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FREE DOWNLOAD: 24 Rune Symbols & Their Magical Meanings!

Cassandra Eason shows you how to delve into your destiny by creating your own magical runes using stones and twigs. Learn the 24 Elder Futhark runic symbols so you can craft and cast your own!

RUNE 1: FEHU - CATTLE, MOVABLE WEALTH (SUCH AS MONEY, POSSESSIONS)

STRENGTHS, SYMBOL UPPERMOST: PROSPERITY, ESPECIALLY THROUGH YOUR OWN ENDEAVORS, FINANCIAL SECURITY, SUCCESSFUL PROPERTY NEGOTIATIONS, THE REDUCTION OF FINANCIAL PROBLEMS, UNEXPECTED GOOD LUCK.

Challenges, Blank side: The price that must be paid for change or happiness.

The basic meaning of Fehu is wealth, especially in the sense of money or assets built up through hard work and used when needed. Cattle were a mobile asset as the Vikings took them with them in the longboats to the new lands. But the old Norse Rune Poem warns that (Greed for) money causes strife among kinsfolk and so we should not be obsessed with making or holding on to money at the price of happiness.

What Fehu means in a reading

THIS IS A GOOD TIME FOR ANY SPECULATION OR MONEY-MAKING SCHEMES, ESPECIALLY INVOLVING VENTURES FURTHER FROM HOME (INCLUDING THE INTERNET) AND AN IMPROVEMENT IN ANY MONEY WORRIES.

The blank side, says we need to balance financial or worldly security loss against peace of mind and freedom to live our own way. Not an easy decision, but future joy may be worth the price, actual and emotional. If this change is not immediately possible try to build up financial stability so you can move on when the time is right.

[pic]Rune 2: Uruz - The Aurochs or huge Wild Oxen

STRENGTHS, SYMBOL UPPERMOST: STRENGTH, COURAGE, OVERCOMING ALL OBSTACLES, SUCCESSFUL BUSINESS RISKS AND SPECULATION, IMPROVING HEALTH, A SUDDEN BREAKTHROUGH WHEN ALL SEEMS HOPELESS.

Challenges, Blank side: Facing huge odds against you, being pressurised down a road you don’t want to follow.

THE AUROCH WAS A HUGE WILD, VERY FIERCE OX, WHOSE HORNS WERE, ACCORDING TO MYTH, WORN ON THE VIKING HELMETS, ENGRAVED WITH THE URUZ RUNE TO TRANSFER BY ASSOCIATIVE MAGIC THE STRENGTH OF THE AUROCH TO WARRIORS.

The Norse and Icelandic Rune Poems talk of refinement by suffering using the images of iron, telling us even the most seemingly insurmountable obstacles can be overcome through determination, strength and endurance. The image appears of sun breaking through mist. Sometimes we should push forward with no guarantees of success in blind faith.

What Uruz means in a reading

Uruz refers to people or situations that block our way forward, either at work or home. Sometimes, however, the obstacles are within us, fear of failing or of not being clever or worthy enough to try. Whether inner or outer resistance, seize your courage and if necessary be more persistent or assertive than usual – remember those charging herds.

The blank side tells us we may be putting up obstacles without realising it, because we don’t want to do things we feel we ought to or are told are good for us. Ask yourself if you are being pressurised for changes you don’t want. Your choice, your call.

[pic]Rune 3: Thurisaz

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Passion, protection, overcoming challenges and hostility or bullying, potency, successfully challenging an outmoded or corrupt status quo.

Challenges, Blank side: Secrecy and unresolved conflicts, over-protectiveness, fear of showing your true self and taking a chance.

THIS IS THE RUNE OF THE THORN AND IS ASSOCIATED BOTH WITH THE THORN AS A PROTECTIVE TREE AND WITH THOR, THE GOD OF THUNDER.

In the Norse and Icelandic Poems, Thurisaz is associated with the Thurs, the Frost Giants against whom Thor sought to protect Asgard, realm of the Gods, with his magical hammer. Thor's hammer also acted as a sacred symbol at marriages, births and funerals.

The Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem relates how the thorn is sharp to the grasp. But it offers protection to the vulnerable flower or fruit on a tree or bush and so, like Thor’s hammer, can keep away those that would do us harm.

When Thurisaz appears in a reading

Thurisaz says we should deal with each irritation and injustice as it comes, calmly and firmly rather than allowing bullies to remain unchallenged or letting resentment fester until we respond in a totally inappropriate way or turn our unexpressed anger in on ourselves.

Beware also of hidden spite and barbs towards you which may be expressed in the blank side of the rune. But also, if the blank appears do not be afraid of showing your true self and risking rejection, especially if you have been hurt in love. So too should we avoid over-protectiveness of loved ones because we fear unnecessarily for their physical safety or emotional well-being.

