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Directions: As we prepare for the AP exam, you need to know which areas require the most review.

Please differentiate between:

- the items that you know well.

- the items that you need some review.

- the items about which you have no clue.

abnormal behavior

absolute threshold

accommodation (sensory)

Accommodation vs. assimilation

acetylcholine

acetylcholine & Alzheimer's

achievement test

activation-synthesis theory of dreaming

acquisition during conditioning

adaptation

adaptive behavior

adrenal gland

afferent neuron

afterimage

agonist/antagonist

agoraphobia

Mary Ainsworth

algorithm

all-or-none response

alpha waves

Gordon Allport

altruism

amygdala

anatomy of ear

angular gyrus

anterograde amnesia

antisocial personality disorder

anorexia nervosa

anxiety disorders

APA ethical guidelines (4)

aphasia

approach-approach conflict

approach-avoidance conflict

aptitude test

Elliot Aronson

arousal theory

Solomon Asch

assimilation (Piaget)

attachment style (Ainsworth)

attraction

attribution theory

authoritarian style

authoritative style

autism

autonomic/somatic nervous system

availability heuristic

aversive conditioning

avoidance-avoidance conflict

avoidant personality disorder

axon

babbling stage

Albert Bandura

basic trust

basilar membrane

behavioral psychologist

Aaron Beck

belief bias

binocular cues: retinal disparity & convergence

biofeedback

bipolar neurons (eye)

bipolar disorder

Blakemore & Cooper study

blind spot

borderline personality disorder

Broca's area

building block of nervous system

bulimia

bystander effect

Cannon-Bard theory of emotion

case study

catatonia

catharsis

Raymond Cattell

cerebral cortex

cochlea

Norm Chomsky

chunking

circadian rhythm (25 hr.)

classical conditioning

clinical depression

closure

cochlea

cognitive dissonance

cognitive psychologist

Collectivism vs. individualism

color blindness

compulsions

computerized axial tomography (CAT)

cones

conditioned taste

aversion

confirmation bias

conformity

confounding variables

conservation

content validity

continuity

control group

convergent thinking

conversion disorder

corpus collosum

correlation

correlational study

cortisols

counterconditioning

criterion-related validity

critical period

crystallized intelligence

cross-sectional study

defense mechanisms

deindividuation

deinstitutionalization

delta waves

delusions

dendrite

denial

dependent variable

depressant

depth perception

Rene Descartes (nature/nurture?)

descriptive/inferential statistics

diagnostic labeling

dichotic listening

difference threshold (JND)

diffusion of responsibility

discrimination (conditioning)

displaced aggression

displacement

dissociation vs. social influence theory of hypnosis

dispositional attribution

dissociative identity disorder

divergent thinking

dopamine – relationship to schizophrenia

double-blind

Down syndrome

drive-reduction theory

drug categories & examples (ex. ecstasy, morphine, etc.)

DSM-IV-TR

dysthymic disorder

Hermann Ebbinghaus

echoic memory

eclectic approach

efferent neuron

ego

egocentrism

eidetic memory

electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)

electroencephalogram (EEG)

emotion

empirically derived

encoding

endorphins

enlarged, fluid-filled areas in cerebral tissue & schizophrenia

epinephrine

episodic memory

Erik Erikson (all stages)

evolutionary perspective

expectancy or set

experiment

experimental psychologist

experimenter bias

explicit memory

external locus of control

extinction of conditioned response (how?)

extraversion/introversion

extrinsic motivation

Eysenck’s personality theory

factor analysis

false consensus effect

feature detectors (Hubel & Wiesel)

feel-good, do-good phenomenon

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

figure-ground

fixation

fixed-interval schedule

fixed-ratio schedule

flashbulb memory & amygdala

flaws in research design

fluid intelligence

fovea

foot-in-the-door phenomenon

framing

free association

frequency theory vs. place theory in hearing

Sigmund Freud

frontal lobe

frustration-aggression principle

fugue

functional fixedness

functional MRI (fMRI)

functionalism (philosophical basis)

fundamental attribution error

g factor (Spearman)

GABA

Phineas Gage

Franz Gall (phrenology)

ganglion cells (eye)

ganzfeld procedure

Gardner’s theory of intelligence

gate-control theory

gender schema theory

general adaptation syndrome

generalized anxiety disorder

gestalt therapy

gestalt principles of grouping: proximity, similarity, continuity, connectedness, closure

Carole Gilligan

glial cells

grammar

group polarization

groupthink

gustatory receptors

gyrus cinguli

habituation

hallucinations

Harry Harlow

heuristic

heritability

Hilgard & hidden observer (hypnosis theory)

hindsight bias

hippocampus

histrionic personality disorder

holophrase

homeostasis

hormones

Karen Horney

humanistic psychologist

hypnogogic sensations

hypnosis

hypochondriasis

hypothalamus

iconic memory

id

illusory correlation

implicit memory

implosion therapy

imprinting

incentive

motivation

independent variable

inner ear (structures & functions)

insight

instinct

insulin

issues in psychology: stability/change, rationality/irrationality, nature/nurture

intelligence quotient (calc. & def.)

interneurons

internal locus of control

interposition

intrinsic motivation

William James

James-Lange theory of emotion

Carl Jung (collective unconscious)

just noticeable difference

just-world phenomenon

kinesthetic sense

Lawrence Kohlberg (3 stages of morality)

Wolfgang Kohler

Elisabeth Kubler-Ross

language acquisition (theories)

latent dream content

lateral hypothalamus

law of effect (Thorndike)

L-dopa

learned helplessness

left frontal lobe & depression

left hemisphere

lens

lesion

LeVay’s studies

librium

limbic system

linguistic relativity hypothesis

lithium

lobotomy & Egas Moniz

John Locke (nature/nurture?)

