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2010 PACE National Championship Tournament

Edited by Chris Ray, Andy Watkins, Rob Carson, Hannah Kirsch, and Bernadette Spencer

Round 21 – All Star

Tossups

1. Alexander Bustamante and Norman Manley led pivotal labor strikes in this country, while the merciless burning of Panama City earned Henry Morgan its governorship. Tacky's Revolt was a failed Coromantee-backed uprising in this country, which saw a peaceful strike organized by Sam Sharpe degenerate into a series of bloody massacres, the so-called “Baptist War.” Paul Bogle's Morant Bay Rebellion sparked a public outcry over (*) British involvement here, which was also marked by several conflicts against a namesake community of runaway slaves, the Maroon Wars. Taken in 1655 from Spain, this island served as a major privateering hub during the age of sail. For 10 points, identify this Caribbean island, a British Commonwealth country whose capital is Kingston.

ANSWER: Jamaica

2. One type of malformation in this anatomical feature is a protrusion of it into the foramen magnum and is called Arnold-Chiari malformation. A certain type of cell in this anatomical feature is progressively destroyed in Niemann-Pick syndrome. Parallel fibers connect granule cells in the cortex of this anatomical feature to that type of large GABA-ergic neuron, (*) Purkinje cells. Its two hemispheres are divided by the vermis, and it also contains mossy and climbing fibers. This extremely neuron-dense portion of the brain is located adjacent to the pons and beneath the cerebral cortex, and it helps maintain balance. For 10 points, name this anatomical feature involved in coordination and motor control whose name means “little brain.”

ANSWER: cerebellum [prompt on brain before “cortex”]

3. At the opening of one of this director's films, villagers light a bonfire and engage in debauchery to celebrate the arrival of spring. Another of his movies features a scene where the protagonist meets a tightrope walker known only as The Fool. His early films include The White Sheikh and Variety Light, and he (*) followed the sexual obsessions of the young Titta in Amarcord. In another film, Gelsolmina endures a harsh life as assistant to the carnival performer Zampano, while yet another of his films traces the one-night stands of reporter Marcello Rubini in episodic form. For 10 points, name this Italian director of La Strada and La Dolce Vita.

ANSWER: Federico Fellini

4. Some comic relief in this work is provided by the Nazi-marching-song-singing Fahrenkopf family, a group of German stereotypes. This play’s protagonist uses the euphemism of “swimming to China” to refer to suicide, while another character in this play, the “world’s oldest living, practicing poet,” finishes his final poem just before dying. That character, Jonathan Coffin, is always called “Nonno” by his granddaughter, the penniless sketch artist (*) Hannah Jelkes. Its protagonist earns the enmity of the lesbian choir teacher Judith Fellowes by seducing the teenage Charlotte Goodall, a patron of Blake Tours. Set at Maxine Faulk’s Costa Verde Hotel in Mexico, it centers on the ex-priest T. Lawrence Shannon. For 10 points, identify this play by Tennessee Williams, which ends shortly after Shannon releases its namesake lizard.

ANSWER: The Night of the Iguana

5. This man is the second namesake of a reaction wherein a cycloalkenyl oxime is exposed to strong acid, giving an aniline derivative; he names that reaction along with Semmler. One reaction named for this man was promoted by Arndt and Eistert by showing the diverse [2+2] cycloadditions that its product could participate in; in that carbene-mediated [1,2] shift, an alpha-diazoketone will rearrange to a ketene. This man is the first namesake of a reaction whose (*) one-pot modification uses ethylene glycol as solvent; that two-step reaction includes the addition of hydrazine to give a hydrazone and the elimination of that hydrazine with a base, and was modified by Huang Minglong. For 10 points, name this German chemist, the first namesake of a basic reduction of carbonyl to alkane along with Kishner.