[pic]Rune 4: Ansuz - Odin, a God, Mouth, “Voice of the Universe”

STRENGTHS, SYMBOL UPPERMOST: INSPIRATION, CONTINUING OR REVIVING GOOD LUCK, PASSING TESTS AND EXAMINATIONS OR INTERVIEWS, FOR ALL LITERARY AND ARTISTIC VENTURES, AND A CHANCE TO TAKE THE LEAD/PROMOTION.

Challenges, Blank side: Autocracy, inflexibility, dishonesty, giving mixed messages.

Ansuz is called the Father Rune, the rune of Odin, the All-Father and so of growing authority and embracing leadership or launching major dreams and ambitions. As the rune of the mouth, Ansuz favors clear communication on every level, by saying calmly but firmly what you truly need and feel in personal relationships and negotiating good work conditions.

Indeed, the Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem says that the mouth is the origin of every speech and the mainstay of wisdom. This is a warning indeed to watch our words and consider their effect before speaking critically or angrily and to test the truth of what is being said or written.

When Ansuz appears in a reading

An excellent rune for the self-employed or those contemplating a self-employed business venture, especially concerning creative projects

Go for that big break, that promotion or launch your creative ventures when the time is favorable.

If there are conflicts at work or home, reasoned dialogue and persuasion are the way forward, not unconsidered action or uncontrolled emotions to settle misunderstandings.

Indeed, the blank side warns we may be stuck in an old dialogue unresolved in the past. We may not be hearing what others, especially loved ones, are really saying, because we are being sidetracked by the old put-downs and rejections in our head.

[pic]Rune 5: Raidho - Riding, The Sun Wheel and the Wheel on the Wagon

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Successful journeys, travel, relocation, taking the initiative, seizing an opportunity.

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: WAITING FOR THE IDEAL MOMENT TO ACT WHICH MAY NEVER COME, INNER RESTLESSNESS LEADING TO UNWISE CHANGE IN THE OUTER WORLD FOR ITS OWN SAKE.

OPPORTUNITIES ARE AT HAND THAT MAY MEAN LEAVING YOUR COMFORT ZONE BUT WHICH ULTIMATELY OFFER FUTURE SUCCESS AND FULFILMENT.

The old Rune Poems contrast the ease of the ancient warriors in their halls, talking about old victories and battles with the cold world outside where action is needed. We must do what we want now rather than talking about if only and one of these days, whether the move is an inner shift, a major job change, relocation or visiting where you have always wanted to go. Reach out for what you most want - now.

When Raidho appears in a reading

When Raidho appears, we can’t sit around waiting for the sun to shine and happiness or fortune to fall into our hands, but must seize an opportunity that may involve effort and uncertainty. We can chart our own course and decide our destiny. Travel and career opportunities, relocation and house moves will bring advantage, but there is the need to maybe take the harder, longer but more rewarding path. If things are bad, this is a promise of better times coming.

Others may not approve of changes we need to make, so leave negative people and situations behind.

The blank side says we may, with the best intentions, be living the dreams of others (many a parent has forced a child onto an unsuitable path as a way of fulfilling his or her own unsatisfied desires). But if you are discontent be sure the change is outer circumstances and not a problem within that you will take with you.

[pic]Rune 6: Kenaz - the Torch

STRENGTHS, SYMBOL UPPERMOST: LISTENING TO OUR INNER VOICE, CREATIVITY AND INSPIRATION FOR NEW SOLUTIONS TO OLD PROBLEMS, THE CONCEPTION OF A CHILD (ESPECIALLY AFTER DIFFICULTIES).

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: UNWELCOME INTRUSION, IGNORING OUR INTUITION, ACCEPTING SECOND BEST IN LIFE AND LOVE, UNWISE ROMANTIC AND SEXUAL LIAISONS.

KENAZ IS ONE OF THE FIRE RUNES, REPRESENTING THE FIRE THAT LIT THE GREAT HALLS AS WELL AS MORE HUMBLE ABODES.

Kenaz is that inner flame we all possess and once kindled we can access the inspiration within that leads us to fulfil our inner potential and follow our dreams. All the fire runes talk of the kindling of love and passion for life and for expressing our unique qualities in whatever way we choose.

When Kenaz appears in a reading

Kenaz says that if you are deciding between two options, or the way is not clear, then, by thinking outside the boxes, a third unconsidered way ahead will suddenly appear.

Listen to your inner voice and intuition as it is your greatest guide to the intentions of others, and when it is trying to tell us about what we really want and feel. You will find that if you dismiss doubts you get a chance to fulfil a long-awaited dream.

