Graphs - FREE Chemistry Materials, Lessons, Worksheets ...



KEY

Chemistry: Graphs

Reading Graphs

Being able to read a graph is a very important skill. Many fields of endeavor, including science, politics, and economics often use graphs to quickly and effectively relate a large amount of information.

Look at the graph on the right and answer the questions.

1. What is the label on the x-axis? Time

…the y-axis? Temperature

2. What units are used to describe these labels?

…x minutes …y oCelcius

3. Describe in detail what you think the experimenter

did to get the data for this graph.

(S)he warmed a pot of frozen water over a

hot plate for ~12 minutes, while recording the

temperature every minute. The ice warmed to

its melting point after 4 minutes and melted for

an additional 4 minutes. The water then warmed

for 2 more minutes until it began to boil.

4. Over what time interval(s) does the temperature

remain constant? Include units.

4 – 7.5 minutes and 10 – 12 minutes

5. Over what time interval(s) is the temperature

rising? Include units.

0 – 4 minutes and 7.5 – 10 minutes

6. What is the temperature of the water after four

minutes? Include units.

0 oCelcius

7. At what time is the temperature 10oC? Include units.

100 oCelcius

Creating Graphs

All good graphs have several items in common. All good graphs…

1. have a title at the top.

2. have axes that are labeled, with proper units.

3. are neat, and easy to read.

4. use most of the available space.

|Time |Total Distance Bicycled (km)|

|8:00 a.m. |0 |

|9:00 a.m. |12 |

|10:00 a.m. |23 |

|11:00 a.m. |33 |

|noon |42 |

|1:00 p.m. |50 |

|2:00 p.m. |57 |

|3:00 p.m. |63 |

|4:00 p.m. |68 |

Using the table on the previous page, prepare a graph that illustrates this data about a bicycle trip.

Distance covered during eight hour bike trip

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

(time of day)

a. How would you expect the graph to look if data were available for 5 and 6 p.m.? Then, identify one factor that might cause the graph NOT to look like this.

The total distance covered would be about 70 km at 5 pm and 75 km at 6 pm.

The biker may have stopped to eat dinner or be finished riding the bicycle for the day.

b. Use your graph to estimate the total distance traveled by 10:30 a.m. Can you be absolutely certain of this value? Why or why not?

At 10:30 am, the biker traveled approximately 28 kilometers. No, you can’t be certain. If the biker

Were riding at a constant rate, we would have more confidence in our estimate. They may have had a flat tire at 10:05 and not rode any distance until 10:35 and then peddled very fast to get back on pace.

c. Compare the distance traveled during the first hour of the trip with the distance traveled during the last hour of the trip. Suggest a possible explanation for the difference. How is this difference illustrated on the graph?

The first hour of the trip, the bicyclist traveled 10 km and they only covered 5 km in the last hour of the trip. They were likely getting tired from bicycling all day long. The terrain may have gotten rougher or the weather worse during the last hour of the trip. You can see the decreased distance as the slope of the line flattens out.[pic]

-----------------------

Time (minutes)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Temperature (o Celcius)

100

50

0

Distance (km)

80[pic]

90[pic]

70[pic]

0[pic]

10[pic]

20[pic]

30[pic]

40[pic]

50[pic]

60[pic]

8 am 10 am noon 2 pm 4 pm 6 pm 8 pm 10 pm

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