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3654631-783771E2520 V4 REVE2520 V4 REV463550-10795000GHPZJZD1051HFenquan River Yangqiao Ship Lock Extension Project (As part of Anhui Shaying River Channel Improvement Project)Environmental Impact Assessment Report Anhui Provincial Port and Shipping Construction Investment Co., Ltd.Beijing Zhongzi-Huayu Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.September 2014Content TOC \o "1-2" \h \u 1. General PAGEREF _Toc395273846 \h 11.1 Project Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273847 \h 11.2 Project Background PAGEREF _Toc395273848 \h 21.3 Environmental Protection Work for This Project PAGEREF _Toc395273849 \h 41.4 Objectives of EIA PAGEREF _Toc395273850 \h 51.5 EIA Preparation Basis PAGEREF _Toc395273851 \h 51.6 Work Grade & Scope of Assessment PAGEREF _Toc395273852 \h 81.7 Assessment Standards PAGEREF _Toc395273853 \h 111.8 Environmental Protection Objectives PAGEREF _Toc395273854 \h 141.9 Type of Assessment PAGEREF _Toc395273855 \h 161.10 Partition of Periods of Assessment PAGEREF _Toc395273856 \h 161.11 Working Procedure of Assessment PAGEREF _Toc395273857 \h 162. Engineering Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273858 \h 182.1 Current Shipping Status of Fenquan River PAGEREF _Toc395273859 \h 192.2 Necessity of Engineering Construction PAGEREF _Toc395273860 \h 252.3 Proposed Project Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273861 \h 272.4 Ship Lock Engineering PAGEREF _Toc395273862 \h 312.5Bridge and Connection Work PAGEREF _Toc395273863 \h 382.6 Plans About Land Acquisition & Demolition PAGEREF _Toc395273864 \h 402.7 Excavation-fill Balancing PAGEREF _Toc395273865 \h 412.8 Organization & Technology for Construction PAGEREF _Toc395273866 \h 433. Engineering Analysis PAGEREF _Toc395273867 \h 513.1 Analysis of Environmental Impact Factors PAGEREF _Toc395273868 \h 513.2 Recognition of Environmental Impacts PAGEREF _Toc395273869 \h 533.3 Analysis of Pollution Source PAGEREF _Toc395273870 \h 554. Regional Environment Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273871 \h 694.1 Natural Environment Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273872 \h 694.2 Ecological Environment Quality PAGEREF _Toc395273873 \h 734.3 Social Environment Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273874 \h 765. Investigation & Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality PAGEREF _Toc395273875 \h 805.1 Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality of Air PAGEREF _Toc395273876 \h 805.2 Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality of Surface Water PAGEREF _Toc395273877 \h 835.3 Monitoring & Assessment of Current Status of Acoustic Environment PAGEREF _Toc395273878 \h 885.4 Assessment of Environmental Quality of Sediment PAGEREF _Toc395273879 \h 895.5 Environment Status of Fuyang City PAGEREF _Toc395273880 \h 916. Scheme Comparison PAGEREF _Toc395273881 \h 937 Environmental Impact Evaluation PAGEREF _Toc395273882 \h 967.1 Social Environment Impact Evaluation PAGEREF _Toc395273883 \h 967.2 Water Environmental Impact Evaluation PAGEREF _Toc395273884 \h 1007.3 Ecological and Environmental Impact and landscape Construction PAGEREF _Toc395273885 \h 1067.4 Evaluation of Impact on Environmental Air PAGEREF _Toc395273886 \h 1127.5 Acoustic Environmental Impact Evaluation PAGEREF _Toc395273887 \h 1167.6 Analysis on Solid Waste Pollution PAGEREF _Toc395273888 \h 1237.7 Accident Risk Pollution Analysis PAGEREF _Toc395273889 \h 1247.8 Analysis of indirect effects and cumulative effects PAGEREF _Toc395273890 \h 1318 Water and Soil Conservation PAGEREF _Toc395273891 \h 1378.1 Water and Soil Loss Current Situation in the Project Area PAGEREF _Toc395273892 \h 1378.2 Water and Soil Loss Factor Analysis PAGEREF _Toc395273893 \h 1388.3 Water and Soil Loss Features PAGEREF _Toc395273894 \h 1398.4 Water and Soil Loss Prediction Scope and Time Frame PAGEREF _Toc395273895 \h 1408.5 Water and Soil Loss Prediction PAGEREF _Toc395273896 \h 1428.6 Water and Soil Loss Hazard Prediction PAGEREF _Toc395273897 \h 1508.7 Measures to Control Water and Soil Losses PAGEREF _Toc395273898 \h 1529 Environmental Management and Monitoring PAGEREF _Toc395273899 \h 1579.1 Regulatory Agency and Its Duties PAGEREF _Toc395273900 \h 1579.2 Environmental Supervising Agency and Plan PAGEREF _Toc395273901 \h 1629.3 Environmental Management Plan PAGEREF _Toc395273902 \h 1649.4 Environmental Supervision PAGEREF _Toc395273903 \h 1819.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan PAGEREF _Toc395273904 \h 18110 Survey Analysis on Public Participation PAGEREF _Toc395273905 \h 18810.1 Objective of Public Participation PAGEREF _Toc395273906 \h 18810.2 Means and Time Period of the Public Participation PAGEREF _Toc395273907 \h 18910.3 Result of Public Participation Study and Its Analysis PAGEREF _Toc395273908 \h 19211 Conclusion of Assessment PAGEREF _Toc395273909 \h 20611.1 Project Overview PAGEREF _Toc395273910 \h 20611.2Current Environment Quality PAGEREF _Toc395273911 \h 20711.3 Environmental Impact Forecast and Assessment PAGEREF _Toc395273912 \h 20811.4 Environmental Protection Measures PAGEREF _Toc395273913 \h 21411.5 Public Participation PAGEREF _Toc395273914 \h 21711.6 Comprehensive Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc395273915 \h 220Appendix: 1. Official reply of domestic EIA 2. Temporary land use agreement 3. Public Participation QuestionnaireFigures: 1.The geographical location map of ship lock2. The total construction floor plan1. General 1.1 Project OverviewProject Title: Subproject of Anhui Shaying River Channel Improvement Project - the Expansion Project for the Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River;Construction Company: Anhui Provincial Port & shipping Construction Investment Group;Nature of construction: extension;River basin: Fenquan River, a branch of Shaying River;Construction location: It is located on the left of the check gate of Fenquan River, Yangqiao Town, Linquan County and its geographic location schematic is shown in Figure 1;Construction Scale: Yangqiao lock shall be expanded as per Grade IV navigation standard and designed by 500t so that the annual one-way shipping capacity of the lock can reach 6.72 million tons; the lock chamber dimension is 200×13.0×3.5m (length×width×threshold water depth) and the lock is a single-line and single-stage lock. The line segment of the upstream approach channel is 344.2m, the line segment of the downstream approach channel is 488.4m and the bottom width of the upstream and downstream approach channels is 40m; one management zone shall be constructed; the connection road is 450m long (including the bridge) and 8.5m wide; the rebuilt bridge is 95.54 m long;Land Area: The project covers a total land area of 16.91hm2, where the permanent occupation land area is 6.91hm2, the new permanent occupation land area is 0hm2 and the temporary land area is 10hm2;Earthwork Volume: The total volume of earth excavation is 926,000m? (641,000m? above the ground and 285,000m? below the water), the total earth fill is 279,000m?, the disposal earth is 647,000 m? and the disposal earth is abandoned in the disposal area;Amount of Investment: the total engineering investment is around RMB 157 million, including 9.958 million of investment for environmental protection; Construction period: The project is planned to be completed by the end of 2015 with the duration of 2 years.1.2 Project BackgroundYangqiao Ship Lock is one of the important hydraulic structures of Quan River Pivotal Engineering, and an important water transportation channel of Linquan County; the ship lock was put into service in October, 1988 as a Level VI ship lock for 100-ton ships, and the ship lock size is 100×7.5×2.0 m, with the designed traffic capacity of 1 million tons. In 1998 – 2005, Fuyang City conducted Fenquan River Treatment Engineering, and the channel status was greatly improved; however, due to the limitation of the Yangqiao Ship Lock, ships above 100 tons still cannot go through the river, they can only arrive to the Yangqiao Ship Lock, so the transfer by vehicles is required, greatly increasing the shipping cost of goods; meanwhile, the ship lock cannot meet the enlargement trend of ships, and the water transport function of Quan River cannot be effectively exerted. In addition, because the intermediate vehicle transport leads to an increase of the vehicle flow, resulting in heavy damage to roads and other environmental problems including dust, noise pollution and so on, which impose serious adverse impact on the living conditions of local people.Therefore, the Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock became imperative; in November 2006, Liquan County Government submitted Application Letter for Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock in Linquan County to the municipal government, development and reform commission (DARC), transportation bureau, water bureau and maritime bureau, and the municipal government reported the application to the provincial DARC. In 2007, after consultation to the provincial water conservancy and transportation (maritime) authorities, Anhui Provincial DARC replied to the municipal government, supporting the extension of the Yangqiao Ship Lock, and required that the preliminary works of the project should be conducted according to the basic construction procedure, so as to connect with the construction scheme and finance the construction. Then, the municipal government and the municipal DARC required the Linquan County Government to organize a legal person for the project and boosting the preliminary works. On May 16, 2007, after the study of the county government, the Construction Preparation Group for Yangqiao Ship Lock Engineering in QuanRiver, LinquanCounty. On January 22, 2009, the Anhui Provincial DARC approved the Extension Engineering. According to the approval, in March 2009, Fuyang Municipal Port & Shipping Administration Bureau, Anhui Province entrusted Anhui Provincial Communications Survey & Design Institute Co., Ltd. for preparing Feasibility Study Report (FSR) for Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River whose draft for review was completed in May, 2009; since the legal person for the project was not determined, the review meeting was not held for a long time. In April 2012, the legal person for the project was determined to be Anhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd., the engineering name was changed to “Yangqiao Ship Lock Engineering of Fenquan River, Shaying River Channel”, and the construction scale of the engineering was adjusted according to the development of shipping industry and the current status of ships. In May, 2012, with the entrustment of Anhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd., Anhui Provincial Communications Survey & Design Institute Co., Ltd. prepared Feasibility Study Report (FSR) forYangqiao Ship Lock Engineering of Fenquan River, Shaying River Channel, and the official reply for the FSR was obtained from Anhui Provincial DARC on April 28, 2013. The Initial design of Yangqiao Lock Project of Fenquan River, Shaying River channel was completed in April and May 2013, and was approved by Anhui Development and Reform Commission in July 2013. In Aug. 2013, the Design of construction drawings for Yangqiao lock of Fenquan River, Shaying River channel was reviewed by experts of the Transport Department of Anhui Province and approved by the Transport Department of Anhui Province. The Channel Improvement Engineering of Shaying River having the loan from the World Bank was reorganized in 2013, and two additional project activities were proposed, i.e. (1) Yingshang Multi-track Ship Lock Engineering and (2) Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock. In the two engineering activities, a supplementary report was prepared for the Yingshang Multi-track Ship Lock Engineering, and an environmental impact statement and an environmental management plan were separately prepared for the Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock.1.3 Environmental Protection Work for This ProjectAccording to the environmental administration procedure of a construction project, as well as the national laws and regulations about environmental protection, in the feasibility study phase of the Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River (“the Extension Engineering”), In August 2009, Fuyang Municipal Port & Shipping Administration Bureau, Anhui Province entrusted Anhui Provincial Academy of Environmental Science for preparing Environmental Impact Statement of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River which obtained the approval from Environmental Protection Department of Anhui Province. The initial design phase of the Extension Engineering began in April 2013, in order to connect with the achievements of the initial design of the engineering, to further improve the preparation quality of the environmental impact assessment report, and to meet the relevant requirements of the World Bank, Anhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd. entrusted Beijing Zhongzi-Huayu Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.. (“Our company”) for preparing for the World Bank Procedure of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) of the Extension Engineering. After accepting the entrustment, our company organized relevant professionals in time for scouting and surveying in the site; after collecting relevant engineering technology information, on the basis of the relevant engineering information of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River (Initial Design), our company revised, replenished and perfected the Environmental Impact Statement of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River (Chinese Procedure Edition), so as to meet the requirements of the World Bank Procedure. Figure 1-1 Current situation of the highway bridge Below Yangqiao lock1.4 Objectives of EIAThe environmental impact assessment (EIA) for the project is conducted for implementing the sustainable development strategy, preventing the adverse environmental impact of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock after implementation, and to promote the coordinated development of economy, the society and the environment. 1.5 EIA Preparation Basis1.5.1 Laws, Regulations & Administrative RulesA. National laws & regulations1. Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China (Dec. 26, 1989);2. Law of the People's Republic of China on Appraising of Environment Impacts (Sep. 1, 2003);3. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution (Sep. 1, 2000);4. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (Feb. 28, 2008);5. Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Pollution from Environmental Noise (Mar. 1, 1997)6. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Wastes (Apr. 2005);7. Soil and Water Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China (Jun. 29, 1996);8. Port Law of the People’s Republic of China (Jan. 1, 2004)9. Water Law of the People’s Republic of China (Aug. 29, 2002);10. Law of Land Administration of the People’s Republic of China (Aug. 1998); 11. Flood Control Law of the People's Republic of China (Aug. 1997)12. Regulations of the People's Republic of China on River Channel Administration, Decree of State Council No. 3 (Jun. 1988); 13. National Essentials on Ecological Protection (Nov. 2000);14. Regulations on Environmental Protection Administration of Construction Projects (Nov. 29, 1998); 15. Regulation on Inland Waters Transportation Safety Management of the People’s Republic of China (2002); 16. Administrative Measures for Environmental Protection of Traffic Construction Projects, Decree of Ministry of Communications (2003) No. 5;17. Administrative Regulations of People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution of Inland Waters Caused by Ships, Decree of Ministry of Communications (2005) No. 11;B. Law & regulations of Anhui Province1. Environmental Protection Bureau of Anhui Province, Huan Jian [2002] Document No. 46: Several Opinions on Further Improving Quality of Environmental Impact Assessment (Apr. 10, 2002); 2. Environmental Protection Bureau of Anhui Province, Huan Ping [2006] Document No. 113: Notice on Issuing Regulations on improving the normalized Preparation of Environmental Impact Statement of Construction Projects (Trial), Jun. 16, 2006;3. Resolution of the Anhui Provincial People’s Government on More Pragmatic Environmental Protection Efforts (No.: SZFWZ (1997)28HW); 4. Administrative Procedure of Anhui Province on Environmental Protection, Environmental Protection Bureau of Anhui Province5. Regulations of Anhui Province on Agroecological Environment Protection (Revised), Jun. 29, 2006; 6. Regulations of Anhui Province on Protection and Control of Water Pollution of Huai River Basin, Jun. 2006.C. Applicable Security Assurance Policies of the World Bank1. Environmental Assessment (OP/BP4.01, 1999.1) is applicable to the policy.1.5.2 Technical Guidelines & Regulations for Assessment1. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – General Program, HJ 2.1-2011;2. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Atmosphere Environment, HJ 2.2-2008; 3. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Surface Water Environment, HJ/T 2.3-1993; 4. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Acoustic Environment, HJ 2.4-2009; 5. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Ecological Impact, HJ 19-2011; 6. Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment of Construction Projects, HJ/T 169-2004; 7. Interim Measures for Public Participation of Environmental Impact Assessment, Huan Fa [2006] No. 28; 8. Environmental Impact Assessment Specifications for Inland Waterway Project (JTJ227-2001); 9. Technical Regulation for Water and Soil Conservation Schemes for Development & Construction Projects, SL204-98. 1.5.3 Other Technical Documents (1). Environmental Protection Bureau of Fuyang City “Letter about the Executive Standard of the Environmental Impact Assessment of the Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River”; (2). Overall Planning of Fuyang Port (Prepared by Anhui Provincial Port & Shipping Survey & Design Institute, 2008); (3).Certificates from the relevant authorities of Linquan County about the land, planning, etc. for the project; (4). Initial Design of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River prepared by Anhui Provincial Port & Shipping Survey & Design Institute (Jun. 2013); (5). Due Diligence Investigation Report of Channel Improvement Engineering of Shaying River – Yangqiao Ship Lock prepared by the Engineering Involuntary Resettlement Research Institution of Anhui Communications Vocational & Technical College (Mar. 2014.3); (6). Other information provided by the Construction Unit. 1.6 Work Grade & Scope of Assessment1.6.1 Work Grade of Assessment1. Atmospheric environmentDuring the operation period of the engineering, the atmospheric pollutants are mainly an extremely small amount of oil exhaust gas from ships passing the lock. The impact of the engineering to the atmosphere is mainly concentrated in the construction period; the impact to local ambient air quality is mainly caused by the tail gas from machines and vehicles during the construction period, and the main pollution factors include TSP, etc. The construction area of the engineering is mainly on the flood land of Quan River, so the atmospheric diffusion conditions are good; also, the convenient traffic brings relatively good fundamental conditions like traffic in construction. During the normal construction of the project, the impact to the atmospheric environmental quality is relatively small, and the impact to the external environment will end with the end of the construction period. According to the content about the grading of the assessment work in Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Atmosphere Environment (HJ 2.2-2008) and the environmental characteristics of the engineering location, the assessment conducts mainly the brief analysis to the impact to the ambient air in the construction period.2. Water environmentThe impact of the project to the water environment is mainly the impact to the water quality of Quan River from the waste water in the construction period, oily water from ships passing the lock during the operation period, as well as domestic sewage. In the pollutants, the waste water in the construction period is mainly from the production sewage in the construction period and the domestic sewage from the construction staff, and the amount is relatively small; the pollutants in the operation period are mainly small amounts of domestic sewage and oily water from the cargo ships, which can be treated or collected with the equipment on the ships. Therefore, according to the relevant provisions in Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Surface Water Environment, the determined grade of the water environment assessment is III. The assessment is mainly for the current status of the water environment, and analyzes the impact to the water environment due to the implementation of the engineering. 3. Acoustic environmentBefore and after the construction of the project, the sound increment of sensitive targets is below 3 Db (A), and the population influenced is not changed greatly, according to the relevant provisions in Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Acoustic Environment (HJ 2.4-2009), the determined grade of the acoustic environment assessment is III. 4. Ecological environmentThe area influenced by the engineering of the project is mainly the flood land of Quan River, and is within the administration scope of Yangqiao Ship Lock, Yangqiao Check Gate and the river channel; the total land occupation of the engineering is 16.91 hm2, less than 20km2; no rare or endangered species exist in the area, and the area does not relate to an ecological sensitive area. The impact of the engineering to the ecological environment is mainly the water & soil loss caused by the disturbance of the engineering construction area to the land surface. Therefore, according to the relevant provisions in Technical Guideline for Environmental Impact Assessment – Ecological Impact (HJ 19-2011), the determined grade of the ecological environment assessment is III.5. Solid wasteThe solid waste of the project is mainly from the discarded soil from excavating the lock chamber. During the operation period, the solid waste is mainly a small amount of domestic waste from the crew of the ships passing the lock, and the waste can be collected in the containers of the ships. The assessment will make a comment to the reasonable disposal of the solid waste. 1.6.2 Scope & Key Points of Assessment1. Scope of assessmentTable 1-1 List of Scope of AssessmentEnvironmental elementsScope of assessmentEcological environmentThe scope is the area from 1,000 m before the end of the upstream approach channel of the ship lock to 1,000 m after the end of the downstream channel, and the width of the area extends to 200 m outside the lock; also, the scope includes borrow areas, spoil ground, temporary roads, construction sites, etc.; elements likely to be influenced, such as land, soil, vegetation, crops, animals, etc., will be considered. Water environmentThe scope is from 1,000 m before the end of the upstream approach channel of the ship lock to 3,000 m after the end of the downstream approach channel.Acoustic environmentThe scope includes sensitive points like the main construction site, residential buildings within the scope 200 m outside the lock, etc. Ambient airThe scope includes mainly the sensitive points like the construction sites, the spoil ground, residential buildings within the scope 200 m outside the lock, etc.Social environmentThe scope includes the area directly influenced by the project (mainly the impact to the social environment, such as land acquisition, demolition, etc.).2. Key points of assessmentThe key points of the assessment to the project include the impact to the environmental quality of the area in the construction period of the engineering, environmental protection measures during the construction period, assessments to the ecological environment and the water environment, as well as the impact to the social environment like resettlement for demolition, which is designed in the engineering. 1.7 Assessment StandardsConfirmed by Fuyang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, the assessment executes the following standards:1.7.1 Standards for Environmental QualityFor the standard for the environmental quality of air, the Grade 2 Standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996) is executed, and the details are shown in Table 1-2.Table 1-2 Concentration Limiting Values for Pollutants in Ambient AirAir quality standardName of pollutantInterval for measuringConcentration limiting value (mg/m3)Grade 2 Standard of Ambient Air Quality StandardSO2Hourly meanDaily meanAnnual mean0.500.150.06TSPDaily meanAnnual mean0.300.20PM10Daily meanAnnual mean0.150.10NO2Hourly meanDaily meanAnnual mean0.240.120.08For Quan River, the Class IV water quality standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) is executed, and the detailed standard values are shown in Table 1-3. The reservoir capacity on the Yangqiao Ship Lock is mainly for agricultural irrigation, water for channel, and industrial and domestic water along the channel. The water resource of Quan River is relatively abundant, the depth difference between the upstream and the downstream of the ship lock can be generally kept in 2 m or more, and there is no intake exists in the scope of the assessment. Table 1-3 Standard Values for Environmental quality of Surface WaterPollutantStandard value (mg/L, except pH)Source of standardpH6~9For SS, the standard limiting values for aerobic soil crops in Standards for Irrigation Water Quality (GB 5084-2005) are executed;For all other indexes, the Class IV standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002) is executed. DO≥3Permanganate index≤10BOD5≤6COD≤30Ammonia nitrogen≤1.5Arsenic≤0.1Volatile phenol≤0.01Petroleum pollutant≤0.5SS≤100For the acoustic environment in the area, the Class 2 and Class 4a Standards of Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB3096-2008) are executed, Class 4a Standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB3096-2008) is executed within the scope 30 m away from the X017 Red Line, and Class 2 Standard is executed in the remaining area. The detailed standard values are shown in Table 1-4.Table 1-4 Acoustic Environmental quality Standard Unit: dB (A)Class of executive standardStandard value [dB(A)]DayNightClass 2 of Standard6050Class 4a of Standard70551.7.2 Standard for Pollutant DischargeFor the discharge of the waste water in the construction area and the sewage from the ship lock management office, the Grade 2 Standard of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996) is executed. Table 1-5 Integrated Sewage Discharge Standard Unit: mg/L, except pHPollutantpHSSCODBOD5NH3-NPetroleum pollutantStandard value6~9≤150≤150≤30≤25≤10For the noise within the factory boundary, the Class 2 and Class 4 Standards of Emission Standard for Industrial Enterprises Noise at Boundary (GB12348-2008) are executed, and the details of the standard are shown in Table 1-6.Table 1-6 Standard Values of Noise Emission at BoundaryDay [dB(A)]Night [dB(A)]Source of Standard6050Class 2 Standard7055Class 4 StandardFor the noise in the construction period, Emission Standard of Environment Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB12523-2011) is executed for reference, and the details of the standard are shown in Table 1-7Table 1-7 Emission Standard of Environment Noise for Boundary of Construction SiteDayNight7055For the current status assessment of sediment, the requirement for the maximum allowable content of Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludges from Agricultural Use (GB4284-84) is executed; for the malodorous gas in the sediment, the Class 2 Standard of Emission Standards for Odor Pollutants (GB14554-93) is executed. In addition, though the ships stay for a short time in inland river ship locks and the port & shipping authorities generally forbid pollutant discharge of ships to the water body in the ship lock, the assessment believes that the pollutant discharge of ships should follow the requirements in Effluent Standard for Pollutants from Ship (GB3552-83): Table 1-8 Effluent Standard for Pollutants From Ship Unit: mg/LPollutantPetroleum pollutantBOD5SSColiformsPlastic productsFlotageLeftoverStandard value ≤1550150250/100mLThrowing into water is forbidden1.8 Environmental Protection ObjectivesAccording to the characteristics of the construction project, the main targets of environmental protection in the area for assessment are the villages within the 200 m range around the proposed ship lock site. According to the on-site investigations, no important cultural relic or key target of environmental protection like ancient and/or famous trees (or other valuable animals or plants) requiring protection. The vegetation on the lands occupied by the project permanently or temporarily includes only locally common natural vegetation and artificially cultivated plants, no basic farmland, woodland or rare/endangered species requiring special protection. The main target of environmental protection in the project is to prevent the functions of the surface water environment, the air environment and the acoustic environment from any adverse change, and the targets of the ecological environmental protection include mainly the landscape ecology in the area, as well as the agricultural ecological system and water ecological system around. According to the on-site scouting & investigation, and in combination with the construction characteristics of the engineering, the current status and the functions of the construction area & influence area of the engineering, the main targets of environmental protection determined in the environmental impact assessment are shown in Table 1-9, and the distribution map of the targets is shown in Figure 1-2. Table 1-9 List of Main Targets of Environmental Protection TypeTarget of environmental protectionRelative directionRelative distanceScaleFunctionRemarksAir environmentWanggao VillageNE60 m78 households, 390 peopleSettlement Area of Class 2 of GB3095-96Water environmentQuan River--Class IV surface waterClass IV of GB3838-2012Acoustic environmentWanggao VillageNE60 m78 households, 390 peopleSettlementClass 2 and Class 4a104775331470Wanggaoo ZhuangQuan River00Wanggaoo ZhuangQuan RiverFigure 1-2 Distribution Map of Targets of Environmental Protection1.9 Type of AssessmentThe project does neither relate to ecologically sensitive area or ecologically vulnerable area, nor belongs to an area needing special protection. The project will not cause irreversible impact to the ecological environment, and will not relate to sensitive factors like minority nationalities, cultural relics. It will relate to land acquisition. According to the factors including the scale of the proposed ship lock, the environmental functions of the area, the targets of environmental protection, as well as the relevant provisions in the Business Policy OP 4.01 of the World Bank, the assessment class of the project is determined to be Class B. 1.10 Partition of Periods of AssessmentAccording to the characteristics of the proposed project, the periods of the assessment includes the construction period and the operation period. 1.11 Working Procedure of AssessmentThe detailed working procedure of the assessment is shown in Figure 1-3. -58293028575Phase IIIPhase IIPhase IConstruction unitFSR of the engineering of the construction projectStudy of relevant legal documents of Anhui Province and ChinaStudy of other documents relevant to the construction projectScreening key assessment itemsDetermining work grade of each EIA itemPublic participationEngineering analysis of construction projectLaws, regulations and standards of China, the industry and the World BankAssessing the environmental impact of construction projectProposing suggestions & measures for environmental protectionDrawing a conclusionPreparing reportInvestigation of current status of environment 00Phase IIIPhase IIPhase IConstruction unitFSR of the engineering of the construction projectStudy of relevant legal documents of Anhui Province and ChinaStudy of other documents relevant to the construction projectScreening key assessment itemsDetermining work grade of each EIA itemPublic participationEngineering analysis of construction projectLaws, regulations and standards of China, the industry and the World BankAssessing the environmental impact of construction projectProposing suggestions & measures for environmental protectionDrawing a conclusionPreparing reportInvestigation of current status of environment Figure 1-3 Working Procedure Chart of Assessment2. Engineering OverviewThe basic project composition of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River is shown in Table 2-1.Table 2-1 Basic Composition Table of Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship LockProject nameExtension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of FenquanRiverConstruction placeYangqiaoTown of LinquanCounty, Fuyang CityRiver basin the site belonging toHuai River Basin Construction scaleThe designed navigation standard is 500-ton ships, and the ship lock is also applied to 1,000-ton ships, with the lock chamber size of 200×13×3.5 mConstruction unitAnhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd.Construction periodConstruction began in the end of 2013, with the total time limit of 24 months Investment for engineeringTotal investment: RMB 157 million, including investment for environmental protection: RMB 9.2 millionNoNameUnitIndicatorIHydrology1Designed flood levelm35.52 in ship lock upstream, and 35.22 in ship lock downstream2Designed highest navigable level of ship lockm34.3 in ship lock upstream, and 33.7 in ship lock downstream3Designed lowest navigable level of ship lockm27.1 in ship lock upstream, and 25.09 in ship lock downstreamIINavigation standard-500-ton ships, also applied to 1,000-ton shipsIIIDesigned annual traffic capacity10,000 t672IVHydraulic structure1Effective size of lock chamberm200×13×3.5 (length × width ×water depth on sill)2Type of water deliveryConvective energy dissipation in short gallery3Type of gateSteel miter gate4Type of valveSteel plain batten gate5Structure of head & tail bays of the lockReinforced concrete integral type6Lock chamberReinforced concrete dock type7Navigation aidsReinforced concrete counterfort typeVHoists for the gate and the valveElectric winch & hydraulic hoist systemVIUpstream & downstream approach channels 1Bottom widthm40.02Lengths of upstream & downstream approach channelsm344.2、488.4VIIBridges & connection linesmBridge length: 95.54 m, connection line length: 450 m (including the bridges)VIIISoil excavation/soil backfill10,000 m334.73/27.9IXLand acquisition1Permanent land acquisitionhm202Temporary land occupationhm21502.1 Current Shipping Status of Fenquan River2.1.1 River OverviewAs one of the main tributaries of Ying River, Fenquan River has its source in Shaoling Hillock of Yancheng County, Henan Province; Ni River flows into the Fenquan River in Hongshangmiao Village, Shenqiu County, the part of the Fenquan River before the Ni River Mouth is called as Fen River, and the part after is called as Quan River, which is the origin of the name “Fenquan River”. The river flow through Yancheng County, Shangshui County, Xiangcheng County and Shenqiu County of Henan Province, and Fuyang City of Anhui Province; the overall length of the river channel is 241 km, 82.27 km in Anhui (Zhoulou – Fuyang), and the drainage area is 1990 km2. In Fuyang, Fenquan River flows through Linquan County, Jieshou City, Yingquan District and Yingzhou District, and into Ying River in Sanli Bend, Fuyang City; its tributaries include Liuan River, Xian River, etc. The existing Yangqiao Ship Lock on the Fenquan River is in Yangqiao Town, Linquan County. 2.1.2 Current Status of Channel & PortThe Anhui channel segment of Fenquan River starts from Linquan County to the mouth of Quan River, Fuyang City with length of 80.4km, and the channel is divided into two sections by the Yangqiao lock. The upper section starts from Zhoulou to the upper Yangqiao lock with the width of 70~105m and water depth of over 2.0m. Because the channel bends here and there with many acute angles and the minimum bending radius of about 100m, 300-ton ships can sail on the channel in most of time; the lower section starts from Yangqiao lock to Sanliwan with the length of 54.27km, where the river section from the lower Yangqiao lock to Sanshili is 36.62km, and it is currently ranked Grade VI channel, which is similar to the upper section from Zhoulou to the upper Yangqiao lock; the section from Sanshili River to Sanliwan is 17.65 km long with the width of about 100m, it is currently ranked Grade VI channel, the channel is straight with less curve and the water depth is over 3.5m, so 500-ton ships can sail on the channel.23088602066925San Shi Li He00San Shi Li He38614352359025San Li Wan00San Li Wan24892097790Zhou Lou00Zhou Lou17805401000125The Yangqiao Ship Lock 00The Yangqiao Ship Lock Figure 2-1 Staged schematic of the Quan River channelAffected by the Yellow River floods, the beach height on both side of Quan River is increased and many bending sections exist, so floods and waterlog frequently occur. Quan River has been reconstructed and improved for many times in the history. In 1950s, for the blocked section from Kanheliu to the mouth of Quan River of Sanliwan, bends were removed and straight sections were kept, which makes the channel from Sanshili River to Sanliwan straight with less bends. In 1994, mechanical dredging was performed on Xiaowan, Qiandawan, Yingzhuang and other shoals below Yangqiao lock by Fuyang Water Department. In 1998-2005, Fuyang implemented the initial improvement project of Anhui Fenquan River (this project is one of 19 key Huai River improvement projects determined by the State Council’s Decision on further improvement of Huai River and Lake Tai), and the channel from the mouth of Huai River and Lake Tai to the mouth of Quan River was dredged pursuant to 90% of the once-every-three-years standard; bending sections were cut off and straight sections were kept in some bending sections of Wangdawan, Jing Wan, Liu Wan, Dahuwan, Qiandawan, Qianyanwan and Laowanzhai (see Fig. 2-1), which largely improved the channel conditions so that the flood prevention standard of both banks of Quan River reaches once-every-20-years standard; after dredging, the width of Quan River is 25~30m, the lowest navigation water level is 2m (300t ships can be navigated), the normal water level is 3.5~4m (500t~1000t ships can be navigated). In the end of 2007, the project was successfully accepted after completion. It not only increases the flood and waterlog prevention standard of the main stream of Fenquan River, but also improves irrigation and shipping conditions, expands drainage outlet for branches of both beaches and river surface, and makes full advantage of the main stream and branches on the Fen River’s upstream which have been improved. Figure 2-2 Schematic of bend-cutting-off and straight-section-keeping of Quan RiverThere are 8 crossing bridges along the channel of Quan River. The current situation of those bridges along the channel is shown in Table 2-2. Most of navigation hole spans for bridges is 30m, the net height is normally less than 5m, but most of net height is around 4m. Based on the data analysis, the number of impended navigation days is limited. It can be seen from Table 2-2 that the number of impended navigation days for the bridge changed from ferry is the longest, about 60 days, and the average number of impended navigation days is less than 15 days. Considering that some bridges with insufficient clearance have less number of impended navigation days, the bridges over the channel can fundamentally meet the navigation requirements.Table 2-1 Current Status Table of River-crossing Bridges along Channel of Fenquan River Segment in AnhuiNo.Bridge nameSpan of navigable openingNet heightDesigned highest navigable level (m)PositionDistance (km)Remarks（m）（m）81S204 Quan River Bridge2×304.6934.51Linquan County20Distance downstream from Yangqiao Ship Lock22Quan River Bridge of Guangming Road2×304.6734.43Linquan County17.833Road Bridge of Jing Bend2×304.7634.34Jieshou County6.844Dugai Bridge1×302.9734.13Jieshou County55Quan River Bridge of Nanjing Road1×1103.5531.05Urban Area of Fuyang4.8Distance downstream from Fuyang Ship Lock66Quan River Bridge of Zhongnan Road2×253.7931.01Urban Area of Fuyang3.777Quan River Bridge of Yingzhou Road2×304.5430.96Urban Area of Fuyang1.888Quan River Bridge of Yingshang North Road1×986.1930.93Urban Area of Fuyang1Note: Designed highest navigable level in the Table is the level ever occurred in 5 years Table 2-2 List of numbers of impended navigation days for crossing bridges along Quan River　S204 Quan River bridge Quan River bridge at Guangming RoadJingwan highway bridge Bridge changed from ferryQuan River bridge at Nanjing RoadQuan River bridge at Zhongnna RoadQuan River bridge at Yingzhou Road Quan River bridge at Yingbei RoadBeam bottom elevation (m) 39.2 39.1 39.1 37.1 34.634.835.537.12Once-every-5-years water level (m) 34.51 34.43 34.34 34.13 31.0531.0130.9630.93 Bridge clearance at the once-every-5-years water level (m) 4.694.674.762.973.553.79 4.54 6.19 Avg. No. of impended navigation days for many years 5556015 days10 days5 daysNormal navigation Normal water level for a lock32.5 Above Yangqiao lock 28.5 Above Fuyang lockTwo operation areas, Chengguan and Yangqiao, are set in the Linquan port area. Chengguan operation area, completely built in 1986, boasts a total of eight berths with the length of 260m and the annual shipping capacity of 300,000 tons, and 100-ton ships can be berthed here. Yangqiao operation area, completely built in 1991, boasts a total of four berths with the length of 200m and the annual shipping capacity of 400,000 tons, including three berths for bulk cargo and one berth for dangerous goods, and 300-ton ships can be berthed here.Through analysis on the current situation of channels, crossing bridges and port areas, the water depth of channels and clearance of crossing bridges of Quan River can basically meet the requirements of Grade IV lock navigation. For the purpose of maximizing the economic efficiency of Yangqiao lock, it is recommended to perform construction of the Quan River channel improvement project and Chengguan and Yangqiao operation areas in Linquan port area.2.1.3 Hubs and Other Water Conservancy Facilities Yangqiao Hub lies in Yangqiao Town of Linquan County, and is an important water conservancy control hub building of Fenquan River. It has the functions of preventing surface water loss, fully utilizing reservoir capacity of riverbed, raising underground water level by appropriately increasing water storage, and developing farm irrigation & shipping. The hub is composed of the Old Gate, the New Gate and the Ship Lock. The construction of Old Yangqiao Ship Lock began in 1958 and was completed in May 1961; the gate has 7 openings with the size (width × height) 5 × 5.5 m, gate floor elevation 27.8 m, gate top elevation 33.30 m, and adjacent dyke top elevation 35.8 m, and the energy dissipation is done in a stilling basin. The Old gate adopts reinforced concrete plain batten gate, and has 7 winch hoists with the hoisting capacity of 15 t. The designed flow rate for draining water logging is 1,090 m3/s, and the designed flow rate for draining flood is 1,630 m3/s. The construction of the New Gate began in 1975 and was completed in May 1976; the gate has 14 openings, 7 deep ones and 7 shallow ones in two layers with different heights. The deep openings have the size of 5 × 4 m, and for the shallow ones, the size is 5 × 3.5 m; the gate floor elevation is 25.0 m, the gate top elevation of deep openings is 29.0 m, and for the shallow ones, the elevation is 33.0 m. The adjacent dyke top elevation is 35.8 m, and the energy dissipation is done by baffle sills; the gates used are shell gates in the upper part and concrete plain batten gates in the lower part; 7 winches (2 × 25 t) are used for the deep openings, and 7 (2 × 15 t) are used for the shallow ones; the irrigation area is 156 thousand mu. The Yangqiao Ship Lock has the designed levels of 32.8 m in upstream of the gate and 32.6 m in downstream, and the designed flow rate of 1,090 m3/s; the calibrated values are: 34.66 m in upstream of the gate, 34.35 m in downstream, and the designed flow rate of 1,630 m3/s. For the highest actual level on August 17, 1975, the values are: 34.75 m in upstream of the gate, 34.53 m in downstream, and the flow rate of 1,440 m3/s. The Old Yangqiao Ship Lock is located in the left bank (the northern side) of old Yangqiao lock of Fenquan River, with the grade of VI, and the standard for 100-ton ships; the size of the ship lock is 100 × 7.5 × 2.0m, and the designed traffic capacity is 1 million ton.The dyke grade of the river segment in which the engineering exists is 3, and the current dyke is the one reinforced in the Initial Treatment Engineering of Fenquan River from 1998 to 2005; the dyke top elevation is 37.01 – 38.0 m, the top width is about 8 m, and the ground in the dyke is slightly high (elevation about 34 m); the ratio of the side slope facing the river is 1:3. 