Dataset
Phase 1I have chosen option 2.Option 2 allows you to analyze the ages of infectious disease patients at Grady Hospital.?(download the scenario and data set below in the attached files. the data is also available at: ( HYPERLINK "" StatPowers: Option 2)Review each scenario and data set carefully and choose which scenario you would like to work with. Your Phase 1 paper should have the following sections:1. IntroductionIn this section you should introduce your scenario and data set. Provide a brief overview of the scenario you are given above and the data set that you will be analyzing. Classify the variables in your data set. Which variables are quantitative/qualitative? Which variables are discrete/continuous? Describe the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) for each variable included in your data set.2. Data VisualizationHere you want to talk about the data's overall shape. Is it skewed or symmetric? Are there any outliers? Is it unimodal? Bimodal? Provide a histogram or box plot or another visualization to justify your comments.?3. Summary StatisticsIn this section you should first discuss the importance of the Measures of Center and the Measures of Variation. Explain each statistic so that a supervisor who doesn't know statistics will understand what the numbers mean. What are the measures of center and why are they important? What are the measures of variation and why are they important?Then you should calculate and present the following sample statistics. Interpret these numbers in the context of the selected topic:MeanMedianModeRangeStandard Deviation4. ConclusionIn this section you should recap your ideas by summarizing the information presented.Be sure to present your work neatly and professionally. This should be presentable to your boss as an analyst's report. If you feel the need to include your data set (I suggest you do not) you should put it in an appendix, not in the body of your paper.DatasetPatient IDAge 170263364459569660758866959106911611255134814611569165517661848197020502172226023492446255526602770286729593073317332723355347235713671376438693963405941734255436144704549466347464870495650645146527153725465556256575777587259566063Option 2As a healthcare professional, you will work to improve and maintain the health of individuals, families, and communities in various settings. Basic statistical analysis can be used to gain an understanding of current problems. Understanding the current situation is the first step in discovering where an opportunity for improvement exists. This project will assist you in applying basic statistical principles to a fictional scenario in order to impact the health and wellbeing of the clients being served. You are currently working at Grady Memorial Hospital in the Infectious Diseases Unit. Over the past few days, you have noticed an increase in patients admitted with a particular infectious disease. You believe that the ages of these patients play a critical role in the method used to treat the patients. You decide to speak to your manager and together you work to use statistical analysis to look more closely at the ages of these patients. You do some research and put together a spreadsheet of the data that contains the following information:Client IDAge of the patientYou need the preliminary findings immediately so that you can start treating these patients. So let’s get to work!!!!The data set consists of 60 patients that have the infectious disease with ages ranging from 35 years of age to 76 years of age for Grady Memorial Hospital. 1. Point vs. Interval EstimationHere you will discuss the importance of constructing confidence intervals for the population mean. You want to be sure to address these questions:What are confidence intervals?What is a point estimate?What is the best point estimate for the population mean? Explain why it is the best.Why do we need confidence intervals?2. Mean EstimationFirst clearly give the best point estimate? for the population mean the data was drawn from. Next you will construct two confidence intervals: a?95%?confidence interval and a?99%?confidence interval. Bear in mind that?the population standard deviation is unknown, but you may assume that the population is approximately normally distributed. Please show your work for the construction of these confidence intervals. If you used technology or a calculator please explain what you used and how you got your intervals.3. Interpretation and ConclusionWrite a paragraph that correctly interprets the confidence intervals in context of your selected topic. You should use the standard language we always use when interpreting a confidence interval in plain English (or something close to it). Compare and contrast your findings for the 95% and 99% confidence intervals. Did you notice any changes in your interval estimate? Be specific. What conclusion(s) can be drawn about your interval estimates when the confidence level is increased? Explain why you draw this conclusion.Be sure to number each section in your paper using the same numbers as above. Remember that this should read like a paper, not a series of bullet points. If I was your supervisor, submit the paper as you would an analysis/report to your boss. It should be neat and professionally formatted.Phase 3:1. The Process of Hypothesis TestingIn this section you will discuss the process for hypothesis testing.?State?and?explain?the steps of hypothesis testing. When performing a hypothesis test, which method do you prefer; P-Value method or Critical Value (classical) method? Why?2. Hypothesis TestIf you selected Option 1 (Salaries):Claim: In the past the average salary in Georgia for all jobs was $65,000. Your supervisor claims that the average salary is now less than $65,000.?If you selected Option 2 (Patients at Grady hospital):?Claim: Nationwide the average age of patients with this particular infectious disease is 65 years of age. The doctors in your hospital believe that the average age of patients in your city with the infection is less than 65 years of age.In either case, you should test the claim using α = 0.05. You may assume your data comes from a normally distributed population, but σ is unknown.?Based on your selected topic, perform and document the following steps:Write the null and alternative hypothesis symbolically and identify which hypothesis is the claim.Is