Elizabeth Loftus & reconstructive memory

longitudinal study

long-term potentiation

Konrad Lorenz

lymphocytes (T & B)

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

major depressive disorder

mania

manifest dream content

Abraham Maslow & hierarchy of needs

maturation

mean

measures of central tendency

median

medical model of disorders

medulla oblongata

memes

menarche

mental age

mental construct

mental set

mere exposure effect

metacognition

middle ear

Stanley Milgram

mirror-image perceptions

MMPI

mnemonic device

mode

modeling

monocular cues: relative size, interposition, relative clarity, texture gradient, relative height, relative movement, linear perspective, light & shadow)

mood-congruent memory

morpheme

motor & sensory cortex

motor neuron

Muller-Lyer illusion

multiple personality disorder

myelin sheath

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

narcissistic personality disorder

narcotic

negative reinforcement (NOT punishment)

neural networks

neurosis

neurotransmitters (inhibitory & excitatory)

night terrors vs. nightmares

night vision

norepinephrine

normal distribution

norms

null hypothesis

object-relations theory

observational learning

obsessions

occipital lobe

olfactory (only sense to bypass thalamus)

operant conditioning (must know cold)

operational definition

opponent-process theory

opposing tendencies

optic chiasm

optimistic explanatory style

oval window

overjustification effect

panic disorders

parallel processing

paranoia

parietal lobe

partial (intermittent) reinforcement

Ivan Pavlov

perceptual constancies

permissive style

person-centered psychotherapy

phenylketonuria(PKU)

pheromones

Phi phenomenon

phobias

phoneme

physiological addiction

Piaget's stages of development (must know cold)

pituitary gland

placebo

pleasure principle/reality principle

pons

positive reinforcement

positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia

positron emission tomography (PET)

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

place theory (hearing)

placebo

plasticity

prejudice

primacy effect

primary/secondary reinforcers

proactive interference

procedural memory

projection

projective test

prolactin

prototype

proximity

psychoanalysis

psychodynamic (derived from Freud)/psychoan- alytic (Freud)

psychophysics

psychosexual stages

psychosis

psychotherapy

punishment

random assignment

random selection

randomization

rational-emotive therapy (Ellis)

rationalization

reaction formation

recency effect

reciprocal determinism

reciprocity norm

refractory period

regression

regression toward the mean

rehearsal

reliability

REM sleep

replication

repression

representativeness heuristic

research: case study, naturalistic observation, correlational studies, longitudinal research, cross-sectional studies, experiments

resistance (in psychoanalysis)

respondent behavior

response bias

reticular formation

retrieval

retroactive interference

retrograde amnesia

reuptake

reversibility

right hemisphere

rods

Carl Rogers

rooting

Rorschach test

Rosenhan’s study & diagnostic labels

savant syndrome

scapegoating

Sandra Scarr

scatterplot

Schacter's two-factor theory

schema

schizoid personality disorder

schizophrenia (4 types)

seasonal affective disorder (SAD)

secondary sex characteristics

selective attention

self-actualization needs

self-efficacy

self-fulfilling prophecy

self-serving bias

Martin Seligman

Hans Selye

semantics

semi-circular canal

sensorineural hearing loss vs. conduction loss

sensory adaptation

sensory neuron

serial position effect

serotonin

set point

sexual response cycle

shape constancy

shaping

short-term memory

signal detection theory

similarity (in perception)

situational attribution

size constancy

skewed left (or right) distribution

B. F. Skinner

sleep apnea

sleep spindles

social exchange theory

social facilitation

social inhibition

social learning theory

social loafing

social trap

sodium & potassium/action potential

somatoform disorder

split-half reliability

spontaneous recovery

spotlight effect

SSRI

standard deviation

Stanford-Binet

state-dependent learning

stereotype

Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence

stimulant

stimulus generalization

storage (memory)

stroboscopic motion

structuralism (philosophical basis)

subjective well-being

sublimation

subliminal messages

superego

superordinate goals

sympathetic/parasympa- thetic nervous system

symptoms of schizophrenia

synapse

syntax

systematic desensitization

taste aversion (Garcia & Koelling study)

telegraphic speech

temporal lobe

temperament

teratogens

Lewis Terman

terminal buttons

terror-management theory

testosterone

thalamus

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Theory X/Theory Y

threshold (neural firing)

thyroxine

token economy

tolerance

top-down/bottom-up processing

trait theory

transduction

transference

Type A & B personalities (Friedman & Rosenman)

validity

variable-ratio schedule

variable-interval schedule

variance

ventromedial hypothalamus

vestibular sense

visual capture

visual cliff

John B. Watson

Weber’s law

Wechsler intelligence scales

(WAIS, WISC)

Wernicke's area

Benjamin Whorf

Withdrawal

Wilhelm Wundt

Yerkes-Dodson Law

Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory

z-score

Robert Zajonc

zygote

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