ANSWER: Ludwig Wolff

6. This author divided utilities into “natural” and “expectation” types. This thinker’s system depends on a “fundamental axiom” that he lays out in his “Commentary on the Commentaries.” Central to his philosophy was a way of adding and subtracting that he called the “felicific calculus,” and which others have dubbed the “hedonic calculus.” This prominent critic of William (*) Blackstone claimed that natural rights were “nonsense upon stilts,” a sentiment that inspired such works as Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation and the Fragment on Government. He also created the idea of a prison in which one guard can see all of the prisoners, the “panopticon.” For 10 points, name this British thinker whose preserved corpse occasional sits in on board meetings at University College London, a famous advocate of utilitarianism.

ANSWER: Jeremy Bentham

7. One attempt to define this entity was the Treaty of Zgorzelec, and discussion of it at the Potsdam Conference led Churchill to denounce the “enormous and wrongful” demands to move it during the Iron Curtain speech. In 2007, police departments protested against the opening of this construct, which currently runs from Zittau to Szczecin. After World War II, up to seven million people were forcibly moved to be on the proper side of this redefined (*) line, in one of the largest population exchange in history. Once overrun during the Fall Weiss plan, its current form is based on the Oder-Neisse Line proposed by Stalin, who moved it further west to punish the country which violated this boundary in a quest for lebensraum. For 10 points, identify this map line which was crossed on September 1, 1939 by Nazi forces, thus triggering World War II.

ANSWER: the border between Germany and Poland [accept obvious equivalents]

8. This man wrote a novel in which the novel Stumbling on Melons by “Thad Green” is written by Richard Tull in order to frame his rival Gwyn Barry for plagiarism. Samson Young narrates another of his novels, which suggests that Guy Clinch and Keith Talent are responsible for Nicola Six’s murder. This author’s “London Trilogy” consists of those two novels, The Information and London Fields, as well as a novel in which Frank the Phone stalks a director who realizes his father is actually Fat Vince; that protagonist is named (*) John Self. He was shortlisted for the 1991 Booker Prize for a novel about Uncle Pepi’s assistant, the Holocaust doctor Odilo Unverdorben, that is written using reverse chronology. For 10 points, identify this author of Money and Time’s Arrow, whose father wrote the novel Lucky Jim and was named Kingsley.

ANSWER: Martin Louis Amis [accept “Amis” after “Kingsley” is read]

9. These objects are home to Colossus Wasps, which prey on another species that inhabits them, the exogorths. A particular one was the location for the Chiss Expansionary Defense Force outpost near Crustai, and another was where Maw Installation was situated. Shortly before stating a disdain for excuses, one character announces that these objects “do not concern me” to Admiral Piett. A sonic charge is used in a dogfight among these objects near (*) Geonosis, and another group of these is encountered as a result of an clash with Death Squadron; the chance of surviving that incident is given as 3,720 to 1. During an attempt to seek refuge within one of these objects, the presence of mynocks reveals that a space slug is impersonating a cave. For 10 points, name these objects which made up a field near the Hoth system that the Millennium Falcon flew into in The Empire Strikes Back

ANSWER: asteroids [accept asteroid belts, etc]

10. One of this man’s sons shares his name with a Zeus-fathered king of Samothrace; that son, Emathion, ruled in Arabia until being killed by Heracles. Another son of this man led an army that turned into birds upon his death and engendered Achilles’s rage by slaying Nestor’s son Antilochus. This figure was bribed with a golden vine by his half-brother Priam in order to send that son, (*) Memnon of Ethiopia, to fight in the Trojan War. This son of Laomedon became the consort of the mother of the winds, who eventually sealed him in a room after realizing the implications of praying to Zeus for his immortality, but not his eternal youth. For 10 points, identify this consort of Eos who eventually became a cicada.