2.2 Necessity of Engineering ConstructionThe Yangqiao Ship Lock is one of the important hydraulic structures of Quan River Pivotal Engineering, directly influencing the water bulk cargo transportation of Linquan County; the water transportation route begins at Quan River, then goes to Shaying River, Huai River, Beijing-Hangzhou Canal, and finally Changjiang River. The area has fertile land and abundant natural resources, and is one of the commodity grain bases & important energy industry base in China. The direct hinterland of the area includes mainly Linquan County, Fuyang City and Yingshang County, and the indirect hinterland can be expanded to Henan, area along Huai River, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, etc. The direct hinterland includes the coal industry city in China, an important transportation hub city in East China, a trade center, and a regional central city for comprehensive processing industry; they have different characteristics and broad development prospect. With the national economy development & resource development in the hinterland, particularly the continuous improvement of the productivity of Linquan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., and the continuous development of agricultural & sideline product processing industry in Linquan County, the lockage amount of the Yangqiao Ship Lock will increase continuously, and it is expected to be 4.8 million tons in 2020, and 6.1 million tons in 2030. The necessity of its extension is mainly shown in the following aspects: 1. Traffic pressureThe social & economy development of the hinterland requires a pattern suitable for great traffic. With the unique advantages like large transport volume, small investment, low cost and sustainable development, the water transport shoulders the transport of bulk cargos and long-distance transport, particularly the transports of goods like chemical products, grains, agricultural & sideline products to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. Currently, Linquan County has no railway, and the water transport plays an important role in the traffic strategy of hinterland, and it is necessary to fully utilize the important function of water transport on Quan River in the comprehensive transportation of the County. In 1998 – 2005, Fuyang City conducted Fenquan River Treatment Engineering, and the channel status was greatly improved; however, due to the limitation of the Yangqiao Ship Lock, the navigation capacity of Quan River is not improved all the time, which becomes a bottleneck hindering the economy development of Linquan County. The extension of the Yangqiao Ship Lock can improve the shipping conditions of the whole channel of Quan River, speed up the flow of materials and facilitate the fast development of regional economy in the basin; meanwhile, the traffic pressure in Linquan County can be remitted, and the extension is beneficial to the formation of a comprehensive transport network pattern integrating multiple transportation types like highway, water transport, railway, etc. in the hinterland. 2. Environmental benefitsThe land resource is limited and non-renewable. With the fast development of economy, land for various types of construction is increased greatly and the farmland is reducing gradually; currently, China controls the land for construction strictly, and enhanced the administration and approval of land resource. By paying effort to the development of inland water transportation, the land resource can be effectively protected. In addition, the water transportation has the advantages including large transport volume, low energy consumption and less pollution, so it is an environment-friendly and resource-saving transportation means. After the extension of Yangqiao Ship Lock, the channel of Quan River will fully exert its transportation function, the land occupation caused by construction of railway or highway is prevented to some extent, which is beneficial to land resource protection, resource conversation and pollution reduction. In addition, compared with highway traffic and railway traffic in general, the water transportation has smaller noise and less influence to the sensitive points along the channel. The extension will improve the environmental situation in neighboring areas as well as living quality of residents nearby.2.3 Proposed Project Overview2.3.1 Hydrological Analysis of EngineeringThe characteristic water levels of the ship lock is shown in Table 2-3Table 2-3 Table of Characteristic Water Levels of Ship Lock ItemLevel (m)Ship lock upstreamShip lock downstreamHighest navigable level34.3033.70Lowest navigable level27.1025.09Calibrated high level35.5235.22Level for maintenance30.2027.58Level for construction30.5027.602.3.2 Hydrological RegimeAccording to the statistics of information in near 20 years from 1986 – 2011, for many years, the highest monthly average level of Yangqiao Ship Lock upstream is 30.43 m in September, and the lowest one is 29.35 m in June and November; for the Yangqiao Ship Lock downstream, the highest monthly average level is 28.07 m in July, and the lowest one is 27.22 m in February. The monthly average levels of Yangqiao Ship Lock upstream and downstream are shown in Table 2-4 and Table 2-5 respectively.Table 2-4 Monthly Average Levels of Yangqiao Ship Lock Upstream (1986 – 2011)MonthJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Average level (m)29.3729.7129.7729.7029.5229.53MonthJul.Aug.Sep.\Oct.NovDec.Average level (m)30.1130.3030.4330.2329.3529.54Table 2-5 Monthly Average Levels of Yangqiao Ship Lock Downstream (1986 – 2011)MonthJan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun.Average level (m)27.2427.2227.2727.2827.2827.32MonthJul.Aug.Sep.Oct.Nov.De.Average level (m)28.0728.0527.8727.6527.3027.252.3.3 Relationship Between Yangqiao Ship Lock & Yangqiao Check GateThe construction of Yangqiao Check Gate began in 1958 and ended in May 1961; in 2004, the gate was reinforced. The check gate has 7 openings with the size of 5 × 5.5 m, the gate floor elevation is 28.1 m, and the gate top elevation is 33.20 m. The Yangqiao Check Gate is mainly used for adjusting the upstream & downstream levels of the gate, and meeting the needs of passing ships and water usage of upstream & downstream. Yangqiao Ship Lock is located in the left bank of the Yangqiao Check Gate and is mainly used for allowing the ships to pass; the Yangqiao Ship Lock is one part of the Yangqiao Hub, and its calibrated flood level is the flood level of Yangqiao Check Gate on once-in-two-decades basis; the ship lock is not used for flood discharge, and does not occupy the flood discharge section of the channel or the Hub, so it does not affect the flood discharge of the Yangqiao Hub.According to the Document of the People’s Government of Fuyang City [1996] No. 191: Official Reply for approving Control & Utilization Plan of Large Water Gate in 1996, the regulation scheme of the Yangqiao Check Gate is: 29.5 - 30.5 m in a flood season, and 30.5 - 31.5m in a non-flood season. 2.3.4 Navigation Standard & Construction ScaleAs the largest tributary of Huai River, Shaying River is one important part of the channel network of Henan Province, Anhui Province and Huai River Basin, and one tributary of “two main streams & three tributaries” backbone channel network of Anhui Province, with the planned grade of IV. Quan River is the largest tributary of Shaying River, having a long navigation history. The Yangqiao Ship Lock of Quan River plays an important part in the hinterland water transportation network; according to the prediction results of economy and transport volume in the hinterland, as well as the current status and the plan of the channel, the construction scale of the Yangqiao Ship Lock is Grade IV, and the lock is designed for 500-ton ships and also applied to 1,000-ton ships, i.e. lock chamber size: 200 × 13 × 3.5 m (length × width × water depth on sill). The designed annual traffic capacity is 6.72 million tons. 2.3.5 Water Resource Conditions of Quan RiverThe water source of Quan River mainly originates from precipitation and other branches and the difference between the upper and lower water levels of Yangqiao is around 1m in the dry period. The water resources of Quan River are rich, so the upper and lower water depths of the lock can be kept at over 2m in the mid-dry season.As the upper water level of Yangqiao lock is mainly controlled by the Yangqiao check gate, the lower water level of Yangqiao lock is mainly controlled by the Fuyang lock. After the reconstruction and expansion of locks, the upper and lower water levels of locks are still controlled by Yangqiao check gate and Fuyang lock, so the water level of upstream and downstream approach channels has no change fundamentally.Based on the feasibility report, after completion of locks, the two-way lock-crossing time is 45 minutes, the total irrigation volume is 5227m?, the irrigation or discharge time of the lock chamber is about 10 minutes, and the average water consumption per day of the lock is 1.93m?/s. The lock draining is a short process and the water in the approach channel remains at rest in most of time. Even in the draining process, the water flow speed in the approach channel (the bottom width is 35m and the minimum water depth is 2 m) is rather small. After the lock is completed, the downstream main channels still keep the same as before. The irrigation time of the lock chamber is about 10 minutes, the flow is about 8.7m/s and the flow rate is only 0.3m/s, which can be seen that the lock irrigation imposes less impact on the flow rate of the upstream approach channel.According to the project feasibility calculation, the average water consumption is 2.1m3 when 1-ton cargoes cross the lock. With the increase of freight transport across the lock, the number of lock draining increases as well, which will consume a certain amount of lock storage capacity. As the water level is mainly controlled by the check gate, the water resources shall be optimally used by cooperating with relevant water departments in the operation in line with the requirements of water utilization for shipping.2.4 Ship Lock Engineering2.4.1 Lock construction scaleAfter expansion is completed, Yangqiao lock is Grade IV, the maximum ship tonnage is 500 tons, the effective dimension of the lock chamber is 200×13.0×3.5m (length×width×threshold water depth) and the lock is single-line and single-stage ship lock. The line segment of the upstream approach channel is 344.2m, the line segment of the downstream approach channel is 488.4m and the bottom width of the upstream and downstream approach channels is 40m; one management zone shall be constructed. The lock-crossing time is 45min and the number of navigation days is 330 days.过1. Prediction of lock-crossing transport capacity According to the statistical data of the lock-crossing transport capacity of Yangqiao lock from 1991 to 2010, the lock-crossing transport capacity reached 72,000 tons in the early nineties, then it gradually decreased, and it was only 10,400 tons in 2005; after that, it gradually increased. Generally speaking, it experienced from large to small and vice versa, so it can be kept within 10,000 tons annually. The main cargo types are chemical raw materials and products, chemical fertilizer, grains, coal and other bulk goods. In addition, mining and construction materials account for a certain proportion to them. Coal and mining and construction materials are mainly purchased from other places, and other cargoes are sold to other places, mainly to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. In 2009 and 2010, the cargo transport volumes in Yangqiao operation area were 140,900 and 187,000 tons respectively with a significant increase, which shows a trend of a gradual increase in water transport in recent years.According to the prediction, after the modification engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock is completed, the total goods transport volume will be 4.8 million tons in 2020, including 1.75 million tons for upbound transport, and 3.05 million tons for down bound transport; in 2030, the total goods transport volume will be 6.1 million tons, including 2.45 million tons for upbound transport, and 3.65 million tons for down bound transport. According to the meteorological condition of Linquan County, the navigation time of the Yangqiao Ship Lock is determined to be 330 days.2. Calculation of water consumption of ship lockOn the basis of the designed annual goods transport volume (7.3 million tons) passing the ship lock in single direction, the average water consumption of the ship lock is 1.93 (m3/s) in one day, the average water consumption for each time passing the lock is 5,227 m3, and the average water consumption for each ton of goods passing the lock is 2.1 m3.3. Water level designThe water levels of Yangqiao lock are designed as follows:Table 5-2 List of water levels designed for Yangqiao lockItemWater level (m)RemarkAbove lockBelow lockMax navigable water level34.3033.70Once every 10 yearsMin navigable water level27.1025.0998% Guarantee rateReview high water level35.5235.22Once every 20 years4. Elevation designElevations of all parts of the lock are designed as follows:(1) Head bay (2) Lock chamber (3) Tail bay Elevation on the top of a lock gate: 36.00m Elevation on the top of a lock wall: 36.6 m Elevation on the top of a lock gate: 35.69m Elevation on the top of a wall: 23.60 m Elevation on the top of a bottom slab: 21.59 m Elevation on the top of a wall: 37.0 m Threshold elevation: 21.59 m (4) Upstream and downstream approach channel (5) Building against ships (6) Navigation wall The min water depth is 3.0m. Top elevation of upstream: 35.5m (excl. parapet height) Top elevation of upstream: 35.5m (excl. parapet height) Bottom elevation of upstream : 24.10m Top elevation of downstream: 36.0m Top elevation of downstream: 35.0m (excl. parapet height) Bottom elevation of downstream: 22.09m2.4.2 Overall layout of the lock（1）Overall layout of the lock chamberAs the project is an expansion project, it is recommended to select the original location as the lock construction location by virtue of principals of less land acquisition, less demolition and making full use of available sources. Namely, it is recommended that the lock center shall be built at 2.8m to the left of the old lock center (i.e. in the slight north direction) and about 159m away from the check gate center, so that the lock layout is basically smooth and straight compared to the built dikes. The head bay is the floodgate head, which is laid at 93m of the upstream of the head bay of the old lock; while the tail bay is located at the original tail bay of the old lock and laid along water retaining buildings, and the lock chamber is located between lock heads. The head bay is 21.5m long, the lock chamber is 200m long and the tail bay is 23m long.（2）Overall layout of approach channels and berth areasThe layout plan of the lock approach channel for this expansion project adopts asymmetric design by dredging the original channel. The temporary berth areas are set on the upstream and downstream, where the temporary upstream berth area is located on the left beach outside the mouth of the approach channel and the temporary downstream berth area is located on the left beach of the approach channel opposite to Yangqiao dock. The recent berth area will be made by excavating a water course so that ships waiting for crossing the lock can park here temporarily. The temporary upstream berth area is made by excavating the original river channel and beach land, the excavated water course is 317.9m long, 40m wide and 24.10m bottom elevation, and its two ends are connected to the channel through a bell mouth of 135°. The temporary downstream berth area is made by excavating the beach land, the excavated water course is 200m long, 40m wide and 22.09m bottom elevation, and its two ends are connected to the channel smoothly.For the overall layout plan of this project, please see Figure 2.2.4.3 Hydraulic Structures of Ship Lock1. Lock chamberThe lock chamber is an integral reinforced concrete one with a U-shaped groove in a dock-type structure of reinforced concrete, its length along the water flow is 200 m, and its width is 13 m; the lock chamber is divided into 13 segments with seams, and the distance between the seams is 12 m or 16 m. Two layers of water stop are arranged in each seam of the U-shaped groove, one layer is composed of rubber and the other is composed of copper sheets, and one layer of impervious geotextile is laid outside of the seams. The floor elevation of the lock chamber is determined to be 21.59 m. The lock walls are vertical, the maximum freeboard height of a fleet without load is 2.3 m, the wall top elevation is determined to be 36.6 m, and the proposed elevation of fill surface behind the lock walls is 36.6 m.2. Head bayThe head bay has an integral reinforced concrete structure, a curtain wall floor and empty-case abutment piers; the gate adopts the most common miter gate, and the water conveyance system adopts lateral short galleries. The galleries and energy dissipation grates are arranged in the abutment piers. The head bay has the length of 21.5 m, width 26.2 m and total height 19.4 m. The sill top elevation of the head bay is 23.60 m; the gate top elevation is 36.0 m, and the top elevation of the head bay wall is 37.50 m. Gallery size: entrance 2.6×2.6 m, exit 5.0×2.6 m, separating piers are arranged in the middle part of the gallery, and the submergence depth is 2.89 m. The floor thickness is generally 1.5 m. Short gallery water conveyance systems are arranged in the bottom layers of walls on both sides, in the top layer, the empty-case wall has the thickness of 0.8 m, and the partition wall has the thickness of 0.6 m. For the entrance and the exit of the water conveyance gallery, the floor elevation is 19.6 m and the top elevation is 22.2 m; the control section of the water conveyance gallery has the height of 2.6 m and the width of 2.6 m, and a plain batten gate is arranged on the section for controlling; the exit of the water conveyance gallery is divided into two openings by a separating pier, and each opening has the height of 2.6 m and width of 2.3 m. In the exit, the flow speed is reduced by convective energy dissipation and dispersed outflow, a grate-type energy dissipation room is arranged in the downstream end of the bay, and its top and sides are provided with slots for outflow; a stilling basin is arranged in the first segment of the lock chamber. The ship lock control room is arranged on the top of the abutment piers of the head bay, and its first, second and third floors are the machine room, the power distribution room and the master control room respectively. 3. Tail bayThe tail bay has an integral reinforced concrete structure, a flat floor and empty-case abutment piers, and water conveyance galleries are arranged in the abutment piers. The tail bay has the length of 23.6 m along the water flow direction, the width of 26.2 m and the total height of 17.91 m. The sill top elevation of the tail bay is 21.59 m; the gate top elevation is 35.72 m, and the top elevation of the tail bay wall is 37.0 m. The floor thickness is generally 2.0 m. For the entrance and the exit of the water conveyance gallery, the floor elevation is 20.49 m and the top elevation is 23.09 m, which are lower than the lowest navigable downstream level 2.0 m, and meet the requirement of submergence depth over 1.0 m on the exit top; the control section of the water conveyance gallery has the height of 2.6 m and the width of 2.6 m, and a plain batten gate is arranged on the section for controlling; the exit of the water conveyance gallery is divided into two openings by a separating pier, and each opening has the height of 2.6 m and width of 2.30 m. The exit is provided with baffle sills for reducing flow speed by convective energy dissipation. The road bridge goes through the top of the tail bay, the pier foundations are above the abutment piers of the tail bay, and a machine room is arranged in the abutment piers below the bridge. 4. Upstream & downstream wing walls The upstream & downstream wing walls have the length of 60 m, and are arranged asymmetrically. The wing wall adopt the structure of reinforced concrete counterfort, with the floor thickness of 1.0 m, upstream wing wall height of 12.90 m and downstream wing wall height 14.41 m; along the axial line of the ship lock, the arranged length of the walls is all 60 m; the upstream wing wall on one side is L-shaped, and the one on the other side is V-shaped; the downstream wing wall on one side is straight, and the one on the other side is V-shaped; horizontal and vertical separating bracings are arranged between the floors of the wing walls on both sides, and mortar stone blocks are arranged in the separating bracings for bottom protection. 5. Upstream & downstream approach channels The upstream and downstream approach channels adopt asymmetric design by dredging the original approach channels. The line segment of the upstream approach channel is 344.2m, the line segment of the downstream approach channel is 488.4m and the bottom width of the upstream and downstream approach channels is 40m; the minimum bending radius of upstream is 450m and the minimum bending radius of downstream is 320m. The water depth of the approach channel is 3.0m.If the water level is below the normal water level, the upstream side slope is designed as 1.3. Considering the close horizontal distance from the embankment, a low retaining wall is built in the middle of a berm with the side slope of 1.3. The section from the channel bottom to the normal water level adopts concrete-interlocked blocks to protect slope and the section above the normal water level adopts ecological methods to protect slope. The bending radius of the connection part connected to the main channel is 320m or 450m, which can completely guarantee the safe sailing of single ships of less than 1,000-ton.6. Upstream & downstream berthing structuresThe berthing structures are arranged outwards from the end of navigation walls; the upstream berthing structures adopt solid deck type and are connected with the navigation walls; the marine fender buildings have the same structure scheme with the navigation walls. Considering the length of the anchor segment and the water flow condition in the main channel, a dolphin pier is arranged in the upstream 20 m from the counterfort retaining wall. Pier-type structure is adopted for the downstream berthing structures, 11 dolphin piers are arranged from the position 110 m away from the navigation walls, and steel approach bridges are used to connect the piers. In order to facilitate people to enter or leave the piers, steel approach bridges are also used for connecting the piers and the dykes. 7. Gate valve, hoist, power supply & distribution, electric control(1) Gate valveThe working gates of the head and tail bays are both steel miter gates with the weight around 50 tons. The gate for the water conveyance gallery is a plain batten gate with the weight around 5.0 tons. (2) HoistA hydraulic hoist system with horizontal oil cylinder is adopted, and the valve adopts a hydraulic hoist system with vertical oil cylinder. (3) Power supply & distribution, electric controlThe power is supplied nearby, the power transformation room is arranged on the abutment piers of the head bay, with stem power supply method adopted; the power cables is connected directly to the power drive cabinets in the head & tail bay machine rooms from the power distribution room. The main body of the ship lock and the upstream & downstream approach channels are illuminated with lamps on poles. The electric control adopts a system combining centralized program control and decentralized control, so as to ensure the normal operation of the ship lock. The centralized control is operated in the master control room in the head bay, the decentralized control is conducted in the operation rooms of the head and tail bays respectively, and the system is monitored with computers and televisions. Control rooms, power distribution rooms, machine rooms and other production supporting rooms are arranged on the top of the abutment piers of the head and tail bays. 8. House construction engineeringA three-storey building with concrete frame structure is built on the abutment piers of the head bay, for arranging the control rooms and the machine rooms, and the area of the building is 556 m2. In the management area, buildings like an office building, a canteen, dormitories, toilets, etc., and the total area is 895 m2; walls are built around the management area.2.5Bridge and Connection Work2.5.1 Current Situation of Old Roads and Old BridgesCurrently, the tail bay is connected to roads and bridges, including Grade III County Road 017 in the north-south direction with asphalt pavement, the subgrade width of 8 m and the pavement width of 7 m. The road segmentation is as follows: 0.5m soil shoulder+3.5m lane+3.5m lane+0.5m soil shoulder, where the bridge width of the lock is 8.0m and the bridge segmentation is as follows: 0.5m guardrail +7.0m lane +0.5m guardrail. The top structure of the old bridge adopts T-type beams of 10m and 13m, and its bottom structure adopts pile-column bridge piers and rib-plate abutments. The overall length of the bridge is 67.5m. In order to meet the requirements of navigation of new locks, it is required to rebuild the section of this road2.5.2 Highway Work1. Grade Standards of connection line road and bridgeRoad grade: Grade III roadCalculated vehicle speed: 40 km/hDesign load grade: road – Grade I 2. Connection highway routeThe connection highway to be rebuilt starts from the south of the check gate (K0+000) to 200m to the north of the northern embankment of the river channel by connecting to all available roads (K0+450) with the total connection length of 0.45Km, where K0+157.13~K0+214.63 is a lock-crossing bridge. The main technical indicators are as follows: the minimum longitudinal gradient is 0.3%, the maximum longitudinal gradient is 3.5%, the minimum slope length is 50m, the horizontal curve radius is R=3,400m and the convex vertical curve radius is R=1,200m.The main control points for highways are the bridge surface elevation of the check gate, the ground elevation of the current road and newly built locks.3. Roadbed & road surface of connection line roadRoad surface type: asphalt concrete road surfaceRoadbed & road surface widths: roadbed width 8.5 m, road surface width 7 m. Road surface structure layers: surface layer: 4 cm AC-13 (C) fine-particle asphalt concrete6 cm AC-20 (C) mid- particle asphalt concreteBase layer: 30 cm cement stabilized macadamSub-base layer: 20 cm limestone soil4. Subgrade drainage methodsThe roads regarding this project adopt filled embankment, and the pavement adopts the natural slow flow method to drain outside the road embankment.2.5.3 Bridge Engineering1. Design standards (1) Design load: road – Grade I (2) Seismic fortification intensity: the ground motion peak acceleration of the position of the bridge is 0.05 g, equal to Basic Intensity VI of earthquake. The seismic fortification in the bridge design is in accordance with Intensity VII. (3) Design width: net -7.5+2×1.25 m, total design bridge width 10 m. (4) Bridge skew angle: 0° (the included angle between the normal of the running lane and the water flow direction) (5) Navigation standard: Grade IV (6) Max navigable water level: 33.70m (below the lock) with the navigation clearance of 5m. (7) Guardrail on bridge: New Jersey Guardrail2. Structure typeThe road bridge crossing the gate has the full length of 95.54 m, and the top structure of the main bridge adopts 6 × 15 reinforced concrete T beams. The surface pavement above the beams adopts 10 cm C40 waterproof concrete and 10 cm asphalt concrete.Bottom structure: the main pier crossing the bay adopts a thin-wall pier; the approach bridge piers adopt pile type piers, and the bridge abutment adopts piles connecting with bent cap. The pile foundations all adopt cast-in-place piles, and are designed as friction piles. 2.6 Plans About Land Acquisition & DemolitionThe engineering occupies land 16.91 hm2 in total, 6.91hm2 of the land is permanently occupied and 10hm2 is occupied temporarily. The land occupied includes water, farmland, woodland & grassland, land for water conservancy facilities, etc. The details are shown in Table 2-6.Table 2-6 Table for Area Statistics of Land Types Occupied by Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship LockProject areaType of occupied lands (hm2)Total RemarksWaterDry landWoodland & grasslandLand for transportationLand for water conservancy facilitiesChannel Engineering Area0.250.530.462.143.38Permanent land acquisitionDyke Engineering Area0.180.340.241.532.29Permanent land acquisitionRoad Bridge & Connection Line Area0.060.420.48Permanent land acquisitionShip Lock Management Area0.050.480.230.76Permanent land occupationSpoil Ground0.705.34.010Temporary land occupationTotal 1.186.235.50.423.9016.91Land uses include permanent land occupation and temporary land acquisition, the scope of the former mainly includes the land used for the main body engineering of the ship lock. The construction and living area is located within the scope of permanent lands already belong to the old shiplock, so no new land acquisition is needed; the temporary land mainly covers the spoil ground area. The bottom land inside the dyke on the southwest side of the flood diversion gate is temporarily selected, and 10hm2 of temporary land acquisition is needed. According to Due Diligence Investigation Report of Channel Improvement Engineering of Shaying River – Yangqiao Ship Lock, the project needs to demolish 190 m2 of rural outbuildings, influencing 10 people in 4 households. A resettlement plan has been prepared. 2.7 Excavation-fill BalancingThe earthwork during the construction period mainly includes: the demolition of the old ship lock, the excavation of upstream & downstream approach channels, foundation clearance of navigation dykes on both sides & dyke strengthening, foundation excavation & filling of road bridge & connection line area, old house demolition & building foundation pit excavation in management area, site leveling of production & living area for construction, topsoil stripping & leveling of spoil ground, etc. The total earth excavation in the engineering is 926 thousand m? (641 thousand m? from land and 285 thousand m? from underwater, and the total fill of earth is 279 thousand m? (200 thousand m? is filled for the main body building, and 79 thousand m? for the navigation walls & berthing structures). After the deduction of the earth filled, the remaining earth excavated is 674 thousand m?, one part of the remaining earth is used for filling the cofferdam, and the other part is discarded on the temporarily acquired land as spoil, and the spoil ground is initially determined to be the bottom land on the southwest side of the Yangqiao Flood Diversion Gate. The excavation-fill balancing & earth destination of the engineering are shown in Table 2-7. Table 2-7 Table for Excavation-fill Balancing & Earth Destination Unit: 10,000 m?Project areaEarth excavatedEarth filledImportExportSpoilAmountResourceAmountDestinationAmount DestinationChannel Engineering Area90.665.6913.73Dyke strengthening & roadbed filling0.4Earthing for greening70.84Spoil groundDyke Engineering Area1.3113.5413.54Channel Engineering Area1.31Earthing for greeningRoad & Connection Line Area0.060.230.19Channel Engineering Area0.02Earthing for greeningShip Lock Management Area0.570.540.03Filling nearest bottom landTotal92.62013.7313.7372.6Note: the earth excavated includes the stripped topsoil and the spoil from demolishing the oil ship lock, all earth amount is converted into natural earth amount2.8 Organization & Technology for Construction2.8.1 Organization for Construction1. Traffic in and out of the siteDuring the construction period, in order to reduce interference and facilitate management, the main temporary facilities for construction are arranged on the right side of the ship lock, and in-site roads to the living area, the construction site and the aggregate storage respectively should be built.2. Water supply, power supply & communication systemsWater supply system: the water for production and living adopts underground water source, and the water for production can use the underground water from deep wells with water level dropped; an elevated tank with the volume of 100m3 will be set up, and pipelines will be laid to all water usage points. Power supply system: the peak power capacity for the construction of the engineering is about 200 kW; currently, a 10 kV power supply line exists on the check gate, with the transformer capacity of 50 kVA, and the permanent capacity increase of 100kVA from the ship lock; the power line can be set up and used in advance, and add a 100 kVA transformer temporarily. In addition, a 75 kW diesel power generator is arranged for backup. Communication system: in combination with the ship lock management facilities, 2 computerized telephones are arranged. 3. Factory area & facilities for constructionThe concrete mixing system is arranged outside the excavation line on the right side of the lock chamber, the aggregate storage, the cement storage and the concrete precast yard are arranged near each other. Two mortar mixers are respectively arranged on the upstream & downstream wing walls. The power distribution room, the steel bar & wood processing plants, the on-site storage, the facility storage and the gate processing plant are arranged on the ground along the downstream bank slope of the check gate. 4. Construction CampsThe houses for the livelihood welfare of the employees are arranged between the 5-opening check gate and the ship lock, and office buildings can be located within lock management area. 2.8.2 Construction technology1. Pit drainageAccording to the terrain & geological conditions, homogeneous soil cofferdams are built by filling in the ends of the upstream & downstream approach channels, and the corresponding designed flood return period is 5 – 10 years; considering the circumstances like construction in all year round and passing a flood season, the flood standard of once-in-decade is selected, the corresponding levels are 34.31 m in upstream of the ship lock and 33.51 m in downstream. During the water retaining period of the cofferdams, the incoming water from upstream is adjusted by and discharged through the Yangqiao Check Gate. The section size of the cofferdams should meet the requirement of stabilization; for the cofferdam in the downstream, temporary traffic should also be considered, and the top width of the cofferdam in the downstream is 7 m. The cofferdam in the upstream is arranged 360 m outside the head bay with the top length of 110 m and the top width of 3 m, and the ratios of its inner & outer side slopes are both 1:15; the cofferdam in the downstream is arranged 350 m outside the head bay with the top length of 60 m and the top width of 7 m, and the ratios of its inner & outer side slopes are both 1:3; homogeneous soil cofferdams are adopted in the plan.The stable underground water level in the site of the ship lock is 30.5 m, and the minimum elevation for foundation pit excavation. In order to keep the earth excavation for the foundation pit in a dry land environment, and to prevent the disturbance to the base soil layer, the underground water level must be lowered to at least 0.5 m below the minimum bottom elevation of the foundation pit, and the water lever reduction is above 12.2 m. The frequent water discharge is mainly for water seepage and rain in the foundation pit. Open draining ditches and water-collecting wells are excavated around the foundation pit, and submerged pumps are used to discharge the water; the water level of the foundation pit is reduced by excavating deep wells.Selection of pumping equipment: compared with the deep-well pump, the submerged pump is more light and flexible, and has less power consumption, simple technology and convenient use; therefore, QP-25 electric submerged pump is selected, it has the lift of 25 m, and the corresponding flow rate of 15 m3/h; 29 such pumps are selected according to the backup amount of 30%.Draining ditches should be arranged on both sides of the foundation pit outside its excavation lines, the pumped water is gathered in the water collecting wells, and then discharged to the river channels on both sides through the main ditch. Concrete pipes should be buried in the crossing positions of the draining ditches and the roads or the like.2. Construction of earthworkIn the beginning of December 2013, the earthwork began officially, the foundation pit for the ship lock was excavated initially and the work was finished in one month and a half; in the end of December, the excavation of the upstream & downstream approach channels began, which generally ended in the end of February 2014; ridges were reserved on the river banks of the upstream & downstream approach channels, and will be dredged before the completion acceptance of the engineering.The earth excavation engineering is conducted in three segments, i.e. the foundational pit segment, and the upstream & downstream approach channel segments; the spoil is discarded on the temporarily acquired land. At the same time of excavation, the fill should be prepared according to the soil quality requirements and the engineering amount of the fill, and be stacked on the right side of the ship lock. After the initial water drainage of the foundation pit is completed, the desilting work of the channels will begin, and the earth excavation for the old ship lock demolition will be conducted in coordination with the concrete remove and the like. The order of the excavation is: firstly the earth excavation of the navigation walls, the head & tail bays and the lock chamber, so as to provide a working plane for the subsequent foundation treatment and concrete casting, and secondly, the earth excavation of the upstream & downstream channels; the earth excavated is mainly used for building the upstream & downstream navigation dykes and filling back for buildings, the earth for the former is stacked temporarily in near positions, and the earth for the latter can be transported to the working plane directly, but for some earth from the channel, drying by solarization shall be considered before stacking onto the dykes.(1) Excavation of foundation pitThe width of the reserved working plane for the excavation of the foundation pit is 3 m. In excavation, the earth above 36.0 m elevation within the range 2 m outside the eexcavation line of the foundation pit should be totally eexcavated, then side slopes with the ratio of 1:2 are made according to the soil quality and the excavation depth, and construction platforms with the width of 3 m should be reserved in the elevations of 25.5 m and 30.5 m. In the eexcavation of the foundation pit, considering that a scoop tram is suitable for the eexcavation of earth with the depth of 5 m. The earth eexcavation with the elevation of 25.5 m or more is mainly conducted by scoop trams, with the cooperation of bulldozers; for the earth with elevation less than 25.5 m, the eexcavation is conducted by excavators and the earth is conveyed by dump trucks; in order to prevent excessive mechanical eexcavation, and disturbing the base soil layer, 30 cm should be reserved in the mechanical eexcavation, and the bottom is cleared artificially. The planned period of the eexcavation of the foundation pit was one month and a half, the eexcavation conducted by the scoop trams took one month and the work by the excavators took half a month. According to the amount of excavation, 20 trailer-type scoop trams with the buckle content of 2.5 m3 were selected, the average productivity of each scoop tram is 200 m3/day; two WY100 backhoe eexcavators were selected, and each of them worked together with 5 8-ton dump trucks, and the average productivity of each excavator is 1,000 m3/day.(2) Eexcavation of approach channelsThe eexcavation of approach channels was mainly dredging, and the part above the elevation of 25.5 m is considered as the eexcavation conducted by the scoop trams; since the berthing structures adopt gravity structure, the underground water level should be reduced; for the earth with elevation less than 25.5 m, the eexcavation is conducted by backhoe excavators, the earth is conveyed by dump trucks, and water seepage is solved by open drainage. The eexcavation of the segment connected with the river channel is conducted by hydraulic extraction. The underwater parts of the entrance & exit of the approach channels will be dredged with small dredgers after the end of the main body engineeringThe total volume of earth eexcavation of the approach channels is 230 thousand m3. 20 scoop trams with the buckle content of 2.5 m3 were selected for the eexcavation conducted by the scoop trams, the average productivity of each scoop tram is 200 m3/day, and the construction period was 30 days; for the eexcavation conducted by the eexcavators, 5 WY100 backhoe eexcavators were selected and each of them worked together with 5 8-ton dump trucks; the work is done in two shifts per day, the average productivity of each excavator is 1,000 m3/day, and the construction period is one month; in the excavation of the sludge section, 2 4PL-250 hydraulic extraction units were used, the average productivity of each unit is 300 m3/day, and the construction period is one month. River water can be directly pumped as the water source of hydraulic extraction, and the sludge is flushed to the mud-dumping area through steel pipes with the diameter of 100 mm. 3. Construction of reinforced concrete engineering After the excavation of the foundation pit, the concrete structure construction began; the casting of the head & tail bays was completed in the end of April 2014, and the casting of the lock chamber, the upstream & downstream wing walls will be completed in May 2015. The stonework and the concrete structure are constructed in parallel, the bottom protection & slope protection in upstream & downstream will be completed before the end of May, and the casting of concrete berthing columns will be completed before the end of July. After the concrete engineering of the main body and the wing walls is completed, the backfill of the foundation pit will begin, which will be completed in the end of June. The concrete cast-in-place & mixing system for the ship lock adopts HZS50 Concrete Mixing Station, having the following characteristics: simple equipment, good adaptation, feeding with a hydraulic bucket, automatic measurement with a photoelectric control platform scale, hourly output 50m3, fast and convenient pump transportation. The mixing station is arranged in the temporary construction site, and adopts pump transportation through pipelines; the mixed concrete is directly sent to the casting area without any other auxiliary equipment, and the operation is simple, fast and convenience. (1) Concrete casting procedureIn the concrete casting, the ship lock is divided into several casting blocks according to the structural joints; with the canter composed of the head and tail bays and the lock chamber, the casting order is arranged in the principles of “deep one first, heavy one first and main one first”. The casting of the head and tail bays comes first, and the casting of the lock chamber comes second, but the casting of different parts can be lapped reasonably and done in a slightly alternate way(2) Methods for concrete construction of different parts① Construction of floorIn the construction of the floor, 0.15 m×0.15 m square precast concrete columns are used for building the scaffold for conveying the concrete and operation, and the scaffold is disassembled when the casting is nearly completed. The floor should be cast in one time, if not, step casting method should be adopted; the floor is casted in three steps along the longitudinal direction of the ship lock, and the width of the step should not be less than 1 m; the slope ratio should not be less than 1:2, the unloading width in the forward direction of the casting blocks is 3 m, the time interval between different layers should be shortened in order to prevent cold joint. ② Construction of head & tail bay walls and side walls of lock chamberThe construction of head & tail bay walls and the side walls of the lock chamber adopts the formwork erecting method of “counter bolt & split support”.The flat formworks adopt typified bamboo plywood, the top beams adopts [12 U-steel, counter bolts is made by machining φ16 round bar steel, and the formworks for the curved formworks & the gate grooves are made of wood moulds. Pores are drilled on the flat formworks according to the interval between the counter bolts, the bolts are penetrated into the pores and 100 × 100 mm precast hollow concrete support pillars having the same thickness with the walls, and both ends of each bolt are protruding from the formworks and are fixed with the top beams. After fixing the formworks on both sides of the wall with the counter bolts, the formworks are supported with φ48 × 3.5 split steel pipes so as to prevent the overall deflectionor deformation of the formworks; the split steel pipes are connected with the top beams with the aid of diagonal bridging, so as to improve the overall stability of the formworks.In the casting of the concrete, chain barrels shall be hung on the scaffold on the top of the mould, the concrete is cast through the chain barrels and the personnel for casting shall operate in the mould. In order to keep the mutual stability of the walls and the uniform force deployment on the floor, the concrete for different walls should be raise uniformly and cast in a layered way, and the thickness of each layer of concrete should be within 0.5 m.4. Construction of stonework & soil filling(1) StoneworkThe stonework and the concrete structure are constructed in parallel, the bottom protection & slope protection in upstream & downstream will be completed before the end of May, and the casting of concrete berthing columns will be completed before the end of July. After the concrete engineering of the main body and the wing walls is completed, the backfill of the foundation pit will begin, which will be completed in the end of June.Before the construction of stone blocks with cement mortar, the stone blocks shall be cleaned and kept wet; the construction should be done in layers and each layer should be constructed with mortar on the bottom, and following the application of the mortar. Dry stone blocks should be constructed in rowlock method, bond or stacking without a foundation is forbidden; the joints of the masonry should be tight and the bottom should be stably built on the foundation with the support of padding, and the construction without support is forbidden. The padding layer shall adopt gravel with relatively large non-uniform coefficient; the construction on a slope should be conducted from bottom to top, and pouring from the top of the slope is forbidden, so as to prevent separation of particles.