ENGLISH PONUNCIATION PRACTICE



ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION PRACTICE

WEEK I

ENGLISH SOUNDS [ i: ] AND [ I ]

A. Recognizing phonetic symbol [ i: ]

From now on, whenever we see an alphabetic symbol flanked with brackets, for ex. [ i: ] or slanting lines / i: /, we have to recognize that it is the symbol of a sound. This is to be compared with a letter i pronounced as as [aI] in the alphabet. In short, [ i:] is a phonetic symbol, whereas i is is an alphabet.

B. Listen carefully how to pronounce the sound [ i: ]

[ i: ] [ i: ] [ i: ] [ i: ] [ i: ]

Now, repeat the sound again and again until you get quite familiar with it. This is called a long vowel in English. We can find this sound in the English words such as in:

see neat

beat Keat

reel deed

eat feel

read lead

Now repeat after the pronunciation model given to you.

Remember, this must be contrasted with our Indonesian or Javanese sound [ i ] which is relatively shorter than the English [ i: ], such as found in the words:

Siti piti

wangi pipi

sandi gigi

pelangi ipar

kita lelaki

Now, pronounce the above Indonesian words. Then pronounce the following pair:

city Siti

pity piti

nasty Nasti

baby babi

Do you feel the difference? Can you explain the difference?

C. Listen and repeat

deem evil Oedipus

beam indeed obscene

jean repeat increase

peace speaker Sophocles

clean canteen concrete

wean between ingenuous

lean meaning ice-cream

cheese redeem evening

cheek theses gangrene

feel bleeding extreme

kneel machine complete

D. Reduced long vowels

Note: Long vowels, for ex. [ i: ] have their length considerably reduced when they occur in a syllable closed by [p, t, k, t , f, ( , s, ʃ, tʃ ], e.g. reap, beat, seek, seat, , beseech. This shortening of the vowel is highly significant in distinguishing a word such as seat from seed.

E. Listen and repeat

Reduced long Long vowels

Vowels

seat seed

neat need

beat bead

feet feed

beseech siege

leak league

bleat bleed

heat heed

leaf leave

peace please

To guarantee good and correct pronunciation, we have to adhere to this reducing and lengthening of the long vowel [ i: ]. This rule is applicable for all long vowels other than [ i: ] such as [a:, u:, ə: and ɔ:]

F. Recognizing the symbol [ I ]

This is another English front vowel which is shorter than the English [ i: ] and the Indonesian [ i ], but exactly the same as the Indonesian [ I ].

G. Listen carefully how to pronounce the sound [ I ]

[ I ] [ I ] [ I ] [ I ] [ I ] [ I ] [ I ]

Repeat this sound as many times as possible. This is a short vowel which can be found in quite a great number of English words, such as:

bit knit

fill gill

pill mill

till kill

quit rid

Remember, we do not have to struggle to pronounce this English sound, for, fortunately, [ I ] can be found in numerous Indonesian or Javanese words such as in:

apik ganjil

kripik batik

sikil akil

pitik mangkir

bedil sate

Now compare the following:

Sikil She kills.

Do you see any difference?

H. Listen and repeat

pill stingy synonym

drill until hypocrisy

bring slippery dignity

king sticky integrity

ring springy enriching

sing dingy entreaty

blink chilly military

kill ticket economic

hill silly businesses

mill bitterly origin

I. Pronounce the following pairs and contrast the [i:] to the [ I ]

beach bitch

seal sill

Neal nil

feel fill

heel hill

eel ill

steal still

meal mill

heat hit

read rid

deep dip

leak lick

J. Sentences for practice

1. Did we win quickly and easily in the battle field?

2. Please, bring me a piece of sheet, not a piece of shit.

3. The eel which is very slick and slippery tickle women with glee.

4. She greets me by singing and dancing in the middle of the tilled field.

5. Bins along the streets are places in which we need to get rid of stinky rubbish.

WEEK II

ENGLISH SOUNDS [ ɛ ] AND [ æ ]

A. Recognizing the English phonetic [ ɛ ]

That is another front vowel of the English language. You have to pronounce it the way the lecturer models it for you.

