitness and fire fighter safety.

7. Explain the practices fire fighters should take to promote optimal physical and mental health.

8. Describe the purpose of an employee assistance program.

9. Explain how fire fighter candidates, instructors, and veteran fire fighters work together to ensure safety during training.

10. Describe the steps to ensure safety when responding to an emergency.

11. Describe the steps to ensure safety when driving to an emergency incident.

12. List the four general principles that govern emergency vehicle operation.

13. List the guidelines for safe emergency vehicle response.

14. Explain how the teamwork concept is applied during every stage of an emergency incident to ensure the safety of all fire fighters.

15. Describe how the personnel accountability system is implemented during an emergency incident.

16. List the common hazards at an emergency incident.

17. Describe the measures fire fighters follow to ensure electrical safety at an emergency incident.

18. Describe how to lift and move objects safely.

19. Explain how rehabilitation is used to protect the safety of fire fighters during an emergency incident.

20. Explain the role of a critical incident stress debriefing in preserving the mental well-being of fire fighters.

21. Describe how to ensure safety at the fire station.

22. Describe how to ensure safety outside the workplace.

III. Personal Protective Equipment and Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. List components of personal protective equipment (PPE) or the structural firefighting ensemble.

2. Describe the type of protection provided by the structural firefighting ensemble.

3. Explain how each design element of a fire helmet works to protect the head, face, and eyes.

4. Explain why protective hoods are a part of the structural firefighting ensemble.

5. Explain how each design element of a turnout coat works to protect the upper body.

6. Describe how each design element of boots works to protect the feet.

7. Describe how each design element of gloves works to protect the hands and wrist.

8. Explain how a personal alert safety system (PASS) helps to ensure fire fighter safety.

9. List the limitations of PPE.

10. Explain the role of the fighter’s work uniform as part of the PPE ensemble.

11. Describe how to inspect the condition of PPE.

12. Describe how to properly maintain PPE.

13. Describe the specialized protective clothing required for vehicle extrication and wildland fires.

14. List the respiratory hazards posed by smoke and fire.

15. List the conditions that require respiratory protection or self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

16. Describe the differences between open-circuit breathing apparatus and closed-circuit breathing apparatus.

17. Describe when a supplied-air respirator is used.

18. Describe the limitations of SCBA.

19. Describe the physical and psychological limitations of an SCBA user.

20. List and describe the major components of SCBA.

21. Describe the devices on an SCBA that can assist the user in air management.

22. Describe the pathway that air travels through an SCBA.

23. Explain the skip-breathing technique.

24. Explain how to inspect SCBA to ensure that it is operation ready.

25. List the complete sequence of donning PPE.

26. Describe the importance if SCBA inspections and SCBA operational testing.

27. Explain the procedures for refilling SCBA cylinders.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

28. Don approved personal protective clothing.

29. Doff approved personal protective clothing.

30. Don an SCBA from an apparatus seat mount.

31. Don an SCBA from a compartment mount.

32. Don an SCBA from a storage case using the over-the-head method.

33. Don an SCBA from a storage case using the coat method.

34. Don an SCBA from a seat-mounted position with a safety latch.

35. Don a face piece.

36. Doff an SCBA.

37. Perform a visual inspection of an SCBA.

38. Perform an operational inspection of an SCBA.

39. Replace an SCBA cylinder.

40. Replace an SCBA cylinder on another fire fighter.

41. Refill an SCBA cylinder from a cascade system.

42. Clean an SCBA.

IV. Fire Service Communications

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the role of the communications center in the fire service.

2. Describe the role and responsibilities of a telecommunicator.

3. List the requirements of a communication center.

4. Describe the equipment used in a communications center.

5. Describe how computer-aided dispatch assists in dispatching the correct resources to an emergency incident.

6. Describe the basic services provided by the communications center.

7. List the five major steps in processing an emergency incident.

8. Describe how telecommunicators conduct a telephone interrogation.

9. Describe how municipal fire alarm systems, private and automatic fire alarm systems, and citizens can activate the emergency response system.

10. Describe how location validation systems operate.

11. Describe the three types of fire service radios.

12. Describe how two-way radio systems operate.

13. Explain how a repeater system works to enhance fire service communications.

14. Explain how a trunking system works to enhance fire service communications.

15. Describe the basic principles of effective radio communication.

16. Describe when to use plain language and how ten-codes are implemented in fire service communications.

17. Outline the information provided in arrival and progress reports.

18. Describe fire department procedures for answering nonemergency business and personal telephone calls.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

19. Initiative a response to a simulated emergency.

20. Observe the operation of a communications center.

21. Display how to use a portable radio.

22. Operate and answer the fire station telephone.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

23. Define emergency traffic.

24. Explain how to initiate a mayday call.

25. Describe common evacuation signals.

26. Explain the importance of an incident report to the entire fire service.

27. Describe how to collect the necessary information for a thorough incident report.

28. Describe the resources that list the codes utilized in incident reports.

29. Explain the consequences of an incomplete or inaccurate incident report.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

30. Display how to use a portable radio.

31. Describe how to use the National Fire Incident Reporting System Data Entry Tool.

V. Incident Command System

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the characteristics of the incident command system.

2. Explain the organization of the incident command system.

3. Function within an assigned role within the incident command system.

4. Organize and coordinate an incident command system until command is transferred.

5. Transfer command within an incident command system.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

1. Operate within the incident command system.

2. Assume command.

3. Transfer command.

VI. Fire Behavior

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the chemistry of fire.

2. List the three states of matter.

3. List the five forms of energy.

4. Explain the concept of the fire triangle.

5. Describe the chemistry of combustion.

6. Describe the by-products of combustion.

7. Explain how fires are spread by conduction, convection, and radiation.

8. Define flow path and describe how it influences the growth of a building fire.

9. Describe the four methods of extinguishing fires.

10. Define Class A, B, C, D, and K fires.

11. Describe the importance of the following characteristics in solid-fuel fires: composition of fuel, amount of fuel, and configuration of fuel.

12. Describe the four stages of fire development: incipient stage, growth stage, fully developed stage, and decay stage.

13. Define the following terms: thermal layering, rollover, backdraft, flashover, rapid fire growth, and ventilation-limited fires.

14. Describe the conditions that cause thermal layering.

15. Describe the conditions that lead to rollover.

16. Describe the conditions that lead to a backdraft.

17. Describe the condition that lead to rapid fire growth.

18. Describe the conditions that lead to a ventilation-limited fire.

19. Describe how fire behaves in modern structures.

20. Describe how the wind effect impacts fire behavior.

21. Describe the characteristics of liquid-fuel fires.

22. Define the characteristics of gas-fuel fires.

23. Explain the concept of vapor density.

24. Explain the concept of flammability limits.

25. Describe the causes and effects of a boiling liquid/expanding vapor explosion.

26. Describe the process of reading smoke

VII. Building Construction

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Explain how occupancy classifications affect fire suppression operations.

