Chapter 1:



American History

Chapter 2 p.34-63

Transplantations and Borderlines

1607-1680

Chapter Summary

During the seventeenth century two colonial systems existed in North America and in the Caribbean. Island and Southwest borderland provinces governed by Spain continued to flourish and provide an interesting counterpoint to colonies established by the British. Before 1660, most British provinces began as private ventures (with charters from the king), but the motives that brought them into being were as varied as the sociopolitical systems they developed. After 1660, proprietary colonies became the norm, and charters indicated a closer tie between the “owners” of the colony and the king, who granted them. As a result of this colonization effort, by the 1680s England had an unbroken string of provinces stretching from Canada to the Savannah River and holdings in the West Indies. As the colonies matured, their inhabitants began to exhibit a concern for control of local affairs and an independence of interests that eventually came to trouble the British Empire. It was a time when colonists began to sense that they were both English and American, a dual personality that was to lead to trouble and confusion on both sides of the Atlantic. The problem was that at the time, the American colonists were developing attitudes and institutions distinctly, England, fully aware of the potential of its colonies, began to tighten its control of its possessions.

Chapter Two Main Themes

➢ The origins, objectives, and shaping influences of England's first settlements in the New World.

➢ How and why English colonies in the Chesapeake, New England, and Mid-Atlantic differed from one another in purpose and administration.

➢ The problems that arose as colonies matured and expanded, and how colonists attempted to solve them.

➢ The impact that events in England had on the development of colonies in British America.

Analytical Journal.

Anne Hutchinson Antinomianism Bacon's Rebellion

Dominion of New England George and Cecilius Calvert Glorious Revolution

Headright Jacob Leisler James Oglethorpe

John Smith John Winthrop King Philip's War

Massachusetts Bay Company Mayflower Compact Metacomet

Middle Ground Navigation Acts Pequot War

Plymouth Plantation Powhatan Quakers

Quitrent Roger Williams Sir William Berkeley

Theocracy Virginia House of Burgesses William Bradford

the chesapeake region congregational church john clavin

William Penn

Defining the chapter terms in your journals will help your better understand:

• The differences between the Jamestown and Plymouth colonies.

• The causes and significance of Bacon's Rebellion.

• The background of the Massachusetts Bay colony and its founders, the Puritans.

• The conditions in Puritan Massachusetts Bay that spawned such dissenters as Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson.

• The expansion of the original settlements, and the influences of the North American frontier on the colonists.

• The significance of the Caribbean colonies in the British-American colonial system.

• How the Spanish colonies continued to flourish and the impact this had on the British-American colonial system.

• Dutch efforts to establish a colony and the reasons for their failure.

• The reasons for the founding of each of the original thirteen colonies.

• The early economic, religious, and political factors in the colonies that tended to produce sectional differences.

• The effect of the Glorious Revolution on the development of the American colonies.

Long Essay Questions

1. Compare and contrast Jamestown and the Massachusetts Bay Colony in terms of the reasons for their

founding, types of settlers, early problems, and the reasons for successes and failures.

Possible thesis statement: These two colonies evolved differently: different groups of English men and women settled each, different objectives created each, and different geographical conditions faced each group of settlers.

Discuss

• Jamestown

• Massachusetts

Possible conclusion: Over time, the early economic, political, and religious differences of the founders of each colony would lead to sectional differences between the New England and southern colonists.

2. Compare and contrast the economic, political, and religious characteristics of the three colonial regions.

Possible thesis statement: During the first 100 years of English settlement, the 13 colonies clustered into three regions, each of which boasted different economic, political, and religious characteristics.

Discuss

• New England colonies

• Middle colonies

• Southern Colonies

Possible conclusion: The sectional differences in politics, economics, and religion that arose during the first 100 years of English settlement continued to shape the growth of colonial America, and eventually, of the United States.

Long Essay and SAQ Tips

The early colonial Long Essays often explore problems of settlement, relations with native Americans, imperial relations with Native Americans, imperial relations with England, religion, and comparisons between the colonies of France, England, and Spain.

Historians, Historical Detection, and DBQs.

When scoring the AP exams, the readers will expect to see a coherent essay that includes two required components: key pieces of evidence from all or most of the documents and a well-organized narrative drawing on knowledge from textbook readings and classroom discussion.

• Most documents are written- use the information contained in the document, the clues from the source identification, and information from the question itself to help you learn about how to use the document to help support your argument.

• Consider the author, date, audience, point of view, and purpose to draw conclusions from the document to use in your answer.

• Use the information to connect to other documents, your own background knowledge, and the question.

• Do not quote extensively from the document but use a short quotation from it, or condense its main idea into a short statement to convey its meaning, which supports your thesis.

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