B. Listen carefully how to pronounce the sound [ ɛ ]

[ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ] [ ɛ ]

Now, repeat the sound again and again until you get quite familiar with it. This is called a front short vowel in English. This English sound is present in English words such as the following:

set death

let read

met death

net breath

get health

C. Similarity to the Javanese and Indonesian vowels

There should be no difficulty whatsoever in pronouncing this particular English sound for we can find this vowel in both Javanese and Indonesian words such as in:

Javanese Indonesian

tewel bawel

elek jelek

legrek korek

cowek cobek

gaplek lembek

rempeyek pencoleng

rembes kaleng

patek caleg

dedel togel

menter luber

Do you see the similarity between the English [ ɛ ] and the Indonesian/Javanese [ɛ]? Now pronounce those words above so that you can have the precise feeling of how to pronounce the English sound [ ɛ ]

D. Now listen and repeat.

bell genuine decorate

hell regret speculate

Ben inject authentic

dealt neglect eventual

felt jealous identity

best envy represent

jet motel professional

tell deaden investigation

vet threaten intelligent

yet healthy metropolitan

precious

E. Recognizing the English vowel [æ]

This particular sound does not exist either in Javanese or Indonesian. Therefore, you have to pronounce it the way it is modeled to you.

[ æ ] [æ] [æ] [æ] [æ] [æ] [æ] [æ]

Keep pronouncing this sound until your jaws become tense and painful, indicating that you have pronounced it correctly. This sound is found in English words such as in:

hat mat

sat pat

cat chat

bat gnat

rat fat

D. Now listen and repeat.

Of course, this particular sound exists in other numerous English words, such in the following words:

hat began vocabulary

dad chatting fantastic

flat happy vampire

glad patting evaluate

sack react reality

clap enact financial

lad happen flashback

flag anger candidate

sag shadow eradicate

lag stagger outstanding

gag collapse democrat

nag kidnap tobacco

Pronounce them properly so that the sound [æ] is clearly distinguished.

E. Compare the sounds [i:], [I], [ɛ] and [æ]

[i:] [I] [ ɛ ] [æ]

sea sit set sat

leak lick Lego lack

sleep slip slept slap

lead lid led lad

deep dip depth dappled

beat bit bet bat

eat it et at

feel fill fell fallacy

heal hill hell halal

cheap chip check chap

neat nit net gnat

F. Sentences for Practice

1. Hell or Heaven is a place where men head for their eventual end.

2. Rat, rat, rat, under a mat, has made a fat man mad.

3. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

4. Ten men felt very upset bending next to a bed set.

5. A mad cat ran after a fat and tattered rat battling inside a damaged

sack.

WEEK III

ENGLISH SOUNDS [ə] AND [ə:]

A. Recognizing the English sound [ə]

This is a central vowel of English. Listen after the model.

[ə] [ə] [ə] [ə] [ə] [ə] [ə] [ə] [ə]

Repeat this sound as many times as necessary until you get very familiar with it. You can find this particular sound occurring English words such as in the following:

data palace teacher

fatal familiar ransom

forum computer handsome

cactus pompous Indonesia

This sound should not create any difficulties at all for us in pronouncing it for it exist in both Javanese and Indonesian; for example,

Javanese Indonesian

laler kerap

bener benar

kejer enyah

klenger benar

kier-kier sedu-sedan

Pronounce the words above the see and to feel the similarity or sameness of the English [ə] to/as the Javanese and Indonesian [ə].

B. Now listen to the models and repeat.

Be sure to pronounce [ə] on the bolded letters.

number diligent helicopter

clever hamburger intelligent

centre Oedipus barbarous

pollen gigolo explanation

aqua similar agriculture

Christmas chrysalis experiment

chorus separate chronology

fatigue humerus eucalyptus

custom fortunate plagiarize

business awaken sophisticated

awkward glaucoma pedestrian

ahead impetus opportunity

C. Recognizing the sound the English central vowel [ə:]

This is one the central vowel of the English language. Listen after the model.

[ə:] [ə:] [ə:] [ə:] [ə:] [ə:] [ə:] [ə:]

From the model, we can feel that this sound is relatively longer than Indonesia in its pronunciation. Neither Javanese nor Indonesian has this particular sound. What we have in Javanese and Indonesia are only short [ə] and not long [ə:] like the one in English. Therefore, do it accordingly in pronouncing it.

