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GS1- Current Affairs1965 war with Pakistan- it’s the 60th anniversary this year, so expect a questionUNESCO award for Kerala temple: Sri Vadakunnathan templeKalamandalam Satyabhama, who re-invented Mohiniyattam, passed away recentlySpice route IndiaVachana literature (dead Kannada writer): ‘to stay in one place’; time of reflection; involves 8 days of intensive fasting, prayers, and repentanceJain Paryushan festivalTipu Sultan- important bc rajnikanth Tharu, Madhesi, JanajatiRed Sanders is found commonly in AP's Seshachalam hills; prime target for smugglersOn which festival is Jallikattu played?PongalNepal earthquake was due to a ‘thrust fault’, which occurs when a tectonic plate forces itself on top of the otherWhat is the difference between epicenter and hypocenter of an earthquake?Maharana Pratap (Mewar)- 475th birth anniversary this year; Battle of Haldighati and Battle of Dewar were fought between his forces (Mewar) and Akbar’s forces; he lost the first but kind of won the secondWhat is a heat wave? (the maximum temperature exceeds 40?C in the plains and 30?C in the hills. Further, the departure from the seasonal average should be 5-6?C, while a severe heat wave is 7?C or more above average)Are heat waves associated with high or low atmospheric pressure zones?Heat waves form when high pressure aloft strengthens and remains over a region for several days up to several weeks. This is common in summer (in both Northern and Southern Hemispheres) as the jet stream ‘follows the sun’. High pressure traps heat near the ground, forming a heat waveFracking and shale gasWhy does air density decrease as we go higher (altitude)?MS Viswanathan- musician, died recentlyIndian-Indonesian 'Top' flow ocean currentJamini Roy was a famous painter who recently passed away; he drew paintings with Santhal tribes as his subjectsNawab Wajid Ali Shah was the last Nawab of Awadh before the province was acquired by the British in 1856 under the Doctrine of LapseNabakalebar Festival: Lord Jagannath focused; held at Puri. Old idols in temples are replaced by new ones. The?Stone Chariot at the Vijaya Vittala temple complex in Hampi, Karnataka?will now adorn the new Rs. 10 noteThe Stone Chariot is among the six monuments — the others are the Red Fort in Delhi; the Sun Temple in Konark, Odisha; the Taj Mahal in Agra; the Goa churches and the Padmapani painting in the Ajanta Caves — to have been chosen to feature on new currency notesAbout Hampi:Hampi is one of the?UNESCO World Heritage Sites?in India located near Hospet town in Karnataka, within the ruins of the city of Vijayanagara, the former capital of the Vijayanagara EmpireThe emperor Ashoka’s minor rock edicts in Nittur & Udegolan (both in Bellary district, Karnataka) lead one to believe that this region was within the Ashokan kingdom during the 3rd century BCEA Brahmi inscription & a terracotta seal dating to the 2nd century CE were also discovered from the excavation siteIt is situated on the banks of the Tungabhadra RiverHampi has various notable Hindu temples with some vedanta mythology inside the temples, some of which are still active places of worship.Prime Minister, ShriNarendra Modi, recently inaugurated the birth centenary celebrations of Rani Gaidinliu. Gaidinliu (1915–1993) was a Naga spiritual and political leader who led a revolt against British rule in India.At the age of 13, she joined the?Heraka religious movement?of her cousin HaipouJadonang. The movement later turned into a political movement seeking to drive out the British from Manipur and the surrounding Naga areas.Within the Heraka cult, she came to be considered an incarnation of the goddess Cherachamdinliu.Gaidinliu was arrested in 1932 at the age of 16 (participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement), and was sentenced to life imprisonment by the British rulers. Jawaharlal Nehru met her at Shillong Jail in 1937, and promised to pursue her release. Nehru gave her the title of “Rani” (“Queen”), and she gained local popularity as Rani Gaidinliu.She was released in 1947 after India’s independence, and continued to work for the upliftment of her people.An advocate of the ancestral Naga religious practices, she staunchly resisted the conversion of Nagas to Christianity.She was honoured as a freedom fighter and was awarded a Padma Bhushan by the Government of IndiaShri Narayan Guru- 161st anniversary: Narayana Guru (1854 – 1928) was a social reformer. He has been credited with transforming the social fabric of kerala and changing the beliefs of keralites in ways unimaginable at that point