2. Explain how the contents of a structure affect fire suppression operation.

3. Describe the characteristics of masonry building materials.

4. Describe the characteristics of concrete building materials.

5. Describe the characteristics of steel building materials.

6. Describe the characteristics of glass building materials.

7. Describe the characteristics of gypsum building materials.

8. Describe the characteristics of wood building materials.

9. Describe the characteristics of engineered wood building materials.

10. Describe the characteristics of plastic building materials.

11. List the five types of building construction.

12. Describe the characteristics of Type I construction.

13. Describe the effects of fire on Type I construction.

14. Describe the characteristics of Type II construction.

15. Describe the effects of fire on Type II construction.

16. Describe the characteristics of Type III construction.

17. Describe the effects of fire on Type III construction.

18. Describe the characteristics of Type IV construction.

19. Describe the effects of fire on Type IV construction.

20. Describe the characteristics of Type V construction.

21. Describe the effects of fire on Type V construction.

22. Describe the characteristics of balloon-frame construction.

23. Describe the effects of fire on balloon-frame construction.

24. Describe the characteristics of platform-frame construction.

25. Describe the effects of fire on platform-frame construction.

26. Describe the purpose of a foundation in a structure.

27. List the warning signs of foundation collapse.

28. Explain how floor construction affects fire suppression operations.

29. Describe the characteristics of fire-resistive floors.

30. Describe the characteristics of wood-supported floors.

31. Describe the characteristics of ceiling assemblies.

32. List the three primary types of roofs.

33. Describe the characteristics of trusses.

34. List the types of trusses.

35. Describe the effects of fires on trusses.

36. Describe the characteristics of walls.

37. List the common types of walls in structures.

38. Describe the characteristics of door assemblies.

39. Describe the characteristics of window assemblies.

40. Describe the characteristics of fire doors.

41. Describe the characteristics of fire windows.

42. Explain the effect that interior finishes have on fire suppression operations.

43. Describe the hazards that buildings under construction or demolition pose to fire fighters.

44. Describe how building construction factors into pre-incident planning and incident size-up.

VIII. Portable Fire Extinguishers

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. State the primary purposes of fire extinguishers.

2. Define Class A fires.

3. Define Class B fires.

4. Define Class C fires.

5. Define Class K fires.

6. Explain the classification and rating system for fire extinguishers.

7. Describe the types of agents used in fire extinguishers.

8. Describe the types of operating systems in fire extinguishers.

9. Describe the basic steps of fire extinguisher operation.

10. Explain the basic steps of inspecting, maintaining, recharging, and hydrostatic testing of fire extinguishers.

11. Select the proper class of fire extinguishers.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

12. Transport the extinguisher to the location of the fire.

13. Attack a Class A fire with stored-pressure water-type fire extinguisher.

14. Attack a Class A fire with multipurpose dry-chemical fire extinguisher.

15. Attack a Class B flammable liquid fire with a dry-chemical fire extinguisher.

16. Attack a Class B flammable liquid fire with a stored-pressure foam fire extinguisher.

17. Operate a carbon dioxide extinguisher.

18. Use a halogenated agent-type extinguisher.

19. Use dry-powder fire-extinguishing agents.

20. Use a wet-chemical (Class K) fire extinguisher.

IX. Fire Fighter Tools and Equipment

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the general purposes of tools and equipment.

2. Describe the safety considerations for the use of tools and equipment.

3. Describe why it is important to use tools and equipment effectively.

4. Describe why it is important for you to know where tools are stored.

5. List and describe tools and equipment that are used for rotating.

6. List and describe tools and equipment that are used for pushing or pulling.

7. List and describe tools and equipment that are used for prying or spreading.

8. List and describe tools and equipment that are used for striking.

9. List and describe tools and equipment that are used for cutting.

10. Describe the tools used in response and scene size-up activities.

11. Describe the tools used in a forcible entry.

12. Describe the tools used during an interior attack.

13. Describe ventilation tools.

14. Describe the hand tools needed during an overhaul assignment.

15. Explain how tools and equipment are staged for rapid access.

16. Describe the importance of properly maintaining tools and equipment.

17. Describe how to clean and inspect hand tools.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objective:

18. Describe the tools used in search and rescue operations.

19. Explain how tools and equipment are staged for rapid access.

20. Describe how to maintain power equipment and power tools.

X. Ropes and Knots

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the three primary types of fire service rope.

2. List the two types of life safety rope and their minimum breaking strength.

3. Describe the characteristics of escape rope.

4. Describe the characteristics of utility ropes.

5. List the advantages of synthetic fiber ropes.

6. List the types of synthetic fibers that are used in fire service rope.

7. Describe how twisted ropes are constructed.

8. Describe how braided ropes are constructed.

9. Describe how kernmantle ropes are constructed.

10. Explain the differences between dynamic kernmantle rope and static kernmantle rope.

11. List the four components of the rope maintenance formula.

12. Describe how to preserve rope strength and integrity.

13. Describe how to clean rope.

14. Describe how to inspect rope.

15. Describe how to keep an accurate rope record.

16. Describe how to store rope properly.

17. List the terminology used to describe the parts of a rope when tying knots.

18. List the common types of knots that are used in the fire service.

19. Describe the characteristics of a safety knot.

20. Describe the characteristics of a hitch.

21. Describe the characteristics of a half hitch.

22. Describe the characteristics of a clove hitch.

23. Describe the characteristics of a figure eight knot.

24. Describe the characteristics of a bowline knot.

25. Describe the characteristics of a bend.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

26. Care for life safety ropes.

27. Clean fire department ropes.

28. Inspect fire department ropes.

29. Place a life safety rope in a rope bag.

30. Tie a safety knot.

31. Tie a half hitch.

32. Tie a clove hitch in the open.

33. Tie a clove hitch around an object.

34. Tie a figure eight on a bight.

35. Tie a figure eight follow-through.

36. Tie a figure eight bend.

37. Tie a bowline.

38. Tie a sheet or becket bend.

39. Tie a water knot.

40. Hoist an axe.

41. Hoist a pike pole.

42. Hoist a ladder.

43. Hoist a charged hose line.

44. Hoist an uncharged hose line.

45. Hoist an exhaust fan or power tool.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

46. Describe the hardware, components used during a rope rescue.

47. Describe the characteristics of a carabiner.

48. Describe the characteristics of a harness.

49. List the types of incidents that might require a rope rescue.

XI. Response and Size-Up

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Explain how fire stations receive and process dispatch information.

2. Identify the information in a typical dispatch message.

3. Describe how to safely ride a fire apparatus to an emergency scene.

4. List the NFPA standards that require fire fighters to wear safety belts while riding in a fire apparatus.

5. List the prohibited practices when riding in a fire apparatus to an emergency scene.

6. Describe how to manage traffic safely at an emergency scene.

7. Describe the actions fire fighters must take when arriving at an emergency scene.

8. Explain how to shut off a structure’s electrical service.

9. Explain how to shut off a structure’s gas service.

10. Explain how to shut off a structure’s water service.

11. Describe the process of performing an initial size-up.

12. List the two basic categories of information used in the size-up process.

13. Explain how the size-up process determines the resources required at the emergency incident.

14. List the five objectives of an incident action plan.

15. Describe the two method of attack used to extinguish a fire.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

16. Mount an apparatus safely.

17. Dismount from an apparatus safely.

XII. Forcible Entry

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the situations and circumstances that require forcible entry into a structure.