Twin soul love may be around or, if you have it, a renewal of passion if things have become mundane. Kenaz also promises the resolution to a long-standing problem that will come suddenly.

Its blank side warns against accepting second best in life or love. What we regret is what we never tried. However, avoid unwise temptation in love if you have a good, even if temporarily dull, relationship; try to revive what you have.

[pic]Rune 7: Gebo, the gift

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Joy in relationships, especially concerning fidelity or commitment issues, marriage, generosity, all matters relating to fair exchanges, including contracts, an unexpected blessing or bonus in your life, a birth in the family.

Challenges, Blank side: Meanness, lack of commitment in others, giving too much to those who are not worthy, especially in love or to family members.

GEBO IS THE RUNE OF GENEROSITY, NOT ONLY IN MATERIAL TERMS BUT IN TIME AND RESOURCES, SHARING INFORMATION AND SUCCESSFUL GROUP PROJECTS OR FAMILY ENTERPRISES. IT IS THE RUNE OF EMOTIONAL AND SEXUAL COMMITMENT, HAPPY MARRIAGE, FIDELITY AND GROWING JOY IN EXISTING RELATIONSHIPS, HAPPY FAMILY GATHERINGS AND CELEBRATIONS, SEEKING AND RECEIVING MUTUAL RESPECT IN ALL OUR INTERACTIONS AND THE GROWTH OF TRUST. A LUCKY TIME FOR RECEIVING UNEXPECTED FINANCIAL BONUSES, REBATES, GIFTS AND INHERITANCES FOR HAPPY REASONS.

When Gebo appears in a reading

If you are naturally generous, Gebo reminds us this may be a time to ask for help from others if you are feeling overburdened.

When the blank side appears, you may love and give too much and be taken for granted, especially with family, friends and colleagues who expect you to do more than your share or constantly ask for money or help and never repay. Are you unconsciously allowing or encouraging others to take indiscriminately from you to feel wanted? How can you nurture yourself, especially if you constantly fall for partners who let you down or use and then abuse or abandon you?

[pic] Rune 8: Wunjo, joy

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Personal happiness, joy, developing personal interests, seeking recognition of your worth by others, drawing boundaries around yourself if others seek to take over your life, independence, happy solo holidays.

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: TRYING TO PLEASE EVERYONE, LETTING OTHERS PUT YOU DOWN, CONVERSELY SELFISHNESS.

WUNJO REPRESENTS HAPPINESS THROUGH DEVELOPING SELF-CONFIDENCE AND SELF-ESTEEM AND THROUGH ONE’S OWN EFFORTS RATHER THAN THROUGH OTHERS, ESTABLISHING THE SEPARATE UNIQUE SELF EVEN IF YOU ARE IN A HAPPY RELATIONSHIP.

Although this rune appears only in the Anglo-Saxon Poem, the poem speaks of one who knows few or a little of troubles. The second translation makes more sense, suggesting that those who have experienced hardships, know the importance of taking everyday self-generated happiness as it comes.

When Wunjo appears in a reading

Ask what would make you happy and fulfilled now rather than focusing on making others happy or expecting life or other people to provide bounties or make us happy.

For only by being happy in ourselves can we give happiness to others. Take up new interests and drop those that have become obligations, develop your unique gifts and make your working life more as you want it. Rewards and dividends for past investments and hard work will be manifest within six months of the reading. Like Ansuz, this rune indicates successful self-employment or working independently within an organisation.

If the blank side appears, your identity may have become blurred. Maybe you want to move on in your life and spend more time alone, whether on a solo holiday or more permanently. Is the fear of being alone preventing you from seeking what you want? If you are trying to please everyone and acting as referee in family, workplace or social quarrels, step back.

[pic]Hagalaz, Hail, the Ice Seed

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Temporary disruption or unwelcome change that brings positive transformation, short term difficulty for long term gain.

Challenges, Blank side: Alienation from others, isolation, suffering through allowing others to oppress us.

Hagalaz is an ice rune and Ice is the fifth element in the Norse cosmology, the others being Earth, Air, Water and Fire. The cosmic ice seed fused with fire to bring about creation.

In the Rune Poems the hail is called white grains, reminiscent of the harvest and, though sharp to the touch, melts to release water necessary for life and growth to the land.

Therefore, Hagalaz does not predict disaster but says that a crisis, disruption or setback you have experienced, or which is in your life now, if used dynamically to move to another stage of life or different approach, can enable our lives to grow in a new more fruitful direction.

When Hagalaz appears in a reading

We may need to cause disruption to stand out against an unfair or unsatisfactory situation. Equally, if we flow with fate that pushes us outside our comfort zone, within a few months or even weeks, positive rewards will result. This is a good time to quit a bad habit or overcome a fear or phobia.

