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Directions: As we prepare for the AP exam, you need to know which areas require the most review.
Please differentiate between:
- the items that you know well.
- the items that you need some review.
- the items about which you have no clue.
abnormal behavior
absolute threshold
accommodation (sensory)
Accommodation vs. assimilation
acetylcholine
acetylcholine & Alzheimer's
achievement test
activation-synthesis theory of dreaming
acquisition during conditioning
adaptation
adaptive behavior
adrenal gland
afferent neuron
afterimage
agonist/antagonist
agoraphobia
Mary Ainsworth
algorithm
all-or-none response
alpha waves
Gordon Allport
altruism
amygdala
anatomy of ear
angular gyrus
anterograde amnesia
antisocial personality disorder
anorexia nervosa
anxiety disorders
APA ethical guidelines (4)
aphasia
approach-approach conflict
approach-avoidance conflict
aptitude test
Elliot Aronson
arousal theory
Solomon Asch
assimilation (Piaget)
attachment style (Ainsworth)
attraction
attribution theory
authoritarian style
authoritative style
autism
autonomic/somatic nervous system
availability heuristic
aversive conditioning
avoidance-avoidance conflict
avoidant personality disorder
axon
babbling stage
Albert Bandura
basic trust
basilar membrane
behavioral psychologist
Aaron Beck
belief bias
binocular cues: retinal disparity & convergence
biofeedback
bipolar neurons (eye)
bipolar disorder
Blakemore & Cooper study
blind spot
borderline personality disorder
Broca's area
building block of nervous system
bulimia
bystander effect
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
case study
catatonia
catharsis
Raymond Cattell
cerebral cortex
cochlea
Norm Chomsky
chunking
circadian rhythm (25 hr.)
classical conditioning
clinical depression
closure
cochlea
cognitive dissonance
cognitive psychologist
Collectivism vs. individualism
color blindness
compulsions
computerized axial tomography (CAT)
cones
conditioned taste
aversion
confirmation bias
conformity
confounding variables
conservation
content validity
continuity
control group
convergent thinking
conversion disorder
corpus collosum
correlation
correlational study
cortisols
counterconditioning
criterion-related validity
critical period
crystallized intelligence
cross-sectional study
defense mechanisms
deindividuation
deinstitutionalization
delta waves
delusions
dendrite
denial
dependent variable
depressant
depth perception
Rene Descartes (nature/nurture?)
descriptive/inferential statistics
diagnostic labeling
dichotic listening
difference threshold (JND)
diffusion of responsibility
discrimination (conditioning)
displaced aggression
displacement
dissociation vs. social influence theory of hypnosis
dispositional attribution
dissociative identity disorder
divergent thinking
dopamine – relationship to schizophrenia
double-blind
Down syndrome
drive-reduction theory
drug categories & examples (ex. ecstasy, morphine, etc.)
DSM-IV-TR
dysthymic disorder
Hermann Ebbinghaus
echoic memory
eclectic approach
efferent neuron
ego
egocentrism
eidetic memory
electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT)
electroencephalogram (EEG)
emotion
empirically derived
encoding
endorphins
enlarged, fluid-filled areas in cerebral tissue & schizophrenia
epinephrine
episodic memory
Erik Erikson (all stages)
evolutionary perspective
expectancy or set
experiment
experimental psychologist
experimenter bias
explicit memory
external locus of control
extinction of conditioned response (how?)
extraversion/introversion
extrinsic motivation
Eysenck’s personality theory
factor analysis
false consensus effect
feature detectors (Hubel & Wiesel)
feel-good, do-good phenomenon
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
figure-ground
fixation
fixed-interval schedule
fixed-ratio schedule
flashbulb memory & amygdala
flaws in research design
fluid intelligence
fovea
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
framing
free association
frequency theory vs. place theory in hearing
Sigmund Freud
frontal lobe
frustration-aggression principle
fugue
functional fixedness
functional MRI (fMRI)
functionalism (philosophical basis)
fundamental attribution error
g factor (Spearman)
GABA
Phineas Gage
Franz Gall (phrenology)
ganglion cells (eye)
ganzfeld procedure
Gardner’s theory of intelligence
gate-control theory
gender schema theory
general adaptation syndrome
generalized anxiety disorder
gestalt therapy
gestalt principles of grouping: proximity, similarity, continuity, connectedness, closure
Carole Gilligan
glial cells
grammar
group polarization
groupthink
gustatory receptors
gyrus cinguli
habituation
hallucinations
Harry Harlow
heuristic
heritability
Hilgard & hidden observer (hypnosis theory)
hindsight bias
hippocampus
histrionic personality disorder
holophrase
homeostasis
hormones
Karen Horney
humanistic psychologist
hypnogogic sensations
hypnosis
hypochondriasis
hypothalamus
iconic memory
id
illusory correlation
implicit memory
implosion therapy
imprinting
incentive
motivation
independent variable
inner ear (structures & functions)
insight
instinct
insulin
issues in psychology: stability/change, rationality/irrationality, nature/nurture
intelligence quotient (calc. & def.)
interneurons
internal locus of control
interposition
intrinsic motivation
William James
James-Lange theory of emotion
Carl Jung (collective unconscious)
just noticeable difference
just-world phenomenon
kinesthetic sense
Lawrence Kohlberg (3 stages of morality)
Wolfgang Kohler
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
language acquisition (theories)
latent dream content
lateral hypothalamus
law of effect (Thorndike)
L-dopa
learned helplessness
left frontal lobe & depression
left hemisphere
lens
lesion
LeVay’s studies
librium
limbic system
linguistic relativity hypothesis
lithium
lobotomy & Egas Moniz
John Locke (nature/nurture?)
