Substance Use and It’s Influence on Driving Behavior



Substance Use and It’s Influence on Driving Behavior

Types of Alcohol

• Ethanol: a chemical in __________beverages

• Propanol: medical in nature

• Methanol: by-product of _____found in cleaning supplies

STANDARD “AVERAGE” SERVING SIZES

ANYWHERE YOU WANT TO GO….

How Alcohol Content is Determined

1. Know the _______ of Ethanol in the drink.

2. Know the size (oz.) of the ____________

3. Realize that bars, stores, restaurants sell what is called “standard size” drinks.

Sold By:

________= Beer & Wine Coolers

______= Wine & Liquor

4 Most Popular Beverages and Their Contents

12 oz. Beer > (typical drink of teenagers and males)

water, color, presser., chemicals, grains = _____,

ethanol = ____

12 oz. Wine Cool. > (typical drink of females)

water, fruit juice, sweeteners, color, chemicals = ____

ethanol = ____

5 oz. Wine > water, coloring, flavoring, chemicals, sweeteners… = _____

ethanol = ____

1.5 oz. Liquor > water, coloring, chemicals….. = ____

ethanol = _____

How to Find the Average Amount of Ethanol in a Drink

Average % of Amount of

Drink Size Contents Alcohol

Beer __ oz. X 5% ____ of oz.

Wine Cooler __ oz. X 5% ____ of oz.

Dinner Wine __ oz. X 12% ____ of oz.

Liquor __ oz. X 40% ____ of oz.

Multiply the ____ X ___ = how much Ethanol in a serving!!!!

** When ________________they all have the same amount of alcohol

(ethanol)

It’s math …… serving size (cup size) x ______________ =

How much alcohol is in the beverage when things aren’t standard”…….

X = .51 Ethanol in the serving

16 oz. 32%

X = .70 Ethanol in the serving

5 oz. 14%

Alcohol in, around and out of the body:

1st drink: to stomach; about ______ minutes = ____________ begins

Absorption: Alcohol goes through the ______ of the _________, into

The __________. There is now a _____________ and you are

“under the influence”.

What “things” can influence this 15-20 minute window of time?

1. Food in the stomach can affect how fast __________ begins. Proteins and __________ from soft drinks make alcohol leave _______ quicker; _________ and _______ slow it down.

• _______ foods (Pasta/Bread) help with absorbing alcohol.

• Non-healthy are not helpful….Dairy, _____, nuts are non-absorbing

• Look at these foods. Can you tell what is and is not going to help slow absorption???

• Males have an ________ that holds ethanol in the stomach. Females do not have that enzyme so ethanol enters the blood stream quicker, giving a faster _____.

Ethanol leaving the stomach

= enzymes

Male Female

After Absorption…..

• Once in the blood stream, the alcohol will travel EVERYWHERE that the ______ goes.

• Those body _____, which have a heavy liquid weight (____, ____),

will be affected the _______ and the ______. All functions that

they perform will be greatly reduced (OR DEPRESSED).

• The body will begin to try to ____________(get rid of)

the alcohol. In the _______, 90% of the alcohol is

the blood will be ________ (____________), 8% will be __________,

and 2% will be ____________.

• The body treats ethanol as a poison, get it? INTOXICATION

• The ________ process handles each drink = ________ for each drink (remember average serving size?)

So …..how long will it take the body to get rid of a six pack of beer?

• 1 – 6pack takes ___________ to clear the body.

- (75 minutes for each beer)

Alcohol’s Affect on the Brain and (Consequently) Driving:

Cerebrum: 1st outside layer (outside layer);

1st drink affects ability ____________

1st cells affected by ethanol

Limbic System: 2nd layer, important for “quality of life”…..

______, _______ activities, _________,

habits, speech, less inhibited behavior,

over-estimation of driving skills

Central Core: Hidden deep in the center of the brain, controls the _______

________ (heart/lungs). If paralyzed, (depressed) the result is ______.

** Alcohol is a drug and classified as a___________. It slows down every _________ that a person performs. Its influence of a driver’s abilities begins with the ____________.

Alcohol and Space Management

Searching:

• Alcohol

* ________ the field of vision

* lessens __________

* impedes the ability to _____________

• reduces the ability to rapidly change _____ from ____________

• may produce ___________ by relaxing the muscles that control

the eyes

• reduces the ability to ____________ accurately

• After drinking, a driver may tend to….

follow the taillights of the car ahead

or ______ at the center line

(road hypnosis)

Executing:

• Alcohol

• Causes changes in _____________

• Slows ______________

• Affects the ability to judge distance

- A driver may perceive something as ______________ than it is

• affects ability to judge speed

• drinking driver may be unable to judge speed of approaching _______

Evaluating:

• Alcohol

• Impairs ____________

• __________ the ability to process multiple variables

• Lessens the ability to _____________

Blood Alcohol Concentration Factors

BAC is the mathematical ratio of the percentage of alcohol in the bloodstream.

1 drop of ethanol per 1,000 drops of blood

Factors affecting BAC

1. ______ of a person (blood volume)

2. ____ spent drinking (75 minutes – thru the body)

3. ______ (enzyme in the male – helps)

4. Food (________ help)

5. Alcohol _______ and ______ of Drink

6. Pre-existing condition (health, mood…)

• Tolerance: the outside gets “_______” but the ethanol travels through the body the same as it did with the 1st drink ever taken.

• The higher the BAC, the higher the chances of _______ in a car wreck (you bleed faster and the type of crash is usually more severe).

Virginia’s Limits of Intoxication:

• Since ______________ the Commonwealth of Virginia uses the following limits to determine the level of intoxication:

* For adults (age 21 and older) the limit is _____.

* For minors (under 21) the limit is ____.

(ZERO TOLERANCE and USE AND LOSE LAWS)

** ___________ – NO amount of alcohol is allowed in the

body systems of a minor.

BAC above ___ = same penalties as an adult.

** ___________: If a minor “uses” any substance that is illegal,

it will result in the automatic loss of license until 18th birthday.

Remember that in our State, it is _______for persons under 21 to purchase or be in the _________ of _______ of alcoholic beverage.

What does “in possession” mean in court?

• What evidence is needed in court?

* your __________ at the time of being stopped (probable cause)

* your __________

* your _______, balance, ability to answer certain ?’s

* motor skills test (______________test)

* breath test used only for ___________

* Blood test: (1) person ______ breath test or

(2) ______ suspected

** The average DUI stop takes 2 hours.

Now is the time to remember the

IMPLIED CONSENT LAW

If asked to take a blood or breath test for suspected DUI, you have already agreed to do so when you signed your license

To refuse the test does not stop the problem. The policeman will still charge the DUI plus issue another ticket for “FAILURE TO COMPLY”

Drugs and Driving

(Prescription, OTC, and Street)

• Medications that affect driving ability

➢ antihistamines

➢ cold medications

➢ other – Prescriptions Medications

* tranquilizers

* stimulants

* narcotics

* ________

* blood pressure

* even allergy, ______….medications

**All of the above include both Doctor prescribed and _____________

med’s !!!!!!!

Effects of Marijuana on Specific Driving Functions

• Loss of ______________

➢ ability to keep vehicle traveling in a straight line

• Following distance: poor _____________… often following either too far or too close

• Attention/Focus on detail: not able to stay __________ on task/details…slow down your ability to “rank” and put things in _________ order.

• When using “best results” tests, can be detected up

to ________ after use.

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