in time.He was born into an Ezhava family in an era when people from such communities, which were regarded as Avarna, faced much social injustice in the caste-ridden society of Kerala. In 1888, he installed an idol of siva at Aravippuram in Kerala in his effort to show that the consecration of god’s image was not a monopoly of the brahmins. This is popularly known as Aravippuram movement.The above event also inspired many socio religious reform movements in the south including Temple Entry Movement.Sallekhana/Santhara: The Supreme Court has restored the Jain religious practice of a ritualistic fast unto death by staying an order of the Rajasthan High Court, which compared it to an act of suicideJains had protested against the order, saying suicide was sin, whereas santhara was religionSome also argued that the order violated the Fundamental Rights guaranteed under Article 21 and 25 of the constitutionSanthara means a fast unto death. A person after taking a vow of ‘Santhara’ stops eating and even drinking water and awaits death; ultimate goal is purifying body and mind and facing death voluntarilyIt is reserved only for the old and the invalid and is practised rarelyBagha Jatin:In 1904, a young Jatindranath Mukherjee fought with a Royal Bengal tiger all alone, killed it with the help of a dagger and earned the epithet ‘Bagha Jatin’Bagha Jatin was the principal leader of the Yugantar party.He is one of the founders of the Anushilan Samiti, the principal revolutionary organisation operating in Bengal in the early 20th centuryBagha Jatin proudly took the path of violence and dedicated himself to the cause of Purna Swaraj (total independence) as opposed to the framework of Indian National CongressThe basic dance steps of Mohiniattam are the Adavus – Taganam, Jaganam, Dhaganam and SammisramNuakhai is an agricultural festival mainly observed by people of Western Odisha in India. The word?nua?means new and?khai?means food, so the name means the farmers are in possession of the newly harvested rice.It is observed to welcome the new rice of the seasonHailstorm: Any thunderstorm which produces hail that reaches the ground is known as a hailstorm. Hail is a form of solid precipitation. It consists of balls or irregular lumps of ice, each of which is called a hailstoneHail formation requires environments of strong, upward motion of air with the parent thunderstorm and lowered heights of the freezing level. In the mid-latitudes, hail forms near the interiors of continents, while in the tropics, it tends to be confined to high elevation.Sannati is located on the banks of the Bhima in Chittapur in Karnataka.It is a well-known Buddhist site.The only available sculpture of Emperor Ashoka, in a limestone relief, along with his consort, was found here. It was sculpted on the orders of an unnamed grandson of Ashoka. People suspect that Ashoka, who had visited Sannati during his second sojourn to south India, had died there. It is possible theAshoka’s tomb could be somewhere among the mounds in the Sannati siteHigher inflation for perishables such as meat and fish point towards lack of availability of cold storage facilitiesBathukamma is Telangana’s floral festival, traditionally celebrated by women across the state.The festival is celebrated for nine days during DurgaNavratri.It represents cultural spirit of Telangana.In Telugu, ‘Bathukamma’ means ‘Mother Goddess come Alive’.It is the state festival of TelanganaWestern Ganga Dynasty: It was an important ruling dynasty of ancient Karnataka. Some experts believe that the dynasty lasted from about 350 to 1000 ADThey are known as ‘Western Gangas’ to distinguish them from the Eastern Gangas who in later centuries ruled over Kalinga (modern Odisha)After the rise of the imperial Chalukyas of Badami, the Gangas accepted Chalukya overlordship and fought for the cause of their overlords against the PallavasThe Chalukyas were replaced by the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta in 753 AD?as the dominant power in the DeccanThe Western Gangas accepted Rashtrakuta overlordship and successfully fought alongside them against their foes, the Chola Dynasty of Tanjavur. The defeat of the Western Gangas by Cholas around 1000 resulted in the end of the Ganga influence over the regionThey showed tolerance towards all faiths. They are most famous for their patronage toward Jainism resulting in the construction of monuments in places such as Shravanabelagola and KambadahalliSome more Jain temples, believed to be some of the oldest ever, have revived interest in them ................
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