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Chapter 3 PERSIA Chart—Postclassical Europe

Use Chapter 3 to fill in the chart. For full credit: put all of the terms in the box below into the right column and row, and add a DESCRIPTION.

|Include the following WITH DESCRIPTIONS: autocrats Avignon Papacy Battle of Tours Black Death/Bubonic Plague Catholic Church Crusades fall of Constantinople feudalism Gothic |

|architecture Great Schism habeas corpus |

|Hagia Sophia Hundred Years’ War Justinian Justinian’s Code Magna Carta manorialism monasteries Mongols nationalism Roman Romanesque architecture Scholasticism Thomas |

|Aquinas |

| |BYZANTINE EMPIRE |RUSSIA |

|Political (3.2-3.4) | - Autocrat- dual rulers (secular and religious) |Mongols conquered Russia (for this they remain |

|specific names of leaders, type of |- Fall of Constantinople- Turks sack Byz. Emp |Isolated, backwards and unsophisticated |

|government, war, treaties, courts, |- Justinian- Autocrat emp. Of Byz Empire ( | |

|laws, capital cities |“Roman Lake” (almost as large as Roman | |

| |Emperor Augustus | |

| |- Hagia Sophia- Justinian’s stunning church | |

| |- Justinian Code- preserved & simplified Roman law | |

|Economic & Social (3.6) |Byzantine empire (like Rome) declined because of problems with invaders |Didn’t interact with many civilizations due to Mongol rule |

|trade goods, trade partners, food |(Romans-Visigoths/ Byzantines-Turks 1453) | |

|production, taxes, social classes, | | |

|gender issues | | |

|Religious (3.5) |Great Schism- Off. Split btw. EO and RC Church | |

|holy books, beliefs and teachings, | | |

|religious morals, deities (gods), | | |

|burial practices | | |

|Ideas/Inventions (3.8) | | |

|philosophy, inventions, technology, | | |

|writing, literature, engineering | | |

|Arts/Architecture (3.7) |Art was influenced by Roman Art |Art was influenced by Roman Art |

|painting, sculpture, buildings |-Most Famous was Hagia Sophia | |

| |WESTERN EUROPE EARLY MIDDLE AGES |WESTERN EUROPE HIGH & LATE MIDDLE AGES |

| |(500-1050) |(1050-1453) |

|Political (3.2-3.4) | -Feudalism- political system used in the early Middle |Habeas Corpus-(Eng) protect citiz. from wrongful arrests |

|specific names of leaders, type of |Ages (de-cent govt./ based on social hierarchy meant |Hundred Years’ War- FR vs. Eng over terr. Claims/ Fr wins |

|government, war, treaties, courts, |to protect Europe from invasions |Joan of Arc- |

|laws, capital cities | |Nationalism- created during 100 Yrs War helped end |

| | |Feudalism |

| | |Magna Carta (1215) King John submits to nobility on |

| | |Issues of taxes and arrests (parliament) “No free man |

| | |should be seized or put in prison unless he has legally |

| | |committed a crime” (Habeus Corpus) |

|Economic & Social (3.6) |Manorialism- Medieval economic system where there was little to no trade |Crusades caused European trade to increase |

|trade goods, trade partners, food |-Feudalism- (Social Structure) Hierarchy (King, Nobles, Knights, Serfs) |Bubonic Plague “Black Death” and disease decreased the population from 1340-1450. Also |

|production, taxes, social classes, | |led to a decline in feudalism |

|gender issues | | |

|Religious (3.5) |-Avignon Papacy-2 Popes (1 France/1 Rome) | - Catholic Church- most powerful institution |

|holy books, beliefs and teachings, |-Battle of Tours (Charles The Hammer defeats Moors) |-Crusades- Byzantine/Catholic popes try to take the Holy |

|religious morals, deities (gods), |-Saves Christianity and France from Islam |Land from Muslims |

|burial practices |-Catholic Church- Most powerful institution |- Great Schism- official split between E.O. & RC Church |

| |-Crusades- Byzantine/Catholic popes try to take the Holy Land |- Power of Popes declined in the later middle Ages (because of |

| |from Muslims |Great Schism, Avignon Papacy, and more literacy |

| |-Monasteries- centers of religion and education (learning) | |

|Ideas/Inventions (3.8) | |Thomas Aquinas- Summa Theologica- created a synthesis of Christian works and those of |

|philosophy, inventions, technology, | |Aristotle. He outlined this philosophy, called Scholasticism, (Studying God can help a |

|writing, literature, engineering | |person to understand man, since man was made in God’s Image) |

| | |Boccacio- “Decameron”- collections of tales supposedly told by people trying to escape |

| | |the Black Death. Giives us valuable info about responses & attitudes toward the |

| | |epidemic. Also expose the bawdy side of Medieval life quite a bit, showing us what |

| | |Medieval people thought was interesting or funny. |

|Arts/Architecture (3.7) | Painting- very simple |Gothic Cathedrals-using flying buttresses, which |

|painting, sculpture, buildings |Tapestries-fabric wall-hanging with pictures |were supports that came out from the side of |

| |woven into it. These were very expensive and |the wall to help hold up the weight |

| |used to decorate the homes of the rich. |stained glass windows, which helped to teach the illiterate about Bible stories. |

| |Romanesque Cathedrals-very thick walls and small, |Gargoyles-statues carved into the shapes of |

| |rounded windows |grotesque, fantastical monsters which had |

| | |spouts for draining water from the walls |

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