EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE FOR TEXTBOOK
STUDY GUIDE FOR TEXTBOOK
EXAM 1 (CHAPTERS 1-3)
CHAPTER 1 -- What is Social Psychology: Terms & Concepts
• Definition of social psychology
• Social processes
• Cognitive processes
• Two fundamental axioms of social psychology
Construction of reality
Pervasiveness of social influence
• Three motivational principles
Striving for mastery
Seeking connectedness
Valuing “me and mine”
• Three processing principles
Conservatism principle
Accessibility principle
Superficiality versus depth
• Interrelations among the eight basic principles of social psychology
CHAPTER 2 -- Asking & Answering Research Questions: Terms & Concepts
• Scientific theory
• Constructs
• Interventions
• Construct validity
Threats to construct validity
Social desirability response bias
Ensuring construct validity
Self-report measures
Observational measures
Archival measures
Performance measures
Physiological measures
• Independent variable
• Dependent variable
• Internal validity
Threats to internal validity
Nonexperimental research design
Ensuring internal validity
Experimental research design
Random assignment
Confederate
Advantages & disadvantages of nonexperimental & experimental design
• External validity
Threats to external validity
Individualist cultures
Collectivist cultures
Demand characteristics
Ensuring external validity
• The role of research validity in supporting theory
• Replication
• Meta-analysis
• Informed consent
• Deception
• Debriefing
CHAPTER 3 -- Perceiving individuals: Terms & Concepts
• Mental representation
• Impressions from physical appearance
• Impressions from nonverbal communication
• Mere exposure
• Salience
• Automatic
• Association
• Accessibility
• Priming
• Subliminal
• Correspondent inference
When is a correspondent inference justified?
Correspondence bias
• Superficial processing
• Systematic processing
• Causal attribution
Sources of attribution
Covariation information (see table 3.1)
• Discounting
• The Accuracy of considered impressions
Motive for accuracy
Motives for connectedness & valuing me and mine
Figure 3.7 (p.82) – processes used in forming impressions
• Primacy effect
• Perseverance bias
• Self-fulfilling prophecy & limits on the self-fulfilling prophecy
• Dealing with inconsistent information
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