The blank side indicates we may be suffering petty spite or unfair criticism, either at work or in our relationship. Refuse to accept second best treatment. You know you are worth more, so use the logic of the air, hail’s transporter, to cut through any opposition and backbiting.

[pic]Naudhiz, the festival fire, our needs

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: A cause for celebration, self-reliance, success through our own efforts, acknowledging and meeting our own needs, the kindling of passion, developing love in a difficult situation.

Challenges, Blank side: Meeting the needs of others at the expense of our own, co-dependency, over-possessiveness by others.

Naudhiz, a Fire rune, represents the wooden spindle that generates the festival fire by friction. These ceremonial fires were kindled at seasonal change points. Naudhiz represents therefore our personal needs and desires and so is a rune of independence. Naudhiz is also associated with love magic.

When Naudhiz appears in a reading

There may be something you need to do that perhaps has got pushed aside, but right now there is no helping hand, so get on with making it happen yourself. An excellent omen for all independent ventures and solo business initiatives, especially where there is a lot of hard work involved in the initial launch.

The blank side of the rune indicates over reliance on others or over-involvement in the lives of family or friends. It also warns a love you cannot reveal needs you to demand more or risk all, if the flame is not to go out.

[pic]Isa, Ice

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: The need to proceed slowly forward, reconciliation in love or family, wise caution and using any unavoidable delays or slow progress in preparation.

Challenges, Blank side: Feeling totally stuck in a situation or relationship, being unfairly cast in the role of scapegoat for family or marital failings.

Isa is the rune of Ice and like Hagalaz refers to the fifth element in the Norse tradition.

The Rune Poems talk of the coldness and beauty of Isa. The Norse Poem sees it as a bridge between dimensions that needs to be negotiated with care by those who are perhaps blinded by the fear of going forward. However, it must be crossed before the ice melts and the chance goes.

When Isa appears in a reading

Whether we have frozen ourselves into inactivity or circumstance prevents us from moving forward, this is a good time to begin any negotiations, make reconciliation attempts with difficult or stubborn people and taking the first steps towards future change. Good for beginning to study for a new career.

If the blank side is uppermost, examine what or who is holding you back. Perhaps the time for change is not right or you are uncertain of the right move. In this case, it may be better to wait and let the ice melt in its own time. But don’t accept unwarranted guilt for others’ stubbornness or negativity.

[pic]Jera, the harvest

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: The good results of earlier input and effort, fertility in every way including the conception of a child, a bonus or deserved reward or promotion.

Challenges, Blank side: Refusing to learn from old mistakes and to move on from what is clearly not going to work (people who love the wrong person and take them back again and again).

Jera is the rune of fruitful year, the good harvest from seeds well planted and cared for and the Rune Poems talk of Heaven's King or Frey, God of Fertility and the Harvest, allowing the fields to blossom forth as abundance for all. But of course, that involves earthly input, developing, nurturing and persevering with longer-term plans, rather than expecting instant return.

When Jera appears in a reading

Jera talks about publicly launching talents you have practiced and refined. It also represents deserved promotion and recognition of material efforts, receiving money owed, success in legal matters, fertility and good fortune.

Jera is also a reminder that there is a right time for everything, action, waiting, beginning a new venture and for moving on to the next phase.

The blank side of this rune indicates the need for a realistic assessment if you are wasting your life on someone who constantly abuses your good nature or who will never totally commit to you. If we do not learn from each stage the great cyclical wheel becomes a treadmill with a repetition of the same mistakes.

If your relationships or jobs tend to end up with the same scenario, it may be important to ask yourself why and see if you need to change your responses or expectations.

If you don’t like this symbol though it existed many hundreds of years with a positive meaning before the Nazis adopted it and you are making your own rune set, substitute the Anglo-Saxon Ger which has precisely the same meaning.

[pic]

[pic]Eihwaz, the Yew Tree

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Loyalty in love and friendship, the value of what is enduring, beginnings after endings, utilising the resources you currently have rather than wasting time on regrets.

Challenges, Blank side: Avoiding throwing away what is of worth because of temporary excitement or a too good to be true offer (it probably is).

Because the yew is the longest-living tree, it was adopted by the Northern peoples as a symbol of longevity, tradition and eternal life and is called in the Norse Rune Poem the greenest wood in the winter, as an evergreen promising even in the dead season of winter there is life and hope.

For this reason, the rune is also in the Icelandic Poem associated with the bow, made from yew wood, as a symbol of new life from old, reshaping what is existing and can be salvaged, based on what is of worth especially in relationships or career, even if not ideal or as planned.

