Users.rowan.edu



Introduction to the Study of Kinesiology

Objectives of Introduction

• Define Kinesiology & its components

o anatomical, physiological, biomechanical

• Understand its importance to your field (how will you use it/why do you need to study it)

o Physical Educator

o Health Promotion & Fitness Management

• Introduce the following terms:

o Mechanics - static vs dynamic

o Kinetics vs Kinematics

o Effectiveness vs Efficiency

o Qualitative vs Quantitative approaches

o Scalar vs Vector Quantities

o Kinetic Chain

Kinesiology..What Is It?

• Study of human movement from a view of the physical sciences

o Anatomy – musculo-skeletal

o Physiology – neuro-muscular

o Mechanics – biomechanics (application of physics to human motion)

• Structures that participate in movement, follow physical & physiological principles

o **nothing happens by chance

o view movement with amazement (appreciation)

Who needs Kinesiology?

• Physical Educators

• Strength & Conditioning Specialists

• Athletic Trainers

• Physical Therapists

• Personal Trainers

• Coaches

• Physicians

• Massage Therapists

• Nurses

• Exercise equipment engineers

• **all can be considered “Human Movement Specialists”

Who Benefits from Knowledge Gained from Field of Kinesiology

• Physical Education Teachers (CCC Standard 2.5)

o “all students will learn & apply movement concepts & skills that foster participation in physical

activities throughout life”

o CPI

▪ “analyze and apply movement concepts, biomechanical principles. Apply principles of

physiology/kinesiology”

• Health Promotion Fitness Management

o ACSM – 1.1 – “knowledge of functional anatomy & biomechanics (terminology & principles)”, “describe joint movements & ROM, curvatures of spine, function of muscle groups/description

of movement

o NSCA – “demonstrate & understand – muscle physiology, NM adaptations, principles of biomechanics, anatomy, physiology”

3 Primary Reasons for Study

• Teach to move safely, effectively, and efficiently

• Understanding normal movement allows identification of abnormal movement which can lead to muscle imbalances, injuries, & lack of optimal performance

• Teach others how to strengthen, improve flexibility, & maintain parts of human body

• Not only know how & what to do in relation to conditioning & training but also know WHY specific exercises are done in conditioning & training (ie – rotator cuff)

Mechanical Characteristics of Human Movement (p.69 & 70)

• Mechanics – study of forces & motion of any system: why & how is movement occurring (view as machine)

• laws & principles of forces & motion (physics)

• biomechanics – mechanics of living systems

• Statics – factors associated with systems in a constant state of movement (can be at rest or moving at constant velocity) all forces balance out (equilibrium)

• gymnast, posture, worker, cycling (constant speed)

• Dynamics – factors associated with moving systems

• accelerating or decelerating (Vf – Vi)/time

• forces are unbalanced

Mechanical Characteristics of Human Movement (p. 69 & 70)

• Kinematics – description of motion including time, displacement, velocity, acceleration, space factors of a system’s motion

• Arthrokinematics – ability of joint to move through its biomechanical ROM

• Kinetics – study of forces acting on body that influence movement

Approaches for Studying Movement

• Qualitative approach – describing movement in non-numerical terms (viewing, NOT measuring)

o ability to recognize components in movement & correct

▪ watching tennis serve, throwing a baseball

• Quantitative approach – describing movement in numerical terms (measure)

o speed, force produced, distance moved; requires equipment

Quantities to Describe Motion (p. 79, 81, 82)

• Scalar quantities - single quantities, describe ONLY magnitude

o speed, distance, degrees, area, volume, mass

• Vector quantities - double quantities; describe magnitude & direction

o velocity, force (weight), displacement (angular vs linear)

• The Kinetic Chain (p. 208-210)

o Describes how the nervous, muscular, & articular system work together to provide coordinated movement

o Kinetic: force transference b/w these systems

o Chain: interconnected linkage of all joints in body

• Repetitive stress, trauma, sedentary lifestyle, poor posture, improper movements result in impairment & injury (creates “human movement impairment”)

Helpful Websites

• floyd17e; ; ;

................
................

In order to avoid copyright disputes, this page is only a partial summary.

Google Online Preview   Download