ANSWER: Tithonus [or Tithonos]

11. One artist with this surname depicted a soldier in fatigues under a sky bursting with stars as seen through the titular Night Vision, and painted a low-key candidate walking toward a microphone against a sea of yellow-hued onlookers in Man From Boston. Howard Pyle taught an artist with this surname, also shared by a man who showed a leaf blowing in at right through an open window as a nude blond with braids grasps the edges of her stool in Lovers. That tempera enthusiast often painted the Tenants Harbor lighthouse and created 247 images of a woman sitting on or lying nude in (*) a bed in a series of drawn for years without the knowledge of his wife, centering on Helga Testorf. That father of the aforementioned Jamie painted a work in which a pair of tracks approach a distant house and barn as the titular member of the Olson family, clad in a pink dress, stares out from a patch of grass. For 10 points, name this family of American artists that included the painter of Christina's World, Andrew.

ANSWER: Wyeth

12. While suffering from gout in exile at Hartwell House, this ruler issued a declaration offering to compensate sufferers of violence during the regimes of his predecessor. This ruler presided over the Unobtainable Chamber, consisting of several ultra-royalists who received votes in the wake of the murders of Marshal Brune and Jean-Pierre Ramel in the Second White Terror. This ruler created the Chamber of Deputies and Chamber of Peers to represent the people and wished to oust Joachim Murat from Naples. The momentum this ruler built up from his Charter of (*) 1814 was derailed in the wake of the Hundred Days, which saw the return of Napoleon. For 10 points, name this French monarch who set up the Bourbon Restoration, but was replaced in 1824 by Charles X.

ANSWER: Louis XVIII [or Louis Stanislas Xavier de France; prompt on Louis]

13. This idea underlies the mechanics of competing theories due to Bullard and Vening Meinesz, which explained data that remained anomalous even after applying the Bouguer correction. This concept explains why the Gulf of Bothnia will eventually close. One model for this concept holds that rocks with less density will be topographically higher. Another model for this concept claims that crust thickness will cause altitude changes. The aforementioned models are the Airy and Pratt models for this concept, which is analogous to buoyancy. Post-glacial rebound is one consequence of this concept. For 10 points, name this term for the gravitational equilibrium between the asthenosphere and lithosphere, which describes how tectonic plates “float.”

ANSWER: isostasy [prompt on post-glacial rebound]

14. This poet describes a figure who “tries out his senile, raucous guitar” as “the iodine and saltpeter foam” in a poem that compares the sea to a “vast silvered mirror.” This poet of “Rare Flowers” described a man as a “professor of Energy (as today’s madmen say)” who “[counts] on everything,” despite “[lacking] one thing, God!” This author, who included “Symphony in Gray Major” in his collection (*) Prosas Profanas, also referred to the aforementioned man as a “dreadful hunter,” an “Alexander-Nebuchadnezzar,” and a “future invader of our naïve America” in his poem “To Roosevelt.” For 10 points, name this Nicaraguan poet of the collection Azul who founded the modernismo movement.

ANSWER: Rubén Darío [or Félix Rubén García Sarmiento]

15. This composer wrote Les gouts reunis as a continuation of four chamber orchestra suites called “royal concerts.” He used the Lamentations of Jeremiah for a vocal and basso continuo piece called Lessons of Darkness. This man composed a collection of trio sonatas called Les Nations and also wrote a trio sonata subtitled after Corelli called (*) Le Parnasse. Instructed by his father, Charles, and his uncle, Louis, this composer and harpsichord virtuoso wrote four books of “orders” and The Art of the Harpsichord. For 10 points, name this French composer whose “Tomb” was musically illustrated by Maurice Ravel.

ANSWER: Francois Couperin “le Grand”

16. Like Wilfrid Sellars, this man founded a journal called Philosophical Studies. His students included the pioneers of industrial-organizational psychology, Walter Dill Scott and Hugo Münsterberg, as well as Oswald Kulpe, whose analysis of "thought processes" expanded upon this man's pioneering investigation into feelings. Despite being derided as "a rather ordinary man" by William James and as "sloppy" by his mentor Hermann Helmholtz, he extended his study to a "natural history of man" in Folk Psychology and inspired Edward Titchener to bring his methods to the U.S. For 10 points, name this author of Principles of Physiological Psychology, whose Leipzig laboratory was the first institution for experimental psychology.