When Eihwaz appears in a reading

Like the Death card in the Tarot this rune never foretells death, either of ourselves or others, but a sometimes unwelcome and inevitable ending to a situation or life phase. A new world is waiting, but it cannot appear until you have finished the old business, said goodbye either physically or emotionally and allowed yourself to mourn.

Value and give extra input to loyal friends, family and partners. Any long-term study or training is favoured. Listen to the advice of older people or experts.

If the blank side appears, do not be tempted by a quick fix or exciting new friends, or even a flirtation if your relationship is in a dull patch. If you are grieving, allow yourself to express your negative emotions rather than bottling them up. Let go of the old voices in your head.

[pic]Perthro, the Gambling Cup

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Unexpected good luck because of taking a chance, the re-emergence of the real essential person you are inside, what really matters to you, standing up for your beliefs.

Challenges, Blank side: Leaving everything to chance, believing you can’t change a situation and so not trying; excessive risk taking and speculation.

Perthro is the rune of the lot or rune cup, in which the ancient warriors tested their luck. The old Rune Poems talk of play and laughter in the beer hall for gambling and rune casting were sometimes one and the same and a joyous process. Testing their luck, which warriors did in both gambling and run-casting, reflected the will of the deities whether for battle, exploration or more personal decisions, but at the same time the gambler or diviner was expected to take appropriate action to maximise good fortune or avoid any potential pitfalls. In doing so they discovered the strength of their real root self with both strengths and weaknesses, vices and virtues.

When Perthro appears in a reading

You will discover secret or unknown information that will be of great advantage. Value your real essential self and stick to your principles rather than trying to fit into the expectations of others, whatever the pressures or incentive to do otherwise. Take a chance as it is a lucky time. Try an interest or develop a talent you have always wanted to try but did not dare.

If the blank side is uppermost, maybe you’re taking one too many chances on Lady Luck delivering, especially financially. If fate has recently dealt you a bad hand, the way you act or react can make all the difference, but don’t accept the blame for others’ inadequacies which you may find offloaded on to you.

[pic]Elhaz or Algiz, the Elk or Eel-grass

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Facing difficulties head-on and so resolving them, altruism, rising high through achievement and battling to fulfil a dream; good employment prospects, especially after a period of unemployment or threats to livelihood.

Challenges, Blank side: Seeking an easy fix to problems or denying their existence, taking the route of least resistance, not seeing beyond the immediate situation.

Elhaz is a multi-meaning rune

The Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem, the only one to mention this rune, interprets the rune as eel-grass, found on marshes, that grimly wounds … any man who tries to grasp it. This sharp grass represents the nettle that is hard to grasp but, once it has been seized, was traditionally useful for thatching, kindling for the fire and bedding for animals.

The rune shape is also taken as the antlers of an elk, another translation, which can be used in attack or defense and it indicates also resources that are available to act powerfully and altruistically.

Above all it speaks of the higher spiritual self and the need to develop one’s spiritual nature while at the same time living within the world.

When Elhaz appears in a reading

Seize opportunities or make a decision, even if difficult or painful, as this will clear the way for a very good future, whether freedom from limitations or a new life path. Alternatively, it may appear when you are contemplating studying healing or spiritual, therapeutic arts or downsizing to a more meaningful simple lifestyle rather than the pressures of the fast track.

When the blank side appears, you need to acknowledge any pressing problems will not go away, so denying their existence is just storing up future trouble.

[pic]Sowilo, the Sun

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Self-confidence, health, happiness, travel, success in your chosen field, especially where you are following a strong career structure, fame and fortune.

Challenges, Blank side: Over-emphasis on achievement in the world’s terms, physical, emotional or spiritual burnout.

This is the third fire rune, after Kenaz and Naudhiz. It is the rune of the sun or the sun-wheel destroying the winter ice, making crops grow and guiding seafarers. In the Norse world, where the sun was so precious, this is the most auspicious of runes in any aspect of life. It is seen in the Old Norse Rune Poem as light of the lands while the Icelandic Poem talks of the sun as the life-long destroyer of ice and the hope and guide of seafarers, indeed of all who believe in themselves and seek adventure. Above all it signifies the emergence of our own personal sun, our potential fulfilment and happiness.

When Sowilo appears in a reading

The year ahead will be very successful and fortunate; good for the fulfilment of any major ambitions and projects, for travel and for long-lasting prosperity, also fame and fortune, should you be pursuing any of the performing, creative or literary arts. Believe in yourself.

If the blank side of the rune appears, then maybe you are working too hard and feel the quality of your life or relationships are suffering. Step back from the fast track for a time and do nothing, take a restful vacation or spend time in nature.