(2) Earth filling According to the condition of the site and the equipment status, the earth for filling the foundation pit is conveyed with 2.5 m? scoop trams, levelled with bulldozers and compacted with caterpillar tractors; the fill in 1-meter range from the building is tamped with frog hammers and artificial work, so as to achieve the designed dry density requirements. Before the earth filling, the base should be cleaned so as to remove ponding, sludge, etc. The earth for filling shall meet the design requirements and its water content shall be strictly controlled; each layer has the thickness of 0.25 m, after compacting the layer, the earth shall be sampled according to relevant provisions, and the earth filling should not continue until the earth samples are tested and meet the design requirements. 5. Schemes for gate manufacture & liftingThe embedded parts of the gate was buried in May 2014, the gate manufacture began in March and ended in the end of June, and the gate will be lifted to the position in middle July. The hoist will be installed in early September of 2015, and the electromechanical devices will be installed in November 2015. The steel gate construction adopts the scheme that the gate is manufactured nearby or in a factory, and is conveyed to the working site with a platform trailer, and it is lifted with truck cranes and cranes The works about welding the work pieces of the steel gate, and the assembly of the gate are both completed on a platform. The manufacture platform adopts concrete bar foundation, [12 U-steel framework, and 8 mm steel plates are laid on the platform; the levelness error should be controlled within ±1.0 mm. All steel materials like profile steel should be rectified and aligned before blanking or assembly; the technical process and the welding procedure should be formulated carefully, and the construction should strictly follow the regulations for operation. 3. Engineering Analysis3.1 Analysis of Environmental Impact Factors3.1.1 Environmental Impact Factors of Construction Project & Identification of Their Impact DegreesThe Extension Engineering Project of Yangqiao Ship Lock has mainly the following impacts to the environment: domestic sewage discharged by the construction staff, suspended solid content (SS) increase in the water during the excavation, residue water from drying and dewatering of the sediment after being conveyed to the mud-dumping area, oil pollution caused by the construction machines, land occupation due to stacking sediment, environmental impact to the air around caused by the odor of the mud-dumping area and the tail gas from gasoline/diesel engine of construction equipment (like vehicles and ships), mechanical noise impact of construction machines, possible impact to traffic from sludge & earth transportation, impact to local economy from engineering construction, and impact to land utilization & landscape from the recovery of the spoil ground.3.1.2 Analysis of Environmental Impact Factors of Construction ProjectThe environmental impact analysis results of the extension engineering of the ship lock are shown in Table 3-1; the adverse impacts of the engineering appear mainly in the construction period, such impacts are mostly reversible and local, and most of the impacts are short-term ones. Positive impacts appear mainly after the extension of the ship lock, and such impacts are long-term and extensive. Therefore, after the implementation of the engineering, its positive impacts will dominate. Table 3-1 Nature Analysis of Impact of Extension Engineering of Ship Lock330835293370EnvironmentalFactors00EnvironmentalFactors-15875460375Analysis of Impact00Analysis of ImpactAdverse impactsPositive impactsShort-termLong-termReversibleIrreversibleLocalExtensiveShort-termShort-termExtensiveLocalNatural resourceSoil√√√Underground water√√√Surface water√√√Air √√√Acoustic environment√√√Agro-ecology√√√√√Aquatic ecology√√√√√Social environmentLand utilization√√√√√Industry development√√√√√Agriculture development√√√√√Traffic & shipping√√√√√Health & safety√√√√√Social economy√√√√√Living standard√√√√√Note: √ shows the existence of impact3.1.3 Analysis of Environmental Factors Restricting Construction ProjectYangqiao Ship Lock is located in Yangqiao Town of Linquan County, the current status of the air environment in the area is good, and there is no residential area in 50 m range from the mud-dumping area; the heavy metal content in the sediment from the river bottom is small, so the sediment can be used in farmlands or woodlands; therefore, the ambient air quality, the sound quality and the solid waste restrict the project less. According to on-site investigation, the domestic water of the residents in the village on the west of the ship lock is mainly from the underground water. The sediment is stacked in the mud-dumping area during the construction period of the extension engineering of the ship lock, occupying some land, destroying the original status of the mud-dumping area, and causing more water & soil loss amounts in short time; also, the construction period may cause certain impacts to the activities (like travel) of the residents on the west of the ship lock, but the impacts can be minimized with some protective measures.3.2 Recognition of Environmental Impacts3.2.1 Recognition of Main Environmental ProblemsDuring the design period, the adverse environmental impacts should be minimized, which is mainly reflected in the reasonable ship lock position arrangement and the bridge engineering design, so as to effectively control the adverse environmental impacts, and to meet the traffic requirements of ships. The main environmental problems during the construction period include: the impact of the construction noise to the ambient noise of the construction area and the area around; the impact of fugitive dust on the road to the ambient air quality; the impact of the stacking of sediment to the ecology and vegetation (causing vegetation destruction); the impacts of domestic & process waste water to the surface water environment. The main environmental problems during the operation period include: the impact of the domestic sewage discharge from the staff of each management/service area to surface water quality; the impact of odor from the mud-dumping area to the ambient air quality around; The recognition of the main environmental impacts in different periods of the project construction is shown in Table 3-2. Table 3-2 Recognition Table of Environmental Impact Factors of EngineeringLink of engineeringPossible environmental impactImpact factorDesign periodShip lock position arrangement & land occupationLand utilizationConstruction periodDemolition of old ship lockSafety, noise, smokeSocial, acoustic & air environmentsEarth & stone engineeringWater & soil lossEcological environmentBridge engineeringNoise, waste water from construction, etc. Water & acoustic environmentsEarth & stone mixing & layingExhaust gas from constructionAir environmentTransportation of earth & stoneFugitive dust, exhaust gas and noiseAcoustic & air environmentsOperation periodTravel of shipsNoise and tail gasAcoustic & air environmentsService areaWaste water dischargeWater environmentWaterway transportLocal economy developmentSocial economyTraffic improvementLife quality change of peopleStructures like bridgesVision, landscape, etc. Landscape3.2.2 Screening of Assessment FactorsAccording to Table 3-2 “Recognition Table of Environmental Impact Factors of Engineering”, the screening of the main assessment contents and the assessment factors are shown in Table 3-3Table 3-3 Screening of Assessment Contents & Assessment FactorsEnvironmental elementAssessment contentsAssessment factorsSocial environmentImpacts to the life quality of residents, infrastructure/resource utilization, planning of traffic, flood protection, etc.Atmospheric environmentOdor in mud-dumping area in construction period, material transportation & dust in constructionTSPTail gas from ships during the operation periodSO2、NO2Ecological environmentWater & soil loss in construction period, and ecological environment aroundAgro-ecology, soil erosion, wild animals & plantsWater environmentSediment dredging, bridge construction, etc. in construction periodNH3-N, COD, SS, and petroleum pollutantSewage discharge of service area in operation periodAcoustic environment,Mechanical noise in construction periodLAeqTraffic noise in the operation period3.3 Analysis of Pollution Source3.3.1 Construction PeriodThe environment pollution in the construction period of the ship lock engineering has four main aspects of water, sound, gas and solid waste, the pollutant generation links of the construction period of the ship lock engineering are shown in Figure 3-1.Figure 3-1 Figure of Pollutant Generation Links in Construction Period of Ship Lock EngineeringA. Intensity analysis of pollution sources of water environmentThe pollution caused by the ship lock engineering includes mainly the domestic sewage discharged by the construction staff, SS content increase in the water caused in the excavation, residue water from drying and dewatering of the underwater earth after being conveyed to the mud-dumping area, oil pollution caused by the construction machines, etc. The main pollution factors are COD, NH3-N, SS and petroleum pollutant. (1) Intensity prediction of domestic pollution sourcesThe domestic pollution sources are calculated according to the following formula: Wi=ACiIn the formula: Wi – discharge amount of pollutant with the serial number of i (kg/year) A – man-day of construction site (man-day/year)By analogy & calculation according to the statistical information from ordinary local urban area, the amount of domestic water for each person for construction is 100 L/day, and the amount of sewage generated is calculated according to the coefficient of 0.8, with the COD concentration of 300 mg/L, and NH3-N concentration of 40 mg/L. The total time limit of the Extension Engineering of Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River is 24 months (600 working days), and the average number of people at work is around 200 during the construction period, and the engineering needs 120,000 man-days in total. In the peak period of the construction, people at work is around 300; according to the information above, the calculated amounts of domestic pollutants generated are shown in Table 3-4, during the construction period, the amount of domestic sewage generated is 9,600 m?, the amount of COD generated is 2.88 t, and the amount of NH3-N generated is 0.384 t. Table 3-4 Amount of Domestic Sewage Generated in Construction PeriodMan-dayAmount of domestic sewage generatedAmount of COD generatedAmount of NH3-N generated120,000 man-days9600m?2.88t0.384t200 men/d16m?/ d4.8kg/d0.64kg/d300 men/d24lm?/d7.2kg/d0.96kg/d(2) Intensity prediction of SS pollution sourcesIn the excavation of earth above/under water, drainage operation of foundation pit, drainage for water level reduction by drilling wells, and flushing the aggregate storage/construction machines or vehicles, large amounts of waste water containing SS will be generated, affecting the water environment around; the river may become turbid with the SS concentration rising; the concentration of SS generated during the construction is about 80 – 160 mg/L.The underwater foundation construction should be conducted in a dry season, and adopts the construction technology of cofferdam, after the construction and the water in the cofferdam standing still for several days, the waste slag from demolishing the earth rock cofferdam, as well as the stone slurry and sludge from the construction should be stacked in the spoil ground in a concentrated way, and pouring them into water is forbidden. The foundations of the bridges adopt cast-in-place piles or spread foundation by on-site construction or casting. The production waste water in the cofferdam and the slurry overflowing from the cast-in-place piles have a large amount of SS which should be deposited in a sedimentation tank, and the deposit shall be transported to the spoil ground for stacking in a concentrated way.B. Intensity analysis of pollution sources of atmospheric environmentThe main impacts to the atmospheric environment during construction mainly include: the site leveling, earth excavation& filling and loading/unloading of building materials generate fugitive dust in the construction site, causing the increase of suspended particulate concentration in the atmosphere around, and intensifying the local pollution; according to the on-site monitoring in similar construction sites, the dust concentration near the construction sites can be up to 1.5 – 30 mg/m?, and the fugitive dust on the road is relevant to the thickness of dust on the ground. The tail gas from gasoline/diesel engine of construction equipment (like vehicles and ships) is also an important exhaust gas pollution source, with the main pollutants of SO2, CO and NO2. The diesel engine of an ordinary ship can generate 1.66 kg/kWh of NO2and 2.31 g/kWh of SO2. For the gasoline/diesel engine of an ordinary vehicle, the pollutant discharge coefficients are shown in Table 3-5; generally, the amounts of pollutants discharged from a diesel engine vehicle, e.g. an 8 t lorry, is shown in Table 3-5. Table 3-5 Pollutant Discharge Status of VehicleTypePollutantAmount of pollutant discharged(g/L of gasoline)Amount of pollutant discharged(g/L of diesel)Discharge amount of 8 t diesel lorrySO20.2953.2481.51CO169.027.0679.25NO221.144.41116.99hydrocarbons33.34.44111.70C. Intensity analysis of pollution sources of acoustic environmentDuring the construction period, the noise from the vehicles and machines for the construction causes adverse impact to the acoustic environment around the engineering project. The main machines for the construction, including lorries, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, land levelers, concrete mixers, etc., have the noise level around 78 – 90 dB(A); however, in the sediment dredging & excavating site, the noise level of the ships, dredging & excavating equipment and mud slurry conveying equipment is generally around 80 – 100 dB(A). The construction site has some distance to the living areas on both banks, and the dykes and trees on both banks can isolate some noise; therefore, as long as the construction time is rationally arranged, the harm to the environment will not be too great, but the protection should be enhanced, preventing harm to residents around and the staff on site. D. Estimation of solid wasteThe solid waste during the extension engineering of the ship lock mainly includes the earth excavated during the engineering, and domestic waste from the construction staff. The total amount of earth excavated in the engineering is 760.6 thousand m? (including 24.8 thousand m? of waste slag from demolishing the old ship lock and the old management room, and 2.8 thousand m? of stripped topsoil), the total amount of earth filled is 257.5 thousand m?, including 114.4 thousand m? for filling the main building, and 141.3 thousand m? for filling navigation walls and berthing structures. After the reduction of the earth filled, the remaining amount of earth excavated is 504.9 thousand m?. One part of the remaining earth is used for filling the cofferdam, and the other part is discarded on the temporarily acquired land as spoil, and the spoil ground is initially determined to be the bottom land on the southwest side of the Yangqiao Flood Diversion Gate.The comprehensive utilization of the spoil and the waste slag can be combined with the current new rural construction, the waste slag from the oil ship lock can be used for the construction of rural motor road or the like, and the spoil can be used as the raw material of a plant for producing bricks and tiles. Before using the temporary spoil and waste slag, the protection measures against soil and water loss in the temporary earth stacking area according to the water & soil conservation scheme of the project. The Water Bureau of Linquan County approved the location of the waste earth disposal area for Fenquan River Yangqiao lock expansion project, and signed a lease agreement with Yangqiao Town government (see Appendix).On the basis of 1.0 kg of domestic waste generated by each person per day, the number of the construction staff and the time of construction, the total amount of the domestic waste generated during the construction period is 120 t by calculation.E. Social environment(1) Land acquisition The engineering occupies 16.91 hm2 of land, 6.91 hm2 of land is permanent and 10 hm2 is temporary. The types of occupied land include water, farmland, woodland & grassland, land for water conservancy facilities, etc. No permanent occupation is newly added, and temporary land newly added is 10hm2.(2) DemolitionThe engineering relates to demolition & resettlement, and needs to demolish 190 m2 of rural outbuildings, influencing 10 people in 4 households.(3) TrafficIn the construction of engineering, X017 road will be cut off, which will have an adverse effect on the travel of the locals.3.3.2 Investigation & Analysis of Current Status of Pollution Sources According to on-site investigation, the main pollutants of the Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River are discharged from the Ship Lock Management Office with 13 employees currently. 1. Water pollution sourcesAccording to the Quality Standard for Domestic Sewage of Residential Area, on the basis of 100 L of domestic sewage generated by each person per day in the ship lock, 300 mg/L of COD concentration, and 40 mg/L of NH3-N concentration, the management office generates 1.3 t sewage per day, and the amounts of COD and NH3-N generated are 0.39 kg/d and 0.052 kg/d respectively. 2. Atmospheric pollution sourcesSome persons of the staff of the Ship Lock Management Office have their meals in the canteen which uses mainly clean fuels like liquefied gas and electricity, so the amount of exhaust gas generated can be negligible. 3. Solid wasteThe solid waste from the Ship Lock Management Office is mainly the domestic waste generated by the ship lock management staff; on the basis of 1.0 kg of domestic waste generated by each person per day, 13 persons working in the ship lock generate 13 kg of domestic waste per day, which are sent to the department for city appearance and environmental sanitation for unified disposal. 3.3.3 Intensity Analysis of Pollution Sources of Ship Lock in Operation PeriodA. Intensity analysis of pollution sources of water environmentThe pollution during the operation period is caused mainly by the domestic waste from the staff of the ship lock and the operating ships, as well as the oil from the ships; the main pollution factors are COD, NH3-N and petroleum pollutants. 1. Intensity prediction of pollution sources from the staff of the ship lockThe project has a Ship Lock Management Office with 13 employees, According to the Quality Standard for Domestic Sewage of Residential Area, on the basis of 100 L of domestic sewage generated by each person per day in the ship lock, the COD concentration is 300 mg/L, and NH3-N concentration is 40 mg/L. After the treatment of a buried sewage treatment device, the sewage should meet the requirements of Grade II in Table 4 of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996); the discharge amount of sewage is 429 t/a, and the discharge amounts of COD and NH3-N are 64.4 kg/a and 10.7 kg/a respectively. The predicted results of the domestic pollutants generated and discharged by the staff of the ship lock are shown in Table 3-6. Table 3-6 Amount of Domestic Pollutants Generated from Ship Lock Management OfficePersons working in the ship lockAmount of sewage generated and discharged（t/a）Amount of COD generated and discharged（kg/a）Amount of NH3-N generated and discharged（kg/a）13429.0、429.0128.8、64.417.1、10.72. Intensity prediction of pollution sources from shipsa. Prediction of oil pollution amount of shipsIn order to improve the technical level of ships for inland water transport, improve the structure of such ships, keep the transport safety of the ships and prevent the water pollution caused by the ships, on October 11, 2001, the Ministry of Communications issued Standardized Administration Regulations on Ships for Inland Water Transport, which came into effect on December 1, 2001; the Regulations forbid the ship having an outboard motor with total length over 20 m to conduct inland transport. The National Essentials on Standardized Development of Ship Types for Inland Water issued by the Ministry of Communications on February 16, 2006 put forward the overall target for the standardization of ship types for inland water explicitly, and the ships having outboard motors will be gradually forbidden to travel on the inland river. The prohibition of the ships having outboard motors on the inland river can effectively reduce water pollution accidents (like water leakage) and the noise along the channel; the efficiency of the ship lock can be improved and the rate of safety accidents on water can be reduced; in general, the prohibition has good economic & social benefits. Administrative Regulations of People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution of Inland Waters Caused by Ships (Decree of Ministry of Transport (2005) No. 11) stipulates: “Ships discharging pollutants shall meet the relevant national and local standards and requirements about pollutant discharge. The pollutants from the ships, which do not meet the discharge standards and requirements, shall be disposed by entrusting qualified pollutant reception units, and shall not be discharged arbitrarily.” The “Decree No. 11” also stipulates: when a ship is discharging sewage for ballast or washing the ship’s hold, the sewage in the engine room, residue oil, oily sewage or other residue matters, the ship shall firstly report to the maritime administrative authorities according to relevant regulations and obtain approval. According to the requirements of port & shipping administrative authorities, a ship shall not discharge oily sewage in the bottom of the ship’s hold into the water when it is passing a ship lock. Therefore, the normal process for a ship passing the ship lock does not cause severe oil pollution in the water. b. Intensity prediction of domestic pollution sources of shipsThe Administrative Regulations of People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution of Inland Waters Caused by Ships stipulate: “Ships shall arrange treatment devices or storage containers adapted to the amount of domestic sewage generated according to regulations. No ship shall discharge domestic sewage into the inland water if the sewage does not meet the standards for discharge.” The time for a ship passing the ship lock is short (the ship lock opens 35 times per day, 36 min each. The total open time of the ship lock is 21 hours), so in the assessment, on the basis of the population equivalent of 20 and 100 L/d of sewage generated per person, the sewage generated should be 2.0 m?/d; if 50% of the sewage is discharged, the amount of the sewage discharged should be 1.0 m?/d. The discharge of domestic sewage from the ships follows the relevant requirements in Effluent Standard for Pollutants From Ship, and the discharge of micro amount of sewage according to the standard has limited impact to the water environment, and it will not assessed in the assessment. It is recommended that the port & shipping administrative authorities should enhance administration, forbidding the ships to discharge domestic sewage to the water when they are passing the ship lock normally. B. Intensity analysis of pollution sources of atmospheric environmentDuring the operation period, the exhaust gas pollutants are mainly the exhaust gas (containing SO2 and NO2) from the operation of the engines of the ships, and a little of exhaust gas (like oil fume) from the domestic facilities of the Ship Lock Management Office. The time for a ship waiting for ship lock opening is about 0.6 hour, and the engine does seldom run during the time; the exhaust gas is mainly generated when the ship is moving on the upstream & downstream approach channels (full length 965 m). The amount of the exhaust gas discharged from the ships is calculated in the method recommended by the Lloyd's Register of Shipping; in 2010, the discharge amount of atmospheric pollutant NO2 discharged from ships passing the ship lock was 0.21 kg/d (69.3kg/a), and for SO2, the amount was 0.29kg/d (95.7kg/a). With the science development and the promotion of advanced technology, and the improvement of standard requirements for the exhaust gas discharge, the ships for inland water will be more environment-friendly and energy-saving in the future, and the atmospheric pollutants discharged will be less. The ship lock has only a few of staff members, adopts clean fuels like liquefied gas, and has no facility like a boiler; therefore, the amount of exhaust gas generated can be negligible.C. Intensity analysis of pollution sources of acoustic environmentThe noise sources of a ship entering or leaving the ship lock are mainly engine noise (including the noise from discharging exhaust gas) and horn. In the operation, the noise in 5 m range from the sound source can achieve 80 – 90 dB(A); such devices producing noise are continuous steady-state linear noise sources which cause adverse influences to the residents on the banks, and it is predicted that the noise in 20 m range (at day) or 50 m range (at night) from the channel can meet the Class 2 standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB3096-2008); Wanggao Village, the only sensitive point of the project, is over 50 m away from the channel. With the science development and the promotion of advanced technology, the ships for inland water will be more environment-friendly and energy-saving in the future, and particularly, with the gradual elimination of ships having outboard motors, the noise along the channel will be greatly reduced. D. Estimation of solid wasteThe solid waste generated during the operation period includes mainly the domestic waste generated by the ship lock management staff and the staff on ships; on the basis of 1.0 kg of domestic waste generated by each person per day, 13 persons working in the ship lock generate 4,290 kg/a of domestic waste, which are sent to the department for city appearance and environmental sanitation for unified disposal. For the domestic waste generated by the staff on ships, the Administrative Regulations of People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution of Inland Waters Caused by Ships stipulates explicitly: “No waste from a ship shall be discharged to inland water. The waste from a ship must be received and disposed by a qualified unit.” Therefore, such domestic waste will not be calculated in the assessment. The ships shall be equipped with waste containers with caps, and without leakage or overflow; also, the waste can be collected into bags, and the generated waste is sorted, collected and stored to meet the requirements of the ships for storing waste during the travel. No non-degradable disposable foam plastic tableware shall be used. The domestic waste from sailors shall be placed in the dustbins on the ship, and be disposed by entrusting a waste disposal agency in a city along the channel after the ship reaches the destination. E. Summary of pollutants of ship lock engineeringThe summary of pollutant change in the operation period of the project, i.e. the extension engineering of the ship lock, is shown in Table 3-7.Table 3-7 Summary Table of Pollutant Change of Extension Engineering Project of Ship Lock (Operation Period) ItemBefore extensionNew ones driving old onesAfter extensionIncrease or reductionSewage amountt/a42904290CODKg/a128.864.464.4-64.4NH3-NKg/a17.16.410.7-6.4Domestic wastet/a4.2904.290The pollution source status details during the construction period and the operation period are shown in Table 3-8. Table 3-8 List of Pollution Source Status during Construction & Operation Periods of ProjectPollution sourceConstruction periodOperation periodWater pollution sourceThe pollution sources include mainly the domestic sewage discharged by the construction staff, SS content increase in the water caused in the excavation, residue water from drying and dewatering of the underwater earth after being conveyed to the mud-dumping area, oil pollution caused by the construction machines, etc. The main pollution factors are COD, NH3-N, SS and petroleum pollutant; in the excavation of earth above/under water, drainage operation of foundation pit, drainage for water level reduction by drilling wells, and flushing the aggregate storage/construction machines or vehicles, large amounts of waste water containing SS will be generated, affecting the water environment around; the river may become turbid with the SS concentration rising; the concentration of SS generated during the construction is about 80 – 160 mg/L.The sewage water mainly includes the sewage from land and the domestic sewage from ships, the domestic sewage amount in the service area is about 429 t/a, with the main components of COD (concentration 300 mg/l), ammonia nitrogen (concentration 40 mg/l), etc.; for the domestic sewage from the sailors during the travel of a ship, local maritime authorities are required to enhance administration, if so, the discharge according to the standards can be generally achieved, and the pollution of Fenquan River caused by the domestic sewage from sailors can be prevented; in addition, it is possible that problems like oily ballast sewage occur during operation, so it is recommended that the local maritime authorities shall enhance administration; once there is the sewage for ballast or washing the ship’s hold, or oily sewage on the bottom of the ship’s hold, the authorities shall require the ship owners and cargo owners to treat the sewage in a normative way, and discharge the sewage according to the standards.Atmospheric pollution sourceThe exhaust gas is mainly from the smoke discharged from the vehicles and machines for construction due to fuel combustion, odor from the contaminated sediment from the site and the sediment dumping area, windblown dust of lime and cement on the construction site, and fume from the stoves for the livelihood of the employees.The exhaust gas pollutants are mainly the exhaust gas (containing SO2 and NO2) from the operation of the engines of the ships. The time for a ship waiting for ship lock opening is 0.6 hour, and the engine does seldom run during the time; the exhaust gas is mainly generated when the ship is moving on the upstream & downstream approach channels (full length 965 m). The amount of the exhaust gas discharged from the ships is calculated in the method recommended by the Lloyd's Register of Shipping; in 2010, the discharge amount of atmospheric pollutant NO2 discharged from ships passing the ship lock was 0.21 kg/d (69.3kg/a), and for SO2, the amount was 0.29kg/d (95.7kg/a). The ships for inland water will be more environment-friendly and energy-saving in the future, and the atmospheric pollutants discharged will be less.Noise pollution sourceThe noise pollution sources are inevitable during the construction of the engineering, including the vehicles and machines for construction, like lorries, bulldozers, excavators, loaders, concrete mixers, etc., and their noise level is around 78 – 90 dB(A). However, in the sediment dredging & excavating site, the noise level of the ships, dredging & excavating equipment and mud slurry conveying equipment is generally around 80 – 100 dB(A).The noise sources of a ship entering or leaving the ship lock are mainly engine noise (including the noise from discharging exhaust gas) and horn. In the operation, the noise in 5 m range from the sound source can achieve 80 – 90 dB (A); such devices producing noise are continuous steady-state linear noise sources which cause adverse influences to the residents on the banks. With the science development and the promotion of advanced technology, the ships for inland water will be more environment-friendly and energy-saving in the future, and the noise emitted will be greatly reduced.Solid wasteThe solid waste comes mainly from the waste from the construction ships, the domestic waste from the construction staff and construction waste, which are all general solid waste. The solid waste generated during the operation period includes mainly the domestic waste generated by the ship lock management staff and the staff on ships; on the basis of 1.0 kg of domestic waste generated by each person per day, 13 persons working in the ship lock generate 4290 kg/a of domestic waste, which are sent to the department for city appearance and environmental sanitation for unified disposal. The domestic waste from sailors shall be placed in the dustbins on the ship, and be disposed by entrusting a waste disposal agency in a city along the channel after the ship reaches the destination.4. Regional Environment Overview4.1 Natural Environment Overview4.1.1 Geographical Location142875329755500As the largest interprovincial tributary of Shaying River, Fenquan River has its source near Shaoling Hill of Yancheng County, Henan Province; the river flows through Henan Province and Anhui Province, and into Shaying River in Sanli Bend of Fuyang City. The Fenquan River Basin lies in the south of Shaying River and the north of Hongru River, the terrain in the river basin is flat, higher in northwest and lower in southeast; the elevation of the river source is about 58 m, and the elevation of the place near the river mouth is 29 m. Due to the influence of Yellow River inundation, the downstream segment from Juehe Bend to the river mouth has the elevation like inverse slope. The Quan River has many tributaries, including 8 with basin area over 100 km2: Ni River, Cao River, Jiegou River, Qinglong River, Xinku River, Liuan River, Xian River and Jiulonggou River. 303530173990汾00汾30480017335500907415102235河00河5886451905泉00泉Figure 4-1 Map for Geographical Location of Fenquan RiverThe current status of Yangqiao Ship Lock and Yangqiao Check Gate is shown in Figure 4-2 Figure 4-2 Figure of Current Status of Ship Lock & Check Gate4.1.2 LandformThe area for the project is located in the southwest part of the Huaibei Alluvial Plain, with the ground elevation 33.0 – 38.0 m; the terrain is generally flat, and slightly inclined from northwest to southeast. The regional landform unit belongs to the Huaibei Alluvial Plain, and the landform types include inter-channel flat land and flood plain; the interchannel flat land is the main landform unit of Linquan County and is distributed in the wide inter-channel region, the flat and broad land is composed of blue and yellow loam stacked on the river basin since Epipleistocene of Quaternary; the flood plain is distributed in both sides of Hong River and Quan River, lower than the inter-channel flat land for 2 – 5 m, and has the width around 1 km; the ground of the flood plain is flat and slightly inclined to the riverbed, and composed of brownish red loam & sandy loam stacked due to the Yellow River inundation in Epipleistocene of Quaternary, as well as brownish yellow – light yellow sandy loam & silt. Influenced by the inundation of Huai River in modern times, calcareous alluvial soil is distributed on both banks of Fenquan River. The native landform of the project is shown in Figure 4-3. Lock Chamber of Old Ship Lock Upstream Approach ChannelDownstream Approach Channel Side Slope of Approach ChannelFigure 4-3 Figure of Landform of Area for the Extension Engineering Project of Yangqiao Ship Lock4.1.3 Engineering GeologyThe stratum of the area belongs to North China Stratum Area – Huai River Stratum Sub-area, the upper part of the stratum is covered by the loose illuvial layer of Quaternary, the cover layer with the thickness over 30 m is a Q3 alluvial deposit layer of Epipleistocene of Quaternary, and the lower part is Archaeozoic metamorphic series. According to Seismic Ground Motion Parameter Zonation Map of China (GB18306-2001), the peak acceleration of seismic oscillation of the area is 0.05 g, corresponding to seismic basic intensity of VI.According to the stipulations in Code for Seismic Design of Buildings (GB 50011-2010), and judging from the nature of site soil, the soil is soft, and the site type is Class III; the head & tail bays and the lock chamber foundation are built on loam Q3, the layer of soil is plastic, belonging to foundation with medium strength, and can serve as the natural foundation of the engineering. 4.1.4 Vegetation on SoilThe soil in the project area is mainly composed of caliche black soil, and secondly caliche soil and mud soil; such composition is suitable for the growth of crops. The engineering area lies in the transitional climatic zone between the subtropics and the warm temperate zone, the zonal vegetation is broad-leaved deciduous forest, and the area has abundant vegetation resource; the forest vegetation includes mainly artificially cultivated broad-leaved deciduous timber forest, such as poplar trees, locust trees, Chinese parasol trees, etc., as well as economic forests and trees for greening beside villages/roads/water/residences. The herbaceous plants include mainly thorns, Bermuda grass, Cirsium setosum, long straw, Equisetum ramosissimum, etc. Reeds are distributed in bottom lands. The cultivated crops include wheat, soybean, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, cotton, etc. 4.1.5 Meteorology and ClimateThe project area is in the Yangqiao Town of Linquan County, lying in the transitional climatic zone between the subtropics and the warm temperate zone, and belongs to semi humid monsoon climate zone of the warm temperate zone. The area has obvious monsoon, adequate sunshine, moderate rainfall, long frost-free period, short cold period, four distinctive seasons and good light-heat-water combination conditions. The average temperature for years is 14.9℃, the highest temperature is 41.4℃, and the lowest is -20.4℃. The average frost-free period for many years is around 220 days. The annual average wind speed is 2.8 m/s, and the highest wind speed in many years is 20 m/s; the prevailing wind direction is northeast. The annual foggy days are 15.6 days, maximum 29 days and minimum 8 days. The average rainfall is 895.0 mm; under the influence of monsoon, the annual rainfall is mainly concentrated in the period from June to September, and the rainfall in the period takes over 60% of the annual rainfall; the average annual rainfall days for many years is 100.8 days; for the spatial distribution regularity, the rainfall is reducing from southeast to north; for time distribution, the rainfall is unevenly distributed in a year, the rainfall in a flood season often takes 60% of the total rainfall in a year, and the runoff in a flood season often takes 70% - 80% of the total runoff in a year. The rainfall has great inter-annual variation, the rainfall in a year with high precipitation is over four times as that in a year with low precipitation, and continuous years with drought or flood often occur. Like the distribution of rainfall, the annual runoff distribution is extremely not uniform either, which is mainly concentrated in the period from July to September. 4.2 Ecological Environment Quality4.2.1 Current Status of Terrestrial Ecological Environment1. SoilThe soil in the project area is mainly composed of caliche black soil, and secondly caliche soil and mud soil; such composition is suitable for the growth of crops. The engineering area lies in the transitional climatic zone between the subtropics and the warm temperate zone, the zonal vegetation is broad-leaved deciduous forest, and the area has abundant vegetation resource; the forest vegetation includes mainly artificially cultivated broad-leaved deciduous timber forest, such as poplar trees, locust trees, Chinese parasol trees, etc., as well as economic forests and trees for greening beside villages/roads/water/residences. The herbaceous plants include mainly thorns, Bermuda grass, Cirsium setosum, long straw, Equisetum ramosissimum, etc. Reeds are distributed in bottom lands. The cultivated crops include wheat, soybean, corn, sorghum, sweet potatoes, cotton, etc.2. VegetationThe trees in the assessed area are mainly broad-leaved trees, and the project area has a variety of trees for greening, including mainly the broad-leaved trees like locust trees, Chinese toons, Ulmus pumila, mulberry, Italian poplar trees, willows, Chinese parasol trees, oriental plane trees, etc., and needle-leaved trees like slash pines, cedars, oriental arborvitae, etc.; the fruit trees include plum trees, peach trees, apricot trees, cherry trees, persimmon trees, etc.; phytocoenosiums like reeds and weeds are distributed in low and wet bottom lands along the banks of the river, and the remaining natural trees, bushes and herbaceous plants are mainly the ones belonging to the plantage of North China. No damage of the crops and trees in the assessed area was found, the plants grow well, and the biomass is normal. In the aspect of plant growth, the current status of the ecological environment quality of the assessed area is good. Most of the project area is upland crop area, a farmland ecosystem formed by early ploughing and ripening of human, so most wild plants grow in a scattered way, and are distributed in fields, forest network, roadsides, places beside ditches and beach lands. In the investigation, no national and provincial protected wild plant was found, and the wild plants in the assessed area include terrestrial herbaceous plants, terrestrial ligneous plants and aquatic herbaceous plants. 3. Wild animalsThe project is located in Huaibei Plain, and the vegetation in the area includes mainly crops (wheat, soybean, corn, etc.) and artificial vegetation (like trees beside villages/roads/water/residences). In such an ecological area with simple composition and simple structure, the varieties of animals are few. According to in-site investigation and the analysis of existing information, no national or provincial protected and endangered wild animal was found in the area for assessment. According to the information from investigation, in the flora composition of the wild animal in the area, the found amphibians belongs to 2 species in 2 genera, 2 families, 2 orders, the found reptiles belong to 1 species in 1 genus, 1 family, 1 order, for birds, 11 species in 11 genera, 9 families, 5 orders, and for mammals, 8 species in 8 genera, 5 families, 4 orders. Most of the birds are summer birds as the basic bird population in the area. For mammals, the rodents take advantage, and the dominant populations include large amounts of sewer rats, Mus musculus and grass hares. Apodemus agrarius likes living in secluded bottom lands and water with sufficient food, which is hardly seen in the dry farming area. As the natural enemy of mice, there are a large number of yellow weasels in the area, and they are significant for maintaining ecological balance, and developing crop production, forestry and animal husbandry. In addition, toads and frogs also exist in the area. In summary, the varieties and amounts of the wild animals are small, and the dominant populations include birds and rodents. 4.2.2 Current Status of Aquatic EnvironmentThe dominant populations of phytoplankton in the channel of Quan River include blue-green algae and diatom; aquatic plants include silver grass, reeds, lotus, cattails, water chestnuts and algae, and aquatic vascular plant species also includes Potamogeton wrightii, Vallisneria natans, etc. The main planktonic animal is Rotifera, a kind of protozoa, and the other dominant populations are amoebas, askencsia, Difflugia globulosa, Trinema enchelys, etc. In rivers and ditches, the benthonic animals are mainly corbiculae and snails, and large amounts of tubificidae and chironomidae larvae are reproduced. There are tens of kinds of fishery resources, including mainly carps, silver carps, cruises, mandarin fishes, grass carps, catfishes, prawns, crabs, etc., and the main fishes for trade are cyprinid fishes. No fish spawning ground was found in the on-site investigation. According to the research of information and the visit to authorities, the concentrated fish spawning grounds designated by the fishery authority of Fuyang City are distributed in Bali River in Yingshang County, Meng River in Fu'nan County and Ci River in Taihe County. No fish spawning ground exists in Fenquan River.According to on-site investigation and in combination with historical documents, there is no national key protected wild fish in Fenquan River. 