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Comparing Primary DocumentsRLA/Social StudiesLearner Level: Pre-GED/GEDOverview & PurposeThis lesson is a RLA connecting lesson in which students will read about the connection between the Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution. Objectives & StandardsUSH.a.1 Key documents and the context and ideas that they signify (Key historical documents that have shaped American Constitutional government)SSP.2 Determining Central Ideas, Hypotheses, and ConclusionsR.2 Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas.R.9.2 Compare two passages in similar or closely related genre that share ideas or themes, focusing on similarities and/or differences in perspective, tone, style, structure, purpose, or overall impact.Students will be able to match quotes from the Magna Carta, summarize them, and then match the Article of the Constitution from which it was derived.MaterialsStudent copies of “Quote Comparison: The Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution”Instructional StrategiesDirect – Whole GroupInteractive – Pair/Share, Cooperative LearningInformation DeliveryThe teacher will distribute copies of “Quote Comparison: The Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution”Depending on the needs of the group, the teacher may read aloud the passage, students may read aloud, or students can read independently.After the reading the passage, the teacher will read aloud the first quote from the Magna Carta: 12. “No scutage nor aid…shall be imposed on our kingdom, unless by common counsel of our kingdom…” The teacher will model breaking down the quote to determine the meaning. “Scutage nor age? Ok, both mean taxes. I know imposed means to put forth. Unless by common counsel…counsel means agreement. So, this must mean that ‘No taxes can be put in place without agreement of the kingdom, or the barons and nobles.’ Now, which Article of the Constitution is related? I think Article 1, Section 8 because this also deals with taxes. Congress has the power to impose taxes, but I know that first they must vote, or reach an agreement.”The students will work in pairs to complete the rest of the quotes.Review as a class. AssessmentUnderstanding the Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution QuestionsClosureN/AQuote Comparisons: the Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution England, 1215 Under the reign of King John, England is faced with high taxes, a series of unsuccessful wars, and religious conflict with the Pope. Unhappy with the state of the country, a group of wealthy noblemen called barons rebel against the king. The king and barons battle throughout the first half of the year to determine who will gain the upper hand. Finally, in June 1215, after six months of fighting, the victorious nobles force King John to sign an agreement that will eventually become known as the Magna Carta, or “Great Charter” in Latin. The new document addresses many complaints that the barons have with the king. Before this time, the king was thought to hold absolute power; however, the Magna Carta puts limits on royal power and lists the rights of the barons and of all free men. If you think this story sounds familiar, it probably is. Over 550 years later, a group of American colonists declared their independence from Great Britain when they felt King George III was infringing on their rights. In fact, many of the ideas in the founding documents of American government—the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution, and state constitutions—were directly inspired by the principles laid out in the Magna Carta. Below are four quotes from the U.S. Constitution that are directly related to parts of the Magna Carta. On the table on the next page, match the quotes from the U.S. Constitution with the quotes from the Magna Carta. In the middle column, write each quote from the Magna Carta in your own words. A glossary is provided to help with unfamiliar terms. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quotes from the U.S. Constitution Article 1, Section 8: “The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States…” Amendment 5: “…nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.” Article 2, Section 3: “The Trial of all Crimes, except in Cases of Impeachment, shall be by Jury.”Amendment 6: “In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right…to be confronted with the witnesses against him…” Quote from the Magna CartaWhat does it mean?Related Quote from the U.S. Constitution12. “No scutage nor aid…shall be imposed on our kingdom, unless by common counsel of our kingdom…” 28. “No constable or other bailiff …shall take corn or other provisions from anyone without immediately tendering money …” 38. “…no official shall place a man on trial upon his own unsupported statement, without producing credible witnesses to the truth of it.” 39. “No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned…or exiled or in any way destroyed…except by the lawful judgment of his peers or by the law of the land.” Glossary Aid: tax Compensation: repayment Counsel: agreement Credible: trustworthy or reliable “Duties, Imposts and Excises”: types of taxes Freemen: men who are not slaves or serfs Scutage: a type of tax Tendering: paying [the owner]Understanding the Magna Carta and the U.S. Constitution“No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury … nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself… .” —Fifth Amendment, United States Constitution Which of these does the Fifth Amendment specifically prohibit? A. forcing witnesses in a case to testify B. allowing the media to announce an indictment C. trying someone for the same crime a second time D. selecting jurors who are prejudiced against the defendant “No freeman [person] shall be taken or imprisoned,… or outlawed, or banished, or in any way destroyed, unless by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land….” —Magna Carta, 1215 Which of these constitutional protections is described in the excerpt? A. government leaders are chosen by the people B. citizens will receive a fair price for land taken for public use C. citizens accused of crimes will be heard by an impartial jury D. power is divided between the three branches of government “No freeman [person] shall be taken or imprisoned, or outlawed, or banished, or in any way destroyed, unless by the lawful judgment of his peers, or by the law of the land...” –Magna Carta, 1215Which of these principles found in the Bill of Rights is based on the Magna Carta? A. guarantee of free speech B. protection of the right of the state to organize a militia C. provision for due process D. prohibition against excessive bail and fines Magna Carta (1215)Declaration of Independence (1776)Guaranteed liberties for noblesStated that all men possess unalienable rightsLimited the power of the monarchBased on the idea that the government derives its power from the people.Which is the best conclusion that can be drawn from this information?A. The idea of guaranteeing individual rights developed over time.B. Governments gradually became more abusive.C. Monarchs learned to enjoy sharing power with their subjects.D. The rights of citizens are protected by nobles. ................
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