In the next chapter, we will explore the final set or Aett, the Aett of Tiwaz, the noble warrior god of justice.

[pic]Tiwaz, the Pole Star, a guiding star

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Justice, altruism, following a worthwhile path regardless of difficulties, truth revealed, making realistic dreams come true, long distance and long-term travel.

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: UNREALISTIC DREAMS AND ILLUSIONS, UNNECESSARY SELF-SACRIFICE, ESPECIALLY THROUGH MARTYRDOM TO LOVED ONES, LOSING FAITH IN LIFE AND SELF, DEPRESSION.

Tyr or the God Tiw is the Norse god who presided over all matters of justice.

In the Norse and Icelandic Poems Tiw is called the one-handed god, referring to the sacrifice he made of his most precious gift, his sword hand to bind Fenris Wolf. The poems talk of keeping faith over the night's dark. Tiw fought as well with his silver arm and was not afraid to fight for what was of value and right. The rune says we can win through by perseverance and by never losing faith in our principles. The rune also signifies the fulfilment of a hidden talent or creative gift that can become a second or new career.

When Tiwaz appears in a reading

This is favourable for all public performances, competitions and success in the performing arts and also augurs well for travel, especially independently, or a new lifestyle involving travel. Good for matters of justice, especially where opposition is great or corrupt, and recovery from illness, also for taking a salary cut or downsize to fulfil a long-term dream. If you have temporarily had to put life on hold because a loved one needs you, you will be more than repaid for this short-term sacrifice.

The blank side of the rune may appear if you are making unnecessary sacrifices for those who can look after themselves or if you are not prepared to compromise and accept what is possible right now, even if not ideal. If you are suffering from others’ lies, the truth will come out.

[pic]Berkano, the Mother Goddess, the birch tree

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Renewal, healing, physical or spiritual regeneration, fertility and mothering in all aspects.

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: UNWILLINGNESS TO ACCEPT NEW FAMILY MEMBERS, INFLUENCING FAMILY MEMBERS THROUGH GUILT, DEALING WITH CLIQUES AT WORK AND IN FRIENDSHIP, CONSTANTLY STARTING OVER AGAIN RATHER THAN PERSEVERING WHEN THINGS GET HARD.

BERKANO IS ASSOCIATED WITH BERCHTA, A NORSE EARTH GODDESS WHO CARES FOR MOTHERS AND CHILDREN, ESPECIALLY ABANDONED ONES AND WITH THE ORIGINAL NORDIC EARTH MOTHER, NERTHUS.

ITS SECONDARY MEANING IS THE BIRCH TREE, THE FIRST TREE TO RECOLONIZE THE LAND AFTER THE RETREAT OF THE LAST ICE AGE. ACCORDING TO THE OLD NORSE RUNE POEM, THE BIRCH PUTS FORTH SHOOTS WITHOUT SEEDING AND SO IS ASSOCIATED WITH REBIRTH AND STARTING AGAIN, ESPECIALLY UNDER DIFFICULTY AND LATER IN LIFE.

WHEN BERKANO APPEARS IN A READING

A time for new beginnings or revival of what was thought lost. An excellent omen for fertility, pregnancy and motherhood at all ages and stages and for starting up business initiatives or new creative projects, particularly by older people or a new career upon retirement. A happy family time and welcoming new members, especially through remarriage.

Relationships may be a central issue at the moment, and you may be either starting again or trying to revive the magic in a long-term relationship. People need you right now to offer sympathy and tender loving care.

When the blank side appears, you may need to act as peacemaker between warring family members or colleagues and to accept people for what they are, not what you would like them to be. If you are suffering from family members manipulating you through obligation or playing favorites or suffering from cliques at work, time to step back and refuse to enter power games you can’t win.

[pic]Ehwaz, the horse

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Harmonious relationships, getting the right balance between inner and outer demands or the different aspects of life, all negotiations and joint ventures, the widening of horizons, house moves, or relocation, another travel rune, especially with others.

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: ALLOWING SOMEONE LESS WISE OR WEAKER TO DICTATE THE COURSE OF EVENTS, DISHARMONY BETWEEN PARTNERS, RESTLESSNESS AND CONSTANTLY SEEKING NEW PLACES, PEOPLE AND SITUATIONS.

A SACRED ANIMAL TO THE VIKINGS, ESPECIALLY THE HORSE THAT CARRIED ITS RIDER INTO BATTLE. THE HORSE IS A SYMBOL OF PERFECT TRUST AND HARMONY WITH ANOTHER PERSON OR WITHIN THE SELF. THE RUNE, MENTIONED ONLY IN THE ANGLO-SAXON RUNE POEM, EMPHASISES THE JOY A HORSE BRINGS TO HIS RIDER AND HOW IT CAN MAKE HIM FEEL LIKE A PRINCE OR AETHLING (HIGH-RANKING PERSON).