2. List the general safety rules to follow when utilizing forcible entry tools.

3. List the general carrying tips when utilizing forcible entry tools.

4. List the general maintenance tips when utilizing forcible entry tools.

5. List the types of tools used in forcible entry.

6. List the striking tools used in forcible entry.

7. Describe the tasks that striking tools are used for in forcible entry.

8. List the cutting tools used in forcible entry.

9. Describe the tasks that cutting tools are used for in forcible entry.

10. List the lock and specialty tools used in forcible entry.

11. Describe the tasks that lock and specialty tools are used for in forcible entry.

12. Describe the basic components of a door.

13. Explain the differences between a solid-core and hollow-core door.

14. Describe the basic classifications of doors.

15. Explain how the door classification affects forcible entry operations.

16. Describe the basic configuration of window construction.

17. Describe the common styles of window frames.

18. Explain how the style of window frame affects forcible entry operations.

19. Describe the major components of a door lock.

20. Describe the major components of a padlock.

21. Describe the four major types of locks.

22. Explain how the type of lock affects forcible entry operations.

23. Describe the tools used to force entry through locks.

24. Describe how to force entry through security gates and windows.

25. Explain the differences between load-bearing and nonbearing walls.

26. Describe the materials used in exterior and interior walls.

27. List the basic steps and considerations in forcible entry operations.

28. Describe how forcible entry operations affect salvage operations.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

1. Force entry into an inward-opening door.

2. Force entry into an outward-opening door.

3. Open an overhead garage door using the triangle method.

4. Force entry through a wooden double-hung window.

5. Force entry through a casement window.

6. Force entry through a projected window.

7. Force entry using a K tool.

8. Force entry using an A tool.

9. Force entry by unscrewing a lock.

10. Breach a wall frame.

11. Breach a masonry wall.

12. Breach a metal wall.

13. Breach a floor.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

14. Describe the connection between tools and forcible entry tasks.

XIII. Ladders

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. List and describe the parts of a ladder.

2. Categorize the different types of ladders.

3. Inspect ladders.

4. Maintain ladders.

5. Clean ladders.

6. Describe when, where, and who performs service testing on ladders.

7. Specify the hazards associated with ladders.

8. Itemize the measures fire fighters should take to ensure safety when working with and on ladders.

9. Cite the factors and guidelines used to select the appropriate ladder from the fire apparatus.

10. Describe how to remove a ladder from the apparatus.

11. Describe how to lift ladders.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

12. Inspect, clean, and maintain a ladder.

13. Carry a portable ladder using the one-fire fighter carry.

14. Carry a portable ladder using the two-fire fighter shoulder carry.

15. Carry a portable ladder using the three-fire fighter shoulder carry.

16. Carry a portable ladder using the two-fire fighter suitcase carry.

17. Carry a portable ladder using the three-fire fighter flat carry.

18. Carry a portable ladder using the four-fire fighter flat carry.

19. Carry a portable ladder using the three-fire fighter flat-shoulder carry.

20. Raise a portable ladder using the one-fire fighter rung raise for ladders shorter than 14 feet.

21. Raise a portable ladder using the one-fire fighter rung raise for ladders taller than 14 feet.

22. Tie the halyard.

23. Raise a portable ladder using the four-fighter beam raise.

24. Raise a portable ladder using the two-fire fighter beam raise.

25. Raise a portable ladder using the two-fire fighter rung raise.

26. Raise a portable ladder using the three-fire fighter rung raise.

27. Climb a ladder.

28. Use a leg lock to work from a ladder.

29. Deploy a roof ladder.

30. Inspect a chimney.

XIV. Search and Rescue

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the mission of search operations.

2. Describe the mission of rescue operations.

3. Explain how search and rescue operations are coordinated with other fire suppression operations.

4. Identify the factors to evaluate during a search and rescue size-up.

5. Describe how to perform a risk-benefit analysis.

6. Describe the factors that determine the level of risk faced by occupant.

7. Explain how search operations are coordinated.

8. List the priorities of search operations.

9. Describe the objectives of a primary search.

10. Describe the search patters commonly used in search operations.

11. Explain how thermal imagers are used during search operations.

12. Describe how and when search ropes are utilized during search operations.

13. Describe the role of a fire officer during search operations.

14. Explain how a vent-entry-search is commonly performed.

15. Describe the objectives of a secondary search.

16. Describe three types of searches that are used in residential fires.

17. Describe one type of search that is used in large commercial fires.

18. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of conducting a standard search.

19. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of conducting an oriented search.

20. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the oriented-vent-enter-isolate-search sequence (O-VEIS).

21. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the team search.

22. Explain how fire fighters maintain safety through risk management.

23. List the tools and equipment used in search and rescue operations.

24. Describe the methods fire fighters use to determine whether an area is tenable.

25. List the major types of rescue.

26. Describe the concept of sheltering-in-place.

27. Describe how to assist a victim to an exit.

28. List the common types of simple victim carries performed during rescue operations.

29. List the five emergency drags performed during rescue operations.

30. Describe the conditions that may require a ground ladder rescue.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

31. Conduct a standard search.

32. Conduct an oriented search.

33. Conduct an oriented-vent-enter-isolate search (O-VEIS).

34. Conduct a team search.

35. Conduct a secondary search.

36. Perform a one-person walking assist.

37. Perform a two-person walking assist.

38. Perform a two-person extremity carry.

39. Perform a two-person seat carry.

40. Perform a two-person chair carry.

41. Perform a cradle-in-arms carry.

42. Perform a clothes drag.

43. Perform a blanket drag.

44. Perform a standing drag.

45. Perform a webbing sling drag.

46. Perform a fire fighter drag.

47. Perform a one-person emergency drag from a vehicle.

48. Perform a long backboard rescue.

49. Rescue a conscious victim from a window.

50. Rescue an unconscious victim from a window.

51. Rescue an unconscious child or small adult from window.

52. Rescue a large adult.

XV. Ventilation

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the importance of including ventilation in a size-up.