Elizabeth Loftus & reconstructive memory
longitudinal study
long-term potentiation
Konrad Lorenz
lymphocytes (T & B)
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
major depressive disorder
mania
manifest dream content
Abraham Maslow & hierarchy of needs
maturation
mean
measures of central tendency
median
medical model of disorders
medulla oblongata
memes
menarche
mental age
mental construct
mental set
mere exposure effect
metacognition
middle ear
Stanley Milgram
mirror-image perceptions
MMPI
mnemonic device
mode
modeling
monocular cues: relative size, interposition, relative clarity, texture gradient, relative height, relative movement, linear perspective, light & shadow)
mood-congruent memory
morpheme
motor & sensory cortex
motor neuron
Muller-Lyer illusion
multiple personality disorder
myelin sheath
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
narcissistic personality disorder
narcotic
negative reinforcement (NOT punishment)
neural networks
neurosis
neurotransmitters (inhibitory & excitatory)
night terrors vs. nightmares
night vision
norepinephrine
normal distribution
norms
null hypothesis
object-relations theory
observational learning
obsessions
occipital lobe
olfactory (only sense to bypass thalamus)
operant conditioning (must know cold)
operational definition
opponent-process theory
opposing tendencies
optic chiasm
optimistic explanatory style
oval window
overjustification effect
panic disorders
parallel processing
paranoia
parietal lobe
partial (intermittent) reinforcement
Ivan Pavlov
perceptual constancies
permissive style
person-centered psychotherapy
phenylketonuria(PKU)
pheromones
Phi phenomenon
phobias
phoneme
physiological addiction
Piaget's stages of development (must know cold)
pituitary gland
placebo
pleasure principle/reality principle
pons
positive reinforcement
positive/negative symptoms of schizophrenia
positron emission tomography (PET)
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
place theory (hearing)
placebo
plasticity
prejudice
primacy effect
primary/secondary reinforcers
proactive interference
procedural memory
projection
projective test
prolactin
prototype
proximity
psychoanalysis
psychodynamic (derived from Freud)/psychoan- alytic (Freud)
psychophysics
psychosexual stages
psychosis
psychotherapy
punishment
random assignment
random selection
randomization
rational-emotive therapy (Ellis)
rationalization
reaction formation
recency effect
reciprocal determinism
reciprocity norm
refractory period
regression
regression toward the mean
rehearsal
reliability
REM sleep
replication
repression
representativeness heuristic
research: case study, naturalistic observation, correlational studies, longitudinal research, cross-sectional studies, experiments
resistance (in psychoanalysis)
respondent behavior
response bias
reticular formation
retrieval
retroactive interference
retrograde amnesia
reuptake
reversibility
right hemisphere
rods
Carl Rogers
rooting
Rorschach test
Rosenhan’s study & diagnostic labels
savant syndrome
scapegoating
Sandra Scarr
scatterplot
Schacter's two-factor theory
schema
schizoid personality disorder
schizophrenia (4 types)
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
secondary sex characteristics
selective attention
self-actualization needs
self-efficacy
self-fulfilling prophecy
self-serving bias
Martin Seligman
Hans Selye
semantics
semi-circular canal
sensorineural hearing loss vs. conduction loss
sensory adaptation
sensory neuron
serial position effect
serotonin
set point
sexual response cycle
shape constancy
shaping
short-term memory
signal detection theory
similarity (in perception)
situational attribution
size constancy
skewed left (or right) distribution
B. F. Skinner
sleep apnea
sleep spindles
social exchange theory
social facilitation
social inhibition
social learning theory
social loafing
social trap
sodium & potassium/action potential
somatoform disorder
split-half reliability
spontaneous recovery
spotlight effect
SSRI
standard deviation
Stanford-Binet
state-dependent learning
stereotype
Sternberg’s triarchic theory of intelligence
stimulant
stimulus generalization
storage (memory)
stroboscopic motion
structuralism (philosophical basis)
subjective well-being
sublimation
subliminal messages
superego
superordinate goals
sympathetic/parasympa- thetic nervous system
symptoms of schizophrenia
synapse
syntax
systematic desensitization
taste aversion (Garcia & Koelling study)
telegraphic speech
temporal lobe
temperament
teratogens
Lewis Terman
terminal buttons
terror-management theory
testosterone
thalamus
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
Theory X/Theory Y
threshold (neural firing)
thyroxine
token economy
tolerance
top-down/bottom-up processing
trait theory
transduction
transference
Type A & B personalities (Friedman & Rosenman)
validity
variable-ratio schedule
variable-interval schedule
variance
ventromedial hypothalamus
vestibular sense
visual capture
visual cliff
John B. Watson
Weber’s law
Wechsler intelligence scales
(WAIS, WISC)
Wernicke's area
Benjamin Whorf
Withdrawal
Wilhelm Wundt
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory
z-score
Robert Zajonc
zygote
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