When Ehwaz appears in a reading

Ehwaz indicates the swift resolution of a matter or the need for a fast response, heralds travel and working holidays, especially one to fulfil a dream or an out-of-the-blue chance to which you should say yes, Good for negotiating business partnerships, for the restoration of harmony in a relationship or family and the resolution of power struggles or bullying through negotiation or official means.

If the blank side appears, time to take a step back from acting as peacemaker in other people’s conflicts and accepting that you can't do everything and please everyone and concentrating on your own priorities.

[pic]Mannaz

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Acceptance of the weaknesses and strengths of self and others, equality at work and in relationships, learning new skills, striving for perfection, all matters of structured learning, study and dealings with officialdom.

CHALLENGES, BLANK SIDE: BEING OVER-CRITICAL AND EXPECTING IMPOSSIBLE STANDARDS OF SELF AND OTHERS, PROBLEMS WITH AGEISM, SEXISM, RELIGIOUS AND RACIAL INTOLERANCE, FIGHTING AGAINST CYNICAL OR CORRUPT AUTHORITY.

Mannaz, the rune of the Man and Woman, is the rune of our strengths and weaknesses and finding a meaningful lifestyle. The first man and woman were formed by Odin and his brothers Vili and Ve from an ash and an elm tree and their descendants repopulated the new world after the destruction of the old.

The Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem talks of the mortality of mankind and of man in his gladness being loved by his kinsfolk and yet ultimately being divided from them in death. Mannaz represents our potential to reach spiritual enlightenment within the limitations imposed by circumstances and says we should value our relationships but ultimately accept we are our separate selves and can’t totally live through others.

When Mannaz appears in a reading

Maximize your strengths and abilities and do not deny but acknowledge your innate weaknesses and do not blame others for them or expect them to compensate. Any inequality or unfairness will be overcome if you keep pushing away, whether a glass ceiling at work or being discriminated against, albeit subtly, because we or loved ones are in some way different; a new skill you need to learn will become easier. It may also be the moment to claim credit for your knowledge and hard work.

If the blank side is uppermost, accept you are not Superman or Superwoman and you may need to hand responsibilities over if you are doing more than your share, or ask for advice or even help. You may find someone you loved or looked up to has flaws and lets you down, but this may not be a reason to abandon the relationship or situation, rather see what can be mended and how trust can be restored.

Laguz, Water, the Sea

[pic]Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Taking a chance for great happiness beyond the comfort zone without guarantees of success, major life changes, following the flow of Life and unexpected opportunity, trusting unconscious wisdom and intuition, taking a step into the unknown, adventure holidays or a job involving a lot of travel, psychic powers, imaginative ventures, following your heart not your head.

Challenges, Blank side: Giving way to over-sentimentality, falling for or using emotional blackmail, changeability according to mood, sacrificing all for lust or irresponsible love affairs.

This rune represents according to the old Rune Poems the longships the Vikings travelled in to distant lands including America, described as the oak steeds or oak horses, facing hazards of churning water and the brine stallion that does not heed its bridle.

To the Vikings water was a frightening yet exciting concept because sea journeys could be hazardous, but could lead to great conquests and discovery of new lands. Water never goes backwards and always finds a way round obstacles. It does take courage to follow the unexpected opportunity or the hazardous option but it can be exciting and often the way to true happiness. So, it is ultimately a rune of taking a chance and following your heart rather than logic.

When Laguz appears in a reading

You may be contemplating a total lifestyle change or to launch a major venture, though the time and circumstances may not be quite when you wanted. You may have to leave behind certainty to reach your dream. Trust your intuition to guide you, improvising and adapting as you go, for this time may never come again and what we regret most is what we never tried. It may be time to try something totally out of what other people see as your character or to speak the truth that comes from your heart and to take a chance emotionally, especially if you have been hurt in the past.

If the blank side appears, others may try to use, if not emotional blackmail, pressure to appeal to your sentiments. Check with your gut feeling before committing yourself to an irrevocable situation or making promises you may regret. Avoid throwing away love and trust for what seems irresistible temptation. Beware of emotional vampires who drain your resources and your energies.

[pic]Ingwaz, Fertility, the Fertility God

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Initiating creative ventures that will succeed within six to twelve months, taking the conventional route to success even if slow, the promise of better days ahead, fertility, especially for men, meaningful relationships and love and sex magick.

Challenges, Blank side: Impatience for instant success or results that may sabotage previous efforts, stagnation in relationships or career, questions about whether to start a family.