2. Describe signs of a ventilation-limited fire.

3. Describe the impact of door control on ventilation.

4. Describe the impact of ventilation location.

5. Describe the impact of ventilation hole size.

6. Describe the impact of exterior suppression on fire behavior.

7. List ventilation priorities.

8. Describe the importance of the timing and coordination of ventilation and suppression.

9. Describe the effect of wind to the fire flow path.

10. Explain why keeping the lid on a fire helps to control the fire growth.

11. Describe how modern construction contributes to flashover.

12. Describe steps that can be taken to minimize backdrafts and flashovers.

13. Explain how fire research aids in effective ventilation practices.

14. Describe the role of mechanical ventilation in fire suppression.

15. Explain how fire-resistive construction affects ventilation operations.

16. Describe how the characteristics of ordinary construction affect ventilation operations.

17. Describe how the characteristics of wood-frame construction affect ventilation operations.

18. List the two basic types of ventilation.

19. Explain how horizontal ventilation removes contaminated atmosphere from a structure.

20. List the two methods of horizontal ventilation.

21. Explain how natural ventilation removes contaminated atmosphere from a structure.

22. Describe the techniques used to provide natural ventilation to a structure.

23. Explain how mechanical ventilation removes contaminated atmosphere from a structure.

24. Describe the techniques used to provide mechanical ventilation to a structure.

25. Describe how negative-pressure ventilation removes contaminated atmosphere from a structure.

26. Describe the techniques used to provide negative-pressure ventilation to a structure.

27. Describe how positive-pressure ventilation removes contaminated atmosphere from a structure.

28. Describe the advantages of positive-pressure ventilation.

29. Describe the disadvantages of positive-pressure ventilation.

30. Describe the techniques used to provide positive-pressure ventilation to a structure.

31. Describe how hydraulic ventilation removes contaminated atmosphere from a structure.

32. Describe how to ensure fire fighter safety during vertical ventilation operations.

33. Identify the warning signs of roof collapse.

34. Describe the components and characteristics of roof support structures.

35. Explain how roof construction affects fire resistance.

36. List the differences in solid-beam construction and truss construction in roofs.

37. List the basic types of roof design.

38. Describe the characteristics of flat roofs.

39. Describe the characteristics of pitched roofs.

40. Describe the characteristics of arched roofs.

41. Describe the techniques of vertical ventilation.

42. List the types of roof cuts utilized in vertical ventilation operations.

43. Describe the characteristics of a louver cut.

44. Describe the characteristics of a triangular cut.

45. Describe the characteristics of a peak cut.

46. Describe the characteristics of a trench cut.

47. Describe the special considerations in ventilating concrete roofs.

48. Describe the special considerations in ventilating metal roofs.

49. Describe the special considerations in ventilating basements.

50. Describe the special considerations in ventilating high-rise buildings.

51. Describe the special considerations in ventilating windowless buildings.

52. Describe the special considerations in ventilating large buildings.

53. Explain how to ensure that ventilation equipment is in a state of readiness.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

54. Break glass with a hand tool.

55. Break a window with a ladder.

56. Break a window with a Halligan tool.

57. Deliver negative-pressure ventilation.

58. Deliver positive-pressure ventilation.

59. Perform hydraulic ventilation.

60. Sound a roof.

61. Operate a power saw.

62. Perform a rectangular cut.

63. Make a louver cut.

64. Make a triangular cut.

65. Make a peak cut.

66. Make a trench cut.

67. Perform a readiness check on a power saw.

68. Maintain a power saw.

XVI. Water Supply

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the equipment and procedures that are used to access static sources of water.

2. Describe the characteristics of a mobile water supply apparatus.

3. Describe the advantages of a portable tank system.

4. Describe how municipal water systems supply water to communities.

5. List the types of fire hydrants.

6. Describe the characteristics of wet-barrel hydrants.

7. Describe the characteristics of dry barrel hydrants.

8. Describe the common guidelines that govern the location of fire hydrants.

9. Describe how to inspect a fire hydrant.

10. Describe how to test a fire hydrant.

11. Explain the principles of fire hydraulics.

12. Describe how water flow is measured.

13. Describe how water pressure is measured.

14. Explain how friction loss affects water pressure.

15. Explain how elevation pressure affects water pressure.

16. Explain how elevation pressure affects water pressure.

17. Describe how to prevent water hammer.

18. List the two types of fire hose.

19. Describe the characteristics of small-diameter hose.

20. Describe the characteristics of medium-diameter hose.

21. Describe the characteristics of large-diameter hose.

22. Explain how fire hose is constructed.

23. Describe the characteristics of double-jacket hose.

24. Describe the characteristics of rubber-jacket hose.

25. Describe the characteristics of couplings.

26. List the common types of couplings.

27. Describe the two types of supply hose.

28. List the common types of hose damage.

29. Describe how to clean and maintain hose.

30. Describe how to perform a hose inspection.

31. List the common hose appliances used in conjunction with fire hoses.

32. Describe the characteristics of wye.

33. Describe the characteristics of water thieves.

34. Describe the characteristics of Siamese connections.

35. Describe the characteristics of reducers.

36. Describe the characteristics of hose jackets.

37. Describe the characteristics of hose rollers.

38. Describe the characteristics of hose clamps.

39. Describe the types of valves used to control water in pipes or hose lines.

40. List the common types of hose rolls used to organize supply hose.

41. Describe the procedures used to connect supply lines to a fire hydrant.

42. Describe the common types of supply line evolutions.

43. Describe the common techniques used to load supply hose.

44. Describe the common techniques used to carry and advance supply hose.

45. Describe the two types of standpipe systems.

46. Describe how to unload a fire hose.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

47. Set up a portable tank.

48. Operate a fire hydrant.

49. Shut down a fire hydrant.

50. Test a fire hydrant.

51. Replace the swivel gasket on a fire hose.

52. Perform the one-fire fighter foot-tilt method of coupling a fire hose.

53. Perform the two-fire fighter method of coupling a fire hose.

54. Perform the one-fire fighter knee-press method of uncoupling a fire hose.

55. Perform the two-fire fighter stiff-arm method of uncoupling a fire hose.

56. Uncouple a fire hose with a spanner wrench.

57. Connect two lines with a damaged coupling.

58. Clean and maintain fire hose.

59. Mark a defective hose.

60. Perform a straight hose roll.

61. Perform a single-doughnut roll.

62. Perform a twin-doughnut roll.

63. Perform a self-locking twin-doughnut roll.

64. Perform a forward hose lay.

65. Attach a fire hose to a four-way hydrant valve.

66. Perform a reverse hose lay.

67. Perform a split hose lay.

68. Perform a flat hose load.

69. Perform a horseshoe hose load.

70. Perform an accordion hose load.

71. Attach a soft suction hose to a fire hydrant.

72. Attach a hard suction hose to a fire hydrant.

73. Perform a working hose drag.

74. Perform a shoulder carry.

75. Advance an accordion load.

76. Connect a hose line to supply a fire department connection.

77. Replace a damaged hose line.

78. Drain a fire hose.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

79. Describe how to perform a service test on a fire hose.

80. List the information that should be noted on a hose record.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

81. Perform an annual service test.

XVII. Fire Attack and Foam

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. List the standard sizes of attack hoses.

2. Describe the characteristics of booster hose.

3. Describe the general procedures that are followed during attach line evolutions.

4. Describe the procedures to follow when advancing attack hose.

5. Describe where to position an attack line for a transitional fire attack, an offensive interior fire attack, and a defensive fire attack.