D. Now listen and repeat.

Don’t forget to pay attention to the bolded letters!

surf reserve pertinent

infer further fertilizing

dirty berserk fraternity

incur circular infirmary

insert furlough personnel

virtue urbanite university

expert terminal terminator

return interpret preferment

certain emerging conservative

furnish researcher determination

service detergent reverberating

burning purchasing imperturbable

E. Sentences for practice

1. He never flirts at the girl serving in the first counter.

2. Her further services were no longer worth considering.

3. Herbal treatment serves as an alternative cure cancer.

4. Birds oh birds, can you console her with your frequent chirps?

5. Banana and pajama succeed as entertainers of distant viewers.

6. Cucumber and basil are vegetables which must be preserved in a

refrigerator.

WEEK IV---V

ENGLISH SOUNDS [ʌ] AND [a:]

A. Recognizing the sound [ʌ]

This is a short lower and central vowel of the English language.

[ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ] [ʌ]

Pronounce it again and again although you seem to be already quite familiar with that sound. This is clear because we can find numerous words in both Javanese and Indonesian containing the above sound, such as in the following:

Javanese Indonesian

keplak pantas

tape kapan

kecap dekap

galak lindas

pager sadap

Now, you have more confidence in pronouncing this particular vowel in English which you can see below:

but button

hut supper

shut sunny

gut muddle

slum uppercut

B. Listen and repeat after the models given to you.

Of course, we can find the vowel [ʌ] in many other word contexts.

blood adjust buccaneer

flood confront buffalo

mud justice hurricane

dub hurry industrial

lush luggage fulminate

gulf jumbo fundamental

love monkey inculcate

nun funny illustrious

run sudden convulsion

bun current indulgent

thus bluffing vulgarian

grunt become understand

C. Recognizing the sound [a:]

This is the long lower vowel of English which does not exist in either Javanese or in Indonesia. Therefore, care must be taken in lengthening this sound in English.

Now, pronounce this sound slowly but correctly.

[a:] [a:] [a:] [a:] [a:] [a:] [a:] [a:]

You can find this sound in the following:

car ajar

bar father

laugh derby

tar garment

sharp enlarge

D. Now listen and repeat after the model given to you.

rather harem Barcelona

plant garden marvelous

fast alarm department

star darning harmonica

mast enchant disembark

half lather parvenu

clerk spartan artificial

dance pardon larceny

lark advanced sharpener

dark slander incarnation

E. Recognizing the short vowel [ɔ]

This is an English back short lower vowel. It exists in both Javanese and Indonesia. Therefore, you have the capacity of pronouncing it without any difficulty at all. Now pronounce this sound slowly and correctly.

[ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ] [ɔ]

Pronounce this sound again and again although you can do it with ease. Of course, the reason you can do it easily is because this sound can be found in numerous words in Javanese and Indonesian, for example:

Javanese Indonesian

botok sedot

owol-owol gopoh-gopoh

ngompol dongkol

cendol seronoh

mogok bocor

lombok tertolong

endog bahenol

We can find this sound in English words:

hot bottom

pot common

shot trodden

not horror

got dollar

F. Listen and repeat after the models given to you.

chop doldrums quality

pop forgot botany

doll donor astonished

lob hotel alcohol

shone dialogue protocol

crop donkey wandering

from promise Honolulu

John volley rhinoceros

cot soccer phonology

moth sloppy philosophical

knock coral solitary

croc bossy astronomy

G. Recognizing the English sound [ɔ:]

This is a long lower back vowel of English. It does not normally exist in either Javanese or Indonesian. However, to produce it, it is not too difficult for us. We just recognizably lengthen the existing sound [ɔ] we have in Javanese, Indonesian and English.

[ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:] [ɔ:]

Now try to pronounce the above sound as many times as you can until you get the proper length of pronunciation.

We can find this sound in English words such as the following:

caught fought

author morning

abort assort

northern George

door sore

H. Now listen and repeat after the models given.

ball dinosaur informal

mores enforce dormitory

boring abortive autonomy

roar portable moratorium

shore mourning horticulture

floor mortuary troubadour

nor before mausoleum

autumn folklore organization

alright adoring pornography

talk forerunner porcupine

gorgeous forwarding consortium

sword assaulted deplorable

I. Compare the sounds [ʌ ], [a:] [ɔ], and [ɔ:].

[ʌ ] [a:] [ɔ] [ɔ:]

hut heart hot hoard

bun barn Bond born

gut guard god gorge

dun darn don adorn

gun garlic gone gaudy

cup carp cop corpse

but Bart bottle boredom

J. Sentences for Practice

1. Paul saw more horrible dolls beyond the door.

2. Rotten and poisonous corns cause horror in the dorm.

3. She got a chance to guard the corn barn in the northern part of the farm.

4. John Barn falls from the gondola and therefore got hurt in his gall.

5. Cut up your bloody tongue until you come up with the fun.

WEEK VI

ENGLISH SOUNDS [Ʊ] AND [u:]

A. Recognizing the English sound [Ʊ]

This is the upper back short vowel of English. The articulatory quality of this sound is similar to the Javanese or Indonesian [Ʊ]. Pronounce the sound repeatedly so that you get used to it.

[Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ] [Ʊ]

We can find this sound in English words such in the following:

good soot foot

look hook hood

wood woof nook

The [Ʊ] in English sound can also be found in the Javanese and Indonesian language. Which can be seen below:

Javanese Indonesian

kuntul ampuh

kumuh pengampun

Inul rindu

bekatul rumah

janur kusut

rukun amburadul

udun patuh

brenjul rapuh

tuyul gundah

B. Now listen and repeat after the model.

regulate mushroom

insulation perambulator

masculinity triangulation

tuna-fish speculate

educator graduate

formula incubus

inoculate modulator

duration neighbourhood

gesticulate individuality

influenza monument

C. Recognizing the English sound [u:].

This is the last English vowel, a long one. It does not exist in either Javanese or Indonesian, but we can pronounce it if we consciously lengthen it a little while. Now do it.

[u:] [u:] [u:] [u:] [u:] [u:] [u:] [u:]

Repeat pronouncing this long sound again and again until you get familiar with the length of this sound, which is the characteristic of the long sound of English. We can find this sound in English words such as the following:

loot cool

rude cute

pool root

tool mute

fruit rule

D. Listen and repeat after the model given to you.

loop recruit beautiful

soup future university

flute cubism cucumber

crucial purity mutilation

musical amusing lugubrious

nude mutual repudiate troop reproof executed

proof reduce executor

useful schedule multitude

shooting suitable scrupulous

Tuesday barracuda ingratitude

Puma mutiny ubiquitous

pursue utilize opportunity

E. Sentences for practice.

1. It’s not good to pursue the book by hook or by crook.

2. The pool is full of good-looking dudes.

3. Bush and pools make humans cool.

4. A loop is a tool to hook a moving bandicoot.

5. Soot on the boot couldn’t fool the viewers.

WEEK VII

ENGLISH SOUNDS [eI] AND [aI]

A. Recognizing the sound [eI]

This is a diphthong which does not exist in either Javanese or in Indonesian. Therefore, care must be taken in pronouncing it. Now practice pronouncing this sound:

[eI] [eI] [eI] [eI] [eI] [eI] [eI] [eI]

Remember, this sound is not the same as the pure vowel [I]. It is the gliding of one vowel into another, in this case, from the vowel [æ] into [I] and of course it is slightly longer. Try to pronounce the following and make sure that the sound is different from [I]:

shape late

fate sake

tape great

mate say

gate may

Now, are you already familiar with this sound? Hopefully, you are.

B. Listen and repeat after the models given to you.

hay elucidate demonstrate

decay ricochet recapitulated

gate inundate appropriate

nail regulating intoxicated

drain awaken felicitations

painter eradicate consolidate

whale amazing incinerating

beret potatoes endanger

AWOL tornado inauguration

female serenade assassinating

great suffocate indoctrination

gaol emulate exaggerate

C. Recognizing the sound [aI]

To familiarize yourselves with this sound, please pronounce it again and again.

[aI] [aI] [aI] [aI] [aI] [aI] [aI] [aI]

This is a diphthong that does not normally exist in either Javanese or Indonesian, but it is present a great deal in English, such as found in the words:

night fighter

die final

cry island

fly idea

height myopic

D. Now listen and repeat after the models given to you.

agile crocodile versatile

futile dynamic vandalizing

idol bribery biological

tired qualify contrariwise

china perspire hospitalize

hymen exciting worthwhile

quite eyesight rhinoceros

deny spellbinding hydrogen

ivory incline stylistic

wiper suicide itinerary

liable dilute diagnosis

docile reciting synchronize

E. Recognizing the sound [ɔI]

We can only find this sound in one or two words in Indonesian, such as sepoi-sepoi and asoi, but hopefully we will have no difficulty in pronouncing it. Now, look at this words:

toy hoist

voice enjoy

join annoy

point convoy

boy loiter

F. Listen and repeat after the models given to you.

foil

noisy

choice

coinage

appoint

spoilage

moisture

avoidance

boisterous

employment

G. Identify the vowels and diphthongs present in the words below

and then pronounce them.