Ing or Freyr, the Norse fertility God and consort of Nerthus or Berkano, the Mother Goddess, drove his wagon over the fields, as described in the Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem, after the winter to release the fertility of the soil, animals and people as part of the sacred marriage ceremony with Nerthus and then withdrew to allow the seeds to germinate and grow. He was also protective god of the hearth and home.

When Ingwaz appears in a reading

Launch a venture or initiate communication, but be prepared to wait for a response or results, as patience will pay dividends, A good rune if you want a baby, especially if the male in the relationship is having fertility issues. Take the conventional route whether in study, legally, financially or following a slow but sure career path.

If the blank side appears, your life may be stagnating. Take yourself off for a few days to allow ideas to germinate about the changes you would like, but these will need to be initiated step by step if they are to be lasting and not just a quick fix. There may be underlying worries about starting or adding to a family, especially if there are children from previous relationships or one partner does not want or cannot have children. Compromise and sensitivity can resolve the matter.

[pic]Othala, the homestead

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: Good for all property matters, improvements in financial and emotional stability, a happy time for home and family and pets, improving health and happiness for older family members, possible additions to the family through remarriage.

Challenges, Blank side: Financial resources draining away, perhaps due to unreasonable demands by the family, concerns over elderly family members and their care and of children of any age who may be experiencing or causing problems.

Othala, the homestead represents the practical organization of our home life. In the Rune Poems, Othala is said to be beloved of every human but this domestic contentment is linked with a good harvest, that is material comfort. Though the Norse people were great wanderers, nevertheless, the homestead was important to them and establishing the new homestead, with the blessings of the land guardians in the new land, was a priority.

When Othala appears in a reading

A good time for property deals, for buying and selling homes, for working from home and spending quality time with home and family or close friends. House renovations or building a home are favoured.

If the blank side appears, a need to economize at home and not allowing family members or friends to use you as a bottomless bank. You may feel resentment that others in the home are not helping practically. Get tough if the people who are living with you, especially adult children, are causing stress.

Othala is sometimes placed as the final rune, but it seems to make more sense that Dagaz, the Awakening, should be the last rune.

[pic]Dagaz, the dawning of the day, the awakening

Strengths, Symbol uppermost: The light at the end of the tunnel, new beginnings, believing in yourself even when others doubt you, a sudden opportunity to shine or succeed.

Challenges, Blank side: Living for the future and not making the most of the present, undue pessimism about life, hanging on to past sorrows.

Dagaz, whose name means Day, was the radiant son of Nott, the Goddess of Night. Each dawn, Dagaz rode his shimmering chariot, drawn by his white steed, Skin-faxi (shining mane), bringing in the dawn. The Anglo-Saxon Rune Poem, the only one to describe Dagaz, refers to it as the Lord’s messenger, reflecting an attempt by scribes to Christianize the Rune Poems. But whether it is the light of God of Dawn or the Christian deity who offers enlightenment, the light of Dagaz is seen as shining on rich and poor alike, offering them hope.

Dagaz is a very exciting, positive rune, whether it refers to improving health for you or a loved one, a new career opportunity, especially after job loss, bankruptcy or redundancy or a sudden revival in love or good luck.

When Dagaz appears in a reading

Dagaz heralds light at the end of the tunnel for life will get better, if you just keep going and have faith in yourself. Learning new skills, retraining, study opportunities or a new career are favoured; a better situation concerning a young person. A good sign for overcoming addictions, debt, fears and phobias or depression, finding a new friend or love who will change your life, joy in pregnancy and through children and amazing good fortune ahead.

If the blank side appears then it may suggest you are continually waiting for a better tomorrow or worrying too much about past failures or rejections and future hazards and not making the most of what is on offer now. If your trust has been shattered, reach out to those who are there for you rather than shutting yourself away.

The Blank Rune

To the three sets of Aetts we have learned, we will add a final rune – the blank – on which nothing is drawn on either side of the rune stone or stave. Casting the blank rune can bring to the forefront a key issue or major life transition when you may want time to consider all the options before acting. It can also indicate an unexpected element or opportunity. This Blank rune is called the Rune of Odin, the Father God of Prophecy or the Rune of Wyrd (the Fate stone), the future you can decide and shape.

When the blank appears in a reading

You cannot rely on traditional answers, nor the advice of others, and the right course may represent a leap into the unknown. You are at a crossroads to the future still to be explored and chosen by you.

Cassandra Eason is an expert on the paranormal, folklore, crystals and the magical realms, having published over 95 books worldwide. She is the author of A Little Bit of Runes: An Introduction to Norse Divination (Sterling Publishing, ). It is available from amazon.co.uk for £8.99. To learn more about Cassandra, visit

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