6. Describe the uses of large diameter hose as an attack line.

7. Describe how to extend an attack line.

8. Describe how to advance an attack line from a standpipe.

9. Describe how to replace a defective section of attack hose.

10. List the three classifications of nozzles.

11. Describe the characteristics of smooth-bore nozzles.

12. Describe the characteristics of fog-stream nozzles.

13. List the three types of fog-stream nozzles.

14. Describe the specialized nozzles that may be used during fire suppression operations.

15. Describe how to maintain nozzles to ensure proper operation.

16. Describe how to inspect nozzles.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

17. Perform a minuteman hose load.

18. Advance a minuteman hose load.

19. Perform a pre-connected flat load.

20. Advance a pre-connected flat hose load.

21. Perform a triple-layer hose load.

22. Advance a triple-layer hose load.

23. Unload and advance wyed lines.

24. Advance a hose line up a stairway.

25. Advance a hose line down a stairway.

26. Advance an uncharged hose line up a ladder.

27. Operate a hose stream from a ladder.

28. Connect and advance an attack line from a standpipe outlet.

29. Replace a defective section of hose.

30. Operate a smooth-bore nozzle.

31. Operate a fog-stream nozzle.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

32. Describe how foam suppresses fire.

33. Describe the characteristics of Class A foam.

34. Describe the characteristics of Class B foam.

35. List the major categories of Class A foam concentrate.

36. Describe the characteristics of compressed air foam.

37. List the major categories of Class B foam concentrate.

38. Describe the characteristics of protein foam.

39. Describe the characteristics of fluoroprotein foam.

40. Describe the characteristics of aqueous film-forming foam.

41. Describe the characteristics of alcohol-resistant foam.

42. Describe how foam proportioner equipment works with foam concentrate to produce foam.

43. Describe how foam is applied to fire.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

44. Place an educator foam line in service.

45. Apply foam using the sweep method.

46. Apply foam using the Bankshot method.

47. Apply foam using the rain-down method.

XVIII. Fire Fighter Survival

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe how to apply a risk-benefit analysis to an emergency incident.

2. List the common hazard indicators that should alert fire fighters to a potentially life-threatening situation.

3. List the 11 Rules of Engagement for Fire Fighter Survival.

4. Explain how to maintain team integrity during emergency operations.

5. Define personnel accountability system.

6. Describe the types of personnel accountability systems and how they function.

7. Explain how a personnel accountability report is taken.

8. Describe how to initiate emergency communications procedures.

9. Describe the methods used for maintaining orientation.

10. Describe common self-rescue techniques.

11. Describe how to find a safe location while awaiting rescue.

12. Describe air management procedures.

13. Describe how rapid intervention crews provide an air supply to a trapped fire fighter.

14. Explain the importance of the rehabilitation process.

15. List the common causes of critical incident stress.

16. Explain the goal of critical incident stress management.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

17. Initiate a mayday call.

18. Perform a self-rescue using a hose line.

19. Perform a self-rescue by locating a door or window for an emergency exit.

20. Perform a self-rescue by opening a wall to escape.

21. Perform a self-rescue by removing an entanglement.

22. Rescue a downed fire fighter using the fire fighter’s SCBA straps.

23. Rescue a downed fire fighter using a drag rescue harness.

24. Rescue a down fire fighter as a two-person team.

XIX. Salvage and Overhaul

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the equipment used to illuminate an emergency scene.

2. Describe the safety precautions to take when working with lighting equipment.

3. Describe the types of lights used to illuminate exterior and interior scenes.

4. Describe how to operate lighting equipment to light exterior and interior scenes.

5. Explain the purpose of salvage operations.

6. List the tasks involved in a salvage operation.

7. Describe the safety precautions that need to be considered when performing salvage.

8. List the tools used to perform salvage operations.

9. Describe the salvage techniques commonly used to prevent water damage.

10. Describe the general procedures for preventing excess water damage from fire sprinklers.

11. List the equipment used to shut down fire sprinklers.

12. Describe the identifying characteristics of a main control valve of a fire sprinkler system.

13. Describe the general procedures and equipment used to remove excess water from a structure.

14. Describe the general procedures and equipment used to limit smoke and heat damage.

15. Describe how to maintain salvage covers.

16. Explain when fire investigators should become involved in salvage operations.

17. Describe the purpose of overhaul operations.

18. List the concerns that must be addressed to ensure the safety of fire fighters who are performing overhaul.

19. List the indicators of possible structural collapse.

20. Explain how to preserve structural integrity during overhaul.

21. Describe how to coordinate overhaul operations with fire investigators.

22. Explain how fire fighters determine overhaul locations.

23. List the tools that are used for overhaul operations.

24. Describe the general techniques used in overhaul operations.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

25. Illuminate an emergency scene.

26. Use a sprinkler stop to shut down a sprinkler head.

27. Use a sprinkler wedge to shut down a sprinkler head.

28. Close and reopen a min control valve.

29. Close and open a post indicator valve.

30. Construct a water chute.

31. Construct a water chat-all.

32. Fold a salvage cover for a one-fire fighter deployment.

33. Fold a salvage cover for two-rife fighter deployment.

34. Fold and roll a salvage cover.

35. Perform a one-fire fighter salvage cover roll.

36. Perform a shoulder toss.

37. Perform a balloon toss.

38. Open a ceiling to check for fire using a pike pole.

39. Open an interior wall to check for fire.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

40. Describe the types of generators used to power lighting equipment.

41. Describe how generators operate.

42. Describe how to clean and maintain lighting equipment.

43. Describe how to maintain generators.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

44. Conduct a weekly/monthly generator test.

XX. Fire Fighter Rehabilitation

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Define rehabilitation.

2. Describe the factors and causes that require rehabilitation for fire fighters.

3. Explain how heat stress and personal protective equipment tax the fire fighter’s body.

4. Describe the hazards of dehydration and explain how dehydration can be prevented.

5. List the signs of dehydration.

6. Explain why the body needs rehabilitation during an extended or specialized incident.

7. Describe the types of extended fire incidents during which fire fighters need rehabilitation.

8. List the steps in rehabilitation.

9. Describe the types of fluids that are ideal for fire fighters to drink during rehabilitation.

10. Describe the types of food that are ideal for fire fighters to eat during rehabilitation.

11. Explain what the individual fire fighter’s personal responsibilities are in rehabilitation.

XXI. Wildland and Ground Fires

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Define the terms wildland fires and ground fires.

2. Explain how the three elements of the wildland fire triangle affect each side of the fire triangle.

3. Describe light fuels, heavy fuels, subsurface fuels, surface fuels, and aerial fuels.

4. Explain the relationship between a fuel’s properties and the speed at which the fuel ignites and the ensuing fire spreads.

5. Describe how weather factors and topography influence the growth of wildland fires.

6. Label the parts of a wildland fire.

7. Describe the methods and tools used to cool a fuel with water.

8. Describe the methods and tools used to remove a fuel from wildland fires.

9. Describe the methods and tools used to smother wildland fires.

10. Describe how a direct attack is mounted on wildland fires.

11. Describe how an indirect attack is mounted on wildland fires.

12. Itemize the characteristics of the fire apparatus used to suppress wildland fires.

13. Describe the hazards associated with wildland and ground firefighting.

14. Describe the personal protective equipment needed for wildland firefighting.

15. Explain the problems created by the wildland-urban interface.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

16. Deploy a fire shelter.

17. Suppress a ground cover fire.

XXII. Fire Suppression

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the objectives of an offensive attack.