tale boil sail gale

dine kind mail bean

steak turn born hopper

sojourn coughing befall hiccough

plenary punish atoll fragile

survey phlegm crater forgot

draught drachma sprout cognac

cockney canard burglar bamboo

annulment guava downturn woodworm

askance country mistrust caramel

WEEK VIII

MID-SEMESTER TEST

WEEK IX

ENGLISH SOUNDS [ɛə] AND [aƱ]

A. Recognizing the diphthong [ɛə]

This is the most difficult diphthong in the English language. To some unwary persons, it will be pronounced like [ɛ], while, in fact, it is the glide from the vowel [ɛ] into [ə]. This sound does not have its counterpart in either Javanese or Indonesian. Therefore, special care must be taken in pronouncing it. Now. Let’s familiarize ourselves with this sound by pronouncing it slowly, repeatedly and of course accurately.

[ɛə] [ɛə] [ɛə] [ɛə] [ɛə] [ɛə] [ɛə]

Though it is not very easy to find this diphthong, we can find it in the following words:

hair care dare

fair lair share

flair rare chair

flare snare wear

B. Now listen and repeat after the models given to you below.

compare repair declare

square prayer mayor

tear glare blare

affair dairy earthenware

mare prepare aeroplane

hair pair fare

wear despair authoritarian

C. Recognizing the diphthong [aƱ]

This sound to a limited number exist in Javanese or Indonesia such as found in the words bau, tau, kau, daur, etc. However, in English we can find it in a greater number: for example:

now down

power howl

proud foul

found drought

cow how

Now practice pronouncing the above sound repeatedly until you get comfortably familiar with the length of that sound:

[aƱ] [aƱ] [aƱ] [aƱ] [aƱ] [aƱ] [aƱ]

D. Let’s practice the sound [aƱ] by pronouncing the utterances

below.

trounce trousers denounce

growl however cowardice

foul crowded pronounce

ounce empower mountain

plough outbound announce

mouse rebound endowment

crouch recount roundabout

scout thousand encounter

south ground tantamount

shower account paramount

bow devour espouse

E. Recognizing the sound [oƱ]

As far as Indonesian or English is concerned, there is not such a sound in either English or Indonesian. Therefore, you have got to be sure that this sound is pronounced relatively longer than the Indonesian or Javanese [o] like the one in the word ‘soto’ and ‘pelo’. Now practice pronouncing this sound again and again until you get the proper length of this diphthong:

[oƱ] [oƱ] [oƱ] [oƱ] [oƱ] [oƱ] [oƱ] [oƱ]

In English this diphthong can be found in the words:

so no

go slow

mow foe

crow doe

dough zero

F. Let’s have more practice to pronounce the sound [oƱ]

sorrow placebo Arizona

ovary phoneme negotiation

Eskimo jumbo flamingo

ghost corona enclosure

blow follow petroleum

zero cockroach malodorous

bellow tomato osteoporosis

over pneumonia pillow

focus wardrobe fiasco

yokel immobile diagnose

indigo fortissimo hemoglobin

shoal dynamo rosemary

WEEK X

THE ENGLISH SOUNDS [Iə] AND [Ʊə]

A. Recognizing the sound [Iə]

We are hardly able to find this particular sound in either Javanese or Indonesian, but English provides numerous words containing this diphthong, such as found in the words below:

hear mere

beer near

cheer sphere

happier area

jeer tier

Let’s familiarize ourselves with the diphthong [Iə] by pronouncing the above words.

