CHAPTER 19



CHAPTER 19

The Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The ligament that stabilizes and encircles the head of the radius is the:

E, K A. annular ligament. C. lateral collateral ligament.

(431) B. quadrate ligament. D. medial collateral ligament.

2. Which of the following muscles is not on the anterior surface of the arm?

M, K A. Biceps C. Triceps

(431) B. Brachiali D. Brachioradialis

3. Which nerve can become irritated secondary to cubitus valgus present at the

M, K elbow?

(438) A. Median C. Radial

B. Musculocutaneous D. Ulnar

4. The motions of the elbow joint are:

E, K A. flexion and extension. C. radial and ulnar deviation.

(431) B. pronation and supination. D. inversion and eversion.

5. Lateral epicondylitis results from:

M, K A. repeated trauma to the olecranon.

(436) B. chronic fatigue of the biceps.

C. repetitive extension of the wrist.

D. repeated forceful flexion of the elbow.

6. The adolescent athlete who complains of sudden pain and locking of the elbow

M, A joint should be suspected of having:

(438) A. epicondylitis. C. supracondylar fracture of humerus.

B. olecranon bursitis. D. osteochondritis dissecans.

7. If an athlete complains of burning and tingling or paresthesia to the fourth and

M, A fifth fingers, what structure may be damaged?

(438) A. Flexor digiti minimi C. Median nerve

B. Interosseus muscles D. Ulnar nerve

8. Most elbow dislocations result from falling on an outstretched hand and result

E, A in the ulna and radius dislocating:

(439) A. posteriorly. C. laterally.

B. anteriorly. D. medially.

9. Possible complications of this elbow injury are muscle spasm, swelling, or bone

M, K pressure on the brachial artery which inhibit blood circulation to the forearm,

(440) wrist, and hand. This is a:

A. Colles' fracture. C. Smith's fracture.

B. compartment syndrome. D. Volkmann's contracture.

10. Which side of the forearm receives the most frequent impact and therefore is

E, K where the majority of bruising occurs?

(442) A. Radial C. Ulnar

B. Anterior D. Posterior

11. A fracture resulting from the radius and ulna being forced backward

M, K and upward (hyperextension) is called a:

(444) A. bowler's fracture. C. de Quervain's fracture.

B. Colles' fracture. D. Smith's fracture.

12. When an elbow is dislocated it is important to consider the possibility of:

M, K A. a fracture.

(439) B. tearing or pinching of the nerves.

C. disruption of the normal blood supply.

D. All of the above must be considered.

13. Forearm splints are seen most frequently in which sport?

M, A A. Football C. Gymnastics

(443) B. Volleyball D. Baseball

14. Which of the following best describes the volar plate?

D, K A. Thickened capsule on the palmar surface of the interphalangeal joints

(445) B. Ligamentous structure on the medial aspect of the interphalangeal joints

C. Thickened capsule on the dorsal surface of the interphalangeal joints

D. Ligamentous structure on the lateral aspect of the interphalangeal joints

15. A wrist ganglion is often seen in sports and most often appears:

M, K A. over the navicular bone. C. on the palmer side of the wrist. .

(450) B. on the back of the wrist. D. at any ligamentous point on the wrist.

16. Severe point tenderness in the anatomical "snuffbox" may indicate a fracture of

M, A which bone?

(449) A. Hamate C. Scaphoid (navicular)

B. Lunate D. Trapezoid

17. Treating a suspected phalanx fracture includes all of the following except:

M, A A. application of ice after the injury has been splinted.

(455) B. splinting the finger in extension.

C. splinting the finger in flexion.

D. referral to a physician.

18. A deformity caused by a rupture of the extensor tendon over the distal phalanx

M, K is called:

(451) A. gamekeeper’s finger. C. jersey finger.

B. mallet finger. D. Boutonniere deformity.

19. To ensure the most complete healing of a dislocated PIP and DIP joint, constant

M, A splinting must be maintained at a 30-degree angle of flexion for how long?

(454) A. 1 week C. 3 weeks

B. 2 weeks D. 6 weeks

20. Which of the following bones of the wrist is most commonly dislocated?

M, K A. Scaphiod C. Capitate

(448) B. Hamate D. Lunate

A 21. Which of the following results from a rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus

M, K tendon?

(453) A. Jersey finger C. Mallet finger

B. Boutonniere deformity D. Gamekeeper’s thumb

22. What motion(s) occur at the radioulnar joint?

M, K A. Flexion and extension C. Radial and ulnar deviation

(431) B. Pronation and supination D. Inversion and eversion

23. Which of the following muscles attach to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?

M, K A. Wrist extensors and pronators

(436) B. Wrist flexors and supinators

C. Wrist extensors and supinators

D. Wrist flexors and pronators

TRUE/FALSE

24. Children and young adults have a higher rate of elbow fracture than adults.

E, K

(439)

25. An injury to the ulnar nerve usually results in parasthesia in the second and third

M, A digits.

(438)

26. The radial collateral ligament does not attach to the radius which is then free to

M, K rotate.

(431)

27. An abnormal carrying angle indicates a ligamentous injury to the elbow.

M, A

(434)

28. The triceps bursa is the most frequently injured bursa in the elbow because

E, K it is so superficial and thus at risk for direct trauma.

(435)

29. Hyperextension forces usually cause sprains to the elbow.

M, K

(436)

30. Pitcher’s elbow, golfer’s elbow, and little league elbow refer to lateral

M, A epicondylitis.

(438)

31. In medial epicondylitis, passive movement of the wrist seldom elicits pain

M, K though active movement does.

(438)

32. Complications from an elbow dislocation include injury to the median and

M, K radial nerve and the brachial artery.

(439)

33. A Colles’ fracture is a fracture of the proximal end of the radius.

E, K

(444)

34. The main symptom of forearm splints is a dull ache between the extensor

M, K muscles crossing the back of the forearm.

(443)

35. The most commonly dislocated carpal bone is the scaphoid.

M, K

(448)

36. When blood accumulates under the nail it should be iced, and an athletic

M, A trainer or physician should release the pressure as soon as possible.

(454)

37. A sprain is the most common wrist injury ; it is also the most poorly managed

E, K sports injury in most cases.

(447)

F 38. A jammed finger is of little concern due to the ability of the fingers to heal.

E, K

(453)

39. A ganglion is a herniation of the joint capsule or of the synovial sheath of a

E, K tendon; it is often thought of as a cystic type structure.

(450)

40. The radial nerve runs through the carpal tunnel and is compressed in an

M, K individual that has carpal tunnel syndrome.

(448)

41. A blow to the end of the finger that avulses the extensor tendon from its

M, K insertions is called a mallet finger.

(451)

42. A proper functioning thumb is necessary for hand dexterity and therefore any

M, K injury to the thumb should be considered serious.

(454)

43. Dislocations of the phalanges have a high rate of occurrence in sports and are

M, K usually caused by a blow to the tip of the finger by a ball.

(453)

44. Palpation of the anatomical snuffbox is used to detect a hamate fracture.

M, K

(449)

45. Gamekeeper’s thumb involves forceful adduction of the proximal phalanx

M, K causing a sprain of the ulnar collateral ligament.

(453)

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