2. Describe the operations performed during an offensive attack.

3. Describe the objectives of a defensive attack.

4. Describe the operations performed during a defensive attack.

5. Describe the characteristics of a fog stream.

6. Describe the characteristics of a straight stream.

7. Describe the characteristics of a solid stream.

8. Describe the objectives of an interior fire attack.

9. Describe the objectives of a direct attack.

10. Describe the objectives of an indirect attack.

11. Describe the objectives of a combination attack.

12. Describe the techniques used to advance a large handline.

13. Describe the characteristics of a master stream device.

14. Describe the characteristics of a deck gun.

15. Describe the characteristics of a portable monitor.

16. Describe the characteristics of elevated master streams.

17. Describe the tactics used to protect exposures.

18. Describe the characteristics of concealed-space fires.

19. Describe the characteristics of basement fires.

20. Describe the tactics used to suppress basement fires.

21. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires above ground level.

22. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in large buildings.

23. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in buildings under construction, renovation, or demolition.

24. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in lumberyards.

25. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in stacked or piled materials.

26. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in trash containers.

27. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in confined spaces.

28. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in vehicles.

29. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in alternative-fuel vehicles.

30. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in the passenger compartment of a vehicle.

31. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in the engine compartment of a vehicle.

32. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires in the trunk of a vehicle.

33. Describe how to overhaul a vehicle fire.

34. Describe the hazards presented by flammable-liquid fires.

35. Discuss when gas service should be shut off.

36. Describe when the electrical system should be shut off.

37. Describe the hazards posed by electrical fires.

38. Describe the tactics used to suppress an electrical fire.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

39. Perform a direct attack.

40. Perform and indirect attack.

41. Perform a combination attack.

42. Perform the one-fire fighter method for operating a large handline.

43. Perform the two-fire fighter method for operating a large handline.

44. Operate a deck gun.

45. Deploy and operate a portable monitor.

46. Locate and suppress concealed-space fires.

47. Extinguish an outside trash fire or other outside Class A fire.

48. Extinguish a vehicle fire.

49. Shut off gas utilities.

50. Control the electric utility system.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

51. List the factors that the incident commander evaluates when determining whether to perform a defensive attack or an offensive attack.

52. Describe the characteristics of a fog stream.

53. Describe the characteristics of a straight stream.

54. Describe the characteristics of a solid stream.

55. Describe the objectives of an interior fire attack.

56. Describe the objectives of a direct attack.

57. Describe the objectives of an indirect attack.

58. Describe the objectives of a combination attack.

59. Explain how ventilation is coordinated with fire suppression operations.

60. Describe the characteristics of concealed-space fires.

61. Describe the characteristics of basement fires.

62. Describe the tactic used to suppress basement fires.

63. Describe the tactics used to suppress fires above ground level.

64. Describe the characteristics of flammable-gas cylinders.

65. Describe the hazards presented by flammable-gas fires.

66. Describe a boiling liquid/expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE).

67. Describe the tactics used to suppress flammable-gas fires.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

68. Coordinate an interior attack.

69. Suppress a flammable-gas cylinder fire.

XXIII. Preincident Planning

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe why and for which types of properties a preincident plan is created.

2. List the typical target hazards that may be found in a community.

3. Describe how a preincident survey is performed.

4. List the information that is gathered during a preincident survey.

5. Describe the information included in any sketches or drawings created during the preincident survey.

6. Describe the symbols commonly used in preincident plans.

7. Describe how preincident planning for safe and rapid response is performed.

8. Describe the information that needs to be gathered to assist the incident commander in making a rapid and correct size-up during an emergency incident.

9. Explain how to identify built-in fire detection and suppression systems during a preincident survey.

10. Describe the tactical information that is collected during a preincident survey.

11. Describe how the sources of water supply for suppression operations are identified.

12. Explain why the locations of utilities are noted on the preincident plan.

13. Describe how preincident planning for an efficient search and rescue is performed.

14. Describe how preincident planning for rapid forcible entry is performed.

15. Describe how preincident planning for safe ladder placement is performed.

16. Describe how preincident planning for effective ventilation is performed.

17. List the occupancy considerations to take into account when conducting a preincident survey.

18. List the types of locations that require special considerations in preplanning.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

19. Conduct a preincident survey.

XXIV. Fire and Emergency Medical Care

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe how the delivery of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) fits into the mission of the fire department.

2. List the set of emergency medical skills provided by Basic Life Support (BLS) personnel.

3. List the set of emergency medical skills provided by Advanced Life Support (ALS) personnel.

4. Distinguish between the two types of BLS training.

5. Describe the skills emergency medical technicians are permitted to perform in the field.

6. Distinguish between the two types of ALS training.

7. Identify the types of agencies that provide EMS training.

8. Describe the importance of continuing education in maintaining emergency medical certification.

9. Describe the types of EMS delivery systems.

10. List the advantages of location the EMS system within the fire department.

11. Define a combination EMS system and describe how it operates in conjunction with the fire department.

12. Define a fire department EMS system and describe its operation.

13. Describe the three types of personal interactions that EMC personnel encounter daily.

14. Describe how the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) affects emergency medical providers and patient confidentiality.

XXV. Emergency Medical Care

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the steps needed to provide infection control for victims and for fire fighters.

2. Describe the steps needed to secure a victim’s airway.

3. Describe the steps needed to provide rescue breathing to a victim.

4. Describe the steps needed to clear a victim’s airway of a foreign obstruction.

5. Describe the steps needed to administer oxygen to victims.

6. Describe the steps needed to use a pulse oximeter.

7. Describe the special considerations to take for victims with stomas, victims with dental appliances, and airway management in a vehicle.

8. Describe the steps needed to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on adult, child, and infant victims.

9. Describe the steps used to manage shock.

10. Explain the steps needed to control external bleeding.

11. Explain the steps needed to perform basic management of burns.

12. Explain the steps needed to provide manual stabilization of the cervical spine.

13. Discus triage at a mass-casualty incident.

14. Describe how to ensure safety at emergency medical services (EMS) incidents.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

15. Proper removal of medical gloves.

16. Clear the airway using finger sweeps.

17. Place a victim in the recovery position.

18. Insert an oral airway.

19. Insert a nasal airway.

20. Perform Mouth-to-mask rescue breathing.

21. Perform mouth-to-barrier rescue breathing.

22. Use a bag-mask device with one rescuer.

23. Perform infant rescue breathing.

24. Manager an airway obstruction in an adult.

25. Perform adult chest compression.

26. Perform one-rescuer adult CPR.

27. Perform two-rescuer adult CPR.

28. Perform one-rescuer infant CPR.

29. Perform automated external defibrillation.

30. Control bleeding with a tourniquet.

31. Stabilize the cervical spine and maintain an open airway.

XXVI. Vehicle Rescue and Extrication

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the types of motor vehicles.

2. Describe the four different types of alternative fuels that power motor vehicles.

3. Describe the extrication tools that are used for accessing locked compartments in a motor vehicle.

4. Describe how to gain access to a victim of a motor vehicle collision.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

5. Describe a vehicle’s anatomy.

6. List the hazards involved in responding to an emergency scene.

7. List the hazards to look for when arriving on the scene of a vehicle extrication situation.

8. Describe cribbing.

9. Describe the extrication tools that are used for stabilizing bending, cutting, and disassembling.

10. Describe how to gain access to a victim of a motor vehicle collision.

11. Describe how to disentangle a victim of a motor vehicle collision.

12. Describe how to remove and transport victims of a motor vehicle collision.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

13. Disable the electrical system of a hybrid vehicle.

14. Perform scene size-up at a motor vehicle crash.

15. Mitigate the hazards at a motor vehicle crash.

16. Stabilize a vehicle following a motor vehicle crash.

17. Break tempered glass.

18. Gain access to a vehicle following a motor vehicle crash.

19. Open a vehicle door.

20. Gain access and provide medical care to a victim in a vehicle.

21. Displace the dashboard of a vehicle.

22. Remove the roof of a vehicle.

XXVII. Assisting Special Rescue Teams

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

1. Define the types of special rescues encountered by fire fighters.

2. Describe the steps of a special rescue.

3. Describe the general procedures at a special rescue scene.

4. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a vehicle or machinery rescue incident.

5. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a confine-space rescue incident.

6. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a rope rescue incident.

7. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a trench and excavation rescue incident.

8. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a structural collapse rescue incident.

9. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a water or ice rescue incident.

10. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a wilderness search and rescue incident.

11. Describe how to safely approach and assist at a hazardous materials rescue incident.

12. Describe how to safely respond to an elevator or escalator rescue.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

13. Establish a barrier

14. Identify and retrieve rescue tools

XXVIII. Hazardous Materials: Overview

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Define a hazardous material.

2. Define hazardous waste.

3. List the common locations that may contain hazardous materials.

4. Distinguish between a regulation and a standard.

5. Describe which regulations and standards govern how fire departments respond to hazardous materials incidents.

6. Describe the roles and responsibilities of awareness-level personnel.

7. Describe the roles and responsibilities of technician-level personnel.

8. Describe the roles and responsibilities of specialist-level personnel.

9. Describe the roles and responsibilities of a hazardous materials officer.

10. Describe the roles and responsibilities of hazardous materials safety officers.

11. Describe the roles and responsibilities of hazardous material technicians with specialties.

12. List the laws that govern hazardous material response activities.

13. Explain the differences between hazardous materials incidents and other emergencies.

14. Explain the need for a planned response to a hazardous materials incident.

XXIX. Hazardous Materials: Properties and Effects

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe how to identify a substance’s state of matter.

2. Describe the process of chemical change.

3. Describe the process of physical change.

4. Define boiling point and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

5. Define flash point and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

6. Define fire point and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

7. Define ignition temperature and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

8. Define flammable range and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

9. Define vapor density and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

10. Define vapor pressure and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

11. Define specific gravity and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

12. Define water miscibility and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

13. Define corrosivity and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

14. Define pH and explain how this principle affects hazardous materials.

15. Describe how to determine a substance’s pH in the field.

16. Describe the physical hazards posed by the toxic products of combustion.

17. Describe the differences between non-ionizing and ionizing radiation.

18. Describe how radiation is detected in the field.

19. Define alpha particles and describe how to avoid exposure.

20. Define beta particles and describe their potential effects on the human body.

21. Define gamma radiation.

22. Describe the differences between contamination and secondary contamination.

23. List the types of weapons of mass destruction.

24. Describe how nerve agents damage the human body.

25. List the signs and symptoms of nerve agent exposure.

26. Describe how blister agents damage the human body.

27. List the signs and symptoms of blister agent exposure.

28. Explain the route of exposure for cyanide.

29. List the signs and symptoms of cyanide exposure.

30. Describe how choking agents damage the human body.

31. Describe how irritants damage the human body.

32. List convulsant chemicals and describe how they damage the human body.

33. List the four ways chemicals can enter the human body.

34. Describe the precautions fire fighters take to avoid chemical exposure through inhalation.

35. Describe the precautions fire fighters take to avoid chemical exposure through absorption.

36. Explain the differences between chronic and acute health effects.

37. List the four major sections of the Emergency Response Guidebook.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

38. Demonstrate the ability to properly utilize the current edition of the DOT Emergency Response Guidebook.

XXX. Hazardous Materials: Recognizing and Identifying the Hazards

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe occupancies that may contain hazardous materials.

2. Describe how your senses can be used to detect.

3. Describe the general characteristics of a bulk storage container.

4. Describe the common types of bulk storage containers.

5. List the hazardous materials commonly stored in each type of bulk storage container.

6. Describe the general characteristics of nonbulk storage vessels.

7. Describe the general characteristics of drums.

8. Describe the general appearance of intermediate bulk containers and ton containers.

9. Describe the general characteristics of bags.

10. List the information found on a pesticide label.

11. Describe the general characteristics of carboys.

12. Describe the general characteristics of cylinders.

13. Describe the common types of cylinders.

14. Describe the types of chemical tankers that transport hazardous materials and their common characteristics.

15. Describe the types of railroad cars that transport hazardous materials and their common characteristics.

16. Describe how to identify the products, owner, and emergency telephone number on a pipeline marker.

17. Describe how to identify a placard and label.

18. List the nine Department of Transportation chemical families.

19. Explain how to use the North American Emergency Response Guidebook.

20. Describe the NFPA 704 hazard identification system.

21. Describe markings used by the military to indicate hazardous materials and weapons of mass destruction markings.

22. List the information about a hazardous material found on material safety data sheets.

23. Explain when shipping papers are utilized.

24. Describe the role CHEMTREC during a hazardous materials incident.

25. List the information CHEMTREC needs to assist with a hazardous materials incident.

26. Describe the role of the National Response Center during a hazardous materials incident.

27. Describe the common containers used to hold radioactive materials.

28. Describe the signs of a potential terrorist incident.

XXXI. Hazardous Materials: Implementing a Response

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. List and describe the hazardous materials incident levels.

2. List the information to provide when reporting a hazardous materials incident.

3. Describe how to plan an initial response.

4. List and describe defensive objectives.

5. List and describe defensive actions.

6. Describe how to estimate the size and scope of a hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction incident.

7. Describe the resources available for determining the concentrations of a released hazardous material.

8. Describe a secondary attack and its impact on responders.

9. List the signs that indicate the possible presence of a secondary device.

10. Explain how the Incident Command System (ICS) is adapted for hazardous materials incidents.

11. Identify the considerations for determining the location of the incident command post (ICP).

XXXII. Hazardous Materials: Personal Protective Equipment, Scene Safety, and Scene Control

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Explain how a hazardous material’s threshold limit value determines the level of protection required for responders.

2. List the three categories of threshold limit values.

3. List and describe the regulatory measures set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

4. List the subcategories of Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health atmospheres.

5. List and define the three basic types of atmospheres at a hazardous materials incident.

6. List the categories of personal protective equipment.

7. Describe the purpose and components of street clothing and work uniforms.

8. Describe the purpose and components of structural firefighting protective clothing.

9. Describe the purpose and components of high-temperature protective equipment.

10. Describe the purpose and components of chemical protective clothing and equipment.

11. Describe the purpose and components of liquid splash protective clothing.

12. Describe the purpose and components of vapor- protective clothing.

13. Discuss respiratory protection in a hazardous materials incident.

14. Describe the levels of hazardous materials personal protective equipment.

15. List the ratings of chemical-protective clothing.

16. Describe the purpose and components of Level A protection.

17. Describe the purpose and components of Level B protection.

18. Describe the purpose and component of Level C protection.

19. Describe the purpose and components of Level D protection.

20. Identify the potential skin-contact hazards encountered at hazardous materials incidents.

21. Describe the safety precautions to be observed, including those for heat and cold stress, when approaching and working at hazardous materials incidents.