B. More practice in pronouncing diphthong [Iə]

trendier experience serious

inferior superior career

courier copious laborious

atmosphere hemisphere salient

emporium criteria harmonious

museum opinion opium

euphoria revere appropriate (adj.)

encyclopedia egregious egalitarian

memorial criterion cafeteria

realize riotous material

C. Recognizing the sound [Ʊə]

This is another English diphthong which we cannot find in our native and national languages. In order to familiarize ourselves with this sound let’s practice pronouncing the following words:

tour tortuous

moor gourd

poor endure

tourism tournament

tourniquet gourmet

bureaucrat pure

immure arduous

voluptuous immature

D. Identify the vowels and diphthongs present in the words below

and then pronounce them.

trigger drainage routed

frugality arsenal Trojan

tortoise leisure disgusting

creature reservoir voyages

revenged tantalize sovereign

conflict addicted allergic

sofa favorite meadows

pompous serious authentic

criminal atmosphere promise

susceptible empire soldier

fortune mature slogan

turmoil deadening foliage

WEEK XI

SOME PROBLEMATIC CONSONANTS

A. The case of [b, d, g] in final position

There are more or less 24 consonants in English. However, we would only deal with those which may create a learning problem for us. Among those consonants are [b, d, g]. These English sounds will, in fact, not cause any pronunciation problem for the Indonesian if they occur in position other than the final one, for example:

bribery embroider

double endeavour

game regain

billboard aboard

deer redeem

grape forget

In final position, however, these sounds will be difficult to pronounce if we are not careful enough, by letting ourselves be influenced by our mother tongue. We will possibly replace these sounds with [p, t , k]. Therefore, care must be taken in pronouncing these sounds in English words. Here are some examples for you to practice:

leg examined

deed describe

rob jab

fog crab

lab sag

B. The case of pronouncing words ending in –ed or -e/s

Words ending in –ed or -e/s must be given proper attention in their pronunciation. The problem is that –ed is sometimes pronounced [-d], [-t] or [-Id] depending on the environment that precedes it. The same is true for the case of -e/s; it can be pronounced as [-z], [-s] or [-Iz] depending on the sound preceding it. For example:

lies [ laIz ] harvested [ ha:vIstId]

received [rIsi:vd] relieved [ rIli:vd ]

cheated [t∫i:tId ] potatoes [pəteItoƱz]

peanuts [pi:n(ts] dialogues [ daIəlɔgz ]

bushes [ bƱ∫Iz ] coughed [ kɔft ]

C. Now practice the following pronunciation.

laughed researched computers

reproached emphasized muscles

religions cultivated improved

deleted averages gazetteers

encompasses custodies enclosed

applied berets hiccoughed

surrounded explodes compromises

gratifies oranges advanced

rewired supposed pioneers

originated confusions comprised ayatollahs indulged buffalos

crushed withdraws unified

WEEK XII

EXERCISE OF WORD AND SENTENCE STRESS

A. Exercise on English word stress

When we read an English word, it is inevitable that we have to know not only the vowels, diphthongs, as well as consonants with which the word is formed, but also where the stress is given to its syllables. A slight lingering of the decision to put the stress on the proper syllable will result in inadequate pronunciation hurting the ears of our conversational partner/s. The problem is that if there are many syllables in a word it is not always easy to determine where the primary stress is. For this, we have to be diligent and persistent in looking up our pronouncing dictionary to find the correct stress pattern of each English word. Let’s see the following words; determine the strong stress pattern of each word and then pronounce it loudly, accurately and confidently:

Two-syllabic words:

fury bottle rigour

refer ceiling conflict

regret atom rattan

before remote recall

phoneme between jersey

sedan option rubbish

selfish rubric demon

affect object connect

rival deter retail

awake former expect

insect ticket canal

data affect turtle

Three-syllabic words:

cruelty enemy idea

departure edible financial

salvation adherent concerning

multiply banana singular

circular chromosome digestive

buccaneer confusion hemorrhage

penalty orphanage pharmacy

synthesis donation generate

resentful critical fantastic

beverage refugee eventual

Four-syllabic words

analysis laboratory expectation

symposium oratory obedient

orientate rectangular inimical

ridiculous polarized fidelity

impediment vulnerable interfere

anatomy botanical apology

propensity ceremony monumental

obesity practitioner plagiarizes

Multi-syllabic words

personalization metamorphosis agricultural

characteristic authoritarian aristocracy

archeology liberalizing librarianship

professionalism vocabulary intermediate

interchangeable hematology disciplinary

hippopotamus introductory deteriorating

impossibility morphologically extravaganza

B. Exercise on English sentence stress

The stress pattern on sentences is not at all easy to predict for it has to be traced back on the intention of the speaker. However, commonly speaking if the sentence has no emotional charge, the sentence stress will sound rhythmical following the pitch pattern of 3 1 3 1 3 1 by imposing the strong stress on the syllables of the words which normally receive a strong stress. For example:

I 'love you 'very 'tenderly 'darling.