4.2.3 Summary (1) The project area lies in plain and has long history of farming; the area has a typical agricultural ecological system. (2) According to on-site investigation, Fenquan River has been artificially modified, improved and constructed in the history, large amount of human activities has been introduced, and most of the ecological environment along the channel is artificial ecology; the main vegetation habitat types include farmlands, artificial forests, grasslands, abandoned lands and bush vegetation. (3) According to the investigation, the varieties and amounts of the wild animals around the project area are small, and the dominant populations include birds and rodents. No national or provincial protected and endangered wild animal was found in the area for assessment. (4) According to the investigation, the dominant populations of phytoplankton in Fenquan River include blue-green algae and diatom; the main planktonic animal in the river is Rotifera which is widely distributed; the dominant species of benthonic animals include mollusks and annelida; the fish resources are mainly cyprinid fishes for trade. (5) According to the investigation, there is no national key protected wild fish in the project area, and there is no concentrated fish spawning ground designated by the fishery authority in Fenquan River.4.3 Social Environment Overview4.3.1 Administrative DivisionLinquanCounty is located in the Northwest of Anhui Province, it borders on FuyangCity, JieshouCity and Fu’nan County in the east, northeast and southeast, and in the directions of west, northwest and southwest, it borders on the counties and cities of HenanProvince, including Shenqiu, Xiangcheng, Pingyu, Xincai, Huaibin, etc. The county governs 21 towns, 10 villages and one industrial park; with the total area of 1,818 km2 and total population of 2.31 million, it is the county with the largest population in China’s Mainland. 4.3.2 Social & Economic DevelopmentIn 2012, the county achieved the total output value of RMB 11.6 billion, increased by 13%, the fiscal revenue of RMB 0.78 billion, increased by 22%, the fixed asset investment (with certain scale) of RMB 4.7 billion, increased by 30%, and the total customer goods retail sales of RMB 5.8 billion, increased by 21%; in financing institutions, the deposit balance is RMB 21.81 billion, increased by RMB 3.46 billion compared with the beginning of the year, the loan balance is RMB 6.11 billion, increased by RMB 0.48 billion compared with the beginning of the year. The county has the total industrial output value (above certain scale) of RMB 8.5 billion, increased by 31.5%, the industrial added value of RMB 1.8 billion, increased by 23.3%, and the industry sales value of RMB 8.9 billion, increased by 36.8%; the sales-output ratio achieved 104.7%, and the comprehensive industrial benefit index was 261%. The backbone enterprises have further development; there are 21 new enterprises with certain scale, and 80 enterprises above certain scale in the County. Taking the opportunity of strategic cooperation, Zhongneng Chemical of Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group and Wenwang Company expanded their production scales comprehensively, and made new historical records of output value and profit tax. The construction of the industrial park of the county was accelerated, 8 standard factories, 3 employee apartments and one comprehensive building were completed and come into use; the first-stage, second-stage and third-stage projects of Xinquan Garden had 454 households of people resettled, and the main bodies of the first and second tender section projects of Daiqiao Resettlement Area were completed. In the industrial park of the county, 14 projects were started in 2012, 24 were in construction, 14 new enterprises began their production, and there were 82 enterprises in production. The infrastructure and supporting facilities of Tongcheng Leather Industrial Park, the Dehydrated Vegetable Industrial Park and the Quanbe Food Industrial Park were gradually being perfected.There is no railway in Linquan County, and the main traffic routes of the county include the Provincial Road 102 through the county in east-west direction, and the Provincial Road 204 through the county in north-south direction.The main service object of the project is Anhui Jinmei Zhongneng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Anhui Jinmei Zhongneng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (former Linquan Chemical Co., Ltd, Anhui) originates from Linquan Chemical Fertilizer Plant founded in 1970, the enterprise had shareholding reform in 1994, and was reconstructed as a private enterprise; in the beginning of 2007, the company began its cooperation with the Jincheng Anthracite Mining Group of Shanxi by joint venture, and currently, the company is a comprehensive coal chemical enterprise integrating chemical fertilizer, chemical industry and combined heat & power generation; the company ranks Top 50 in Chinese nitrogen fertilizer enterprises, Top 500 in Chinese chemical enterprises and Top 100 in Anhui enterprises. Currently, the company occupies 1,500 mu of land, has total asset of RMB 2.8 billion, over 2,000 employees, the annual operation revenue of RMB 2.5 billion, and the profit tax of RMB 0.2 billion. The annual production capacity of units includes one million tons of alkamine, one million tons of urea, 0.3 million tons of methyl alcohol, 0.18 million tons of hydrogen peroxide, 0.1 million tons of compound fertilizer and 0.1 million tons of ammonium bicarbonate. The registered trademark “Quanhe” of the company is honored as the famous trademark of Anhui Province; the leading product of the company, “Quanhe” urea, is a famous-brand product of Anhui province, which is sold well throughout China and foreign countries including Vietnam, Malaysia and Australia. Since the increase of capital and shares, the strength of Anhui Jinmei Zhongneng Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (former Linquan Chemical Co., Ltd, Anhui) is improved continuously, it needs to import a large amount of coal every year, and meanwhile, export large amounts of chemical fertilizer and other chemical products. Since Linquan has no railway, under the limitation of Yangqiao Ship Lock, the imported coal from Shanxi can only be unloaded from train in Jieshou, and transported to the company by trucks on Provincial Road 204; the exported goods can only be transported to the position under the Yangqiao Ship Lock through Provincial Road 102, and transported to Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai through Shaying River and New Cihuai River. Therefore, Provincial Roads 204 and 102 have excessive road transportation pressure, the long-term overload of the roads causes poor road condition. In addition, due to the travel of the vehicles, and the inevitable sprinkling of goods, residents on roadsides suffer from the environmental impact like noise and dust, and the transportation cost is increased. In recent years, Linquan County enhanced the invitation of investment, a large amount of enterprises invest in Linquan, the transportation cost needs to be reduced by water transport. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the engineering project.4.3.3 Current Status of Cultural HeritageThe term "cultural heritage" of UN includes the positions having archaeological (prehistoric), paleontological, historical, religious and unique natural value. Therefore, according to the Business Manual of World Bank, the cultural heritages not only include the heritages of ancestors (e.g. ruins, shrines and battlefields), but also unique natural landscapes, including valleys and waterfalls.According to the investigation, Linquan County has one provincial key cultural relic, and 11 county (city/district) key cultural relics; there is no key cultural relic or cultural heritage was found in the area influenced by the engineering of the project. 5. Investigation & Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality5.1 Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality of AirIn the assessment, the Environmental Monitor Station of Fuyang City was entrusted to monitor the current status of the atmospheric environment of the project area for assessment during May 13 – May 19, 2009. 5.1.1 Point Layout for Monitoring According to the preliminary analysis results of the pollution sources of the engineering and the conditions on the site, one sampling point was arranged on the west bank of the ship lock crossing the Fenquan River; the main atmospheric pollution factors include SO2, NO2, TSP and PM10.5.1.2 Period & Frequency of MonitoringThe atmospheric environmental quality was monitored for 7 successive days; SO2 and NO2 were sampled for 4 times per day, and the hourly average value of each item was sampled for no less than 45 minutes; TSP and PM10 were sampled in a continuous way, no less than 12 hours per day. 5.1.3 Analysis Methods & BasisThe methods for monitoring & analyzing the current status of air environment are in accordance with Monitoring & Analysis Methods of Environment, and the details are shown in Table 5-1. Table 5-1 Analysis Methods & BasisSerial numberItem nameAnalysis methodBasis of method1SO2Formaldehyde absorbing-pararosani line spectrophotometryGB/T15262-942TSPGravimetric methodGB15432-953NO2Saltzman MethodGB/T15435-954PM10Gravimetric methodGB6921-865.1.4 Results of MonitoringThe results of the current status monitoring of ambient air are shown in Table 5-2. Table 5-2 List of Monitoring Results of Daily Average Value (unit: mg/m?)Sampling placeSampling timeS02NO2TSPPM10West bank of Ship Lock of Fenquan River2009.5.130.0250.0190.2200.1252009.5.140.0250.0220.1770.1082009.5.150.0250.0210.1590.0862009.5.160.0240.0200.1980.1212009.5.170.0250.0210.1880.1102009.5.180.0250.0210.1820.0962009.5.190.0250.0210.1790.0885.1.5 Statistical Analysis of Monitoring ResultsData statistics was conducted to the current status monitoring data (including the data of NO2, SO2, TSP and PM10) of the ambient air in seven days in the mathematical statistical method, and the detailed statistical results are shown in Table 5-3. According to the table, no monitoring data exceeds standards in each monitoring point. Table 5-3 Result Statistics Table of Ambient Air Monitoring (unit: mg/m?)Monitoring pointMonitoring itemDaily average value from monitoringConcentration range(mg/m?)Standard valueAmount exceeding standardStandard exceeding rateMaximum times exceeding standardWest bank of Ship Lock of Fenquan RiverSO20.024~0.0250.15000NO20.019~0.0220.12000TSP0.159~0.2200.30000PM100.086~0.1250.150005.1.6 Current Status Assessment1. Assessment standardAccording to the confirmation letter of Environmental Protection Bureau of Fuyang City about the environmental impact assessment of the project, the assessment standard for NO2, SO2, PM10 and TSP executes the Grade 2 Standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996). 2. Assessment methodThe assessment adopts single-factor standard index method. Ii=Ci/CsiIn the formula: Ii – Sub-index of pollutant of Type i;Ci – measured value of pollutant of Type i, mg/m?; Csi – standard value of pollutant of Type i, mg/m?;If I≥1, the pollutant amount exceeds the standard; if not, the pollutant amount does not exceed the standard3. Assessment resultsThe assessment results of the current status of the quality of ambient air are shown in table 5-4Table 5-4 Single-factor Pollution Index Table of Ambient Air QualityMonitoring pointMonitoring itemDaily average value from monitoringConcentration range(mg/m?)Assessment indexAmount exceeding standardStandard exceeding rateWest bank of Ship Lock of Fenquan RiverSO20.024~0.0250.16~0.1700NO20.019~0.0220.16~0.1800TSP0.159~0.2200.53~0.7300PM100.086~0.1250.57~0.8300According to the calculation results from Table 5-4, the pollution indexes of NO2, SO2, PM10 and TSP in the area of the project for assessment are all less than 1, which means that the ambient air quality meets the requirements of Grade 2 Standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996), the ambient air quality of the area is good. 5.2 Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality of Surface Water5.2.1 Monitoring of Current Status of Environmental Quality of Surface Water1. Arrangement of monitored sectionIn the monitoring of the surface water, we selected the river sections on both ends of the upstream & downstream approach channels of the Ship Lock of Fenquan River, and monitoring points on the stream central line were selected. The monitoring point layout is shown in Table 5-5, and the specific positions for point layout on sections are shown in the Monitoring Point Layout Figure.Table 5-5 Current Status Monitored sections of Surface WaterSerial numberRiver namePoint positionSection FunctionRemarks1Fenquan River1,000 m before the beginning of upstream approach channel of the proposed ship lockCheck sectionHydrologic parameters of sections are monitored synchronically, including water depth, water width, flow speed, etc.21,000 m after the end of downstream approach channel of the proposed ship lockControl section33,000 m in the downstream of the proposed ship lockCheck section2. Monitoring time & frequencyFrom May 13, 2009 to May 14, 2009, Environmental Monitor Station of Fuyang City monitored the sections with points laid out for two successive days, and the water was sampled and analyzed once per day. 3. Monitoring itemsAccording to the current status of surface water quality in the assessment range, the monitoring items of the current status of water quality are determined to be 9 items including pH, DO, BOD5, total nitrogen, faecal coli bacillus, SS, and petroleum pollutants. 4. Technical methods for sampling, monitoring & analysis The sampling work is conducted according to the relevant provisions in Technical Specifications Requirements for Monitoring of Surface Water and Waste Water (HJ/T 91-2002) and Water Quality Sampling - Technical Regulation of the Preservation and Handling of Samples (GB12999-91). Water quality analysis is conducted in the standard analysis method stipulated in?Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002).5. Monitoring results of current status of water quality The statistics of the average monitoring result values of the current status of water quality of the EIA during June 13 – June 14 are shown in Table 5-6. In the monitoring, the Fenquan River has the surface width of 70 – 100 m, the water depth of 3 – 5 m, and the flow rate of 2.96 m?/s.Table 5-6 Statistical Table of Monitoring Results of Surface Water Unit: mg/L, and pH has no dimensionItem1,000 m in upstream of ship lock1,000 m in downstream of ship lock3,000 m in downstream of ship lockMonitoring period Jun. 13Jun. 14Average valueJun. 13Jun. 14Average valueJun. 13Jun. 14Average valuepH7.497.707.597.7227.677.897.827.717.77COD373335312327202221Dissolved oxygen5.575.555.565.725.415.575.625.515.56Coli bacillus490460475130022001750110017001400Petroleum pollutants0.020.090.050.030.050.040.030.010.02BOD5798544.5333SS524850494245.5333433.5Total nitrogen4.986.095.544.013.943.983.164.263.71Total phosphorus0.6570.2080.4320.4710.2540.3620.6620.2780.475.2.2 Assessment of Current Status of Environmental Quality of Surface Water1. Assessment standardAccording to the function zoning of water environment of Anhui Province and the confirmation letter of Fuyang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau for the standards, for the surface water quality of Fenquan River, the Class IV water quality standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB3838-2002) is executed [for SS, the standard limiting values for aerobic soil crops in Standards for Irrigation Water Quality (GB 5084-2005) are executed], and the standard values are showed in Table 1-3 of the Statement.2. Assessment methodThe confirmed functional water quality standards are compared with the actually assessed concentration of the factors in the water assessed, and single pollution index method is used for calculation so as to analyze the environmental quality and the pollution degree of the water, indicating that whether the water meets the determined functional requirements for water quality.According to the stipulations of Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.3-1993), if the standard index of a water quality parameter < 1, the water quality parameter does not exceed the stipulated water quality standard, and the water quality can meet the functional requirements for use in monitoring; if the standard index of a water quality parameter > 1, the water quality parameter exceeds the stipulated water quality standard, and the functional requirements for use cannot be met in monitoring. 3. Assessment indexesIn combination with the status of surface water environment monitoring, the assessment selected 8 of 9 monitoring factors except DO as assessment indexes (the DO values in all sections can meet the requirements of the standard). 4. Assessment resultsThe assessment results of the environmental quality of surface water (single factor index Si) are shown in Table 5-7Table 5-7 Statistical Table of Current Status Assessment Results of Water QualitySurface waterMonitored sectionpHCODFaecal colibacillusBOD5Total nitrogenTotal phosphorusSSPetroleum pollutantsFenquan River1#: 1,000 m before the beginning of upstream approach channel of the proposed ship lock0.291.170.0241.333.691.440.500.102#: 1,000 m after the end of downstream approach channel of the proposed ship lock0.450.90.0870.752.651.210.450.083#: 3,000 m after the end of downstream approach channel of the proposed ship lock0.390.70.070.502.471.570.340.044. Assessment resultsAccording to current status monitoring, the assessment results of the current status of the surface water are as follows: In all sections, the monitoring factors of pH, DO, petroleum pollutants and faecal coli bacillus can all meet the requirements of Class IV water quality standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB3838-2002); SS can meet the requirements of standard limiting values for aerobic soil crops in Standards for Irrigation Water Quality (GB 5084-2005); however, in all of the three sections, both monitoring factors of total nitrogen and total phosphorus exceed the standard, the total nitrogen exceeds the standard for 2.69 times to the maximum extent, and total phosphorus exceeds the standard for 0.57 times to the maximum extent; the monitoring factors of COD and BOD5 slightly exceed the standard slightly in 1# Monitored Section, and according to investigation & analysis, such standard exceeding is mainly caused by the domestic sewage discharged into Fenquan River from the urban residents along the river.The monitoring results show that the current status of the values of Fenquan River cannot meet the requirements of Class IV water quality standard of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water (GB3838-2002).5.3 Monitoring & Assessment of Current Status of Acoustic Environment5.3.1 Current Status Monitoring1. 3 noise monitoring points and 1 traffic noise monitoring point are arranged in total, the monitoring lasts for one whole day, and measurement is conducted once in day and once in night. 2. Method of measurementThe measurement is conducted in day (06:00 – 22:00) and night (22:00 – 06:00), and in each period, measurement is conducted once for each monitoring point. The measurement method is in accordance with the stipulations in Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB 3096-2008). The instrument for measuring is a sound level meter with the precision of Class II or higher, whose performance shall meet the provisions in Electroacoustic - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications (GB/T 3785.1-2010) &Electroacoustic - Sound level meters - Part 2: Pattern Evaluation Tests (GB/T 3785.2-2010). Before and after the measurement, the sound level meter shall be calibrated, and a fan cover shall be added to the microphone during measurement. 3. Monitoring resultsOn May 13, 2009, the Environmental Monitor Station of Fuyang City conducted on-site monitoring to the noise monitoring points, and the measurement is conducted under the conditions of no rain and wind scale less than 4. The monitoring results are shown in Table 5-8.Table 5-8 Table for Current Status Monitoring Results of Ambient Noise Unit: dB (A)Serial numberTest point2009.5.13Class 2 & Class 4 of executive standardDayNightDayNight1Wanggao Village50.144.76050230 m from the upstream approach channel of the ship lock60.345.8330 m from the right bank of downstream approach channel of the ship lock 59.846.74Crossing point of X017 and Yangqiao Ship Lock64.151.370555.3.2 Current Status AssessmentAccording to the current status monitoring results of noise in Table 5-8, on May 13, the current status of the noise in 1#, 2# and 4# monitoring points can meet the requirements of Class 2 and Class 4a of Environmental Quality Standards for Noise (GB 3096-2008); however, the noise from 2# monitoring point exceeded the standard slightly for 0.3 dB (A) at day, because of the noise from tractors travelling on the road X107.5.4 Assessment of Environmental Quality of Sediment5.4.1 Current Status Monitoring1. Point layout for monitoringAccording to the characteristics of the project, in the assessment, a sediment sampling & monitoring point is selected near the Yangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River. The method for sampling is conducted according to relevant technical specification about environment monitoring. 2. Monitoring resultsOn May 13, 2009, Environmental Monitor Station of Fuyang City inspected the sediment sampled. The monitoring includes 10 specific items of pH, Zn, Pb, Ni, Hg, As, Cu, Cr, TP and TN, and the detailed monitoring results are shown in Table 5-9.Table 5-9 Current Status Monitoring Results of Channel Sediment of Fenquan River Unit: mg/kg, and pH has no dimensionPositionpHAsHgPbCuZnCrNiTPTNYangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River7.684.90.2615.825.839.822.2118.265.36463. Assessment standardAccording to the confirmation letter of Fuyang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau for the standards, Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludges from Agricultural Use (GB4284-84) is adopted as the assessment standard of the sediment, and the detailed index values are shown in Table 5-10.Table 5-10 Stated Values for Sediment AssessmentItempHAsHgPbCuZnCrNiTPTNGB4284-84≥6.57515100050010001000200————In order to guarantee agricultural production and keep people healthy, the limiting value of soil pollution adopts the standard values in Grade II Standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618－1995), and the details are shown in Table 5-11. Table 5-11 Standard Values in Grade II Standard of Environmental Quality Standard for Soils (GB15618－1995) Unit: mg/kgItempHAsHgPbCuZnCrCdGB15618-19956.5~7.5250.53001002503000.65.4.2 Assessment ResultsThe current status of the sediment is assessed in the single-factor pollution index method, and the assessment results are shown in Table 5-12.Table 5-12 Assessment Results of Current Status of SedimentPositionAsHgPbCuZnCrNiTPTNYangqiao Ship Lock of Fenquan River0.0650.0170.0160.0520.0400.0220.091————Table 5-12 shows that the contents of the heavy metal pollutants in the sediment of Fenquan River are all lower than Control Standards for Pollutants in Sludges from Agricultural Use (GB4284-84), and in the comparison between the monitoring results and Table 5-11, all monitoring items of the sediment are less than the standard values of Grade II. After stacking and naturally drying the sediment in the mud-dumping area, the area can be returned to greenbelt, or used for the construction of protection forest, and the heavy metal contents of the land will not affect the growth of plants and the health of human. 5.5 Environment Status of Fuyang CityAccording to the environmental status bulletins from 2008 to 2011, in 2008 and 2009, the water quality of Quan river was heavy pollution (Class V Inferior), and that in 2010 and 2011 is light pollution (Class IV), meeting the plan requirement of Class IV. The environmental quality status of QuanRiver in 2011: 4.17% of water has the quality of Class III, 45.83% of water has the quality of Class IV, 25.00% of water has the quality of Class V, and 25.00% of water has the quality of Class V Inferior). Compared with the quality in 2011, the water quality proportion of Class III was up by 4.2%, and the water quality proportion of Class V & Class V Inferior was down by 8.3%. The main pollutants are permanganate index, BOD and petroleum pollutants. The Air Quality Grade of the urban area of Fuyang is Grade II, the air quality is good, and the primary pollutant is inhalable particles; in the whole year, 114 days have excellent air quality (Grade I), 31.32% of the total days in the year, 237 days (64.93%) have good air quality (Grade II), and 14 days (3.84%) have the air quality of light pollution; the rate of good & excellent air quality of the year is 96.16%. 6. Alternative AnalysisSince the engineering is extension, in the principles of reuse and minimizing land acquisition &demolition, the position of the ship lock is the original position of the old ship lock. According to the landform environment around the old ship lock whose right side is only 120 m away from the Yangqiao Check Gate, considering the navigation clearance for bridges and the longitudinal slopes of road connection lines, the center of the ship lock cannot be arranged to the right further; the interior of the dyke on the left side is an administrative village, if the center is arranged to the left too much, not only the dyke needs to be demolished and rebuilt, but also land acquisition and demolition are required. According to the terrain and the change of ship lock size, the center of the newly built ship lock is arranged on the left side of the original one about 2.8 m away (namely, 2.8 m northeastern of the central line of the original ship lock).Scheme I: the longitudinal center line of the ship lock on the left of the center of the original ship lock with the distance about 2.8 m, and is generally parallel with the center line of the water flow direction of the check gate. The main body engineering of the ship lock is in the upstream of the check gate, the road bridge is across the tail bay, and the approach channels are asymmetrically arranged. Scheme II: the position and the road connection lines of the scheme are the same as those in Scheme I, and the difference is that the approach channels are antisymmetrically arrangedThe advantages of Scheme I include: the approach channels fully utilize the original channels, requiring only small amount of dredging work; the interference to the existing dykes is small and the total investment is less. The disadvantages of Scheme I include: the asymmetrical arrangement causes short partition dyke in the middle of the upstream, so solid berthing structures need to be built as partition dykes. The advantages of Scheme II include: the partition dyke in the upstream is slightly longer than that in Scheme I, and the water flow condition in the approach channels is better; the disadvantages include: a long retaining wall is required on the left bank of the upstream approach channel so as to prevent demolishing the dyke, the construction causes more influence to the existing dykes, and the total investment of the engineering is more. In summary, the FSR recommends Scheme I Table 6-1 Engineering Comparison Table of Two Schemes of Ship LockSerial numberEngineering amountUnitShip lock schemeScheme IScheme II1Total volume of earthwork excavated10 thousand m?76.7985.322Earthwork dredged10 thousand m?15.3316.673Earthwork filled back10 thousand m?25.5735.454Concrete & reinforced concretem?40584525845Concrete slope protectionm?30940222706Ecological slope protectionm?1359014779Table 6-2 Environment Comparison Table of Two Schemes of Ship LockSerial numberItemScheme IScheme IIScheme Comparison1Volume of earth and rock767.9 thousand m?853.2 thousand m?The volume of earth and rock in Scheme I is less than that in Scheme II for 85.3 thousand m?, so considering the land occupation & impact to soil environment, the Scheme I is preferable.2Land acquisitionDredging the original approach channels, no land acquisition requiredEmbankment expanded outwards, land acquisition requiredSince the Scheme I does not need land acquisition and has less impact to ecological environment, the Scheme I is preferable.3Sensitive point of environmentDistance between the sensitive point to the approach channel: about 50 mEmbankment expanded outwards, the sensitive point becoming nearer to the approach channelCompared with Scheme II, Scheme I has less influence to the sensitive point, so the Scheme I is preferable.Degree of influenceHouses of around 90 families are influencedHouses of around 90 families are influenced, and some houses near the sensitive point need to be demolished. The distance between the engineering and the houses is shorter than such distance in Scheme I, having greater influenceThe influence of Scheme I is less than that of Scheme II, and the Scheme I is preferable in the aspect of environmental protection.4PriceRMB 161.6651 millionRMB 179.5221 millionThe price of Scheme I is less than that of Scheme II by RMB 17.857 million, and the Scheme I is preferableConclusionScheme I is preferable and recommendedConsidering the environment, the volume of earth & rock in Scheme I is less than that in Scheme II for 85.3 thousand m3, reducing the land occupation & the impact to the soil environment; Scheme I does not need dyke expansion or land acquisition, and has less land occupation, so the impact to ecological environment can be reduced; in addition, Scheme II relates to land acquisition & demolishment, and has greater impact to the environment of the sensitive point in comparison with Scheme I; the estimated investment of Scheme I is less than that of Scheme II for RMB 17.857 million. In comprehensive consideration, the EIA recommends Scheme I, which is consistent with the FSR. 7 Environmental Impact Evaluation7.1 Social Environment Impact Evaluation7.1.1 Population Health Impact AnalysisThe project area is not the harder-hit area of endemic disease and it shall abide by the principle of prevention first; before the construction team mobilize the site, they can ask about the local endemic diseases to the local medical department, and after carrying out prevention measures with the guidance of the department, endemic disease will not have any impact to the construction workers.For the prevention of infectious disease, it mainly depends on the cultivation of good health habits of the construction workers by telling necessary blood flukes prevention knowledge and hygienic knowledge, paying attention to dietetic hygiene and taking necessary blood flukes prevention measures; thus, the infection and development of infectious disease can be controlled.7.1.2 Analysis of regional traffic impactThe project is involved with demolishing of old roads and bridges as well as building of new roads and bridges. In the construction of bridges, the interruption of X107 may impose some impact on regional traffic and public transportation. In order to minimize the adverse effects of construction on public transportation, construction sidewalks shall be set in the lock downstream in the construction period, so that pedestrians and small vehicles can use the temporary downstream sidewalks for transportation or travelling, while large vehicles can bypass the construction area through S204 or S328. Because this kind of effects is temporary and the newly built roads can improve public transportation after the end of the construction, the temporary adverse influence is acceptable. The schematic of the construction sidewalk layout is shown in Figure 7-1.To avoid traffic jam during the construction, the construction unit shall post a notice about the road works, telling the vehicles to select roads or detour depending on the situations or pass through the construction road to reduce the traffic pressure during construction; meanwhile, set related signs, labels and temporary signal lights in road junctions; during the bridge construction, the construction vehicles will be mixed with social vehicles together, so the bidder shall carry out the safety management work on the construction vehicles to avoid any potential traffic danger.In general, the impact of bridge construction to regional transportation reduces to the minimum level by reasonably arranging construction timing sequence, carrying out transport broadcasting prior to the construction and setting billboard in the construction site.43751502579370Construction SidewalkCofferRoad & Bridge for Route Change00Construction SidewalkCofferRoad & Bridge for Route Change42843452382520Legend00LegendFigure 7-1 Schematic of the construction sidewalk layout7.1.3 Other Social Environment Impact AnalysisThe adverse impact to social environment in the construction period is also reflected in the following aspects:(1) Construction noise's impact to social environmentIf the construction is in hot summer, and many people have the habit of taking a noon break when they are more sensitive about noise; the construction noise make some residents hard to take their noon break, which will influence their normal life.(2)External construction workers' impact to the societyThe increase of external construction workers whose lifestyle has major difference with the local residents, might lead to conflict or theft; the public security has potential unstable elements.(3)Impact of sludge odor The excavated sludge from the construction stinks, which upsets the residents nearby, attracts flies and mosquitoes and influences the sanitary environment near the project.(4)Impact of fugitive dust in construction on social environmentFugitive dust in construction (including road dust during vehicle operating, loading and unloading) will influence the local environmental air quality and people's life; it is not good for "open-window ventilation" and influences the life and work of residents nearby.In short, these impacts are temporary and will end with the completion of the construction period; on the other hand, the construction unit shall strengthen the training to the construction workers and publicity about the construction process to the residents nearby to fully understand this project and the construction workers and that the construction will not have long-term and significant impact to the living quality of local residents.7.1.4 Social Environment Mitigation MeasuresMeasures for mitigation of traffic impactIn order to effectively engineering construction's influence to the traffic, the following measures shall be taken:Rational setting of construction roadShall use the existing country road as far as possible, and appropriately reinforce the pavement and drainage system;Shall consider it as the road for villagers around when new roads are planned to be built;The damaged road caused by construction vehicles shall be timely repaired to make sure the good shape of road condition. The narrow road section can be broadened with the help pf road plans.The setting of construction road shall be reviewed/approved by the environmental supervision engineer.Construction design and scientific managementThe construction unit shall post a notice about the road works, telling the vehicles to select road or detour depending on the situations;Increase signs, plates and temporary signal lights on the intersections during the construction period;During the bridge construction period, the construction vehicles and social vehicles are mixed together on the road, so the construction unit shall well manage the construction vehicles to avoid transportation safety hidden danger;Arrange the construction procedures in a scientific manner during the construction design, accelerate the bridge construction schedule, and reduce the construction's impact to the traffic;For the engineering transportation vehicles, strengthen the traffic dispatch and management, choose reasonable traffic lines, avoid rush hour, and reduce the jam caused by construction vehicles.Multi-sectoral coordinationIn design and construction stages, the construction unit shall negotiate with the local government to get their support, reasonably shunt the vehicles and pedestrians and make the traffic problem solved during the construction period administratively.Strict site managementStrictly manage the site and draw a clear line of construction site boundaries, reasonably pile the muck, sand, stone and materials, reasonably park the vehicles and machineries, and reduce traffic barrier. Also, set temporary road and warning signs, and have specially-assigned person to guide the traffic.(5) Education to related personnelEducate the construction workers not to obstruct the surrounding traffic. Strengthen driver education, strictly forbid the overload, and timely clean the scattered materials.B. Population health protection1. Construction area clean-upAt the early stage of construction period, carry out the cleaning and disinfection work of the construction camps, level the site, use phenol drug use motor sprayer to disinfect the toilets and garbage heap on the construction camp, and clean the solid waste.During the construction period, carry out deratization, mosquito eradication and fly eradication activities in the construction range to reduce infectious vector and cut the pathophoresis route. Especially the deratization work shall be strengthened, which shall be carried out once a quarter. Use miehailin aerosol to exterminate flies, twice a year.2. Food hygiene management and supervisionRegular food and hygiene inspection and supervision to the construction area must be conducted; the kitchen staff must have hygiene license to do their job, the ones who have access to food must have "health certificate"; if any food poisoning, effective control measures must be taken to prevent source of the disease from expansion.3. Health and epidemic preventionThe construction workers must have physical examination before they get into the site, and if there is any new-entry infectious disease, the patient must be quarantined to cut off the route of transmission; in the second year, carry out physical examination to 20% of construction workers to know their health conditions and prevent prevalence of diseases. Set medical aid post in the place with relatively concentrated construction workers, equipped with commonly used drugs to carry out simple treatment and first aid of occupational injury.The constructor and engineering management department in the construction area shall have a health and epidemic prevention duty officer to manage the health and epidemic prevention in the range and carry out the food and hygiene publicity and education to the construction worker to improve their consciousness to prevent diseases.7.2 Water Environmental Impact Evaluation7.2.1 Water Pollution Impact during Construction Period1. Water pollution impact during ship lock construction period(1) Production wastewaterThe production wastewater discharge during the ship lock construction period includes that in the process of underwater construction, the piling, well drilling, pumping and other construction activities will make the suspended matter content in the surface water to increase; the dripping and leaking sump oil from the construction machinery and the oily wastewater generated after the open-air machinery washed by rain; the bilge oil in the construction ships; the pollution caused by the stacked building materials, wastes washed by rain or leaching water; and the foundation pit drainage and construction sand washing wastewater. Among the generated various production wastewater, the main pollutants are suspended matters and petroleum.According to the status monitoring results, the water quality of Fenquan River cannot reach the corresponding water body function requirements; its water quality is poor, the water flows slowly, and the river's self-cleaning capacity is low. The peak period of the engineering construction is often in dry season, so the discharge of production wastewater will have certain pollution to the ship lock river reach.Suspended matter influence: for the underwater dredging work of the ship lock engineering design part, due to the cutter-suction agitation can lead to the re-suspension and spreading of the bottom sediment of local waters; compared to other underwater dredging work instances, the SS concentration in the water area 15m from the cutter-suction dredger rimer center clearly increases, the rates of release of N and P pollutants are 1~2 times higher than the ones in condition of rest, and the water environmental impact outside the 15m range is not very obvious. Therefore, in the bottom sediment dredging process in the construction period, SS's impact to the water quality of Fenquan River is limited.Impact of petroleum: The petroleum content in construction machinery and vehicle washing waste water. The oily wastewater is directly discharged to the water body and forms a layer of oil film on the surface, leading to the uneasiness to recover dissolved oxygen in the water and thus influencing the water quality; the random discharge of oily wastewater will reduce the soil fertility, change soil structure and go against the construction slash recovery.Therefore, in order to prevent surface water pollution, it is suggested to set temporary oil removal wastewater settling pond to collect the various washing wastewater, leaching wastewater and foundation pit drainage in the construction process; re-use the wastewater as a part of construction water after settling it. The deep well construction pumped water is collected in a water collection and settling pond and then discharged to the channel in two sides through the general trench. The management to construction ships shall be strengthened to avoid or reduce bilge oil leakage. The implementation of above measures can effectively avoid or relieve the pollution to surface water.Domestic wastewaterAccording to the engineering analysis in Chapter III, the discharge value of domestic sewage during the construction period shall be 16~24m3/d. The main pollutants in domestic sewage are COD and ammonia nitrogen; there is not so much domestic sewage and the sewage discharge will not change the water functional category of Fenquan River surface water and have little impact to the water quality. But due to domestic sewage water quality exceeds the discharge standards, it will has adverse impact to residents' health. The evaluation requires the construction workers to have centralized residence and centralized discharge of domestic sewage. But after setting septic tank outside the residence of the construction workers, and send the feces to farm fields for fertilizer after primary treatment on a regular basis.2. Water pollution impact during construction period of highway bridge reconstruction and cable engineeringThe bridge and wiring works have short construction period and small total volume sewage, and the wastewater will stop with the completion of the construction period; the pollution sources are mainly COD, BOD5, SS and petroleum, and the construction machinery overhaul flushing water contains petroleum pollutants and shall have deoiling treatment. The cofferdam built before the underwater construction shall be removed after the completion of the underwater construction and several days of water settling in the cofferdam. The construction wastewater shall be settled, deoiled and treated with innocent treatment facilities and temporary toilet septic tank based on different construction areas, and transported to the farm fields or forests nearby.3 .Bottom sediment environmental impact analysisThe Fenquan River bottom sediment environment current situation evaluation results indicate that the contents of heavy metal pollutants in the bottom sediment of the working area are all lower than the Grade 2 standard in Control standards for pollutants in sludges from agricultural use (GB4284-84). After being stacked and air dried, this part of bottom sediment can also be used in cultivated land or the construction of protection forest, and its heavy metal content will not influence vegetation growth or human health. But the discharge of bottom sediment leachate might contain a small trace of heavy metal, and its content is basically in direct proportion to the heavy metal content in the bottom sediment at the beginning of leaching process; the heavy metal content of bottom sediment is low, so the heavy metal content in leachate; therefore, the leachate has very little influence to ambient soil and water body. Therefore, the single factor indexes of heavy metals in the Yangqiao Ship Lock channel bottom sediment are all low, and the heavy metal and leachate in the bottom sediment shall not have significant influence to soil and groundwater.7.2.2 Environmental Protection Measures in the Construction PeriodThe sewage during the engineering construction mainly comes from the gravel washing wastewater, construction machinery, vehicle washing wastewater and construction period domestic sewage. You need to take measures to the above wastewater to prevent the pollution of construction wastewater and domestic sewage to waters nearby. For sewage discharge, execute according to Integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996).Gravel washing wastewaterDue to the drainage of gravel washing water in building construction is not discontinuous and the suspended matter content is high, this project uses the batch-type plain sedimentation to remove the grains of sand that are easily subsided. It requires to set one settling pond with dimension of 12m×4m×2m; and the pond body and inlet/outlet uses brick masonry lining. After well treated, the wastewater will be used for construction road watering or be drained outside; and the waste slag will be transported to the spoil ground.Treatment of construction machinery and vehicle overhaul washing wastewaterThe main pollutants of construction machinery and vehicle overhaul washing wastewater are petroleum. Set collecting gutter in the construction machinery equipping and maintenance area to collect the troubleshooting and washing wastewater, and set oil separator to treat the oily wastewater. The construction machinery and vehicle overhaul washing wastewater up to standard after treatment can be drained to the flood land nearby.Treatment of domestic sewageThe main pollutants in domestic sewage are COD and ammonia nitrogen; there is not so much domestic sewage and the sewage discharge will not change the water functional category of Fenquan River surface water and have little impact to the water quality. But due to domestic sewage water quality exceeds the discharge standards, it will has adverse impact to residents' health. The evaluation requires the construction workers to have centralized residence and centralized discharge of domestic sewage. But after setting septic tank outside the residence of the construction workers, and send the feces to farm fields for fertilizer after primary treatment on a regular basis.Foundation pit wastewaterThe foundation pit drainage shall meet the up-to-standard drainage requirements. The suspended matter in foundation pit wastewater is generally 2000mg/L, and the wastewater will be sit for about 2 hours after collected to drainage sump from drainage open trench; then the suspended matter concentration can be lowered to 150mg/L or less, and what you have to do is to drain it out. The cofferdam built before the underwater construction shall be removed after the completion of the underwater construction and several days of water settling in the cofferdam.7.2.3 Water Pollution Impact during Operation PeriodThe pollution in the operation period is mainly the domestic contamination caused by the ship lock working personnel and ship working personnel during the operation period and the oil pollution produced by the ships, and the main pollution factors are COD, NH3-N and petroleum.According to the engineering analysis in Chapter III, the output of ship lock administration office domestic sewage is about 1.3m?