22. Describe the signs and symptoms of heat cramps.

23. Describe the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion.

24. Describe how to prevent cold injuries.

25. Describe the physical capabilities required and limitations of personnel working in PPE.

26. List the three control zones.

27. Define hot zone and describe the tasks performed in the zone.

28. Define cold zone and describe the tasks performed in the zone.

29. Describe the importance of the buddy system and backup personnel.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

30. Don a Level B encapsulated chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

31. Don a Level B nonencapsulated chemical-protective clothing.

32. Doff a Level B encapsulated chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

33. Doff a Level B nonencapsulated chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

34. Don a Level C chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

35. Doff a Level C chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

36. Don a Level D chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

37. Doff a Level D chemical-protective clothing ensemble.

XXXIII. Hazardous Materials: Response Priorities and Actions

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Define exposures in regard to a hazardous materials incident.

2. List two protective actions that may be taken in a hazardous materials incident.

3. Describe the role of fire fighters during an evacuation.

4. Describe how and when a fire department conducts shelter-in-place operations with a local population.

5. Describe the monitoring methods used to detect the presence of a hazardous material.

6. Explain the special considerations to follow when performing search and rescue operations in a hazardous materials incident.

7. List the methods of protecting exposures from hazardous materials.

8. Describe confinement and containment operations.

9. Describe the methods and tools utilized to extinguish flammable liquid fires.

10. Describe the actions taken during a pressurized-gas cylinder leak.

11. List the common hazardous materials control activities.

12. Describe how process of absorption can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

13. Describe how the process of adsorption can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

14. Describe how the process of diking can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

15. Describe how the process of damming can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

16. List the three types of dams that may be constructed during a hazardous materials incident.

17. Describe how the process of diversion can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

18. Describe how the process of retention can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

19. Describe how the process of vapor dispersion can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

20. Describe how the process of vapor suppression can mitigate a hazardous materials incident.

21. List the types of containers and tanks with remote shut-off valves.

22. Explain why the incident commander might withdraw personnel from the hazardous materials incident.

23. Describe the recovery phase of a hazardous materials incident.

24. Explain the factors that enter into the decision to terminate a hazardous materials incident.

25. Describe the precautions to take if the hazardous materials incident involved potential criminal or terrorist activity.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

26. Use a multi-gas meter to provide atmospheric monitoring.

27. Utilize absorption/adsorption to manage a hazardous materials incident.

28. Construct a dike.

29. Construct an overflow dam.

30. Construct an underflow dam.

31. Construct a diversion.

32. Construct a retention system.

33. Perform vapor dispersion to manage a hazardous materials incident.

34. Perform vapor suppression to manage a hazardous materials incident.

XXXIV. Hazardous Materials: Decontamination Techniques

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the purpose of decontamination during a hazardous materials incident.

2. Explain how cross-contamination can occur.

3. List the types of decontamination.

4. Describe the process of emergency decontamination.

5. Describe the process of gross decontamination.

6. Describe the process of technical decontamination.

7. Describe the process of technical decontamination.

8. Describe the process of mass decontamination.

9. List the methods of decontamination.

10. Describe the process of absorption.

11. Describe the process of adsorption.

12. Describe the process of dilution.

13. Describe the process of disinfection.

14. Describe the proper procedures to follow to safely dispose of items that cannot be decontaminated.

15. Describe the process of solidification.

16. Describe the process of emulsification.

17. Describe the process of vapor dispersion.

18. Describe the process of soil removal.

19. Describe the process of vacuuming.

20. List the general steps of decontamination.

Fire Fighter I Skills Objectives:

21. Perform emergency decontamination.

22. Perform mass decontamination.

23. Perform responder decontamination.

XXXV. Terrorism Awareness

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the threat posed by terrorism.

2. Identify potential terrorist targets in your jurisdiction.

3. Describe how to respond to a terrorist incident.

4. Describe the dangers posed by explosive devices.

5. Explain the difference between chemical and biological agents.

6. Describe the dangers posed by radiological incidents.

7. List the types of terrorism.

8. Describe the need for decontamination of exposed victims and response personnel.

XXXVI. Fire Prevention and Public Education

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

1. Describe the activities that prevent fires and limit their consequences if fire occurs.

2. Identify elements of public fire safety education programs covering stop, drop, and roll; exit drills in the home; the selection and use of portable fire extinguishers; and the importance of smoke alarms and residential sprinkler systems in preventing fire deaths.

3. Explain the importance of residential fire deaths.

4. Stress the importance of having portable fire extinguishers.

5. Recognize hazards during a fire safety survey of an occupied structure.

6. Describe the steps in conducting a fire station tour.

Fire Fighter II Skills Objectives:

7. Complete an occupied structure fire safety survey.

8. Perform a public fire safety education presentation on stop, drop, and roll.

9. Execute a public fire safety education presentation on exit drills in the home.

10. Install and maintain a smoke alarm.

11. Give a public education tour of a fire station.

XXXVII. Fire Detection, Protection and Suppression Systems

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Explain why all fire fighters should have a basic understanding of fire protection systems.

2. Describe when and how water is shut off to a building’s sprinkler system and how to stop water at a single sprinkler head.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

3. Describe the basic components and functions of a fire alarm system.

4. Describe the basic types of fire alarm initiation devices and indicate where each type is most suitable.

5. Describe the fire department’s role is resetting fire alarms.

6. Describe the basic types of alarm notification appliances.

7. Describe the basic types of fire alarm annunciation systems.

8. Explain the different ways that fire alarms may be transmitted to the fire department.

9. Identify the four types of sprinkler heads.

10. Identify the different styles of indicating valves.

11. Describe the operation and application of the following types of automatic sprinkler systems:

a. Wet-pipe system

b. Dry-pipe system

c. Preaction system

d. Deluge system

12. Describe the differences between commercial and residential sprinkler systems.

13. Identify the three types of standpipes and point out the differences among them.

14. Describe two problems that fire fighters could encounter when using a standpipe in a high-rise building.

15. Identify the hazards that specialized extinguishing systems can pose to responding fire fighters.

XXXVIII. Fire Cause Determination

Fire Fighter I Knowledge Objectives:

1. Differentiate accidental fires from incendiary fires.

2. Describe the point of origin.

3. Define the chain of custody.

4. Describe the techniques for preserving fire-cause evidence.

5. Describe the observations that fire fighters should make during fire-ground operations.

Fire Fighter II Knowledge Objectives:

6. Describe the role and relationship of the Fire Fighter II to criminal investigators and insurance investigators.

7. Describe how the origin and cause of a fire are determined.

8. Describe how to assist the fire investigators in the process of digging out the fire scene.

9. Describe the types of evidence that may be uncovered at a fire scene.

10. Describe the techniques for preserving fire-cause evidence.

11. Describe the steps needed to secure a property.

12. Explain the importance of protecting a fire scene to aid in cause determination.

13. Describe the common motives of an arsonist.

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