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Who were the early empire-builders? Teacher copyColonies in …Names of empire-buildersTheir motivationsSummary of what happened in the colonyWhat England gained from itAmerica(p103 in textbook and on board)Walter RaleighSet up England’s first colony in North America to compete with the Spanish, and to get rich by discovering gold.Elizabeth I encouraged him – she would get one-fifth of any gold and silver he found.3 trips to North America, 1584-87. First attempted colony at Roanake failed after the colonists came into conflict with Native Americans.Learning lessons from Roanoke, in 1607 the first successful English colony was founded in Jamestown, Virginia (named after James I and Elizabeth I respectively).A permanent settlement in North America and the start of its empire there.No gold or silver but started to grow and trade tobacco and cotton.Status – it made England more important to have an overseas colony.Known as the ‘Pilgrims’ – Puritans from EnglandTo escape restrictions on their religion in England and find somewhere to worship freely.Over 100 Puritans set up the colony of Plymouth, New England, but soon ran into problems and nearly starved.Local Native American tribes supplied food and farming advice. The first Thanksgiving was held to celebrate and show gratitude.Another colony in North America and better understanding of how to survive there.More people moved to North America to religious reasons afterwards.India(p103 and pp122-3 in textbook)James LancasterWilliam HawkinsThomas RoeTo compete with the Portuguese (and the Dutch and the French!).To develop trade in the Far East and make lots of money.East India Company set up in 1600.Trading posts set up in Java, trading in spices, but the company’s focus shifted to India.Hawkins had trouble setting up an English trading post in Agra, the capital of the Mughal Empire. The Portuguese were already powerful there and the local India leader, Jahangir, didn’t want to upset them.The English defeated the Portuguese in 1612 and were then allowed to trade in Agra.The Portuguese remained a threat, but Roe persuaded Jahangir to provide protection for the new English trading post.During the 18th century, the East India Company was the biggest trading company in the world.Huge wealth – although the East India Company was a private one, they had to pay tax to the English government.More status: successful colonies in the East and in North America now.Who were the early empire-builders?Colonies in …Names of empire-buildersTheir motivationsSummary of what happened in the colonyWhat England gained from itAmerica(p103 in textbook and on board)A permanent settlement in North America and the start of its empire there.No gold or silver but started to grow and trade tobacco and cotton.Status – it made England more important to have an overseas colony.Known as the ‘Pilgrims’ – Puritans from EnglandTo escape restrictions on their religion in England and find somewhere to worship freely. Another colony in North America and better understanding of how to survive there.More people moved to North America to religious reasons afterwards.India(p103 and pp122-3 in textbook) Huge wealth – although the East India Company was a private one, they had to pay tax to the English government.More status: successful colonies in the East and in North America now. ................
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