/d, which can be only discharged after it is treated by buried sewage treatment device and reaches the Grade II standard requirements in Table 4 of Integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996). The domestic sewage discharge value of lockage vessels shall be 1.0m3/d, and the discharge of vessel domestic sewage shall meet the requirements in Vessel Pollutant Discharge Standard Requirements. The evaluation region, the primary function of water body in the Fenquan River section is transportation and irrigation; there is no integrated drinking water intake and the up to standard discharged domestic sewage water quantity is small; therefore, it has small influence to Fenquan River water body environment.7.2.4 Water Environment Protection Measures in the Operation PeriodAccording to the requirements of navigation administrative department, the vessels are not allowed to drain bilge oily water to the water body during the lockage period. Therefore, the normal passing process of lockage vessels has no oil contamination influence to the water body. (1) Strengthen the channel management and forbid the garbage along the channel to enter the channel; release the announcement, forbid to dump the solid wastes 100m within the bank, and punish the units and residents who dump garbage at will. (2) Carry out regular salvage and cleaning to the floating objects under the action of wind. (3) The Fenquan River channel shall be set with navigation signs based on the provisions on inland water transportation to make sure shipping safety; strengthen daily shipping patrol, and completely prevent the risk accidents from polluting the Fenquan River water quality.(4) Strengthen the ship management, and the ships shall be equipped with the appropriate treatment devices or storage containers for the domestic sewage output as required; any ship cannot discharge the domestic sewage not conforming to the discharge standard to the inland waters; the ship bilge oily wastewater can only be discharged after it is treated with the built-in oil-water separator and meets the Vessel Pollutant Discharge Standard.(5) Set ship sewage reception facilities in the service area, and for the ship without oil-water separator or domestic sewage treatment device, the specialized facilities in the service area can collect the oily sewage and domestic sewage on the ship to the service area for unified treatment. (6) the ship lock administration office domestic sewage can be only discharged to the downstream of ship lock after it is treated by buried sewage treatment devices ("bio-contact oxidation + disinfection" process) and reaches the Grade II standard requirements in Table 4 of Integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978-1996).7.3 Ecological and Environmental Impact and landscape Construction7.3.1 Ecological and Environmental Impact in Construction PeriodIn construction period, the ecological and environmental impact elements are:(1) Land occupation impact: permanent land occupation is mainly for approach channel dredging and bridge reconstruction works, including flood land occupation; and temporary land occupation is mainly for construction machinery, site and mud-dumping area;(2) Mechanical work: its rolling compaction damages the aboveground vegetation and fugitive dusts fall on the leaves of plants, influencing the photosynthesis and respiration processes.(3) Water and soil loss: due to dredging of sludge, bridge reconstruction and other works during the construction process, there might be water and soil loss;(4) Impact on aquatic organism: it mainly happens in the construction period;A. Impact on vegetationThe impact of the engineering on the vegetation along is mainly reflected on two aspects: first, permanent land occupation reduces the vegetation area of the shrubby grassland and forest land of flood land; second, the temporary land occupation of mud-dumping area in the construction period will damage the aboveground vegetation, and its recovery requires a certain period of time. In this section, we focus on the impact of permanent land occupation to vegetation in the region.According to field survey and forestry sector advices, the forest occupied in the project is mainly economic forests, and does not involve ecological and public welfare forest and rare and protected animals. This project's impact to flood land mainly is reflected in the flood land shrubby grassland and beach forest land, which reduces the flood land vegetation area and has a certain influence to the ecological function and benefits in some areas. This project has little impact to the plant diversity in this region. After the construction is complete, the landscape construction and vegetation recovery along the road can gradually make up for the plant diversity and biomass loss.Meanwhile, with the implementation of slope protection works, the approach channel afforestation and slope protection engineering can improve the water and soil loss along the approach channel banks, and also can form an ecological corridor with clean water and green trees; the artificial ecological system will have obvious regional ecological benefits and complete the completeness of regional ecology and its structure and function.In general, the flood land vegetation loss caused by engineering permanent land occupation will have certain influence on the existing ecological system; but the loss amount is next to nothing to the entire region, and the slope protection greening in this engineering area will make up for considerable biomass; therefore, the vegetation destroyed by the this engineering will not have influence to the abundance of species and ecological functions of the ecosystem near the engineering.B. Impact on terrestrial animalsImpact on terrestrial animals: it mainly happens in the construction period with following: the land occupation destroys vegetation, and reduces their living area and food source; the construction noise and light disturbs their normal life; the construction might pollute the water quality in Fenquan River and regional atmospheric environment.The terrestrial wild animals in the project area are the frequent species in the Huaibei Plain: common birds, beasts and small animals; the wild beasts include leopard cat, badger, yellow weasel, hare and hedgehog; and the wild birds include great bustard, white stork, sparrow, turtledove and crow. The influence of this project on the terrestrial wildlife is mainly during the construction period, when the habitat of these birds and beasts will be damaged; the construction noise, fugitive dust and personnel frequent movements will make the wild animals flee because of scare; the birds lived here will be impacted firstly, and they will temporarily find new habitat somewhere else. But the project covers small area, and the project area has already become the artificialized area with lots of human activities instead of the primary habitat, breeding place and wintering ground for protected animals; and most of them have good moving ability, so they can rapidly migrate to the safe region nearby during the construction; therefore, the project will have small influence to the terrestrial animals, and they will get their old life back as soon as the project ends.C. Impact on aquatic organismThe spatial and temporal distribution and change in quantity of plankton are closely related to the water transparency, and in the engineering construction period, bridge pier construction and channel dredging will generate some suspended matters, which spread with change of water flow field and form a certain range of suspended matter high-concentration distribution area, leading to the decrease of local water transparency, and thus influencing the growth of plankton. The suspended sand increment caused by the construction is not very obvious, and the disturbed bottom sediment will continuously set and dilute due to the gravity and flow of the river; therefore, this project's impact to the plankton of Fenquan River is minor.Benthos is one of the important aquatic organism types in the aquatic ecosystem of Fenquan River water area, and the impact of environmental change to their survival is rather obvious due to their low mobility; The species in the river way are all frequent species, so the impact is temporary; with the completion of the construction, the bottom sediment is becoming stable, the survival environment of benthos will be recovered. The area of this project is small compared to Fenquan River waters area; therefore, the impact of this project to benthos is acceptable.Due to water quality damage, the reduction of fish baits and other biomass for plankton and benthos changes the survival, growth and reproduction conditions for the fishes who will move to other places in another water area; so the fish intensity in the construction area will significantly drop. But due to the big pollution of Fenquan River and the fishes in Shaying River are mainly grass carp and other pollutant-resisting fishes, and there is no valuable or rare/protected varieties of fishes; so the engineering has little impact to them and the impact is temporary; they can always return to the original habitat after the completion of the construction. In this survey, there is no wild fish of national priority protection, no fish spawning site, feeding ground or wintering ground designated by fishery sector; therefore, this project has no direct influence to spawning and reproduction of fishes.D. Impact of mud-dumping areaThe mud-dumping area in this project is set on the left bank of the Yangqiao check gate in the low-lying land of downstream side of X017 (Figure 7-2); the mud-dumping area is a 3-4m low-lying land formed after the soil removal by the local residents with area of 150 mu, containing the spoil of this project. Due to the mud-dumping area soil will be covered with the dredged bottom sediment, and the land will be returned to the local government after the hydraulic reclamation of mud-dumping area ends. See Figure 7-3 for the current situation of mud-dumping area.39147752848610Quan River00Quan River12414251477010Quan River00Quan RiverAccording to our survey, the mud-dumping area has no housing estates within 50m range; so the machinery noise, residual water drainage and stink from bottom sediment during the construction period of the spoil area might have small influence to the residents nearby.43516552402840Quan River Dike00Quan River Dike32658051887855Spoil Area00Spoil Area38652451031875Check Gate00Check Gate20980401008380Flood-diversion Gate00Flood-diversion Gate2988945229235Ship Lock to Be Built00Ship Lock to Be BuiltFigure 7-2 Diagram of the spoil area position56705515494000Figure 7-3 Photo of Current Situation of the Disposal Area7.3.2 Ecological Protection Preventive and Restoring Measures in Construction PeriodIn order to maintain the ecological balance and protect the biodiversity within the region, we take ecological protection preventive and restoring measures in the engineering zone. During the construction period, strengthen the ecological protection publicity and education to the construction workers and management personnel to enhance their ecological environment protection consciousness; during the construction process, avoid wanton felling of trees and try to retain the original vegetation; the construction workers are not allowed to catch frogs, snakes or birds to lighten the impact of construction to local terrestrial organism and thus to reduce and eliminate the impact range and extent to ecological environment. The destroyed vegetation shall be restored locally or compensated non-locally to reduce the impact of the engineering to the ecological environment.Before the construction, carry out topsoil stripping to cultivated land within the temporary land occupation scope with 0.3m thick of stripping and 1000 m3 of stripping topsoil, which shall be transported to the temporary soil pile zone for temporary storage; after the navigation bank filling is done, backfill the topsoil to the navigation bank surface for the layout of vegetation measures.The water and soil loss prevention and treatment measures in the temporary excavation area: carry out topsoil stripping before the construction, and transport to temporary soil pile zone for centralized stacking; set straw-earth cofferdam around the mud-dumping area and consider the temporary drainage measures; and set obstructs, drainage and covers around the temporary soil pile zone.After the spoil ground of the Yangqiao Ship lock extension project is used, use the topsoil of temporary land occupation for topsoil coverage and try to restore it as cultivated land and increase the local cultivated land quantity.7.3.3 Ecological Environmental Impact and Protection Measures in the Operation PeriodThe Fenquan River channel side afforestation consists of arbors, shrubs and grasses; grass and shrub grow much faster than the arbors; the area along the channel requires long-term and professional administration and maintenance; plant the evergreen herbaceous plants and shrubs that can absorbing dust and noxious gas in the green belt to beautify the environment and prevent water and soil loss. Therefore, the channel administration department shall set special department and personnel to run or entrust botanical garden department to maintain.7.3.4 SummaryThe river system is an important part in the regional ecosystem and plays an irreplaceable role in the development of creatures and maintenance of ecological balance. The Fenquan River has multiple times of artificial modification, renovation and construction in history and a lot of human activities, and the ecological environment nearby has basically become the compound ecosystem mingled by artificial ecosystem and natural ecosystem and the artificial ecosystem is dominant; the completeness of the previous natural ecosystem has been seriously destroyed; in addition, the area is not the main habitat, breeding place or wintering ground of protected wild animals.This project will have certain damage to the ecological environment along the approach channel during the construction period, but this influence is temporary and its scope is relatively small.; after the project is completed, with the implementation of water and soil conservation plans, environmental protection measures and slope protection greening works, ecological benefit after the artificial ecosystem will significantly act; the region's ecological integrity and its structure and function will improve instead of weaken.7.4 Evaluation of Impact on Environmental Air7.4.1 Prediction of Impact on Environmental Air in Construction PeriodDuring the construction period, fugitive dust will have the biggest influence to the environmental air, and the influence of fuel waste gas from the transportation and equipment operation and the stinks in the mud-dumping area ranks second. The construction dust raising includes the directly discharged dust in the construction process, and the secondary dust raising of surface regolith due to wind or other power conditions. The dust raising in this project mainly comes from foundation pit excavation, stock yard exploitation, waste slag stacking and vehicle transportation, and the main pollutant is TSP.1. Impact of fugitive dust on environmental airThe main impact of fugitive dust in construction on atmospheric environment is to increase the suspended particulate matter concentration in the air. Fugitive dust has 3 aspects: fugitive dust out of construction, from vehicle pass-by and produced by wind force for the loose soil on the site and roads. After the construction of this project is done, the impact to atmospheric environment will disappear itself.The total earthwork excavated in this project is 760,600 m?, and the influence scope can be as far as 50m based on the dust raising volume, wind force, humidity of the materials and civilization degree of the construction; however, it will not have very big adverse influence to Yangqiao town and other environmental air sensitive spots.Fugitive dust during the transportation mainly comes from two aspects: one is the dust produced by vehicles, and the second is the transportation of dusty materials such as cement; when the vehicles are not properly blocked during moving, the materials may be losing and floating, which increases the dust content in the air on the sides of the highway. Compare to the empirical data of fugitive dust from motor vehicles, and if the construction road traffic flow is 35 /h and the vehicle load is 15~20t, then dust discharging strength of the concrete pavement is 67.2mg/s·m, and that of the macadam pavement and rural highway is 74mg/s·m.The construction roads of this project are mostly macadam pavement and the dust raised by the transportation vehicles especially in dry seasons is the main problem of fugitive dust in construction. The fugitive dust from vehicles is the main source of dust in construction. It is not averagely distributed in a large range, but have big concentration in certain small spaces. On the road section with a lot of accumulated dust, there will be dense fugitive dust when load-carrying vehicles pass by, with general width of 10~50m and height of 4~5m.3 minutes later, the bigger particles will settle to the ground, and the fine particles will stay a little bit longer in the air.The engineering construction will raise dust to the project area and the construction roads, which will have a certain impact to the construction workers and residents nearby exposed to the dust for a long time. Therefore, the construction organization must take dust suppression measures, including watering the construction site, strengthening of the management measures and labor protection to the on-site construction workers. These measures will reduce the fugitive dust volume by 50%~70%, and can effectively reduce the impact of dust raising on environmental air. The engineering dust raising's pollution to the environmental air is temporary and local and will be gone after the completion of construction.2. Impact of vehicle tail gas on environmental airDue to the pollutant volume discharged from fuels out of transportation and construction equipment operation, and these pollutants are discharged in a flowing and spreading manner; the construction area atmospheric pollutant spreading and dilution conditions in the contamination area are good, which will not have adverse influence to the atmospheric environmental quality and function.7.4.2 Atmospheric Environment Protection Measures in the Construction PeriodIn the construction process of this project, the primary impacts to environmental air include stink from the bottom sediment dredging and fugitive dust in the construction process.(1) Stink pollution control measuresA. During design, the selection of mud-dumping area shall avoid villages, and from the aspect of site survey, the mud-dumping area is 50m or more away from villages, which effectively avoids the influence of sediment odor stink to the residents nearby;B. The dredging of approach channel shall be carried out in the low water season, ideally winter; the smell of bottom sediment will does not easily diffuse, and it can reduce the influence of stink to residents nearby. At the same time, carry out section construction, timely transport the dredged bottom sediment to the mud-dumping area, and timely carry out ecological recovery treatment;(2) Dust pollution control measuresa. There shall be the enclosure not lower than 1.8m in the construction site, and water the land area at any time to reduce the pollution of fugitive dust and set muck collecting enclosure in water area, and make sure that the muck will be moved away within three days after the construction.b. The transportation of earthwork, muck and construction garbage must use closed vehicles and set the facility to wash vehicles at the entrance of the construction site to wash the vehicles when leaving the site and not bring mud and sand out of the site.c. Take effective measures in the construction site, including covering, solidification, greening and watering. The fugitive dust on the roads and in the construction site shall be dealt with watering and cleaning mechanism, and it is required to equip one watering cart in the construction site.d. Cement and other easily fly-upward fine grain building materials shall be stored in an enclosed manner, and the lime and sand in the construction site shall be collectively stacked and covered.e. The lime and inorganic materials shall be pre-mixed before mobilization, and the machine shed with agitator in the construction site must be enclosed and equipped with effect dust-fall and anti-=dust devices.f. If there is force 4 wind or above, it is not allowed to carry out earthwork backfill, transportation and other construction works might have the pollution of fugitive dust.g. The vegetation of temporarily occupied land shall be recovered to prevent water and soil loss.(3) MiscellaneousTry to select the vehicles with low energy consumption and low pollution emission, and the constructor shall install tail gas clean-up devices for the vehicles with exhaust emission out of limits. Strengthen the management and maintenance to machinery and vehicles and reduce the air pollution caused by poor states of machinery and vehicles.7.4.3 Impact on Environmental Air in Operation PeriodIn operation period, the exhaust gas pollutants are mainly from the fuel oil exhaust gas, including SO2, CO, NO2, in the way of linear emission along the shipping lane; there are good air diffusion conditions in the region, so the air environment quality will not degenerate. The air environment quality in the to-be construction site shall meet the requirements for Class 2 area in Environmental air quality standard (GB3095-1996).7.5 Acoustic Environmental Impact Evaluation7.5.1 Acoustic Environment in Construction PeriodAccording to characteristics, size, site layout and construction mechanical equipment selection of the project, the noises generated in the construction activities of this project mainly include construction material processing and construction machinery noises, and the explosion noise of old ship lock removal. According to the engineering field monitoring in similar engineering, and see Table 7-1 for construction machinery noise; the sound level of primary construction machinery high noise sound level equipment is 80~100dB (A).Tab. 7-1Construction Machinery Noise Impact Source IntensityConstruction equipmentSound level (5m from the acoustic source), dB(A)Excavator84Bulldozer86Motor lorry75~80Generator70~80Concrete mixing station80Steel & wood processing factory1001. Prediction modeAccording to Environmental Impact Assessment Specifications for Inland Waterway Project (JTJ227-2001), this project uses the calculation formula for point acoustic source at semi free space attenuation to calculate the sound attenuation situations of the construction machineries, and calculate the noise values of different distances from an acoustic source by lapping the noises and the background values.LA(r)=LA(r0)-20lg(r/r0）-ΔLAWhere: LA(r) ······ A sound level r away from the acoustic source, dB (A);LA (r0) ······ A sound level of reference position r0, dB (A);ΔLA····· A sound level attenuation caused by other elements; due to the openness of the project area, this evaluation does not calculate the attenuation values; take 0dB (A);2. Impact prediction of noise contribution value (Day)According to the site layout and construction arrangement, taking the unfavorable situation into consideration, select the excavator, bulldozer, motor lorry and other construction machineries with greater noise, and concrete mixing station and steel & wood processing factory as noise source. See Table 7-2 and 7-3 for the prediction of the noise contribution values of different distances from the acoustic sources.Tab. 7-2 Predicted Noise Contribution Values of Different Distances from Acoustic Sources Unit: dB (A)Noise level10m20m50m100m110m150m200m500mExcavator70.064.056.050.049.246.544.036.0Bulldozer72.066.058.052.051.248.546.038.0Motor lorry66.060.052.046.045.242.540.032.0Tab. 7-3Predicted Noise Contribution Values of Different Distances from Acoustic Sources Unit: dB (A)Noise level10m20m50m100m110m150m200m500mConcrete mixing station66.060.052.046.045.242.540.032.0Steel & wood processing factory86.080.072.066.064.862.560.052.0According to 4a standard in Environmental quality standards for noise (GB3096-2008) (70dB in day time and 55dB in night time), and the earthwork construction and structure construction noise limit in Emission Standard of Environment Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB12523-2011) (70dB in day time and 55dB in night time); the concrete mixing station can be up to standard 10m away in day time and basically 35m away in night time; the steel & wood processing factory acoustic source grade reaches 100dB (A), which is up to standard 70m away in day time, and 350m away in night. The excavator, bulldozer and motor lorry have limited noise influence scopes respectively, but when the three of them are superimposed, they have great influence to the acoustic environment. Due to the uncertainty of the combination of the equipment, this evaluation cannot have quantitative evaluation. Based on the location of this project, the environment evaluation suggests that the construction in night time is not allowed. Due to the engineering requires night-time construction, the building undertakers must file an application to Liquan Environmental Protection Bureau and inform the residents nearby by posting a notice and let them take precautionary measures. The evaluation requires the constructor to strengthen environmental management and supervises and urges the constructor to strengthen equipment management and control construction time according to Emission Standard of Environment Noise for Boundary of Construction Site (GB12523-2011).The ship lock and highway bridge reconstruction and wiring works will have a certain influence to the residents in this area. The construction area in this project is located in the south of Wanggao Village, and the concrete mixing station and the steel & wood processing factory are located within the ship lock administration office. According to site survey, the acoustic environment sensitive spot near the project area is mainly Wanggao Village. Due to the noise source intensity in the steel & wood processing factory is high, in the project construction organization design, the steel & wood processing factory shall be set in a temporary house for noise reduction; the lowest noise reduction of temporary house is 15dB (A), and the concrete mixing station fully meets the requirements; thus the steel & wood processing factory can be fully up to standard in day time and at 100m in night time. Therefore, the steel & wood processing factory is not allowed to operate during the construction period to avoid influence to the residents in Wanggao Village in night time.The ship lock engineering and highway bridge and wiring construction might have some influence to the ambient environment sensitive spots and occasionally make the acoustic environment out of limits. But these noise sources are temporary in construction period, and only have impact to local environment in a short term, and these impacts will be gone after the completion of construction.7.5.2 Acoustic Environment Protection Measures in Construction PeriodDuring the construction period, the service time of equipment making noises shall be strictly managed and controlled, and high noise equipment shall not be allowed to use in nigh time; at the same time, you shall select the locations and directions to place the equipment, pay attention to use natural conditions and buildings (structures) to reduce noises, and make the impact of noises in the construction period to the minimum. (1) First, use low noise equipment as far as possible, for example, use hydraulic machinery instead of fuel machinery, and use high-frequency vibrorammer; for the fastening mechanical equipment, excavation and earth moving machinery, such as excavator and bulldozer, you can reduce the noise by exhaust pipe silencer and isolation of motor vibration parts.The mechanical equipment will have increased sound level due to loose parts vibration or damage of silencer, so the construction organization shall have regular maintenance and service to the mechanical equipment.Immediately close the unused equipment, and the transport vehicles shall slow down when they are getting into the site and try not to honk their horns. (2) Draw up scientific construction plan and reasonably arrange the construction time, and try to avoid using many high-noise equipment together; in addition, the construction time of high-noise equipment (such as excavator and agitator) shall be arranged in day time instead of night time (22:00~06:00).During nights, the construction organization shall reduce the transportation of in-situ concrete and large-scale materials, and if the continuous work is required due to the bridge reconstruction, the construction organization shall try to take noise reduction measures, notify the residents nearby about the construction time and location, and report to the environmental protection agency for registration before the construction.(3) The construction organization shall set mobile acoustic barrier to the noise sensitive spots to reduce the impact of construction noise. (4) Operate the mechanical equipment as specified and abide by the operating rules during the process of baffle and bracket disassembly; reduce the collision noise in loading and unloading the materials. (5) Avoid to arrange too many mechanical equipment at a same location to prevent too high local sound level; try to use modern communication equipment instead of whistles, clocks or flute to direct the construction.(6) The electric saw, electric planer, agitator, fixed concrete delivery pump, large-scale air compressor and other high-noise equipment shall be set in the side away from the residential area to reduce noise pollution.(7) The building organization shall pacify the residents nearby together with the construction organization, announce their construction timescale, and establish good community relationship with the companies and residents along the routes. In order to seek the common understanding, the construction organization shall notify the entities and individuals disturbed by the construction, and tell them the construction progress and measures taken to lower the noise. In addition, they shall set complaint hotline during the construction period for the complaints about noises from the residents, and actively handle the complaints.7.5.3 Noise Impact and Control Measures in Operation PeriodThe ships generate small noises during navigation, which are flowing acoustic source. The power-driven vessels use diesel engine, so the engine noise during the operation period (including gas discharge sound) is the primary acoustic source in approach channel operation period. Other noise sources also include on-site work commanding speakers and ship whistles, which can be effectively controlled via strengthened management.According to Environmental Impact Assessment Specifications for Inland Waterway Project (JTJ227-2001), the ship navigation noise radiation sound level shall be calculated based on:(Lp) i= (Lw) i+10lg (Ni/ViT) +10lg (D0/D) 1+α-13-ΔLAWhere: (Lp) i·····the radiation sound level of i type ship per hour at location D, dB (A);(Lw) i······ the average radiation sound level of i type ship, dB (A);Ni····the average flow of i type ship in day time or night time, ship/h; (see Table 3-5)Vi······ the average speed of i type ship, km/h; (calculated by 10km/h)T······· predicted time, take 1h;D0······predicted reference distance of ship radiation sound level, take 15m;ΔLA····· A sound level attenuation caused by side wall and other elements, take 10dB (A);A······· ground parameter, take 0.3;For the (Lw)i value of ship, consider that most of the ships in the approach channel and gate are power- driven ships, use diesel engine as power, and the speeds of lockage ships are rather low (take 10km/h here). So the engine noise during the operation period (including gas discharge sound) is the primary acoustic source in approach channel operation period. This evaluation looks into related materials, and see Table 6-4 for the noise source intensity of ships of different powers.Tab. 6-4Lockage Vessel Noise Source Intensity Table dB (A)Running speed300t ship500t shipCabin door opensCabin door closesCabin door opensCabin door closesLow-speed81.275.183.575.4The sound level of prediction spots shall be calculated based on:(LAeq)Prediction=10lg[100.1(LAeq)Total+100.1（LAeq）Background]Where: (LAeq) total····· the sound level total of noise pollution sources received by the prediction point, dB (A); (LAeq)Prediction····· the noise predicted value of the prediction point at day or night, dB (A); (LAeq)Background·····Current situation background value dB (A).Carry out the prediction based on the most adverse condition (open cabin door and large-tonnage ship lockage conditions); and see Table 6-5 for the noise sound levels of the noise sensitive spots of the lockage ship.Tab. 6-5Noise Values of Lockage Ship to Noise Sensitive Spots in Operation Period Unit: dB (A)Noise levelCurrent situation monitoring valuePredicted valueExecutive standardWanggao VillageDay50.152.2260Night44.749.150From Table 6-5, we can know that when the cabin door is open, the ship noise during the operation period basically has no influence to the acoustic environment spot (Wanggao Village) and it meets the Grade 2 standard requirements in Environmental quality standards for noise (GB3096-2008). When the ships are navigating, the cabin door is usually closed, and the noise source can reduce by 6dB (A) or more; therefore, ship navigation has no impact to the surrounding environment sensitive spot. In addition, the ship engine shall be equipped with effective silencer and ensured to be functional, and the discharged noise shall conform to state-level Inland River Ship Noise Sound Level Provisions.The noise sources also include on-site work commanding speakers and ship whistles. According to related regulations, the equivalent acoustic value of the ship whistling is as high as 85dB 200m away. The ship whistling noise and on-site work commanding speaker noise have the characteristics of intermittence and emergency, and has more influence over the sensitive spots. For such noise, many measures shall be taken to reduce the influence to surrounding environment as far as possible.7.5.4 Acoustic Environment Protection Measures in the Operation PeriodWe advise the building organization and the port administrative department to strengthen management and close the ship cabin during lockage and navigation to eliminate the impact of ship noises to ambient environment.When the ships are passing the ship lock, the building organization shall use sound devices as specified in ship safe navigation provisions without honking the whistles at will. The work-commanding speakers shall be controlled with their volume and not allowed to use at night.7.6 Analysis on Solid Waste Pollution7.6.1 Solid Wastes and Control Measures during the Construction PeriodThe solid wastes during the construction period are mainly from the excavation spoil, construction ship garbage, construction garbage and household garbage of the construction workers.Measures: 1) the spoil and construction garbage produced in this project shall not be dumped to ditches at will, and they shall be used for leveling the base of rural residence based on new rural and town construction policies.2) The underwater earthwork mud-dumping area shall be used for greening or construction of protection forest after natural drying.3) Set 2 trash cans in the construction camps and arrange specially-assigned persons to clean and transport the household garbage. The trash cans need to be sprayed with miehailin aerosol and other liquid to prevent and treat the breed of flies and other infectious vectors. The household garbage shall be collected and transported by the local sanitation department to the garbage disposal plant in a timely manner.4) After the completion of this engineering, remove the temporary facilities in the construction area, timely clean the concrete mixing system, construction machinery parking lot, dimension stone charge make-up area, comprehensive warehouse and office/living quarter, get rid of construction garbage and sundries, clean and level the household garbage, outdoor toilets and sewage pit, use quick lime to disinfect and do the construction slash recovery right.7.6.2 Solid Wastes and Control Measures during the Operation PeriodThe solid wastes in the operation period are mostly the household garbage generated by the ship lock management personnel and workers on the ships. Calculated by 1.0kg/person · day for the output of household garbage, the 13 new working personnel on the ship lock will produce 4290kg/a garbage. The household garbage in the operation period shall be handed over to the local sanitation department for transportation and treatment after the collection.For the household garbage generated by the ship workers, according to the Provisions of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Vessel Pollution of the Inland Water Environment, "it is not allowed to discharge ship garbage to the inland waters and the ship garbage must be treated by the department with qualifications", the ships shall be equipped with waste storage containers that have lid, do not leak or spill, or bag the garbage; classify, collect and keep the garbage to meet the need of storing ship garbage during the navigation.7.7 Accident Risk Pollution AnalysisUpon completion of the project, quantity of vessels passing Yaoqiao Dam Lock will be increased effectively, and the transit capacity of Fenquan River will be improved. While sometimes emergencies such as ship collision or ship sinking may occur due to unforeseen reasons. As per forecast on cargo volume during the operation period and relevant statistics, vessels travel on the river only carry coal, building material and chemical materials, etc. The sinking of coal and building material, etc. will have limited effect on the water quality of the waterbody, while the sinking of chemicals will have greater impact on water quality, so, the EIA mainly analyzes risks aroused from chemical materials. Clause 14 of Regulations on Anhui Province Water Traffic Safety Management, implemented on March 1st, 2014 stipulates that “Inland rivers and lakes are prohibited to be used for the transportation of highly toxic chemicals and other hazardous chemicals that Chinese government prohibits to transport through inland rivers”.As per investigation, main chemical materials transported on the waterway are methanol, hydrogen peroxide, urea and synthetic ammonia, etc. produced by Linhua Group. These goods are mainly transported first by trucks to the Hongchao port at Yangqiao Dam Lock, and then transported via the waterway. Hoongchao port is a special port of Linhua Group for methanol and hydrogen peroxide, with transportation pipelines and storage tanks for liquid hazardous chemicals being built at the port. To make Hongchao port a safe port, in 2014, RMB138, 000Yuan was invested by the group for the safety standardization works of the port, including modification to the operation sites and upgrading of the site monitoring and control hardware facilities. In addition, to strengthen the integrated safety management flow, a safety production management organization, with the legal person of Hongchao Port Co., Ltd. as the main leader, was established. Besides, a series of port safety management regulations including PortSafety Production Operation Regulation, Site Patrol Inspection Regulation, Personnel Safety Training Regulation and various emergency response plans have been prepared as required, and are kept on revising and updating. Thus, staff can be constrained and managed by these regulations. The safety responsibility supervision and assessment mechanism was established for the supervision of the implementation of safety responsibilities, which assures the safety production of the port.Fuyang Local Marine Bureau performs periodic inspection to assure the production safety. Before any operation, port administration officers and site marine officers will jointly have an overall safety inspection to hazardous chemicals carrying vessels, examine operation qualifications of hazardous chemicals transportation vessels, so as to prevent all people without correct qualifications from operation works and all vessels without correct qualifications from carrying hazardous goods, which assures all vessels are qualified for transportation and loading. The inspection on the safety of various links of vehicle transportation and vessel transportation are strengthened, and vehicle guards and site safety inspector shall own relevant safety qualifications. Through the more strict safety inspection on various links for hazardous goods storage and transportation, potential safety risks are eliminated in the embryonic?stage. By a series of pertinent measures, the width and depth of safety production are guaranteed. Besides, Fuyang Local Marine Bureau has improved its emergency response ability through performing exercises on disposal of hazardous chemical leakage, etc. As per Analysis on Fuyang City Waterway Traffic Safety Situation by Fuyang Local Marine Bureau, in 2012 and 2013, no collision or leakage accidents occur to hazardous chemical carrying ships. Probabilities of accidents like collision of hazardous chemical carrying ship, etc. in the waterway is very small, but there does exist the possibility. Once the small probability event occurs, it will have such very serious devastating impact to the water as killing fish in the river, poisoning organic life and threatening safety of downstream water intake, etc. So, in case of any chemical material relating accident, its effect will be great.7.7.1 Influence over Aquatic Ecology and Fishery ResourcesIn case of chemical leak due to ship collision, the influence on the aquatic ecology of the Fenquan River will be multi-dimensional.Fish feed is the foundation of all fishery waters and the precondition for the survival of all aquatic lives in the drainage basin of the Fenquan River. Plankton with poor mobility will be the first to be affected, chemical substances are toxic and harmful for them; plankton is the producer in the aquatic life community, and the biological basis for the feed in the waters, so chemical substances will influence other creatures as feed through the plankton.Besides, chemical substances are highly toxic to young fish and larva fish, in particular, the floating fish eggs. Fish eggs and larva fishes may be poisoned by high concentration chemical substances soon; the feeding and breeding of fish may be disturbed exposure to long-term low-concentration sub-acute toxicity; and the toxicity will vary as the constituents of chemical substances differ.7.7.2 Precautions Against Risks(1) Safety and pollution prevention measures shall be taken for the ships carrying flammable, explosive, corrosive, hazardous or radioactive goods. Specified signs shall be displayed, the provisions in the Regulations Governing the Supervision and Control of Vessels Carrying Dangerous Goods specified by the Ministry of Transport.(2) The ships must have the ship certificates of inspection issued by marine administration department, certificate of registry, crew conforming to provisions of the transportation department of State Council, and necessary navigations materials. According to national provisions, the scrapped ships cannot be used for navigation or operation.The transportation ships must conform to the safety technical requirements and other conditions required by the transportation department of State Council, including ship strength, stability, draught, firefighting and lifesaving.The crew shall have professional training about marine traffic safety, and the crew shipping dangerous cargoes shall have related special trainings, pass the exams of marine administration organization and only become a mariner after getting related certificates of competency. Any crew without certificates of competency or other licenses is not allowed to get on board.