The Lancet



Supplementary MaterialNumber at risk (number censored)DOC21 (0)21 (0)20 (1)14 (7)11 (10)10 (11)N-DOC36 (0)35 (1)34 (2)34 (2)34(2)33 (3)Supplementary figure1. Kaplan-Meier curves for overall survival by onset type (DOC and N-DOC) Supplementary Table 1. Comparison between DOC and N-DOC for survival time. Number of SubjectsNumber of Events (death)Mean survival time (days)95%CILower boundUpper boundDOC2111181160202N-DOC363211199223Overall5714200189212Test of equality of survival distributions between the two onset-symptom groups (DOC or N-DOC):Long-Rank (Mantel-Cox) p<0.001; Breslow (Generalized Wilcoxon): p<0.001; Tarone-Ware: p<0.001CI= Confidence Interval; DOC= Delirium-onset COVID-19; N-DOC= non-Delirium-onset COVID-19 AppendixDEMENTIAS DEFINITIONDementia, referred to as major neurocognitive disorder in DSM V, is a significant cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in one or more cognitive domains which interfere with independence in everyday activities. The different forms of dementias are classified on the basis of their underlying pathologies, which are largely defined by the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates in vulnerable regions of the brain that precedes clinical deficits by years. Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia that affects memory, thinking and behaviour. It is a dual proteinopathy defined by the coexistence of extracellular aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) and intracellular aggregates of hyperphosphorylated tau (P-tau) that correlates with progression of cognitive deficits. Vascular dementia (VaD) is a decline in thinking skills caused by conditions that block or reduce blood flow to various regions of the brain, depriving them of oxygen and nutrients. VaD shows heterogeneous clinical presentations depending on the severity of the blood vessel damage and the part of the brain affected. Lewy body dementia (LBD) is the third most common cause of dementia after AD and VaD. LBD include Lewy Body Disease (DLB) and Parkinson Disease Dementia (PDD), which lie along a clinicopathological continuum defined by characteristic intracellular α-synuclein aggregates (Lewy bodies) that cause dysfunction of cerebral neuronal networks. The defining clinical features of DLB localize to cortical and subcortical structures, with the ensuing characteristic combination of cognitive and motor dysfunction including fluctuating cognition, recurrent visual hallucinations, and parkinsonism.Mixed dementia (MixD) is a condition in which brain changes representing more than one type of dementia occur simultaneously. Symptoms may vary, depending on the types of brain changes involved and the brain regions affected. ................
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