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Day 2 Social StudiesTopic: Differences between North and South and its influence in the Civil War. Objectives:Students will be able to analyze sectional differences and events leading to the Civil War. Students will be able to describe legislative acts that dealt with slavery. Students will understand how the Kansas-Nebraska Act led to conflict.Iowa Core Curriculum StandardsIowa Core Curriculum Standard:Understand cause and effect relationships and other historical thinking skills in order to interpret events and issues. Understand processes important to reconstructing and interpreting the past. Understand the historical perspective including cause and effect.Understand how to view the past in terms of the norms and values of the time. Understand interpretation of data in timelines. Materials needed: map of states, RubricStrategies:Introduction:What do students know? Ask students what issues they think may cause conflicts between the North States and the Southern States. Slavery, disagreementsLesson Steps:Explain the differences of the two regions: Northern:Had few plantations and most farms were small and did not require many workers. Because of this they had already abolished slavery. Had more diverse economy and more industries than the Southern states. Southern:Enslaved Africans worked on big plantations that grew mainly cotton and tobacco. Money from cash crops like cotton made it possible for plantation owners to buy more land and strengthen the system of slavery. Students’ thoughts:Students read on Harcourt Social Studies textbook page 476: “The year is 1850. You are boarding a ship to return to your home in Britain. You have just spent two months traveling from New York to Georgia. Along the way, you noticed many differences. In the North, you saw busy cities and lots of small farms. In the South, you saw fewer cities and many large plantations. You wonder what Americans think about these differences.” What do you think those Americans thought about the differences between the North and the South? (possible answers)Division over slavery causes problemsSuch different ideas, how could they possibly agree.How do you think foreign visitors might have viewed the United States at this time? (Possible answers)Similar to those living in the U.S.Diverse industry in North and SouthDiscuss areas of disagreement:TradeHigh taxes were set on imports to the U.S. which helped Northern factory owners because it made their goods cheaper than the imported goods. Southerners were upset because it hurt the wealthy since they got many of their goods from Europe. GovernmentPresident Andrew Jackson: Believed in states’ rights, but also thought the federal government had the right to set tariffs. Vice President John C. Calhoun: argued against the tariff because he believed states should have the final say on laws that affect them, not the national government. SlaveryNorth: did not want slavery to spread throughout the U.S.South: thought that people had the right to take enslaved workers with them. With a partner, students make a poster explaining the differences between the North and the South and how that contributed to the Civil War. Closure:Students write a short paragraph about what they think the map of the states shows. The map shows the Missouri Compromise line, free territory, free states, slave states, and slave territory. The Missouri compromise kept the number of free and slave states equal. Assignment:No assignment for this lesson. Evaluation:Observation of student responses to classroom discussions and questions recorded. The poster will be evaluated with a rubric to tell if students understand the main differences between the north and the south and how that contributed to the Civil War. ................
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