ANSWER: Wilhelm Wundt

17. One group involved in this war was divided into factions which supported or opposed the modernization efforts of Benjamin Hawkins. Its climax occurred when the home village of William Weatherford, or Red Eagle, was burned. The destruction of Tallasahatchee and Talladega also occurred during this war, which began with an attack on Lake Tensaw. That attack saw the Fort Mims massacre perpetrated by the (*) Red Sticks, who had been stirred up by the warnings of the itinerant Tecumseh. More than half of present-day Alabama was ceded in the Treaty of Fort Jackson that ended this war. That treaty followed the decisive Battle of Horseshoe Bend and was negotiated by Andrew Jackson. For 10 points, identify this 1813 to 1814 conflict between American settlers and a namesake group of Indians.

ANSWER: Creek War [prompt on “Red Sticks War” before mentioned]

18. In the Klein-Nishina formula, the square of this value is multiplied by one half the square of the Compton radius and a polynomial involving Cos theta and ratios of photon energies. The Rydberg constant is equal to the square of this value multiplied by the mass of the electron times c, all divided by four pi h-bar, and the Lamb shift is proportional to the fifth power of this quantity. One method of calculating this quantity involves setting the Lande (*) g-factor equal to a polynomial in this value, while applying perturbation theory to QED results in power series in terms of this quantity, which was originally posited as the ratio of the velocity of an electron in the Bohr model to the speed of light. At high energies this value would diverge at the Landau pole. Also defined as e squared over h bar c, for 10 points, name this coupling constant for the electromagnetic force, which Arthur Eddington posited to be equal to exactly one over 137.

ANSWER: Fine Structure constant

19. This author described a patriarch's inheritance of the Kinfetch, which his ancestor died holding during a battle, in a series of works that includes The Axe and In the Wilderness. In another of this author's works, the title character sleeps with the father of her former fiancé, and that titular artist later commits suicide after traveling to Rome. Along with Jenny, this author created a character who plans the death of Eline by forcing her to commit suicide after she fails to become engaged to Simon Darre. This author of The Master of Hestviken wrote about a character who marries Erlend (*) Nikulausson in the first part of a trilogy whose parts include The Bridal Wreath and The Cross. For 10 points, name this author who created Kristin Lavransdatter, a Norwegian Nobel laureate.

ANSWER: Sigrid Undset

20. A prominent phrase associated with this figure was adopted from a favorite taunt of the mythical Puck, while he is syncretized with John the Baptist and Uncle Sam into the deity John Frum. Joseph Stalin mandated blue iconography for Ded Moroz to avoid conflation with this figure, who is aided in some traditions by a young man in blackface named Peter. This figure is linked with a man venerated for providing a dowry for three poor girls as Bishop of (*) Myra. In Germanic tradition, he is joined by a horrifying demon who roams the streets and assaults women, Krampus. This figure's supposed activities coincide with a traditional Catholic midnight mass at the culmination of Advent. Comet and Dancer aid, for 10 points, what North Pole resident who serially trespasses through chimneys on Christmas?

ANSWER: Santa Claus [or Saint Nicholas; or Father Christmas; or Kris Kringle; or any of the other 400 names for Santa]

TB1. One member of this family wrote “Mother’s Letters to a Daughter on Woman’s Suffrage” and successfully lobbied the Connecticut legislature to pass a married woman’s property law. In addition to Isabella, this family included Catherine Esther, who wrote A Treatise on Domestic Economy. Another member of this family served as president of Cincinnati’s Lane Theological Seminary, and Victoria (*) Woodhull published details of an alleged affair by one member of this family, a prominent Boston minister. That man became the namesake of the Sharps' rifles employed during Bleeding Kansas, dubbed his namesake “bibles.” For 10 points, Lyman and his son Henry Ward were members of what family, whose most famous member published Uncle Tom’s Cabin after marrying C. E. Stowe? ANSWER: Beechers

TB2. This author contrasts the attitude of “the modern reader” to his excitement at hearing his grandmother tell a story while he was malingering as a child in the short story “Once There Was a King.” In one poem, he described a “heaven of freedom” “where the mind is without fear and the head is held high”, while he wrote a novel in which a rally held by the revolutionary Sandip is attended by Bimala and Nikhil and a play in which Ranjan and Kishore die during the revolution against a gold-obsessed king led by (*) Nandini. This author of The Home and the World and Red Oleanders also wrote a collection of poems that opens with the line “Thou hast made me endless, such is thy pleasure” and contains an introduction by W.B. Yeats. For 10 points, name this Bengali author of Song Offerings, or Gitanjali.