the test two-tailed, left-tailed, or right-tailed? Explain.Which test statistic will you use for your hypothesis test; z-test or t-test? Explain.What is the value of the test-statistic? Show your calculationEither find the p-value or critical value depending on your preference. Explain how you calculated or found it.What is your decision? Reject the null or do not reject the null? Explain why you made your decision including the results for your p-value and the critical value.State the final conclusion in non-technical terms.Please show your work for the calculation of the test statistic and explain your process for finding the p-value and critical value. You may use the Equation Editor to format your calculation steps on the Word document or attach an Excel spreadsheet clearly showing each calculation, but your answers still need to appear on the Word document. If you used a calculator or technology please explain what you used to calculate your statistics and values. Finally,?be sure to number each response in your paper using the same numbers as aboveAs with phase 1 and 2, be sure this is a neatly formatted, professional submission. Do not paste your entire data set into the paper - your supervisor doesn't want to look at the data (you're the analyst - that's your job).Phase 4.1. IntroductionIn this section you should introduce your scenario and data set. Provide a brief overview of the scenario you are given above and the data set that you will be analyzing. Classify the variables in your data set. Which variables are quantitative/qualitative? Which variables are discrete/continuous? Describe the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) for each variable included in your data set.2. Data VisualizationHere you want to talk about the data's overall shape. Is it skewed or symmetric? Are there any outliers? Is it unimodal? Bimodal? Provide a histogram or box plot or another visualization to justify your comments.?3. Summary StatisticsIn this section you should first discuss the importance of the Measures of Center and the Measures of Variation. Explain each statistic so that a supervisor who doesn't know statistics will understand what the numbers mean. What are the measures of center and why are they important? What are the measures of variation and why are they important?Then you should calculate and present the following sample statistics. Interpret these numbers in the context of the selected topic:MeanMedianModeRangeStandard Deviation4. Point vs. Interval EstimationHere you will discuss the importance of constructing confidence intervals for the population mean. You want to be sure to address these questions:What are confidence intervals?What is a point estimate?What is the best point estimate for the population mean? Explain why it is the best.Why do we need confidence intervals?5. Mean EstimationFirst clearly give the best point estimate? for the population mean the data was drawn from. Next you will construct two confidence intervals: a?95%?confidence interval and a?99%?confidence interval. Bear in mind that?the population standard deviation is unknown, but you may assume that the population is approximately normally distributed. Please show your work for the construction of these confidence intervals. If you used technology or a calculator please explain what you used and how you got your intervals.6. Interpretation of EstimationsWrite a paragraph that correctly interprets the confidence intervals in context of your selected topic. You should use the standard language we always use when interpreting a confidence interval in plain English (or something close to it). Compare and contrast your findings for the 95% and 99% confidence intervals. Did you notice any changes in your interval estimate? Be specific. What conclusion(s) can be drawn about your interval estimates when the confidence level is increased? Explain why you draw this conclusion.7. The Process of Hypothesis TestingIn this section you will discuss the process for hypothesis testing.?State?and?explain?the steps of hypothesis testing. When performing a hypothesis test, which method do you prefer; P-Value method or Critical Value (classical) method? Why?8. Hypothesis TestIf you selected Option 2 (Patients at Grady hospital):?Claim: Nationwide the average age of patients with this particular infectious disease is 65 years of age. The doctors in your hospital believe that the average age of patients in your city with the infection is less than 65 years of age.In either case, you should test the claim using α = 0.05. You may assume your data comes from a normally distributed population, but σ is unknown.?Based on your selected topic, perform and document the following steps:Write the null and alternative hypothesis symbolically and identify which hypothesis is the claim.Is the test two-tailed, left-tailed, or right-tailed? Explain.Which test statistic will you use for your hypothesis test; z-test or t-test? Explain.What is the value of the test-statistic? Show your calculationEither find the p-value or critical value depending on your preference. Explain how you calculated or found it.What is your decision? Reject the null or do not reject the null? Explain why you made your decision including the results for your p-value and the critical value.State the final conclusion in non-technical terms.Please show your work for the calculation of the test statistic and explain your process for finding the p-value/critical value. You may use the Equation Editor to format your calculation steps on the Word document or attach an Excel spreadsheet clearly showing each calculation, but your answers still need to appear on the Word document. If you used a calculator or technology please explain what you used to calculate your statistics and values.?9. ConclusionRecap your ideas by summarizing the information presented in context of your chosen scenario.Be sure to present your work neatly and professionally, and there is no need to paste the data set into your submission. This should be presentable to your boss as an analyst's report. If you feel the need to include your data set (I suggest you do not) you should put it in an appendix, not in the body of your paper. Finally,?be sure to number each response in your paper using the same numbers as above ................
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