(3) Emergency facilities for accidental spillAt present, large rescue and salvage ships and devices have been provided in the emergency system of Fuyang Maritime Safety Administration. For accident handling and rescue on the channel, the maritime authority will play a major role. The project company shall cooperate with Fuyang Maritime Safety Administration in the equipment system, formulate a cooperation plan to facilitate allocation of emergency teams and devices.For the accident occurring on the channel, the project company shall provide necessary emergency rescue devices and instruments at the ship lock administration office to facilitate emergency help. They mainly include emergency vehicles for protection and handling, antidotes, solid and liquid substance cleaning and recovering devices, rubber plugs and sandbags; the emergency devices to be provided for this project are listed in Table 7-1.Tab. 7-12Emergency Devices Recommended by Yangqiao Ship Lock Administration OfficeSNEquipment nameQuantityFee (10,000 Yuan)1ChemicalsSome12.02Respirator120.483Transportable fire extinguisher33.04Rubber plug and sandbagSome1.05Other emergency devices (cleaning and recovering devices)3 sets30.06Emergency ambulance1 unit20.066.48(4) To ensure that help can be received in case of emergency in the water area, Fuyang local marine bureau and the ship lock administration office shall set an emergency office and assign someone to be in charge. Meanwhile, set the patrol boat; once emergency occurs in the water area, it shall timely report local government, the Maritime Safety Administration and the EPA of Fuyang, actively organize emergency actions, timely salvage and rescue sunk articles, to ensure the waters environment is safe and the channel is unobstructed.(5) The chemical materials transported by this channel are mainly methanol, urea and synthesis ammonia. Investigation finds that all of such raw materials are held in sealed containers; after shipwreck, leak is unlikely to occur, but timely salvaging is required to prevent them from being flushed away. In case of leak, an accident affected zone is divided, the neighboring inhabitants are informed that the water in the Fenquan River may not be used; after the accident is dealt with, the inhabitants will be notified again.7.7.3. Environment Risk Emergency PlanTo address unexpected pollution incidents, strengthen emergency handling and minimize the hazard of pollution, according to the Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China, the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Traffic Safety in Inland Waters, Overall Emergency Plan for State Public Emergency (2006.1.8) by the State Council, the Measures for the Information Report of Environmental Emergencies (For Trial Implementation) by the State Environmental Protection Administration, the Provisions of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Vessel Pollution of the Inland Water Environment by the Ministry of Communications, a contingency plan against dangerous chemical accidents shall be formulated. This project shall be incorporated into the local emergency plan for the public accident and the emergency plan for the public accident department. Carry out emergency deployment according to the emergency requirements and provisions to cargo ship by PRC marine bureau, establish corresponding emergency mechanism, including emergency command center, first-aid rescue team, emergency reserve team and emergency maintenance team. See Figure 7-6 for the facilities and workflow.709930130810Fuyang local marine bureauYangqiao Ship lock Administration OfficeEmergency Response Office for the WatersTransport shipWaters accident site00Fuyang local marine bureauYangqiao Ship lock Administration OfficeEmergency Response Office for the WatersTransport shipWaters accident siteFig. 7-6 Flow Chart of Emergency OrganizationThe Emergency Response Office for the Waters shall carry out frequent water traffic safety regulations publicity and accident prevention, and organize related experts to compile and complete Overwater Major Accident Emergency Response Plan, to make the rescue work to be carried out quickly, orderly and effectively and the persons, ships, facilities and cargoes in danger have timely and effectively aid, to avoid or reduce state and people's life and property loss and water pollution, and guarantee the safety and smoothness of the navigation water area.7.8 Analysis of indirect effects and cumulative effectsWith the implementation of this project, the Fenquan River channel will have a rapid-development period; it will have inductive effect to the cargo ships in Fenquan River, and a lot of cargo ships will be put into use due to the opening of Yangqiao ship lock, which will bring new environmental pressure to this region and thus have cumulative impact to the water quality of Fenquan River and environment along the channel. The current channel of Quan River bends somewhere with the minimum bending radius of around 100m, which imposes a certain impact on sailing boats and ships. In addition, the initial stage of the Quan River channel improvement project is under implementation, and it is believed that the further implementation of the Quan River channel improvement project will impose cumulative impact on the environment of Fenquan River and its beaches.In view of the new ship lock engineering, its influence to the region along the channel of Fenquan River is small; but with the full openness to ships, the huge increase of cargo ships will have impact to the environment of Fenquan River, and the impact might have cumulative act to the regional environment from the angles of space and time.7.8.1 Scope DefinitionThe cumulative impact comes from the crowding effect of environmental disturbance at space (geography) and time. If the ecological system has not fully recovered from the influence caused by first disturbance and gets the second disturbance at the same location, then the effect caused by human activities will be accumulated.Cumulative impact identificationAccording to the "To Consider Cumulative Impacts under National environment" report issued by Council of Environmental Quality (CEQ) in 1997, there are eight types of cumulative impacts, as shown in Table 7-13.Tab. 7-1 3Cumulative Impact TypesTypeKey featureExample1Time crowdThe environment suffers from frequent and repeated influencesThe deforestation speed exceeds the tree regenerating speed2Time lagInfluence lagContact with carcinogens3Crowded spaceThe influence space density to an environment system is very highDischarge pollutants to the river in a non-point source manner4Crossing borderThe impact shows in the place far away from the impact sourceSettlement of acid rain5BrokenLandscape pattern changesHistorical city is broking6Composition effectImpact caused by multiple impact sources or many pathsSynergistic effect between pesticides7Indirect influenceSecondary effectBusiness development of highway construction induction8Trigger and threshold valueSystem behavior and structure have fundamental changeGlobal climate changeThe effects of Yangqiao lock expansion project on environment is short, partial and recoverable, so such effects of this project on local environment focus on the operation period. After the lock is completed, the ship type sailed in the channel will become larger, the number of ships will increase and the quantity of cargoes crossing the lock will rise sharply due to the inductive effect of freight ships in Fenquan River. The current channel of Quan River bends somewhere with the minimum bending radius of around 100m, which imposes a certain impact on economic efficiency of Yangqiao lock. In addition, the initial stage of the Quan River channel improvement project is under implementation, and it is believed that Yangqiao lock construction can further promote the implementation of the Quan River channel improvement project. Therefore, the cumulative environmental effects caused by this project, channels and port areas include as follows:①The cumulative impacts to ecological environment: impact to the wild animals (especially ) in this area; meanwhile, the ship lock may have blocking effect to Fenquan River, which might influence the aquatic ecology and fish breeding migration;The potential hazards to the ecological environment of the channel due to shipping dangerous chemicals.②The cumulative impacts to atmospheric environment: the fuel waste gas discharged by the ships in the channel and the vehicle transportation on the wharf might cause the NOx accumulation in the local atmospheric environment; Vehicle exhaust, road dust, dust of mineral construction materials and coal dust resulting from port roads, yards, etc.③Cumulative effects on the water environment: the cumulative effects on the water environment of Fenquan River resulting from domestic waste water produced by crew, terrestrial domestic waste water produced by the port area, rain and sewage drainage regarding yards, etc. = 4 \* GB3 ④The cumulative impacts to social environment: with the implementation of this project and increase of shipment quantity, it will have great boosting to the regional economy.Evaluation of space scope and time scopeSee Table 7-14 for the space scope and time scope of cumulative impact analysis in this evaluation.Tab. 7-14Space Scope and Time Scope of Cumulative Impact AnalysisCumulative impactSpace scopeTime scopeEcological environmentThe whole channel of Fenquan RiverAfter the completion and operation of ship lockAtmospheric environmentDistricts and counties along the channelAfter the completion and operation of ship lockWater environmentFenquan River Social environmentDistricts and counties along the channelAfter the completion and operation of ship lockWith the development of scientific and technological level and the promotion of high technology, the future inland river ships and vehicles will be environmental protected and energy-saving, and the discharged air pollutants will be smaller and smaller; and with the openness to navigation in the Fenquan River channel, the urbanization along the channel will be greatly accelerated; by the planned late phase, the service area and ports along the Fenquan River channel will have already had the conditions and the sewage can be discharged to the municipal pipe network for unified management. Therefore, this evaluation focuses on the 5-year cumulative environmental impact from the completion of the ship lock (about in 2015) to the planned middle phase (in 2020).7.8.2 Cumulative Environmental Impact Analysis(1) Cumulative impact analysis of ecological environment1) Impact on beach wetlandAccording to field survey and department visits, Fenquan River has experienced multiple times of artificial make-over, renovation and construction in the past and there were frequent human activities; the ecological environment along the channel is mainly artificial ecosystem, and the terrestrial animals in the area are mainly common species and ordinary species; from the angle of living species, this project will not cause the reduction of population quantity of plants and terrestrial animals. The engineering operation will not have obvious cumulative impacts to beach wetland vegetation and wild animal habitat along the channel.2) Impact on aquatic organismGenerally, for breeding migrated fishes or the fishes with very large activity space, the ship lock construction might block their breeding migration or living space; but the blocking effect during the operation of the ship lock is temporary, and fishes will smoothly pass the ship lock by regular lock opening and water discharge; therefore, the ship lock's blocking influence to fish breeding migration or activities is very small.Thus, Yangqiao ship lock has small blocking influence to the fish breeding migration or activities.3）See Clause 7.7 for the analysis on ecological environment impact of hazardous chemical substance ship.(2) Cumulative impact analysis of atmospheric environmentThe cumulative impacts to atmospheric environment: the fuel waste gas discharged by the ships in the channel and the vehicle transportation on the ports and wharf along the channel might cause the NOx accumulation in the local atmospheric environment. After the project starts to operation, some cargoes previously transported to the Linquan County by land way will be transported by waterway. After the land way transportation becomes waterway transportation, the pollutant volume and cost to transport each ton of cargoes will be significantly fall. In addition, the perennial prevailing wind direction in Linquan county is east wind and the mean annual wind speed is 2.8m/s; the surrounding terrain is flat, the diluting capacity of air is strong, and the pollution source is mobile; both channel and wharf are located in rural area, far away from population centers. Therefore, the completion of this project will not lead to the NOx accumulation in the atmospheric environment in this area, which has small influence to the air environment in this region. Meanwhile, with the development of scientific and technological level and the promotion of high technology, the future inland river ships and vehicles will be environmental protected and energy-saving, and the discharged air pollutants will be smaller and smaller.Cumulative impact analysis of water environmentThe cumulative impacts of this project to Fenquan River environment are mainly the sewage discharge in channel service area and wharf. The sewage discharge after the operation of this project mainly includes land sewage and ship sewage. Because the ships shall be equipped with the appropriate treatment devices or storage containers for the domestic sewage output as required, which will collect the oily sewage and domestic sewage on the ship to the service area or port are for unified treatment without discharging to Fenquan River. Therefore, the ship lock operation's cumulative impact to Fenquan River water environment is acceptable.Cumulative impact analysis of social environmentWith the construction and operation of the ship lock, cargo transportation will reduce the dependence to highway, which will reduce the impact to residents along the highway due to large amount of cargo highway transportation. The overall navigation of Fenquan River will thus promote the economic construction and development in Fenquan County and the surrounding area, increase the employment rate of the area and the economic development in this area.7.8.3 Cumulative Environmental Impact ConclusionBased on the analysis above, the construction and operation of this project will not have obvious cumulative impact to the regional ecological environment, atmospheric environment and water environment. Meanwhile, the build-up and operation of this project will promote the economic development of Linquan County.8 Water and Soil Conservation8.1 Water and Soil Loss Current Situation in the Project Area8.1.1 Zones to Control Water and Soil LossesAccording to the water and soil conservation function division specified in Notice on Division of State-Level Water and Soil Loss Key Prevention and Treatment Areas and People's Government of Anhui Province's Notice on Division of State-Level Water and Soil Loss Key Prevention and Treatment Areas and Strengthening of Water and Soil Conservation Work, this area does not belong to state-level or province-level water and soil loss key prevention and protection area, key treatment area or key supervision area; so the area is not the key prevention and treatment area for water and soil loss.8.1.2 Water and Soil Loss Current SituationAccording to the data released by the national spatial data publishing system of soil and water conservation in the Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Center of Ministry of Water Resources and the Anhui Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Bulletin issued by Water Resources Department of Anhui Province in December, 2005, Linquan county, the project area, is the area of no obvious erosion.According to Standards for classification and gradation of soil erosion, this project area belongs to earth-rock mountain region in North China, and its soil erosion is mainly water erosion; the pattern of manifestation is mainly surface erosion, then liner erosion; the admissible value for water and soil loss is 200t/k㎡·a. The compiling organization carried out an investigation to the water and soil loss background value of the project area, the project area is covered by a large amount of crops and a few arbors; the erosion is not very strong, and the soil erosion module is about 200t/k㎡·a. Via the field investigation and local department, we think the soil erosion module is basically consistent.8.2 Water and Soil Loss Factor AnalysisThe water and soil loss current situation in the project area is mainly water erosion because of natural factor and anthropogenic factor. Natural factors are the precondition for the occurrence of water and soil loss, and the anthropogenic factors play a dominant role in the occurrence and development of water and soil loss.8.2.1 Natural FactorsThe natural factors influencing water and soil loss during the project area include precipitation, soil, vegetation and landform. The topsoil stripping, excavation, filling and spoil works in the construction area will destroy the original landform and vegetation of the topsoil; are surface, loose structure, weakening topsoil anti-erosion ability, raindrop hit and runoff flushing, all of these will lead to water and soil loss. The normal mean amount of precipitation in the project area is 895.0mm, the precipitation amount in flood season (from June to September) takes account 60% or more of annual amount of precipitation; during the flood season, the precipitation is centralized, intensified and has great erosion to soil. During rainy season, the topsoil is in the moist state, its anti-erosion ability is poor, and severe soil erosion will happen if any rainstorm.The soil in the project area is mainly gravel soil, and the land here is basically cultivated land with large coverage of crops; it is not good for the control of water and soil loss. The above four aspects, landform, precipitation, ground substance composition and vegetation, constitute the natural factors of water and soil loss. 8.2.2 Anthropogenic FactorsThe construction activities will temporarily throw aside a lot of spoil and offscum, and once they are flushed by rainstorm and surface runoff, the loose and bare soil will have intense erosion even the terrain is flat.This project includes removal of old ship lock, excavation of approach channel, ground leveling, foundation pit excavation of buildings, layout pf temporarily built facilities, road construction and layout of spoil area. The earthwork excavation and filling workload is big and it is disperse; if no related water and soil conservation measure is taken, it will cause water and soil loss very easily, destroy the local ecological environment, influence the productivity of the surrounding farmland, and might endanger the surrounding channel safety.See Table 8-1 for water and soil loss factor analysis in the project area.Tab. 8-1Water and Soil Loss Factor Analysis in the Project AreaFactorFactor of influenceWater and soil loss factor analysisNatural factorPrecipitationThe precipitation amount in flood season (from June to September) takes account 60% or more of annual amount of precipitation, which is 895mmLandformThe project area belongs to Huaibei alluvial plain and its micro landform is inter-channel flat ground and flood plainSoilThe soil type is mainly gravel soilVegetationThe main vegetation is crops and some of the project area is forest and grass land.Anthropogenic factorEngineering constructionEngineering construction itselfThe removal of old ship lock, the excavation of approach channel, the excavation of building foundation pit, the road construction and spoil all disturb the surface and destroys the vegetation to different extent, and accelerate the water and soil lossImperfect soil conservation measuresThe temporary water and soil conservation measures are not complete and the vegetation measure has hysteretic function exertion8.3 Water and Soil Loss Features1. During the construction preparation period, the main activities include old ship lock removal, removal of attachments or transplantation of the planted arbors and shrubs on approach channel side slope, construction production/living area and spoil area. Due to the original land is disturbed, the covering stuffs (buildings and vegetation) are removed, a large area of land will be completely exposed, which is easily leading to water and soil loss.2. During the civil engineering construction period, there are approach channel excavation expanding, a lot of structure building engineering and side slope works; therefore, a lot of original landforms are disturbed, and there are space and time differences between the excavation and filling; the bare soil or spoil are easily leading to new water and soil loss.3. During the natural restoration period, the excavation and filling disturbance to topsoil are all done, and the zones respectively carry out protection measures; the forest and grass vegetation has been restored and begins to be useful; the water and soil loss can be significantly reduced.4. After the project is completed, most of the grounds of works organizations will have been occupied or used by the buildings; the bare soil will be carried out with prevention and treatment by engineering measures and plant measures and there is also greening on the empty ground in this area; the spoil area vegetation will be basically restored, and there will be no spoil during the operation period or any new water and soil loss.8.4 Water and Soil Loss Prediction Scope and Time FrameAccording to the construction features of this project and its water and soil loss prevention and treatment responsible scope, the prediction scope of water and soil loss is channel engineering area, embankment engineering area, highway bridge and wiring area, ship lock administration area, construction production/living area, and spoil area (including temporary soil pile zone). The water and soil loss volumes are predicted respectively based on construction preparation period, civil engineering construction period and natural recovery period. According to the schedule of the single projects, see Table 8-2 for the water and soil loss partition prediction time frames in construction period and natural restoration periodTab. 8-2Water Losses and Soil Prediction Time Frame TableSNConstruction periodPrediction partitionPrediction periodPrediction year number (a)1Construction preparation periodChannel project area2013.10~2013.120.5Construction production and living quarters2013.10~2013.120.5Spoil area2013.10~2013.120.52Civil engineering construction periodChannel project area2014.1~2015.61.5Embankment project area2014.5~2015.61.5Highway bridge and wiring area2015.1~2015.50.5Ship lock administration area2015.3~2015.81.0Construction production and living quarters2013.12~2015.82.0Spoil area2013.12~2015.82.03Natural restoration periodChannel project area2 years after the engineering construction disturbance in this unit2.0Embankment project area2 years after the engineering construction disturbance in this unit2.0Highway bridge and wiring area2 years after the engineering construction disturbance in this unit2.0Ship lock administration area2 years after the engineering construction disturbance in this unit2.0Spoil area2 years after the engineering construction disturbance in this unit2.08.5 Water and Soil Loss PredictionSoil Erosion Module Determination1. Native landscape soil erosion moduleBased on field investigation, the module can be determined by the landform, soil type, local precipitation, vegetation coverage, ground substance composition and management measures in the construction area. This project area is light erosion area and the native landscape soil erosion module in the project area is 200t/k㎡·a.2. Soil erosion module after the disturbanceThe erosion module after the disturbance shall be analyzed with analogy method and determined after comparing with other projects; the comparing project for this project is Linhuaigang project.Analogy condition analysisAfter field investigation and reference to related documents, there are similarities between the two projects, including landform, hydro meteorology, soil, vegetation, and water and soil loss; their construction features are similar and can have very good analogy.Analogy engineering monitoring dataThe Linhuaigang flood control project started in December, 2001 and ended when all works were completed and accepted in June, 2006, 55 months in total; the main contents of the engineering construction included: filling 8.54km of main dam, 8.41km of auxiliary dam and earth dam, reinforcing and reconstructing the auxiliary dam, reinforcing 49 shallow-hole locks, building the deep-hole locks, Linhuaigang ship lock and Jiangtang Lake flood intake gate, reinforcing the tail bay of the original ship lock, building closed bank, expanding the excavation of 14.38km of downstream irrigation channel and related utility project. Since 2001, the Huanhe River Water Conservancy Committee Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Central Station has been monitored the soil erosion in the construction area and administration area of Linhuaigang project using the ground observation method and investigation and monitoring method according to the requirements in Water and Soil Conservation Monitoring Technical Regulations.Tab. 8-3 Basic Information Table of This Project's Water and Soil Loss Prediction and Analogy EngineeringItemYangqiao Ship lock extension projectLinhuaigang projectGeographical positionIt is located on Fenquan River of Linquan County, Anhui Province, 85km away from nearest Huanhe River sectionIt is located in Huoqiu County of Anhui Province, 28km away from Zhengyangguan in the northLandform and land featureHuaibei alluvial plain areaMidstream plain area of Huanhe River main streamHydro meteorologyIt is located in the zone of transition from temperate zone to the subtropical zone, and it is semi-humid monsoon climate zone of warm temperature region. The mean annual wind speed is 2.8m/s, and the maximum wind speed over the years is 20m/s; the prevailing wind direction is northeaster. The mean annual precipitation amount is 895.0mm and the months with large precipitation are June, July, August and September, which occupies 60% of the annual precipitation amount.It is located in the zone of transition from north to south in China, and it is semi-humid monsoon climate zone of warm temperature region. In summers and falls, the southeaster or east wind is prevailing in the region, and the normal mean wind speed in the barrage area is 3m/s. The precipitation spatial and temporal distribution in the drainage basin and the mean amount of precipitation is 1000mm, occurring at June ~ September.SoilThe project area is mainly gravel soilThe project area is mainly grey tide soilVegetationThe zonal vegetation in this region is deciduous broad-leaved forest zone; there are abundant vegetation resources, including artificially cultivated deciduous broad-leaved commercial forest and economic and all-around afforestation trees. There are Jing grass, bermuda grass and Cirsium segetum. The current vegetation coverage rate is as high as 17.3%.There are plenty of plant resources, including 1056 kinds of herbaceous plants among 2000 kinds of spermatophyte. The secondary growth plants are in majority and only a small number of native vegetation are kept in the north slope of Dabie Mountain, including Xiangshu fruit and Lianxiangmu under national reserve.Water and soil lossThe water and soil loss is mainly due to water erosion and the soil erosion intensity is tiny. The soil erosion module allowable value is 200t/k㎡·a. Current soil erosion module allowable value is 200t/k㎡·a.The water and soil loss is mainly due to water erosion and the soil erosion intensity is light and tiny. The soil erosion module allowable value is 200t/k㎡·a. Current soil erosion module allowable value is 200~1200t/k㎡·a.Soil erosion module determination after the disturbanceCompare the landforms, erosion intensities and climates of the project and Huanhe River Linhuaigang flood control project and the Linhuaigang project is detected on the premise that the water and soil conservation measures have been implemented; therefore, the disturbed soil erosion modules of the regions in this project shall be adjusted and see Table 8-4 and 8-5 for the adjusted soil erosion modules of the construction periods and natural recovery periods in the project.Tab. 8-4Soil Erosion Module Computation Sheet during Construction PeriodPrediction unitAnalogy engineering similar unitAnalogy soil erosion moduleCorrection coefficientSoil erosion moduleProtective measuresLandform and land featureRaining conditionsErosion intensityChannel project areaApproach channel engineering construction area30331.51.01.01.04550Embankment project areaNorth auxiliary dam area26331.51.01.01.03950Highway bridge and wiring areaTemporary road and camp23001.51.01.01.03450Ship lock administration areaBuilding area40331.51.01.01.06050Construction production and living quartersTemporary road and camp23001.51.01.01.03450Spoil areaMud-dumping areaMud discharge area29001.51.01.01.04350Soil pile zone (ground)Soil pile zone (ground)35001.51.01.01.05250Soil pile zone (slope)Soil pile zone (slope)85001.51.01.01.012750Tab. 8-5Soil Erosion Module Computation Sheet during Natural Recovery PeriodPrediction unitAnalogy engineering similar unitAnalogy soil erosion moduleCorrection coefficientSoil erosion moduleProtective measuresLandform and land featureRaining conditionsErosion intensityChannel project areaApproach channel engineering construction area15001.51.01.01.02250Embankment project areaNorth auxiliary dam area21501.51.01.01.03230Highway bridge and wiring areaTemporary road and camp9001.51.01.01.01350Ship lock administration areaBuilding area12101.51.01.01.01820Spoil areaSpoil disposal area15001.51.01.01.022508.5.2 Prediction of area of the disturbance earth's surface and the area of the damaged water and soil conservation facilities1. Area of the disturbance earth's surfaceThe disturbance and destruction of this project to the original landform, land and vegetation are mainly caused by engineering, excavation and backfill. According to the master's feasibility study and calculation, the area of the disturbed original landform, land and vegetation in this project is 16.91h㎡, including the 6.91h㎡ of permanent land occupation and 10h㎡of temporary land occupation. See Table 8-6 for details.Tab. 8-6Area of the Disturbance Earth's Surface Statistical Table Of Statistics Of Yangqiao Ship Lock Extension ProjectProject partitionType of land occupation (hm2)TotalRemarksWater surfaceDry landGrass landLand for transportationLand for water facilitiesChannel project area0.250.530.462.143.38Permanent landEmbankment project area0.180.340.241.532.29Permanent landHighway bridge and wiring area0.060.420.48Permanent landShip lock administration area0.050.480.230.76Permanent land occupationSpoil area0.705.34.010Temporary land occupationTotal1.186.235.50.423.9016.912. The area of the damaged water and soil conservation facilitiesAccording to the notice of Anhui Province Charging Standards And Use and Administration Instruction for Water and Soil Conservation Facility Compensation Fees and Water and Soil Loss Prevention and Treatment Fees (WJF[2006]#160) and the analysis on production and construction land occupation types in the construction area, the main land occupation types are water surface, farmland, forest grassland, land for water conservancy facilities and small area of traffic land, and all land occupations are incorporated into the scope of water and soil conservation facilities except the water surface.During the constructing process of this project, the total area of water and soil conservation facilities to be damaged will be 13.40h㎡, including 5.25 h㎡of dry farmland, 3.83 h㎡of forest grassland, 3.90 h㎡of land for water conservancy facilities, and 0.42 h㎡land for traffic.8.5.3 Prediction results of water losses and soil erosionBased on the prediction, the total possible water and soil losses during the construction are 2081t, including the native losses are 89t; and new losses are 1992t. See Table 8-7 for the water and soil loss partition prediction results in construction period and natural restoration period.Tab. 8-7Water and Soil Loss Partition Prediction Results in Construction Period and Natural Restoration PeriodPrediction partitionPrediction periodWater and soil loss area (h㎡)Native erosion module (t/k㎡·a)Soil erosion module after the disturbance (t/k㎡·a)Prediction period time frame (a)Water and soil loss volumeBackground valueTotal quantityNewly increasedChannel project areaConstruction preparation period3.3815045500.537774Civil engineering construction area3.3815045501.58231223Natural restoration period3.3815022502.010152142Subtotal20460439Embankment project areaCivil engineering construction period2.2915039501.55136131Natural restoration period2.2915032302.07148141Subtotal12284272Highway bridge and wiring areaCivil engineering construction period0.4815034500.5088Natural restoration period0.1415013502.0043Subtotal11211Ship lock administration areaConstruction preparation period0.5315034500.5099Old ship lock administration areaCivil engineering construction area0.2315060501.001414Construction production and living quartersCivil engineering construction area0.5315034502.023735Natural restoration period0.4815018202.011716Summary47773Construction preparation period7.6715043500.56167161Mud-dumping areaCivil engineering construction period5.7515043502.017500483Temporary soil pile zone (top)Civil engineering construction period1.6915052502.05177172Temporary soil pile zone (slope)Civil engineering construction period0.23150127502.015958Natural restoration period7.6715022502.023345322Subtotal5212481197Total89208119928.6 Water and Soil Loss Hazard PredictionAccording to the above water and soil loss prediction results, combine the landform and geological conditions of the project area to analyze the possible water and soil loss hazards caused in the engineering construction. During the construction period of this project, if the construction organization does not take effective protection measures, there will be new water and soil loss with the action of rainfall, which will bring adverse impact to the project area and local land and water resources and ecological environment. The main hazards are:1. Possible hazards to the project's itselfIntensify water and soil loss and influence the engineering construction. The removal of old ship lock, excavation of approach channel, ground leveling, foundation pit excavation of buildings, layout pf temporarily built facilities, road construction and layout of spoil area during the engineering construction, which disturb the original soil layer, destroy the soil structure, seriously influence its stability, and create conditions for the aggravation of water and soil loss. Especially for the large area of exposed earth surface and the temporary stacking side slope for earthwork dumping, if there is rainstorm, with the flushing and rain drops and surface runoff, the sand will directly enter into the lock chamber and approach channel, leading to the deposition of chamber and downstream approach channel, which will interfere the pass-by of the ships and have extreme adverse influence to the construction and operation of this project.2. Possible hazards to the project's land and water resourcesAccelerate the land fertility loss and reduce the land farming ability. During the construction process, the original landform in the area will be disturbed, and the aboveground vegetation and soil layer will be destroyed, which lead to the reduction of organism, microorganism and their derivatives; thus the site conditions are degenerating, which does not only influence the agricultural production and also brings difficulties to the vegetation restoration and land rehabilitation.3. Possible hazards to the project's ecological environmentThe area of the disturbance earth's surface of this project is 14.58h㎡, and the area of the damaged water and soil conservation facilities is 13.40h㎡. The disturbed surface area and earthwork work amount of the engineering construction are large, which will severely disturb the original land feature, destroys a large area of vegetation, significantly reduces the anti-erosion ability of the topsoil, and extremely easy to cause water and soil loss. In particular, the dumped mud filling of spoil area might cause the increase of suspended matters in waters, other organic and inorganic pollutants, which makes the service function of the water environment fall and leads to the further degeneration of the ecological environment in the project area.4. Possible hazards to the downstream and surrounding regionsIt increases ditch deposition, which influences the downstream safety. The old ship lock removal and approach channel construction process will produce a lot of rocks, offscum, spoil and extra earthwork, which shall be delivered and stacked in the spoil area; if the timely and effective construction management and protecting measures are not taken, a lot of sand will be brought to the downstream ditches and channel with the act of rainfall and surface runoff, which will lead to deposition and be not good for flood discharging; it will aggravate the flood disaster, threaten the life and property safety of the downstream people, and go against the harmonious development of the surrounding region.8.7 Measures to Control Water and Soil Losses8.7.1 General Arrangement for Water and Soil Conservation MeasuresOn the basis of analysis and evaluation to the protection measures with water and soil conservation functions to the main works, combine with the partition of prevention and treatment areas, construction features different individual engineering and the existing control measures, and put forward the water and soil conservation measures in the zones. Via combination of water and soil conservation engineering measures and vegetation measures, reasonably lay out, form complete water and soil conservation measures and prevention and treatment system, and realize good prevention and treatment effect.Channel project areaEngineering measures: use stone blocks with cement mortar and placed rock fill for river bottom protection on the location near the ship lock head in the approach channel; use placed rock fill for protection above the low water level of the upstream and downstream of the flow separating bank; use precast concrete block for protection on the side slopes of the upstream and downstream approach channel and the internal side slope within a certain scope of the approach channel straightway; set the field drainage measures on the earth filling platform on the sides of lock chamber.Vegetation measures: plant both arbors and shrubs on the filled earth on both sides of the lock chamber; plant arbors on the water side of the ship-parking platform on the left side of downstream approach channel, and shrubs on the inside;Provisional measures: upstream and downstream construction water retaining cofferdam slope protection.Embankment project areaEngineering measures: for the embankment and slope on both sides of the upstream and downstream, use precast concrete grid grass slope protection;Vegetation measures: sow grass seeds the bank platform and the side slopes, combine with precast concrete grid for comprehensive protection, and the other bare slopes use grass protection.Provisional measures: carry out topsoil stripping before the construction, and transport to temporary soil pile zone for storage and later for refilling and greening.Highway bridge and wiring areaEngineering measures: use precast concrete block slope protection for the protection of the side slopes of the connecting part between the highway bridge and road, and set drainage works on both sides of the road.Vegetation measures: plant grasses on both sides of the highway and the side slopes of both sides, and plant street trees;Provisional measures: carry out topsoil stripping before the construction, and transport to temporary soil pile zone for centralized stacking; consider construction period obstructs, covers and other temporary protection facilities. Ship lock administration areaEngineering measures: use precast concrete block in the right temporary side slope of the administration region for protection, set drainage ditch inside the walls, and connect it with the embankment drainage system;Vegetation measures: use arbors, shrubs, grasses around the buildings of the administration area for greening and beautification.Provisional measures: construction temporary drainage combines with permanent drainage facilities, and particularly consider construction period obstructs, covers and other temporary protection facilities.Construction production and living quartersEngineering measures: after the construction is done, remove the temporarily built facilities and carry out land reclamation;Vegetation measures: it shall be incorporated into the uniform consideration of afforestation and beautification and ship lock administration area;Provisional measures: set temporary drainage and de-silting measures around the site.Spoil areaEngineering measures: after the construction is done, carry out land reclamation, second ploughing or recovery of original landform;Vegetation measures: carry out vegetation recovery to the forests and grasses within the land occupation;Provisional measures: carry out topsoil stripping before the construction, and transport to temporary soil pile zone for centralized stacking; set straw-earth cofferdam around the mud-dumping area and consider the temporary drainage; and set obstructs, drainage, de-silting and covers around the temporary soil pile zone.8.7.2 Plant SelectionAccording to local natural conditions, greening purpose and protection goals, select the varieties of trees and grasses with considering the water and soil conservation function and the requirement of afforestation and beautification. Considering that the excavation, backfill and stacking during the construction might destroy the soil structure and make the soil infertile, the selection principles of varieties of trees and grasses during the layout of plant measures:① In order to enhance the greening survival rate, the local trees and grasses or the ones have been widely used there shall be the first choice; they shall have strong soil fixation and slope protection functions with thriving roots and tight grass sward. It shall be trample resist and have strong expansion capability. It has strong adaptability to soil and climate conditions. The plant diseases and insect pests shall be lighter and easy to manage after planting.② Follow the principles of environment protection and beautification, and the evergreen tree shall occupy a certain proportion; if the conditions are permitted, the construction organization can introduce some new trees and grasses to meet the requirements of biodiversity and afforestation and beautification.③ The tree selection shall be carried out according to circumstances by fully considering the stress resistance of varieties of trees to make sure that the afforestation project has continuous and stable effect and the soil fixation and protection functions combines with environment effect; during the varieties of trees selection process, the construction organization shall fully make sure that they have strong roots. Select the beautiful and hygienic tree varieties and pay attention to the coordination between layers. From the proportion between arbors and shrubs, the arbors will be the major, and the grass will be auxiliary, which forms multi-storied greening; from the proportion of the fast-growing and slow-growing, the slow-growing trees shall prevail and reasonably use the fast-growing trees as compensation to get greening effect and stable greening function as soon as possible.Based on the principles above and field survey, the water and soil conservation plan will select Magnolia grandiflora, camphor tree, cedar, populus tomentosa and weeping willow as arbors, amorpha fruticosa, Buxus sinica and varparvifolia, leaf privet as shrub trees, and Chinese rose and sweet-scented osmanthus as shrubby flowers.8.7.3 Water and Soil Conservation Work AmountThe water and soil conservation measures include the extra protection of approach channel side slope and flat ground behind the slope, drainage and greening of both sides of the roads, greening of bare region under the access bridge, drainage on both sides of the construction roads, temporary bar for soil pile, greening of the spoil area and drainage facilities of construction site.The main work amounts for water and soil conservation are stated as below:Engineering measures: 8.20h㎡ of land reclamation, 1560m? of earth excavation, 3870m? of precast concrete blocks, 1470m? of precast concrete square grid, 710m? of placed rock fill, 790m? of 790m? cement laid stone masonry, 170m? of M5 mortar flag stone, and 3945m? of broken stone hardcore;Vegetation measures: to plant 6190 arbors, 560 shrubs, flowering plants and hedges, 18kg of amorpha fruticosa seeds, 451kg bermuda grass seeds, and 0.2h㎡bermuda grass turf;Provisional measures: 22,600 m? topsoil stripping, 3410m? earth excavation, 7120m? earthwork filling, 2000㎡ color plate, 22,000㎡ color band cloth, 215m? bag soil, and 2150 woven bags.9 Environmental Management and MonitoringExecution of environmental management and monitoring plan provides a guarantee in technology, method and resources for prevention of environmental pollution, and timely correct the deviation during management, making it more targeted and effective, so as to reach the purpose of pollution control and environmental protection. 