ANSWER: Rabindranath Tagore

TB3. One advocate of this philosophical system formulated the “bracketing” epoché, and wrote the book Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Form of this. Another proponent compared Cartesian dualism with the “body-subject” in a work discussing this concept as it relates to perception. Another form of this concept titles a work that includes “The Truth of Self-Certainty” and “Absolute Freedom and Terror,” and follows the mind's development through the (*) master-slave dialectic. Advocated by Maurice Merleau-Ponty and the author of Logical Investigations, Edmund Husserl, it is centrally concerned with examining consciousness. For 10 points, name this philosophical system whose form “of spirit” titles a major work by Hegel.

ANSWER: phenomenology

Bonuses

1. Identify these nineteenth century supreme court justices, for 10 points each:

[10] This predecessor of John Marshall as Chief Justice became the third man to hold the post after succeeding John Rutledge. At the constitutional convention, he developed the the Great Compromise with fellow Connecticut representative Roger Sherman.

ANSWER: Oliver Ellsworth

[10] This justice is best known for his lone dissent against the “separate but equal doctrine” established in Plessy v. Ferguson. His grandson of the same name was also a noted dissenter, contesting the Warren court's findings in Reynolds v. Sims and Roth v. United States.

ANSWER: John Marshall Harlan I [accept just Harlan, but don't accept “Harlan II” or “Harlan Jr.”]

[10] This Taney court justice wrote an extensive set of Commentaries on the Constitution and authored the opinion in the Amistad case. Along with Marshall, he is credited with establishing the court's authority through opinions like Martin v. Hunter's Lessee.

ANSWER: Joseph Story

2. Fictional musical artists on this show include Thugnificent, who recently used a real Wikipedia page to manufacture crack, and Gangstalicious, whose single “Thuggin' Love” is revealed to be a gay anthem. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this adult swim show centering on Huey, Riley, and Robert Freeman, an adaption of an Aaron McGruder comic strip.

ANSWER: The Boondocks

[10] This self-hating black racist on The Boondocks is horrified to learn that he is 102% African with a 2% margin of error. He has appeared as a theater employee who prevents the boys from sneaking in to watch Soul Plane II: The Blackjacking.

ANSWER: Uncle Ruckus

[10] This old, intensely horrible blind man was accidentally killed in a fight by Robert Freeman and returned from the dead to wreak havoc on the characters. In a recent installment, a gang led by this man known as “the Hateocracy” returned seeking vengeance and decapitated black samurai Bushido Brown.

ANSWER: Colonel H. Stinkmeaner

3. Excitations in these substances are described by quasiparticles called rotons. For 10 points each:

[10] Name these substances, first demonstrated in helium-4, which have zero viscosity.

ANSWER: superfluid

[10] The superfluid transition temperature is given this term, for the Greek letter the phase diagram resembles.

ANSWER: lambda temperature [or lambda point]

[10] One phenomenon that has been studied in the context of superfluids is this one, where current flows through a sufficiently thin insulator because that insulator is separating two superconductors.

ANSWER: Josephson effect

4. Seven years after his capture, the protagonist of this novel is declared dead according to civil code section 30. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this novel in which the amateur entomologist Niki Jumpei eventually becomes the lover of the title character, who is forced to dig for the benefit of her village.

ANSWER: Woman of the Dunes [or Suna no onna; or Woman in the Dunes]

[10] This Japanese author of Woman in the Dunes also wrote a book in which supposedly aborted fetuses are actually being turned into a future generation of water-breathing humans, Inter Ice Age 4.