She is 'interested in dis'cussing the 'matter with the 'manager.

To 'quit the 'habit of 'dilly-dallying is 'not something 'easy to 'do.

Sa'tanic cre'ations made by 'cantriks are 'terribly an'noying.

Suc'cess can only be 'reached by 'toiling and 'never by 'dawdling.

Your would-be 'parents-in-law will be 'very un'happy if you 'keep on

'blackmailing them.

Most 'students of the 'English de'partment do not 'know or they

'even ig'nore the im'portance of 'regular 'practice.

WEEK XIII

EXERCISE ON ENGLISH INTONATION

As a whole, there are three types of intonation in the English language, falling intonation, rising intonation and sustained intonation. Concerning with their application in sentences, let’s practice the following sentences.

A. Sentences with falling intonation

1. Go away!

2. Wait for me under the same banana trees, will you!

3. How embarrassed I was to see you behaving stupidly in front of my parents!

4. Some evergreen trees never cast their leaves in autumn and winter.

5. Don’t act like an idiot!

6. How often do you visit your parents-in-law-to-be?

7. For all cantriks, feeling bored and lethargic on Friday afternoon is the order of

the day.

8. Wow! What a wonderful scene!

9. Banaran without my kampong boy/girl friend in my side is barren; thus a

horrible place to live in.

10. Why can’t I get rid of the memory of intimately chatting with him in front of

the fire place?

B. Sentences with rising intonation

1. Does he or she always wait for you regularly and patiently under the same

tamarind tree?

2. Is it wise for students to keep paddling in a nearby river while the lesson is in

progress?

3. Can you always say sorry to someone when you have just done something

wrong to him?

4. Will it be OK for your parents if you marry that awfully tattooed guy?

5. Must all cantriks forget their kampongs in order to concentrate on their

university study?

6. Do you expect a snail to walk faster than a mouse-deer? Is it possible?

7. Good morning, Jake. You’re late again!

8. It’s immaterial to me whether you’re still a virgin or a widow; my love to you

remains unchanged and will never fade or let alone die.

9. Just wait! You’re pushing in!

10. Are you sure that your handsome Paijo or your dark-skinned Tinah will

remain faithful to you?

C. Sentences with sustained intonation

1. Among these animals, baby-mouse, cockroach, caterpillar, centipede and worm, which is the most disgusting?

2. In Semarang, a number of popular foods such as loempia, wingkobabat, bandeng presto, tahu pong, sate kerang and getuk kinco can be bought as

souveniers.

3. Red, white, blue, brown, green, purple and any combination of them are colours that make up the world.

4. Catfish, milkfish, mackerel, plaice, flounder and trout are kinds of edible

seafish.

5. Can we mention the names of parts of a tree? Yes, we certainly can. A tree consists of ………………, ……………………, ………………………, ………………………., ……………………, and ……………………

WEEK XIV

EXERCISE ON WEAK AND STRONG PRONUNCIATION

In order to achieve excellent pronunciation, students of English must recognize two degrees of pronunciation; they are weak and strong pronunciation. The majority of content words are mostly pronounced with strong pronunciation. On the other hand, function words cannot always be treated that way. In isolation, in emphatic situation and in final position of an utterance, function words are normally strongly pronounced. However, when occurring in context they are more often than not weakly stressed. See the following:

A. Strongly pronounced structural words

I don’t know who you are!

You shall kneel down before me or die in disgrace.

All of you like all subjects offered by the English department but

Phonetics and Pronunciation Practice, don’t you?

I do not love you anymore.

What the hell are you looking at?

This is the guy I’ve been searching high and low for ages.

Do you know who I really am?

Can you speak French? Oh yes, I can.

He did come to me and told me about his complaint.

She does not see that.

B. Weakly pronounced structural words

Most people are afraid of baby-mice but Pendekar does not.

Both Tom Cruise and Justine Timberlake are handsome.

Can you ride a bike with blind-folded eyes?

Look at me when I am talking to you!

From time to time, my affection to you is growing stronger and stronger.

They are fond of listening to music but not playing any of musical

instruments.

He left me here for a while half an hour ago.

Intan Nuraeni is much prettier than Tri Utami.

To me, life without mastering English is futile.

The guy that always loiters under that banana tree is my future husband.

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