9.1 Regulatory Agency and Its DutiesThe following organizations are responsible for environmental management during the construction period: APPSCI, Contractor, ESE and External Environmental Consultant (EEC) (see Fig. 9-1). APPSCI takes environmental management responsibilities during the operation period.-424180157480Fig. 9-1 Environmental Management System during Construction PeriodAnhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment GroupESEContractorEMSEECTransport Department of Anhui Province TDA Foreign investment Administration office00Fig. 9-1 Environmental Management System during Construction PeriodAnhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment GroupESEContractorEMSEECTransport Department of Anhui Province TDA Foreign investment Administration officeThe following information describes the specific responsibilities of the above stakeholders.(1) Anhui Provincial Transport Dept. (Foreign Investment Administration Office) Transport Department of Anhui Province is ultimately responsible for conducting, administering and supervising environmental management for the Project through the Foreign Investment Administration Office (“FIAO”). Also, the FIAO is responsible for liaising and coordinating with the World Bank.(2) Anhui Provincial Port & Shipping Construction Investment Group (APPSCI) APPSCI is responsible for total environmental management at the construction stage. An Environmental Protection Branch accountable to one or two Environmental Management Commissioners (“Commissioner”) will be set up as a subordinate to the APPSCI Project Office. The Commissioner takes the following responsibilities:Under the supervision and instruction of the APPSCI Project Office as well as provincial/local/municipal level-environmental protection authorities, forestry administrations and water conservation authorities, the Commissioner is responsible for total environmental management. During the construction period, the Commissioner shall submit to the Transport Department of Anhui Province environmental management & monitoring reports on an annual basis, or data required for preparation of such reports on a semiannual basis. The Commissioner shall employ environmental monitoring agencies to conduct environmental monitoring during the construction period and provide support for environmental monitoring work. The Commissioner shall ensure that the environmental management plans are included in the bid proposals and the Agreement apart from supervision of the pollution prevention & control measures adopted by the Contractor. In case that any construction team breaches the environmental protection regulations or fails to take pollution control & prevention measures, the Commissioner shall immediately notify the construction team and the APPSCI Project Office. In case of any pollution incidents, the Commissioner shall assist in addressing the incident. The Commissioner shall ensure the environmental management plans are included in bid proposals and the Project Supervision Agreement. The Commissioner will supervise and participate in project supervision. The Commissioner shall employ external environmental consultants (EEC) to provide onsite technical support, supervision and instructions during the construction period. Also, the EECs shall review the implementation of the environmental protection measures. The Commissioner shall provide the Contractor with environmental protection instructions and on-the-job training for project supervisors and the Contractor. The Commissioner also assists the Owner to prepare semi-annual reports.(3) Contractor The Contractor is responsible for implementing specific environmental pollution control measures detailed in the environmental management plans and the Agreement, making environmental working plans for the Agreement, reporting to the Project Supervision Engineer on newly-emerging environmental problems or cultural relics discovered by chance during construction, and coordinating & communicating with local stakeholders on a continuous basis. The Contractor shall require the Subcontractors to appoint one or two full-time environmental monitors to in charge of environmental management and provide periodical training for workmen and foremen.(4) Environmental Supervision Engineer (ESE)The Project Supervision Company shall, as specified by the Agreement, appoint an Environmental Supervision Engineer (ESE) to be in charge of the following responsibilities: The ESE will, on behalf of the APPSCI Project Office, assess whether the Project design complies with the requirements of the environmental impact assessment and the environmental management plans, especially the requirements for Site environmental managements and environmental impact control measures. The ESE will supervise the Contractor’s Site environmental management system (including performance, experience and incident responses) and give directives on remediation, if applicable. The ESE will supervise the Contractor’s implementation of the environmental management plans and inspect & confirm the procedure, parameters, places, equipment and results relevant to the environmental supervision plans. The ESE shall report to the APPSCI Project Office on the execution of the environmental management plans.(5) External Environmental Consultant (EEC) The APPSCI Project Office will employ external environmental consultants (EEC) to supervise the execution of environmental management plans. The EEC directly enters into the Consultancy Agreement with the Owner and assumes responsibility independent of the Contractor and the Project Supervision Engineer. The following is the duties of an EEC. An EEC assists the Owner to provide training and consultation services. An EEC reviews the environmental protection measures taken by the Contractor on the advice of the Project Supervision Engineer. An EEC assists with the preparation and submission of semiannual reports to the APPSCI Project Office and the World Bank.(6) Environmental Monitoring Agency The APPSCI Project Office employs an environmental monitoring agency to execute the environmental monitoring plans prescribed by the environmental management plans.(7) Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Dept. and Municipal/County-level Environmental Protection Bureaus The Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Dept. is responsible for supervising and managing the environmental protection work of the Project, coordinating with relevant organizations and entities to provide environmental protection services, reviewing environmental impact reports, supervising the execution of environmental action plans, conducting acceptance test for environmental protection facilities built for the Project, confirming the applicable environmental laws, regulations and standards, and guiding municipal/county-level environmental protection bureaus to supervise environmental management during the construction and operation period. Fuyang Environmental Protection Bureau and Liquan Environmental Protection Bureau accept the work guide form Anhui Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, to supervise the construction organization to execute the environment action plan, implement the related environmental management rules and norms; coordinate the environmental protection work among different departments; be responsible for check and supervising the construction, completion and operating of environmental facilities of the projects within the administrative divisions. During the operating, ship lock operating company will be established after completion of Yangqiao ship lock project, which is Yangqiao Ship Lock Operation Company provisionally, provided with a director and a vice director, as well as four functional departments. The specific organizational chart is: Yangqiao Ship Lock Operating CompanyGeneral Dept.Operating Scheduling Dept.Finance Dept. Engineering Technology Dept.Yangqiao Ship Lock Operating CompanyGeneral Dept.Operating Scheduling Dept.Finance Dept. Engineering Technology Dept.During the operating, the construction organization will set up Yangqiao Ship Lock Operating Company and be responsible for its daily operating, management and repair. The management and protection scope: the embankment will be a boundary in the left, while on the right it takes 5m rightward of top of the excavation side slope of the approach channel, as well as the upstream and the downstream take the approach channel and the main point as the boundary respectively. 9.2 Environmental Supervising Agency and Plan9.2.1 Environmental Supervising Agency The project is a ship lock expansion one, to improve the navigation capacity of the ship lock. But the project will produce some bad influence on the regional environment around the project inevitably, therefore it is necessary to set up an environment management agency, to regularly or irregularly check the pollution possibly caused during construction as per the national and local environmental protection laws and regulations, so as to early find out the environmental existing problems and take the corresponding preventive measures. Environmental management during construction and after completion shall be uniformly charged by the project owner---Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Fuyang Local Maritime shipping and port management) Bureau is responsible for its administrative management and channel maintenance, and Fuyang Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau carries out the supervision. Environmental monitoring work related to the project is entrusted to Fuyang Environmental Monitoring Station to organize and implement. 9.2.2 Environmental Supervision Plan The supervision plan includes the design stage, construction stage and operating stager. Supervision plan at each stage refers to Table 9-1. Table 9-1 Environmental Supervision PlanStage Supervising agencySupervising contents Supervising purpose Design stage Environmental protection bureau and development & reform commission 1. Approve the environmental management plan2. Approve the initial environmental protection design1. Guarantee the environmental impact assessment contents to be complete, with prominent emphasis; 2. Guarantee to reflect the great environmental problems possibly caused by the project Construction stage Environmental protection bureau1. Check the restoration of the temporary construction site, vegetation and environment; 2. Check the control measures for dust and noise pollution control, to decide the construction time; check the disposal and drainage of domestic sewage and oily wastewater produced by the construction site; 4. Disposal of spoil ground; 5. Disposal of bottom settlement. 1. Strictly execute “Three Simultaneousness” ; 2. Reduce the impact of the construction on the surround environment, execute the related environmental protection laws and norms; 3. Ensure no pollution to the river water; 4. Ensure no serious damage to the landscape and land resource, avoiding water and soil erosion; 5. Ensure proper disposal of the bottom settlement. Operating stage Environmental protection bureau1. Check the implementation of the environmental protection action plan during operating; 2. Check the implementation of the supervision plan during operating; 3. Check whether the environmental quality at sensitive points meet the related environmental standard requirements. 1. Put the environmental protection action plan into practice; 2. Fulfill the supervision plan; 3. Enhance the environmental protection management and practically protect the health status of the people. 9.3 Environmental Management PlanTable 9-2 Implementation Plan for Environmental Protection at the Design StageActivities Potential influence/problemMitigation measures Implementation schedule Budget (10,000 Yuan) Implementation duties Supervising duties Monitoring index Monitoring frequency Land acquisitionProperly choose the spoil ground and mud dumping area Design and environmental assessment —Design unit, environmental assessmentAnhui Port Construction Investment Group, Anhui Provincial Communications Department, World Bank, Land and Resources Bureau, Water Supplies Bureau——Regular meeting between design and environmental assessmentWater and soil erosion control plan design Channel engineering area, embankment engineering area, construction, production and living area, spoil area The Soil & Water Conservation Report for the Fenquan River Yangqiao Ship Lock Project, drafted according to the Soil & Water Conservation Law, is a legally binding document and part of a total environmental management system. The report deals with soil & water loss control measures for the preparation stage, navigation channel site, embankment site, road bridge site and link road site. Also, monitoring plans are made and integrated with the bid proposals and the Agreement. Execution, supervision and budgets are included as well. Design and environmental assessment preparation stage 663.8Design unit, water environment assessment unit and environmental assessment unit Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Anhui Provincial Communications Department, World Bank, Land, Water Resources Bureau Water and Soil Conservation Scheme Report on Yangqiao Ship Lock Project in Fenquan approved by Water Resources Department (incorporated into the design and bidding documents) Regular meeting between the design unit, water environment assessment unit and environment assessment unit Table 9-3 Implementation Plan of the Environmental Protection Measures during Construction Stage Activities Potential influence/problemMitigation measures Implementation schedule Budget (10,000 Yuan) Implementation duties Supervising duties Monitoring index Monitoring frequency Construction of ship lock engineering, bridge and wiring engineeringImpact of dredging and construction of bridge on water qualityProduction wastewater and domestic sewage drained to the surface watery body 1. It is forbidden to directly drain the domestic sewage of the constructors to water body. After the domestic sewage and excrement have been pretreated in the septic tank, they will be regularly sent to the farmland ridge head for irrigation. Environmental protection education of the constructors shall be enhanced, to strengthen the environmental awareness. And it is forbidden to dump the domestic sewage or throw the rubbish carelessly. 2. For the construction slurry wastewater produced by sandstone cleaning, concrete mixing and on the construction site during construction, the temporary facilities such as collecting tank, settlement tank, oil separator and drainage ditch will be built, to collect the wastewater due to construction separately, which will drained, which will be drained after it enters the sewage treatment device and is treated by the oil separator and settlement tank. The construction ship shall be equipped with oil-water separator or oil receiving device, to drain the wastewater after treatment. Enhance the safety education of the constructors, regularly and timely repair the construction equipment, to avoid water environment pollution due to construction accident. 3. Provide the collecting and storage facility for the waste oil or waste water and oil-water separator shall be mounted on the ship, the above mentioned waste oil or waste water shall be drained after it is sent to the professional ship pollutant receiving unit for treatment. 4. Cofferdam shall be built prior to underwater construction, after that, the cofferdam can be removed after completion of construction and the water body inside it is standing for a few days. 50（ESE）Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Environmental Supervising Engineer (ESE)Surface water quality conforming to the requirements specified by Environmental Quality Standard for?Surface?Water (GB3838-2002)Monitored daily by environment engineer and regularly by local environment monitoring station Construction site and material transportationImpact of the noise on the surrounding communities 1. Rationally arrange the construction time, daytime construction if the construction site is located nearby the residential areas, to reduce the influence of noisy machines on them as far as possible. 2. It is forbidden to use the mechanical equipment not meeting the national noise emission standard, and apply the construction machines with low noise as far as possible and reduce the noise influence degree and scope of the major construction machines. 3. Enhance the maintenance of construction machines and stop the noise due to improper maintenance. 4. The concrete mixing station shall be far from the residential areas, also provided with a sound proof wall. Strictly execute Factory Boundary Noise Limit of Building Construction, high noise equipment is forbidden to operate at night. 5. Enhance the security when the old ship lock is blasting, i9nform the residents nearby in advance. The constructors and local residents are forbidden to stay in the blasting area, to avoid hearing damage. 6. Reasonably arrange the driving line and time for the construction vehicles to enter and leave the site, with limited speed. Strengthen the transportation vehicle management nearby the construction area. Number of whistles of the transportation vehicles shall be minimized, to avoid increasing the traffic noise to the surrounding area because of traffic congestion. 7.Choose the construction vehicles meeting Permissible Noise Standard for Motor Vehicles （GB1495-79）, those mechanical equipment or transportation vehicles not conforming to the national noise emission standard shall not enter the construction site. 8. Strengthen civilization construction and set up a noise shield: set a movable simple acoustic screen and a containment barrier in the construction area, to shorten the noise transmission affected distance. During construction40Contractor Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Environmental Supervising Engineer (ESE)）Correctly implement the mitigation measuresMonitored daily by environment Monitored daily by environment engineer and regularly by local environment monitoring station（Tab. 3-4）Construction site, material transportation Influence of the construction fugitive dust on the surrounding communities 1. Set up a fence not less than 1.8m on the construction site. During construction, water at any time on ground, to reduce fugitive dust pollution. Set up a muck collecting fence in water region and guarantee to clear the muck within 3 days after completion of construction. 2. Closed vehicles are used to transport the earthwork, muck and construction waste, flushing facility shall be provided at exit and entrance to the construction site. When the vehicle leaves, it must be flushed, no mud or sand will be taken out of the site. 3. Covering, solidification, greening and watering must be taken on the construction site. Fugitive dust in the construction site and road will be controlled by use of watering or cleaning. A watering cart must be provided on the construction site. 4. Cement and other fine building materials easy to fly must adopt sealed storage. The lime and sandy soil on construction site must be stacked in stacking yard, provided with covering measure.5. The lime soil mixes with organic material, adopting premixing to enter the site. During the rolling, water it to reduce the dust. Mixer shed must be sealed on the construction site, provided with the effective device reducing and controlling the dust. 6. Earthwork backfilling, transfer and other construction possibly producing fugitive dust pollution are forbidden in case of a wind above grade 4. 7. The vegetation on the temporary land must be restored, to avoid soil and water erosion. 8. Apply the construction machines and vehicles with low energy consumption and low pollution emission as far as possible. For the vehicles whose exhaust emissions exceed the limit, tail gas control device shall be provided. Strengthen the management and maintenance for the machines and vehicles, to reduce air pollution caused by their bad conditions. During construction 10contractor（ESE）Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Environmental Supervising Engineer (ESE)）Correctly implement the mitigation measuresMonitored daily by environment engineer Remove the old ship lock, construction campSpoil, household garbage & construction waste1. The building rubbish due to construction earth excavation and demolition shall be reused to the best. The sludge produced by the underwater part of construction cofferdam and the engineering out of use shall be stacked in the mud-dumping area. 2. Cover the surface mellow soil of the mud-dumping area on the drying sludge or waste soil, making the surface layer of mud-dumping area have good performance. In addition, drainage and side slope protection must be done well, to avoid soil and water erosion. The mud-dumping area must be returned to the local after leveling. 3. The domestic garbage due to construction must be collected separately, and uniformly cleared by the local sanitation department. During construction42Contractor Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Environmental Supervising Engineer (ESE)Correctly implement the mitigation measuresMonitored daily by environment engineerConstruction camp and workers Disease Spread1. Show great importance to the Health and epidemic prevention work on construction site. The constructor shall have a health examination before entering the site. Regular physical examination must be executed during construction, to guarantee the health of the constructors. 2. Enhance the health and epidemic prevention propaganda and education on the construction site, strengthen the self-awareness of the constructors and execute the health and epidemic prevention work well. 3. Enhance the management of drinking water source and environmental health, strengthen the consciousness of personal hygiene and disease preventing and treating. Emphasize the diet management and health, to prevent a disease from the mouth. 4. Work out the sanitation management system on the construction site, strengthen the hygiene inspection and emphasize the food hygiene and environmental health. During construction Refer to the Contract Contractor Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, Environmental Supervising Engineer (ESE)Correctly implement the mitigation measuresMonitored daily by environment engineer Table 9-3 Implementation Plan of the Environmental Protection Measures during OperatingActivities Potential influence/problemMitigation measures Implementation schedule Budget (10,000 Yuan) Implementation duties Supervising duties Monitoring index Monitoring frequency ship passing through the lock, ship lock office Drainage of the ship sewage and domestic sewage may cause pollution to the Fenquan riverThe ship is forbidden to drain the sewage and rubbish to the river channel, which shall be drained to the disposal area appointed by the port and waterway management department. Built a processing facility to treat the domestic sewage of ship lock area. Strictly execute the provisions for the ships carrying with dangerous goods and oil products pass through the approach channel and ship lock management, provided with the risk prevention measures. Before the operating During operating 60Yangqiao Ship Lock Operating Company Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, local environmental protection bureauPermanganate index, SS, Oil type Once a monthship passing through the lock, ship lock office Disposal of solid waste Build a domestic garbage collecting station, to collect the domestic garbage in the lock area and timely transport it to the waste yard. During operating 20Yangqiao Ship Lock Operating Company Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, local environmental protection bureauCollect and dispose the waste Regular cleaningship passing through the lockInfluence of the noise on the residents along the channel1. Guarantee the green coverage ratio of the lock area and on both sides of approach channel to reach the environmental requirements. Plant trees at the lock management office and on both sides of approach channel to reduce noise. 2. When a ship enters or leaves the lock and the approach channel, duration and number of the whistles shall be minimized, and the ship engine room must be closed. High and low siren are used, only low siren can be applied nearby the lock area. 3. Gradually limit the strength of siren when the ship is in an inland river, and no siren will be made at night nearby the ship lock. 4. The ship shall travel at low speed in the lock segment. 5. Reduce the ship noise from the machines and equipment used by it, and the ship type not meeting the environmental requirements shall be eliminated. A moving ship must be equipped with the qualified exhaust silencer to control noise. During operating —Yangqiao Ship Lock Operating Company Fuyang Port and Waterway Bureau, local environmental protection bureauLeqTwice a year 9.4 Environmental SupervisionEnvironmental supervision must be carried out for the project in accordance with the requirements in “ Notice on Carrying Out Traffic Engineering Environmental Supervision” issued by the Ministry of Communications, to positively conduct the environmental supervision, so as to enforce clean production, minimize the damage during construction and maximize the ecological restoration, making the project satisfy the environmental requirements, and drainage of the noise, waste gas and sewage reach the related standards. Guarantee the investment to environmental engineering, making simultaneous construction and operating of the ecological protection & restoration and water environment protection with the major project. Environmental supervision is an important guarantee to carry out various environmental measures, also an important supplement to the overall project supervision dominated by the project quality, at the same time, it also lay a basis for the proposed environmental protection completion acceptance. Environmental supervision engineer (ESE) is an important role in overall management and supervision level system. In this project, ensure ESE completely to merge into the project supervision engineer system, which is to clearly assign the environmental supervising duties and incorporate it into the overall project supervision engineer contract. Meanwhile the external environmental consultant (EEC) must be merged into supervision system. EEC directly signs the contract with the project owner, independent from the contractor and supervision engineer. EEC will assist the owner to have training and consulting service, check the environmental measures of the contractor and the supervision engineer, as well as compile the half yearly environmental monitoring report required by the World Bank during project execution. 9.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan9.5.1 Purpose of Environmental MonitoringEnvironmental monitoring includes construction period and operating period, whose purpose is to completely and timely mast the pollution status of the proposed project, understand the environmental quality change degree and affected scope of the project construction to the area where the project is located as well as environmental quality status during operating, timely feedback the information to the responsible agency, so as to provide the basis for the project environmental management. 9.5.2 Monitoring Agency Environmental monitoring during construction and operating includes noise, water and ecology, with complicated monitoring personnel and instruments, therefore it is suggested that the construction organization may entrust a qualified monitoring agency to complete it. 9.5.3 Monitoring Scheme Water quality monitoring Monitoring for the project shall be carried out as construction areas and sections, water quality monitoring points are mainly aiming at the production and domestic wastewater and receiving water body for the wastewater. Location of the project, composition of the project, number of constructors, wastewater volume and construction duration are considered, to have important monitoring. Flush point for the sandy stones on construction site. The wastewater firstly enters the sedimentation tank, then is drained to Fenquan River. Arrange a monitoring section at the exit, to monitor the water treated, once a month. The monitoring items include COD, SS, etc. Flush wastewater of the construction machines and vehicles firstly enters the oil separation tank, then is drained to Fenquan River. Arrange a monitoring section at the exit, to monitor the water treated, once a month. The monitoring items include COD, SS, etc. Arrange a monitoring section at the water back exit of mud-dumping area, to have monitoring for the water backed, once a month. The monitoring items include COD, SS, etc. In addition, arrange a section in the upstream and downstream of Yangqiao ship lock during operating, see Table 9-4 for the specific location of the section, monitoring factors and frequency. Table 9-4 Environmental Monitoring Section, Factors and Frequency during OperatingNo. Name of river Location of cross section Monitoring frequency 1#Fenquan River At 1.0km above the approach channel in the upstream of Yangqiao ship lock in Fenquan River During operating: pH, COD, BOD5, DO, NH3-N, permanganate index, SS, and oil products, monitoring once half a year. 2#At 1.0km below the approach channel in the upstream of Yangqiao ship lock in Fenquan River Environmental air monitoring A monitoring point is set in the project construction area. According to the major pollutants produced during construction and control index of air quality, the main monitoring item during construction is TSP, with the monitoring period of once every 3 months. Noise monitoring A monitoring point is set in the east and west of the project construction area respectively, with monitoring item of equivalent sound level day and night. Once noise monitoring every month during construction, which is executed during construction peak. Soil and water conservation monitoring Monitoring period: construction preparation - end of design level year Monitoring frequency: rainfall of the area where the project is located mainly concentrates in June-Sept. every year, with much rain and long duration, and the storm is dominated. Therefore it shall monitor once each month in every May-October, of which, June-September is the important monitoring period. If the heavy rain or storm occurs, another monitoring shall be added, with yearly monitoring frequency 8-10 times. Ground monitoring can be executed at any time as required by data sampling, observe the soil loss after sedimentation. When the sediment load is less, it may observe soil loss at an interval of time; if the rainfall isn’t continuous within a day, with equivalent duration and intensity, no repeated monitoring is needed, but the monitoring shall be enhanced during storm season; When the erosion process monitoring is required, it shall observe the rainfall, runoff and silt simultaneously. Ground observation for plant measures is arranged in spring and autumn separately. Except for gravity erosion, investigation monitoring work shall be executed prior to completion of flood season, which for other items will be done in dry season principally. During each investigation, it shall fill in the investigation table, and summarize and arrange them at end of the year. Based on the project analysis and site survey, it is planned to have soil and water conservation monitoring for each representative work organization. Review and filing of the monitoring data Monitoring data during construction shall be timely arranged and analyzed, to raise the advice on improvement of the original environmental facility according to the monitoring result. Various data obtained must be saved and managed with computer, and the environmental monitoring data shall be concluded, arranged and evaluated each year. Set up quality review system for the monitoring data report, the data after review shall be numbered for uniform filing and storage. During the project implementation, stage report shall be provided by stages and reported to the local environmental protection dept., so as to fulfill and check the environmental measures, which also will be the basic data for regional environmental management and environmental research in future, to effectively control the adverse environment effect unforeseen in the project plan. 9.5.4 Environmental Investment Construction of the project is beneficial to the development of the regional shipping industry and regional economy. During construction, the waste water, exhaust gas (TSP) and waste slag will produce a certain pollution to the environment; the construction will damage the current vegetation and greening, accelerating the soil and water loss. With the completion and operating of the construction, the ship passing through the lock will cause noise and oily water, and the ship staff will produce the domestic sewage and solid waste, and the lock office staff will produce various waste, such as domestic sewage and household garbage, which will affect the local environment if they are treated improperly. The dust produced by construction of the ship lock and approach channel will exert a certain influence on the atmospheric environment of borrow area, transportation road for waste soil and waste soil area. If the necessary preventive measures are taken, the atmospheric environment will be restored to the original level after completion of construction. During construction, excavation of the underwater will increase the concentration of suspended particles of water body, with bad influence on water quality for a short time. If the necessary measures are taken and construction procedures are arranged reasonably, the influence may be minimized. During construction, the construction machines may influence the sound environment nearby the construction site, but it is hard to quantize this loss. The influence may be relieved if the rational construction management measures are adopted, even it will disappear after completion of construction. Protective green belts shall be provided on both side of the approach channel, to reduce the influence of noise during operating. If the defensive cost is considered as the economic loss caused by resource destruction, its loss will be the green fees in environmental investment. The land occupied by the project becomes water area, to expand the water area of lock area and increase slightly the water evaporation, therefore the humidity of surface layer will be increased, which shares the functions of air purification and temperature regulation, but without obvious influence on rainy, windy and foggy climate. At the same time, it is helpful for drainage and flood control. The environmental measures such as protection slope and greening on both sides of the approach channel will better control the soil and water loss. See Table 9-5 for the environmental investment estimation. The environmental protection costs of the proposed project is about RMB 9.958 million Yuan and the total investment for project construction reaches RMB 161.66051 million Yuan, the former accounts for 6.2% of the latter. Table 9-5 Investment Estimation Table for Environmental Protection EngineeringPeriod No.Control measures Treatment effect Estimated expense (10,000.00 Yuan)Construction period1Household sewage treatment facility (including clearing and transportation)Standardized drainage of household wastewater 102Oil separator, settlement tank, guide drainage systemConstruction wastewater treatment facility Standardized drainage of construction wastewater 453Construction fence structure Prevent the yellow sand and gravel from being washed away by rain and affecting the surrounding environment. 54Wind wall is provided around the aggregate storage yard Reduce the dust emission 55Watering cart and watering operation Control the fugitive dust 56Sound insulation facility (temporary house)Avoid the noise disturbing residents 47Construction ship pollutant is transported outward Direct discharge of surface water forbidden 168Garbage collecting and transporting facility Prevent the solid and waste pollution 189Road engineering green and drainage facility Noise reduction and control of soil and water loss 24Operating period 10Household garbage collection and transportation system in the lock area Collect the household garbage in the lock area1011Plant the dense leafy green belt within 200m on both sides of the approach channel, with good noise reduction effect; plant the flowers, grass and trees in the lock area Lighten the influence of ship noise on the protected objective, purify the air and beautify the landscape environment. 4012Domestic sewage treatment facility in the lock area Standardized drainage of sewage 20Monitoring cost13Environmental monitoring cost Check the environmental quality during construction and operating 3014Soil and water conservation cost 663.8Supervision 15Environmental supervision during construction Supervise the fulfillment of environmental measures and environmental management 5016Prepared cost 50Total (10,000.00 Yuan)995.810 Public Participation10.1 Objective of Public ParticipationAny development and construction will produce the good or bad influence to the surrounding natural and social environment, and directly or indirectly affect the benefits of the public nearby. Public participation in study in the project environmental impact assessment is a kind of two-way communication means between the environmental assessment personnel and the public, which makes the public in the affected area timely understand the environmental problems caused by the project and its construction, fully understand the project, and give their own opinions via the normal channels, to directly take part in the comprehensive policy-making, raise the beneficial views, so as to lighten the environmental pollution, and reduce the loss of environmental resources, which are very necessary for policy-making and fulfillment of construction scheme. Carry out the public participation in study during environmental impact assessment and collect the attitudes and requirements of the public in related area to the project construction, so as to completely consider the opinions of the public in EIA, absorb the useful ones, making the project planning and design more perfect and reasonable, work out the environmental measures meeting the environmental protection and economic coordinated development better and improve the environmental and social benefits of the project, consequently the sustainable development will be reached. Objective of the public participation:Promote the public to understand the basic project conditions and its potential environmental impact, collect the opinions, suggestions and requirements on the project from the public; Strengthen the multidirectional information exchange between the public and the project construction party and other related parties, make the public participation run through the entire EIA of the project; (3) Make up for the negligence and omission due to EIA in combination with the public participation, then make the project planning, design and environmental monitoring and management more perfect and reasonable, and try to make the project construction obtain the best unity in environmental benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. 10.2 Means and Time Period of the Public ParticipationAccording to HF 2006 No.[28]Tentative Methods for Public Participation in EIA issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration on Feb. 14, 2006 and the requirements in related laws and regulations of China and the OP4.01 of the Word Bank, the assessment will apply media publicity, department visit, post up a notice and questionnaire survey in combination with the public participation, publically ask the opinions, suggestions and requirements from the public, especially from those directly affected by the project, solve the problems raised and answer the mitigation measures for environmental problems. In order to fully understand the opinions on the project from the public and satisfaction degree of the mitigation measures, the public participation work of the project can be divided into two stages. The first stage: public participation was carried out in form of media publicity, department visit, post up a notice and questionnaire survey for three times when Anhui Provincial Academy of Environmental Science was compiling Environmental Impact Report on Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion on Fenquan River in May of 2009. The first time is to give a notice in form of media publicity in Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website at early EIA (May 11-21, 2009); The second time is to have a survey for the governmental departments and residents along the project in form of posting up a notice and questionnaire survey before the report is formally compiled. 120 questionnaires were issued and 120 ones were returned, with 100% recovery rate. The survey involves in the residential areas and units around the project construction area as well as the pubic possibly affected nearby; the third time is to give a notice in form of media publicity on Fuang Local Marine Bureau website after completion of the first draft of EIA Report (version within Anhui province ) (June 15-25 of 2009). The second stage: Feb. -June of 2013. After authorization, the assessment group again has executed the public participation for twice in form of media publicity, department visit, post up a notice, questionnaire survey and forum according to the related requirements of World Bank in public participation and on the basis of Environmental Impact Report on Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion in Fenquan River, including: in the early of May of 2013, executed the public participation again for the governmental departments and residents along the project in form of department visit, questionnaire survey and forum, to understand the opinions on the environmental impact and requirements of environmental measures from the public. We issued 100 questionnaires and returned 94 ones. See Table 10-1 for the public participation process. Table 10-1 List of Public Participation ProcessStage TimeObject Form Consulting detailsStage 12009.5.11～5.21Residents nearbyMedia publicity Conditions of the proposed project and its specific EIA working procedures are provided on Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website, to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. 2009.5Governmental departments in Fuyang and related counties and citiesAgency interview, questionnaireSurvey the environment, soil and water conservation, forest resource, sensitive area, wild animals and plants, town planning and land utilization; seek for the opinions on the project from the related parties; 2009.5Residents nearbyPost up a notice Post up a notice in the bulletin board of Linquan Yaoqiao, to enhance the degree of familiarity of the pubic to the project. 2009.5Residents nearbyPersonal interview, questionnaireDegree of awareness to the project attitude and the environmental impact possibly caused; the environmental measures wishing to take; requirements of land acquisition and resettlement after demolition. 2009.6.15～6.25Residents nearbyMedia publicityProvide the conditions of the proposed project and specific conclusions of EIA on Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website, to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. Stage 22013.52013.6Residents nearbyPersonal interview, questionnaireDegree of awareness to the project attitude and the environmental impact possibly caused; degree of acceptability and opinions on the environmental measures taken. 2013.5.6Residents nearbyForum Degree of awareness to the project attitude and the environmental impact possibly caused; degree of acceptability and opinions on the environmental measures taken. 2013.5.22Residents nearbyMedia publicityProvide the conditions of the proposed project and specific conclusions of EIA on the websites of Transport Department of Anhui Province and Fuyang Local Marine Bureau, to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. 2013.6.8Residents nearbyRead the report The complete report is disclosed in Fuyang Port and Waterway Bureau and Yangqiao Ship Lock Management Office, and way of referring is marked in media publicity, for convenience of reading by the citizens, so as to strengthen the degree of familiarity to the project. 10.3 Result of Public Participation Study and Its Analysis10.3.1 Result of Public Participation Study in Stage 1 and Its Analysis(1) The first media publicity After entrusted by EIA, the media mainly provides the conditions of the project proposed and its specific EIA working procedures on Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website (May 11-21 of 2009), to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. (2) Issue and announcement of the public participation questionnaireCompile the public participation questionnaire after the EIA report outline is formulated and the related pollution links and soil and water loss are analyzed, adopting the user level or personal interview. The survey respondents include village farmers and enterprises around, refer to Table 12-1 for the details of public participation questionnaire. During the survey, the survey officers provide the detailed solutions to the questions raised by the respondents, to make the public know the project well and continuously perfect the environmental measures and countermeasures in EIA of the proposed project. (3) The second media publicity After completion of the EIA report draft, the second media publicity was started, to provide the conditions of the project proposed and its specific EIA working procedures on Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website (June 15-25 of 2009) again, to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. 