ANSWER: Kobo Abe [or Kimifusa Abe; accept both names in either order]

[10] In this other Kobo Abe novel, a detective is hired by an alcoholic woman to search the fuel dealer for Nemuro Hiroshi, whose identity he begins to subconsciously adopt.

ANSWER: The Ruined Map [or Moetsukita chizu]

5. The major museum of this creator of Willie Gillis was created from his Stockbridge home. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this artist who painted himself working on a large easel while staring in a mirror in his Triple Self Portrait and depicted a young black girl walking past a racial slur-laden wall in The Problem We All Live With.

ANSWER: Norman Rockwell

[10] Norman Rockwell is best known for his famous illustrations for the cover of this periodical, which he began adorning at the behest of publisher George Horace Lorimer.

ANSWER: The Saturday Evening Post

[10] The works in this iconic Rockwell series depict a child being tucked in at night, a family sharing a Thanksgiving meal, a man standing up during a town hall meeting, and a group huddled together in prayer. They were accompanied by essays by authors like Booth Tarkington and Carlos Bulosan.

ANSWER: The Four Freedoms or The Four Essential Human Freedoms

6. Put your Bovine University education to good use and identify these aspects of bovine mythology, for 10 points each.

[10] Temples to this god of light always contained a tauroctony, in which he was depicted slaying a sacred bull. This god, while likely Iranian in origin, became a major cult figure in Rome.

ANSWER: Mithras [prompt on Sol Invictus just to remove confusion]

[10] When this bull wasn’t being ridden around by Shiva, he could occasionally be found leading the Ganas or laying a curse on Ravana.

ANSWER: Nandi

[10] This black creature was required to have certain splotches under its tongus and on its back, as well as a triangular mark on its forehead. This incarnation of Ptah was regularly consulted by scribes who would feed him copious amounts of alcohol and set state policy based on his drunken meanderings.

ANSWER: Apis Bull

7. This conflict saw the heroic command of Carl Gustaf Mannerheim, who constructed a namesake defensive line. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this conflict between Finland and Russia, which was followed by the Interim Peace prior to the resumption of hostilities in the Continuation War.

ANSWER: Winter War [or that in Finnish/Russian/Swedish/Linear A]

[10] Paul Reynaud replaced this French Prime Minister after he failed to intervene in the Winter War, leading this man to feud with Reynaud and expose France to German invasion, for which he was tried in the Riom Trial. He had earlier allowed himself to be roped into the Munich Pact by Chamberlain.

ANSWER: Edouard Daladier

[10] A huge reason Russia fared so poorly in the Winter War was the Great Purge of the Red Army carried out in 1937 by this head of the NKVD, who proved to be even less stable and more bloodthirsty than Pagoda. He himself lost power to Beria a few years later.

ANSWER: Nikolai Yezhov

8. One German example of this genre is Hans von Grimmelshausen’s Simplicius Simplicissimus. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this early genre, novels in which follows a low-class adventurer who tries to survive in different locations and social situations.

ANSWER: picaresque novel

[10] The first picaresque novel was this one, in which the title character works under seven men, including a friar, chaplain, bailiff, and papal bull-seller.

ANSWER: The Life of Lazarillo de Tormes and of His Fortunes and Adversities [or La vida de Lazarillo de Tormes y de sus fortunas y adversidades]

[10] This exemplary French picaresque was written by Alain-René Lesage. The title character gets sent off to Salamanca on a bad mule, but is captured by bandits.

ANSWER: The History of Gil Blas of Santillane [or L’Histoire de Gil Blas de Santillane]

9. Answer some questions about radioactive dating, for 10 points each.

[10] A common method for dating organic matter is by comparing the amount of this isotope to the amount of the nonradioactive 12 isotope of the same element.

ANSWER: carbon-14 [prompt on carbon; prompt on 14]

[10] To calculate the edge of the earth, Clair Cameron Patterson compared the amounts of this element and lead in the Canyon Diablo meteorite. That system is among the oldest dating methods and the most precise.

ANSWER: uranium

[10] Uranium-lead dating was also used to date this cataclysmic event, the largest extinction in earth's history, in which over ninety percent of marine species were wiped out.

ANSWER: Permian-Triassic extinction event (prompt on colloquial names like the “Great Dying;” prompt on partial answer)

10. He composed an opera about the titular Egyptian courtesan, Thaïs. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this man who also composed Manon, based on the same story as Giacomo Puccini’s Manon Lescaut.

ANSWER: Jules Émile Frédéric Massenet

[10] Like Manon, this other Puccini opera is set in America. In it, the sheriff wants the hand of Minnie, the title character, who instead loves Dick Johnson, also known as the outlaw Ramerrez. She cheats at cards to help Johnson get away, and they eventually go off together.

ANSWER: The Girl of the Golden West or La fanciulla del West

[10] Things don’t go as well for the heroine in this Puccini opera, set during the Napoleonic wars, in which the title singer throws herself off a building after her fiancé, Mario Cavaradossi, is executed.

ANSWER: Tosca

11. This region was the site of Operation Paul Bunyan, which destroyed a politically explosive tree stump that precipitated the Axe Murder Incident. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this region whose center is home to the Bridge of No Return and which was circumvented several times by assassins intent on assaulting the Blue House.

ANSWER: The Korean Demilitarized Zone [prompt on “South Korea-North Korea border” or equivalents]

[10] South Korean propaganda broadcasts across the DMZ have been the subject of increasingly specific firearms threats by the government of this notoriously insane North Korean dictator and foreign film enthusiast.

ANSWER: Kim Jung-Il

[10] Kim Jung-Il's father, Kim Il-sung, developed this state ideology of North Korea that prizes self-reliance, national pride, and a willingness to not eat for extended periods.

ANSWER: Juche

12. The pancreas secretes bicarbonate and enzymes like amylase into the first segment of this organ, and absorption of nutrients occurs in it via fingerlike projections called villi. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this organ of the digestive system whose section include the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

ANSWER: small intestine

[10] These cells, which appear in the respiratory tract as well as the digestive tract, secrete mucin into the lumen of the intestine to lubricate and coat its surfaces. They are named for their characteristic shape.

ANSWER: goblet cells

[10] Risk for various cancers of the small intestine is higher in those suffering from this disease, characterized by malabsorption of many nutrients, cramping and bloating, and chronic diarrhea. It results from an autoimmune reaction upon exposure to gliadin, a protein found in gluten.

ANSWER: celiac disease

13. Seven years after his capture, the protagonist of this novel is declared dead according to civil code section 30. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this novel in which entomologist Junpei Niki eventually becomes the lover of the title character, who is forced to dig for the benefit of her village.

ANSWER: Woman in the Dunes [or Suna no onna]

[10] This Japanese author of Woman in the Dunes also wrote a book in which supposedly aborted fetuses are actually being turned into a future generation of water-breathing humans, Inter Ice Age 4.

ANSWER: Kobo Abe [or Kimifusa Abe; accept both names in either order]

[10] In this other Kobo Abe novel, a detective's identity is subsumed in the search for his beautiful, alcoholic client's husband.

ANSWER: The Ruined Map [or Moetsukita chizu]

14. Peter Singer wrote that it should not be applied based on abstract categories like “species” or “sex” in his book about the “Practical” form of this philosophical discipline. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this branch of philosophy that deals with moral questions.

ANSWER: ethics [prompt on moral philosophy]

[10] This thinker discussed ethics in his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, which outlined his concept of the “Categorical Imperative.”

ANSWER: Immanuel Kant

[10] This twentieth-century female philosopher brought back virtue ethics with her 1958 paper “Modern Moral Philosophy,” which outlined the error of “consequentialism” and inspired the moral philosophy of Alisdair McIntyre.

ANSWER: Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret [G. E. M.] Anscombe

15. This man's "Four Temperaments" symphony names each movement after a medieval humour, and he called his sixth and final symphony the Sinfonia Semplice. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this composer of the "Espansiva" symphony.