1. Survey results statistics in stage 1 EIV Notice on Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Fenquan River is published on Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website, making the public understand the project overview, purpose of construction and the environmental impact possibly caused, and seek for the public advices, which has realized the purpose of publishing the related information to the public. During the publication, the EIA organization or the construction organization hasn’t received any feedback opinion. During the public participation assessment, site consultation or issue and return the questionnaire are adopted. The survey group issued 120 questionnaires in May of 2009, and returned 120 ones. The survey scope is involved in the residential areas and organizations around the construction area as well as the people nearby possibly affected by the project. Refer to table 10-2 for the specific sex, age, occupation and educational background. Table 10-2 Basic Composition of the Public Participation RespondentsSurvey items Survey contents Number Proportion Age 0～2521.7%26～407461.6%41～554436.7%5500Occupation public servant 4537.5%worker 4739.1%farmer 1714.2%unemployed 00other 119.2%Educational background university and above 6050%college and technical secondary school 3025%middle school 2420%primary and below 65%Table 10-3 Public Participation Questionnaire for Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Linfen River Name Sex Tel. AddressAge A.0—25 B.26—40 C.41—55 D.＞55Occupation A. Public servant B.worker C. farmer D. Unemployed E. otherEducational background University and above； B.college and secondary technical school； C.middle school； D. Primary school or below Yangqiao ship lock is located in Yangqiao town of Linquan county, with about 26km from Linquan county; the lock is on Linquan River, the left of Yangqiao flood diversion gate and check gate, with 36km from Hanwan gate and 54km from Fuyang gate. Yangqiao lock was built in June of 1986 with approval from the provincial planning commission, with lock level VI, lock dimensions 100×7.5×2.0m and the design carrying capacity 1000000 tons. With the economic development of Linquan county, volume of the freight transportation is gradually increased year by year, therefore it is imperative to expand the lock. In Nov. of 2006, Liquan county reported Letter of Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Linquan County to the municipal government, and the municipal government reported it to the provincial development and reform commission. On Jan. 22 of 2009, Anhui Provincial Development and Reform Commission officially approved the project, to build a new lock on the original site according to grade V channel and 3000000 tons. As required by the related national provisions, EIA shall be carried out for the project. In order to widely understand the requirements, wishes and suggestions of the public on the project, making the project construction more perfect in each aspect, and minimizing the environmental impact possibly caused and giving full play to the social, environmental and economic benefits, we especially execute the public participation survey. Your suggestions are of great important, so we cordially invite you to complete this survey, thank you. 1． Do you know Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Linfen River?A. Yes　　Ｂ. No2．What do you think of the water quality in Fenquan River?Ａ.Good B. General Ｃ.Worse D. Very poor 3．What’s the most concerned environmental problem in your living area（multiple choice）A. Water pollution B. Air pollution C. Noise pollution D. Solid waste and household garbage 4．What’s the most concerned environmental problem during implementation of the project（multiple choice）A .Water body damage B. Vegetation deterioration and sludge stench C. Soil and water loss D. Sludge disposal E. Noise pollution5 .What’s the most concerned environmental problem after completion of the project（multiple choice）A. Water body pollution B.Sediment pollution C. Air pollution D. Pollution of underground water and soil6． What impact will be caused to you by the project（multiple choice）ＡThe living unchanged　　Ｂ. Improve the living　Ｃ.Deterioration of living conditions 　7．What’s your attitude to Yangqiao Lock Project？A. Support it B. Oppose it C. I don’t care it.8．Do you have any suggestion or requirement to the project construction?Note: please provide the suggestions and requirements in written form, you may describe it on the attached paper. Interviewer Date of survey：See table 10-4 for the public participation survey statistical results. Table 10-4 Public Participation Survey Results Statistical Table Survey contents Results Number proportion（%）1. Do you know Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Linfen River?① Yes② No 116496.63.42What do you think of the water quality in Fenquan River?① Good ② General ③ Worse ④ Very poor 10107308.389.22.503 What’s the most concerned environmental problem in your living area（multiple choice）①Water pollution② Air pollution ③ Noise pollution④Solid waste and household garbage 11019587191.715.848.359.14 What’s the most concerned environmental problem during implementation of the project ①Water body damage②Vegetationdeterioration and sludge stench③ Soil and water loss④ Sludge disposal⑤ Noise pollution59697419149.257.561.715.80.85 What’s the most concerned environmental problem after completion of the project?①Water body pollution②Sediment pollution ③Air pollution④Pollution of underground water and soil6557415954.247.534.249.26 What impact will be caused to you by the project（multiple choice）①The living unchanged② Improve the living③Deterioration of living conditions 211811.798.30.747 What’s your attitude to Yangqiao Lock Project？① Support it ② Oppose it ③ I don’t care it.12000100002 .Analysis on the survey results in stage 1(1)Composition of the public participation objects We can learn from the results in table 12-2 that most of the survey objects is 26-40 years old (61.6%), secondly is 41-45 years old (36.7%) and <25 years old (1.7%); the occupation is dominated by the public servants (37.5%), workers (39.1%) and peasants (14.2%); the educational background is dominated by university and above (50%), secondly is middle school (25%), the technical middle school and primary or below occupy 20% and 5% separately, which indicate that the survey objects satisfy the assessment requirements basically and embody the opinions of the local people most affected by the project. (2) Understanding of the public to the project For the question “Do you know the project?” 116 ones chose Y, accounting for 96.6% of the total survey objects, while 4 ones chose N, accounting for 3.4%. The most people have known the project when they went to the site for investigation, indicating that the public in the affected area have been familiar with the project. (3)Assessment for the regional water environment quality survey For the question “What do you think of the water quality in Fenquan River?”, 107 ones chose “General”, accounting for 89.2% of the total survey objects; 10 ones chose “Good”, accounting for 8.3%, and 3 ones chose “very poor”, accounting for 2.5%, indicating that the water of Fenquan River is general, not meeting the zoning requirements of water body functions. (4)Survey for the current major environmental problems within the project area For the question “What’s the most concerned environmental problem in your living area?”, 110 ones chose water pollution, accounting for 91.7%; 71 ones chose solid waste and household garbage, accounting for 59.1%, 19 ones chose air pollution, accounting 15.8%, and the rest 58 ones chose noise pollution, accounting for 48.3%, which basically reflects that the major pollution problems in the local rural environment are water pollution, solid waste and household garbage, while water pollution shows that the residents nearby Fenquan River worry about the water environment most, at the same time, it also makes higher requirements for construction of the project. (5) For the question “What’s the most concerned environmental problem during implementation of the project”, 74 ones chose soil and water loss, accounting for 61.7% of the total survey objects; 69 ones chose vegetation pollution and sludge stench, accounting for 57.5% of the total survey objects, 59 ones chose water body damager, accounting for 49.2%; 19 ones chose sludge disposal, accounting for 15.8%, and the rest 1 chose noise pollution, accounting for 0.8%, which reflect that the problems concerned by the public are basically consistent with the major environmental problems existed during construction, indicating the environmental awareness of the public is strengthening. (6) Main adverse effects on the environment during project operating For the question “What’s the most concerned environmental problem after completion of the project?”, 65 ones chose water body pollution, accounting for 54.2% of the total survey objects, 59 ones chose pollution of underground water and soil, accounting for 49.2%, 57 ones chose settlement pollution, accounting for 47.5%. In addition, 41 ones chose air pollution, accounting for 34.2, which show that the environmental awareness of the public is strengthening aiming at the major environmental problems produced during project operating, and they have actively taken part in the environmental impact policy-making of the project construction. (7)Influence on the residents nearby during project operating For the question “What kind of impact will be caused to the traffic by the project?”, 118 ones chose improve the traffic condition, accounting 98.3% for the total survey objects, 2 ones chose the traffic condition is unchanged, and nobody chose the traffic condition may worsen after implementation of the project. (8)Attitude to the proposed project The public greatly support the project. There are 120 people supporting the project, with support rate 100%. Nobody withhold his opinion or opposes the public. 10.3.2 Public participation survey results in stage 2 and its analysis(1) Questionnaire and forum On the basis of EIA Report on Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Fenquan River (version in Anhui province) and as required by the public participation of World Bank, we analyzed the site investigation requirements and supplementary data, and carried out the public participation further aiming at the environmental assessment conclusion and measures raised in the report, as well as fully collect the opinions and suggestions on project construction, assessment conclusion and environmental measures from the public directly affected by the project. The survey objects mainly include the peasants within the affected area, adopting the form of personal interview and questionnaire, and held the forum for the residents from Gaowang village, which is a sensitive point to environmental impact. See picture 12-2 for the public participation. Figure 10-2 ForumFigure 10-3 Public participation(2) Media publicity After completion of the EIA report draft (World Bank version), it is published in form of media publicity on the website of Transport Department of Anhui Province, Fuyang Local Marine Bureau and Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, and the complete report is saved in Yangqiao ship lock management office. The citizens may obtain and read it, to increase the approach and degree of familiarity to the project. The contents published include the main assessment conclusions and environmental measures of EIA (World Bank version), to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. Again the public participation was executed twice in form of media publicity and forum; in May of 2013, the public participation for the residents nearby again was done in form of questionnaire and forum, in combination with social evaluation, to understand the opinions on environmental impact and the requirements of the environmental protection measures of the public. We distributed 100 questionnaires and 94 ones were returned. （publicized on the website of Transport Department of Anhui Province）（publicized on the website of Fuyang Maritime Safety Administration）Figure 12-4 Public information1. Survey results statistics in stage 2(1) Questionnaire results statistics The assessment group distributed 100 questionnaires in the affected area in Dec of 2009 during the public participation in stage 2, 94 ones were returned, with return rate 94%. The survey scope includes the governmental departments in Fuyang and related counties, the peasants and enterprises within the affected area and the people nearby possibly affected. See table 10-5 for the survey results statistics. Table 10-5 Questionnaire Opinions Statistics of the Public Participation in Stage 2 No.Question Choices Number of peopleProportion （%）1Do you know Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion Project in Linfen River? N88.51Y6771.282What do you think of the water quality in Fenquan River?Air pollution 00Water pollution 6265.96Noise pollution 66.25Ecological destruction1111.70No environmental problem1819.153What’s the most concerned environmental problem in your living areaWater pollution 00Air pollution00Noise pollution55.32Solid waste and household garbage 8994.684What’s the most concerned environmental problem during implementation of the project Water body damage 00Vegetation deterioration and sludge stench88.51Soil and water loss 00Sludge disposal 00Noise pollution 8691.495What’s the most concerned environmental problem during implementation of the project Water body pollution 00Settlement pollution 1313.83Air pollution 4952.13Pollution of underground water and soil 3234.046What impact will be caused to you by the projectInconvenient living6265.96Improve the living 3234.04Deterioration of living conditions 007What’s your attitude to Yangqiao Lock Project？Support it 8082Oppose it 00id I don’t care it. Other suggestions and requirements: Try to protect the ecological environment well and serve the people (2) Media publicity opinions statistics During the media publicity, the assessment organization and construction organization didn’t receive any feedback. 2. Survey results analysis in stage 2 (1)Opinions from the public along the project According to the questionnaire statistical result in stage 2 and during the forum and personal interview, the assessment group introduced in details the major report conclusions and the environmental countermeasures and mitigation measures raised. It can be learn that the public surveyed support the project, they think that it is advantageous to the economy We can see from the above statistical table that:①Attitude to the project About 100% surveyed objects support the project, they think that ship expansion is advantageous to the local development and will strengthen the communication to the outside. ②Analysis on the environmental pollution problems The public shows great emphasis on the noise pollution during construction, thinking that the construction at night will disturbs their normal schedule, and the travel during construction, wishing the temporary road will satisfy the normal travel requirements. After the assessment group described the environmental measures and mitigation measures raised in the report, most of the public will accept the environmental impact if the mitigation measure can be fulfilled. 10.4 Conclusion of the public participation It is learned from the public participation survey results in two stages that the public support the project generally, considering the project will improve the navigation capacity of Fenquan River, with small influence on the living and working environment of the residents nearby. At the same time, the public has clearly understood the environmental impact caused by the project, showing great concern on the ship construction noise and stench sludge. Meanwhile they think that the environmental pollution problem produced is within the acceptable scope, and they can accept the environmental impact after the environmental countermeasures and mitigation measures raised in the report are implemented. The public wish that the environmental pollution control and environmental management during construction can be done well when the project is implemented, to realize the maximum environmental, social and economic benefits, as well as the sustainable development path. 11 Conclusion of Assessment11.1 Project OverviewAs an important part of Henan province and Anhui province as well as waterway network in Huaihe River basin, Shaying River is the biggest branch of Huaihe River and one of two trunk streams and three branches in the bone waterway network of Anhui province, with planning grade IV. Fenquan River is the biggest branch of Shaying River, with long history of navigation. Yangqiao lock in Fenquan River plays a key role in deep water transportation network, as per the deep water economy and traffic volume forecast result, the current channel situation and planning are shown: construction scale of Yangqiao lock is grace IV channel, 500t, also 1000t, lock chamber dimensions 200×13×3.5, the design annual through capacity 6720000t based on Navigation Standard of Inland Waterway and Ship Design Code. Total earthwork excavation volume of the project will be 760600m?，total earthwork filling volume is 235700m? and the discarded earthwork volume 504900m?. The discarded soil will be transported to the spoil area on the right bank check gate to have centralized piling and disposal. The project occupies 16.91h㎡ totally, including6.91h㎡ for the permanent land and 10h㎡ for the temporary land, covering water, arable land, forest, grassland and land for water facilities. The land for ship is within Yangqiao Ship Management Office, no land will be added newly. The project will involve in demolition and resettlement, we have entrusted engineering immigration research institute of Anhui Traffic Vocational Technical Institute to compile Due Diligence Report for Yangqiao Ship Lock in Shagying River Channel Regulation Engineering. The total project investment will be RMB 161.6651 million Yuan, including RMB 9.958 million Yuan for environmental investment, accounting for 6.2% of the total investment. 11.2Current Environment Quality1. Current air environment quality Pollution index of SO2, NO2, PM10 a and TS in the air inside the assessment area of the project is less than 1, indicating the environment air quality reaches grade 2 in GB3095-1996 Environmental Air Quality Standard, and the regional environmental air is good. 2. Current water environment quality Various monitoring factors in each section such as pH, DO, petroleum and fecal escherichia coli have reached class IV in Surface Water Environment Quality Standard （GB3838-2002）. SS meets the dry crop limit value in Irrigation Water Quality Standard （GB5084-2005); while the monitoring factors total nitrogen and total phosphorus in 3 sections all exceed standard, excess multiple of the former and the latter is 2.69 and 0.57 separately. Monitoring factors COD and BOD5 in 1# section slight exceeds standard. The major reasons for this is that the domestic wastewater of the residents along the Fenquan river s drained to it. The monitoring results show that the current value of Fenquan river cannot meet grade IV standards in Surface Water Environment Quality Standard （GB3838-2002）. 3. Current sound environment quality We can learn from the current noise monitoring result that the current noise at 1#, 3# and 4# monitoring point on May 13 meets class 2 and 4a requirements in Sound Environment Quality Standard （GB3096-2008), but the noise at 2# monitoring point in day slightly exceeds standard, being 0.3dB(A), with the reason that the tractor traveling on 017 makes a noise. 4. Settlement environment quality Content of various heavy metal pollutants in settlement of Fenquan river is below Pollutant Control Standard for Farm Sludge（GB4284-84）. This kind of settlement will be piled into green land or used for shelter forest after natural drying, its heavy metal content won’t affect the growth of plants and the human health. 5. Investigation and assessment of the current ecological environment situation No virgin forest, secondary forest and the natural reserve area approved by the people’s government at each level is available with the assessment scope, nor the extensive area, with good ecological environment quality. Herbaceous plants are widely distributed in the farmland, roadside, ditches and riverbanks within the proposed project, terrestrial herbs are dominated by dandelion and wild artemisia; and herbaceous aquatic vegetation is common or rare species. Woody plants mostly are the forest tree species artificially cultivated, without rare wild plants protected by the state or province. Woody plants are dominated by the little, acacia plants, cedar and paulownia. Variety and number of the wild animals inside the assessment area is small, rodent specie is the dominant, with a large number of yellow weasels. In this survey, we haven’t found the wild animals protected by the state and the province. The assessment area is farming land, with good artificial vegetation, dominated by wheat and soybean. Soil within the area is mortar black soil and moisture soil; the land use type is farm land, soil erosion is water erosion, with small erosion degree and scope. 6. Water and soil loss According to Classification and Grading Standard for Soil Erosion, the project is earth-rock mountain area in the north, water erosion for the soil erosion, including surface erosion and gully erosion, the permissible water and water loss value is 200t/k㎡·a. The compiling organization has surveyed the background value of water and soil loss in the project area, there are a large amount crops and a few trees in the construction area, poor erosion, with soil erosion modulus about 200t/k㎡·a, which is basically satisfied after the survey made on site and communication with the local department. 11.3 Environmental Impact Forecast and AssessmentWater Environment During construction Production waste water discharge during construction includes increase of suspended particles in surface water due to water construction; oily waste water produced by dirty oil dropped or leaked from the construction machines and flushed by rain of the exposed machines; waste water leaked from the bottom of construction ship; pollution caused by rainwash of the piled building materials and waste, pit foundation drainage and wastewater caused by flushing the construction aggregates; the major pollutants are suspended matters and petroleum produce. Direct discharge of the construction wastewater will produce certain pollution to the lock river each. Pollution to the surface water can be effectively avoided or lightened by means of isolation, settlement and strengthening the environmental management during construction. During operating Pollution during operating mainly includes the domestic pollution due to the lock working staff and ship working staff during operating and oil pollution caused by ship, the major pollution factors are COD, NH3-N and petroleum. Based on the analysis in Chapter III, domestic wastewater caused by the lock management office will be 1.3m?/dm, which is discharged after it is treated with sewage well buried sewage treatment plant and met grade II standard in table 4 of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard （GB8978-1996）. Household wastewater discharge capacity of lockage ship shall be 1.0m?/d, household wastewater discharge of the ship shall execute the related requirements in Ship Pollutant Discharge Standards. Main functions of water body in Fenquan River section of the assessment area are transportation and irrigation, without the intake for centralized drinking water, with a small amount of household wastewater discharged on standard, therefore it exerts small impact on the water environment of Fenquan River. As required by the port and waterway management department, when a ship passes through the lock, it is forbidden to discharge oily wastewater from bottom of the cabin to water body. Then it won’t exert any oil pollution on the water body during the ship passes through the lock normally. 11.3.2 Ecological EnvironmentThe project is a functional area for dry crops inside the ecological zone along Huaibei Plain. Types of land covering include water, arable land, forest, grassland and water facilities, no living species protected is provided in the project and its surrounding, with small water consumption. The project may damage the surface vegetation, causing a certain degree of adverse effect, but the area of artificial facilities is expanded, which will change the natural ecology process of partial region, making the habitat of the land wild animals to be changed and decreased. 11.3.3 Analysis on Water and Soil Loss A large amount of excavation, filling and temporary piling exist during construction, which not only breaks the original vegetation, but disturbs the structure of surface soil and change the current landform, then the new water and soil loss may be easily produced under the function of gravity and rainfall. According to the water and soil loss forecast results, total loss capacity possibly caused by the project will reach 2081t, including 89t for the native water and soil loss and 1992t for newly added loss. Construction of the project is of good economic and social benefits and plays a significant role in promoting the local social and economic development. Although it will damage the original landscape, and the discarded soil and dregs also will cause soil and water loss, yet the soil and water loss produced by it can be reduced by working out the water and soil conservation plan, taking the corresponding countermeasures and effectively control the water and soil loss possibly caused. Atmospheric Environment During construction The fugitive dust in construction will exert the maximum influence on the ambient air during construction; secondly, oil-fired exhaust produced by transportation and labor equipment will also influence the atmosphere. Fugitive dust in construction includes the directly discharged dust during construction and second-time fugitive dust produced in wind or other dynamic conditions because of too much construction surface soil. Construction fly dust of the project mainly comes from pit foundation excavation, stockyard mining, discarded dregs piling and vehicle transportation, the main pollutant is TSP. The project construction will produce fly dust inside the project area and construction roads, with a certain influence on the constructors touching dust for a long time and the residents along it. Therefore the construction organization must take the dust suppression measures, such as watering on the construction site, strength the management measures and enhance the labor protection to the site constructors. These measures will reduce fugitive dust for 50-70%, to effectively reduce the influence of ambient air. Pollution of fugitive dust to ambient air is temporary and partial, it will disappear after completion of construction. Pollutants caused by transportation and fuel emission of some construction machines are small, which is of the features of flow and diffusion, and there are good diffusion and dilution conditions for air pollutants in the construction area, therefore it won’t product the adverse effect on the quality and function of ambient air. During operating During operating, the ship will produce oil-fired exhaust and the pollutants such as SO2, CO and NO2 during navigation, which will discharge along the channel. The local air diffusion conditions are good, exerting no deterioration in the atmospheric quality. The proposed project meets the standards and requirements of grade II zone in Ambient Air Quality Standard （GB3095-1996）. 11.3.5 Sound Environment During construction Construction of the lock, highway bridge reconstruction and wiring will influence the regional households. The construction area is located in the south of Wanggao village, concrete mixing station and steel wood processing factory are inside the lock management office. According to the site survey, the point sensitive to sound environment nearby the project area is Wanggao village. In view of the high intensity of noise source of the steel wood processing factory, it shall be established in a temporary house during the project construction organization design, to insulate sound and reduce noise. The minimum noise reduction of the temporary house is 15dB (A), and concrete mixing station completely meet the requirements; the steel wood processing factory meets the standard in daytime, but at night, it is satisfied only beyond 100m, so it is forbidden to process at night during construction, avoiding the influence on the residents in Wanggao village. Construction of lock engineering, highway bridge and wiring will exert a certain of influence on the surrounding sensitive points, whose sound environment will beyond the standard occasionally. But these noise sources are temporary during construction, only with temporary and partial influence, which will disappear after completion of construction. During operating Noise due to ship navigation is small, which is mainly the flow sound source. During the operating, noise when the ship passes though the lock is small, with small influence on functions of the sound environment. The ship shall be equipped with the effective muffler, and keep its normal operation. Noise emission standard shall satisfy Noise Level Provisions for Inland Ship. Noise from the ship horns and the loudspeaker for command operation on site is of the features of intermittent and sudden, with great influence on each sensitive point. For this kind of noise, it must take various means to lighten the effect on the surrounding environment as far as possible. When the ship passes through the lock, sound device shall be provided according to the regulations on ship safety navigation, and it is forbidden to whistle at random. Volume of the loudspeaker for command operation on site shall be controlled in daytime, and horn won’t be used at night for commanding, it is better to apply on-site command way. . 11.3.6 Solid Waste Solid waste from the ship expansion project during construction mainly is the household garbage caused by the earthwork excavation and the constructors. Total earthwork excavation of the project reaches 343700m?（including the discarded dregs 24800m? from removal of the old lock and management office, and 2800 m? for the topsoil stripped), total earthwork filling capacity 218300m2 and discarded earthwork 125400m?. There is 24500m? construction waste from removal of the old lock in the discarded earthwork, all the discarded earthwork is transported to the spoil area for centralized storage and disposal to the right bank of check gate. On the basis of 1.0kg/man·day, the household garbage produced by the constructors during construction totals 120t. Comprehensive utilization of the discarded soil and dregs will be combined with the current new rural construction, the old lock can be used for construction of tractor road and the discarded soil can be used as the raw material of bricks and tiles plant. Before use of the temporary discarded soil and dregs, soil and water loss control measures for the temporary excavation area must be done well according to the soil and water conservation plan of the project. Linquan Water Supplies Bureau approved the spoil soil site of Yangqiao lock expansion project. Solid waste during the operating mainly comes from the domestic garbage produced by the lock management personnel and the workers on ship. On the basis of 1.0kg/man·day, 4290kg/a garbage will be produced from 13 on-duty lock working staff. The domestic garbage during construction and operating will be collected and transported to the city sanitation department for landfill disposal. For the domestic garbage produced by the working staff on ship, “it is forbidden to discharge the ship waste to inland waters. Ship waste must be accepted and disposed by the qualified organization” is clearly specified in Environmental Management Provisions on Inland Waters Pollution Prevention by Ship of The People’s Republic of China. The ship shall be equipped with waste storage containers with cover, free from leakage or overflow, or collect the waste in bags, to classify, collect and store the waste produced, so as to meet the requirement of ship waste storage during navigation. It is forbidden to use any disposal foaming plastic tableware that cannot be degraded. 11.3.7 Accident Risk Analysis After the project is completed, it will effectively increase the ships passing through Yangqiao lock, improve the navigation capacity of Fenquan River. But due to accidental factors, collision or sinking may be caused. According to the freight forecast during operating and the related statistical results, most of the ships in and out are coal, building materials and chemical materials, sinking of coal and building materials will exert small influence on the water body, but that of the chemical materials will influence the water greatly. During the environmental impact assessment, we shall make risk analysis on the chemical materials transportation. According to the probability calculation for ship collision, it shows that the possibility of collision is less; but according to the principle of probability theory, this small probability accident may occur. And once it occurs, it will produce the serious destructive effect on the waters, such as: kill the fishes in river, poison the organisms, do harm to the downstream intake. Therefore once a chemical material accident occurs, it will product great effect. 11.4 Environmental Protection Measures11.4.1 Environmental Protection Measures during Construction 1. Water environmental protection measures For the construction slurry wastewater produced by aggregate flushing, concrete mixing and construction site during construction, the temporary facilities must be built, such as collecting tank, settlement tank, oil separator and drainage ditch. The waste and sewage shall be collected separately and discharged after it enters the sewage treatment device and is treated in the oil separator and sedimentation tank. Construction ship shall be provided with oil-water separator or oil receiving device, to discharge the wastewater after treatment. Strengthen the safety production education for the constructors, regularly maintain and timely repair the construction equipment, to avoid water environmental pollution because of accident during construction. 2. Atmospheric environmental protection measures In order to prevent dust, move the discarded soil and dregs from the site timely, cover the surface of yellow sand and cement, water the construction site and roads to effectively reduce the fugitive dust. Tires of the transport vehicles must be cleaned immediately.For the roads for soil and slurry transportation, special persons shall be provided to check and clean them, to guarantee their cleanness. Wind shield shall be provided around the aggregate stacking yard, and location of the stacking shall be arranged reasonably, to reduce the fly dust possibly caused. Broken bag or the cement scattered on ground shall be timely cleaned. The road entering and leaving the stock yard shall be watered, keeping its moisture, or lay bamboo basketry or straw bag on it, to reduce the fugitive dust caused by the vehicle passing by or wind. The cement shall be saved in a special warehouse, cement scattered on ground shall be timely cleaned. Enclosed operation is adopted on the construction site, guardrail and barrier are provided around the site, to reduce the influence of fugitive dust on the surrounding. Cover or water the excavated soil, and timely carry it away. 3. Sound environmental protection measures Reasonably arrange the construction time. Construction shall be executed in daytime nearby the residential area, to reduce the strong noise machine on the residents around. It is forbidden to use the mechanical equipment not meeting the national noise emission standard and choose those with low noise, to reduce the noise influence degree and scope of the major construction machines. Strengthen the maintenance and repair of construction machines, stop the noise due to improper maintenance. The mixing station shall be far away from the residential area, with a sound proof wall. When the old lock is to be exploded, strengthen the security, and inform the residents nearby in advance. Strictly prohibit the constructors and residents nearby to stay in the blasting area, avoiding a hearing damage. Reasonably arrange the driving route and time of construction vehicles to enter or leave the site, with limited speed. Strengthen traffic management for the transport vehicles around the construction area, whose number of horns shall be minimized, to avoid traffic noise increased to the surrounding due to congestion. Strengthen civilization construction and provide noise shield: provide a movable simple noise shield nearby the noise source and a containment barrier on construction area, to shorten the affected distance of noise transmission. 4. Solid waste disposal Solid waste from earth excavation and demolition shall be reused as far as possible, the underwater part of construction cofferdam unavailable and the sludge shall be stacked in the appointed stockyard. Cover the surface mellow soil of original bottom land on drying sludge or discarded soil, making the surface soil have good performance. During cofferdam filling and leveling of cover soil in stockyard, dig a trench for drainage and slope protection must be done well, to avoid water and soil loss. After leveling, the stockyard will be used as a land for greening. Construction waste and domestic garbage shall be collected and regularly cleared, to transport to the refuse landfill. 5. Ecological environmental protection measures Surface excavation shall be minimized during construction, to lighten the damage to surface plants. Control the slope surface and gradient formed by excavation as required by soil and water conservation, avoid construction in the rainy season. After completion of the project, clean and level the temporary construction site timely, to restore the original functions as far as possible. If it fails, plant trees and grass. Strengthen the control measures for water and soil loss on the spoil area. To reduce the influence of water and soil conservation, slow down the side slope as 1:4. After the discarded soil is stacked well, leveling and greening measures must be taken as quickly as possible in spoil area and its nearby places, to reduce the influence of water and soil loss. Plant a large area of trees, flowers and grassland within the project management area, to prevent water and soil loss. 11.4.2 Environmental Protection Measures during Operation Period The household garbage shall be collected and transported by the sanitation department to the garbage disposal plan for landfill. Domestic sewage of the lock management area is discharged to the downstream after it meets grade 2 in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard （GB8978-1996）with treatment by buried sewage treatment facility (bio-contact oxidation + disinfection). Strengthen the publicity and education for the shipping personnel, enhance the supervision and management of domestic garbage on ship and discharge of oily wastewater, install oil-water separator on the ships in and out, and prohibit to directly discharge the ship domestic wastewater and oily sewage to the lock area without treatment. It is forbidden to discharge ship garbage to water. Ship engine shall be equipped with effective silencer, and guarantee it to work normally. The noise emitted shall satisfy Noise Level Regulations for Inland Ship. For the high noise from the horn on site and ship horns, various means must be taken to reduce the influence on the surrounding environment. When different ships are passing through the lock, horn shall be used as per the related provisions for ship safety navigation, random whistling is forbidden. Volume of the horn on site shall be controlled in daytime, which won’t be used at night, adopting on-site command mode. 11.5 Public ParticipationIn May of 2009, Anhui Provincial Academy of Environmental Science carried out three times of public participation adopting media publicity, department visit and questionnaire survey when compiling EIA Report on Yangqiao Lock Expansion Project on Fenquan River. The first is at early EIA (May 11-21, 2009), to give a notice in form of media publicity in Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website at early EIA ); The second time is to have a survey for the governmental departments and residents along the project in form of posting up a notice and questionnaire survey before the report is formally compiled. 120 questionnaires were issued and 120 ones were returned, with 100% recovery rate. The survey involves in the residential areas and organizations around the project construction area as well as the pubic possibly affected nearby; the third time is to give a notice in form of media publicity on Fuyang Local Marine Bureau website after completion of the first draft of EIA Report (version within Anhui province ) (June 15-25 of 2009). Feb. -June of 2013. After authorization, the assessment group again has executed the public participation for twice in form of media publicity, department visit, post up a notice, questionnaire survey and forum according to the related requirements of World Bank in public participation and on the basis of Environmental Impact Report on Yangqiao Ship Lock Expansion in Fenquan River, including: in the early of May of 2013, executed the public participation again for the governmental departments and residents along the project in form of department visit, questionnaire survey and forum, to understand the opinions on the environmental impact and requirements of environmental measures from the public. We issued 100 questionnaires and returned 94 ones. After completion of the EIA report draft (World Bank version), it is published in form of media publicity on the websites of Transport Department of Anhui Province, Fuyang Local Marine Bureau and Anhui Port Construction Investment Group, and the complete report is saved in Yangqiao ship lock management office. The citizens may obtain and read it, to increase the approach and degree of familiarity to the project. The contents published include the main assessment conclusions and environmental measures of EIA (World Bank version), to fully take the opinions and advices from the representative directly affected by the project, and widely seek for advices from different social circles. It is learned from the public participation survey results in two stages that the public support the project generally, considering the project will improve the navigation capacity of Fenquan River, with small influence on the living and working environment of the residents nearby. At the same time, the public has clearly understood the environmental impact caused by the project, showing great concern on the ship construction noise and stench sludge. Meanwhile they think that the environmental pollution problem produced is within the acceptable scope, and they can accept the environmental impact after the environmental countermeasures and mitigation measures raised in the report are implemented. The public wish that the environmental pollution control and environmental management during construction can be done well when the project is implemented, to realize the maximum environmental, social and economic benefits, as well as the sustainable development path.11.6 Comprehensive ConclusionYangqiao lock is one of the major hydraulic structures in Fenquan River pivotal project, which directly affects water traffic of bulk cargoes of Linquan County. Water transportation route starts from Fenquan River via Shaying River, and enters Huaihe River, finally reaches Yangtze River via Beijing-Hangzhou canal. The expansion project will obviously improve the shipping conditions of Fenquan River, speed up the material circulation and promote rapid development of regional economy. After the analysis made on the various environmental impact factors, the assessment considers that the most important environmental problem of the project comes from the adverse environmental impact caused by discharge of wastewater, noise, exhaust and solid waste during construction and operating to the affected area of the project, which shall be effectively avoided or lightened after necessary environmental measures. Construction of the project satisfies the requirements in Anhui Provincial Inland Shipping Development Plan, Urban Maser Planning in Fuyan, Overall Planning of Fuyang Port (2008-2025) and water conservancy development outline （2006~2010）in Linquan county during the 11th Five-year Plan. Yangqiao lock expansion project will exert no adverse effect on the current riverway and flood control nearby Linquan, and it conforms to the related planning. Site of the lock meets the master planning of Yangqiao town. Arrangement of the lock and the water facilities will not interfere with each other, no basic farmland will be occupied. Power supply and water supply system are guaranteed, therefore the project site is feasible. The public participation results show that the public supports Yangqiao lock expansion project. In general, the establishment of the project will have favorable social, environmental and economic benefits. Its construction is feasible in view of environmental protection. Appendix:1. Official reply of domestic EIA Appendix:2. Temporary land use agreement Appendix: 3. Public Participation Questionnair3188970-248094500Fig. 2. The total construction floor plan ................
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