ANSWER: Carl Nielsen

[10] This symphony, Nielsen's most famous, features two warring sets of timpani "dueling" in the fourth movement. Nielsen described the subtitle as referring to "the elemental will to live."

ANSWER: Symphony No. 4, "Inextinguishable"

[10] Nielsen came from this country, also home to Baroque composer Dietrich Buxtehude. He composed one melody for its national anthem, which is often played together with its royal anthem honoring King Christian IX.

ANSWER: Denmark

16. This man abdicated in 305 in order to set up a stable succession policy. For 10 points each:

[10] Name this emperor, who issued the Edict of Maximum Prices and carried out a major administrative reform after the Crisis of the Third Century by instituting the Tetrarchy.

ANSWER: Diocletian

[10] In the first Tetrachy, this husband of Helenna, who was sometimes known as “Chlorus”, served with Galerius in the position of Caesar.

ANSWER: Constantius I

[10] Years before the Tetrarchy, four figures battled for control of Rome during the Year of the Four Emperors, which saw two major battles at this site. The first saw Vitellius defeat Otho, while at the second Antonius Primus crushed Vitellius to ensure Vespacian's claim to power.

ANSWER: Battles of Bedriacum

17. Identify some authors who have appeared on Granta’s three Best of Young British Novelists lists, for 10 points each:

[10] This man appeared on the 1983 list, presumably on the strength of his debut novel A Pale View of Hills. He also appeared on the 1993 list, after publishing An Artist of the Floating World and a novel for which he won the Booker Prize.

ANSWER: Kazuo Ishiguro [accept names in either order]

[10] This author appeared on the 1983 list, long before he won the Booker for his novel about the rivalry between newspaper publisher Vernon Halliday and composer Clive Linley, Amsterdam. His other recent novels include Saturday and Atonement.

ANSWER: Ian Russell McEwan

[10] This author of In the Kitchen and Alentejo Blue was awarded a spot based on the unpublished manuscript of her debut novel, a tale of Bangladeshis in London called Brick Lane.

ANSWER: Monica Ali

18. A porphyrin ring behaves as a chelating one of these with respect to iron in hemoglobin. For 10 points each:

[10] Name these chemical species, which form bonds to a transition metal center in the coordination complexes studied in inorganic chemistry.

ANSWER: ligands

[10] This term describes ligands that bind the central metal atom at multiple sites.

ANSWER: polydentate

[10] This is the number of contiguous ligand atoms involved in bonding to a metal. Symbolized eta, it only applies when the ligand has a continuous pi system.

ANSWER: hapticity

19. This movement took its name from an essay written by John Crowe Ransom, and advocated interpreting texts with extreme close reading and the resolution of paradox. For ten points each:

[10] Name this school of literary criticism popular until the early 1960's.

ANSWER: New Criticism

[10] New Criticism cautions against this critical mistake, which is interpreting the text through the lens of the presumed goals of its author.

ANSWER: intentional fallacy [accept word forms]

[10] Some of this author's critical essays, which include "Tradition and the Individual Talent" and "Hamlet and His Problems," were collected in The Sacred Wood and show characteristics of New Criticism.

ANSWER: Thomas Stearns Eliot

20. The prologue and epilogue of this novel both focus on a man who stands against a wall and constantly watches Douglas Gordon’s video installation “24 Hour Psycho”. For 10 points each:

[10] Identify this novel in which Jim Finley attempts to make a film about the existentialist Iraq War planner Richard Elster, the latest work by the author of Mao II, Libra, and Underworld.

ANSWER: Point Omega

[10] Point Omega was written by Don DeLillo, who shot to fame after the publication of this 1985 novel about Hitler Studies professor Jack Gladney.

ANSWER: White Noise

[10] The organization SIMUVAC appears in part two of White Noise in order to deal with this occurrence that results from an overturned train car spilling poisonous chemicals.

ANSWER: an airborne toxic event [prompt on ATE]

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