APHG UNIT 7: Urbanization



Unit OverviewThe course divides urban geography into two subfields. The first is the study of systems of cities, focusing on where cities are located and why they are there. This involves an examination of such topics as the current and historical distribution of cities; the political, economic, and cultural functions of cities; reasons for differential growth among cities; and types of transportation and communication linkages among cities. Theories of settlement geography, such as Christaller’s central place theory and the rank-size rule are introduced. Quantitative information on such topics as population growth, migration, zones of influence, and employment is used to analyze changes in the urban hierarchy. The second subfield focuses on the form, internal structure, and landscapes of cities and emphasizes what cities are like as places in which to live and work. Students are introduced to such topics as the analysis of patterns of urban land use, ethnic segregation, types of inter-city transportation, architectural traditions (e.g., neoclassical, modern, postmodern), cycles of uneven development, and environmental justice (e.g., the disproportionate location of polluting industries in low-income or minority residential areas). Students’ understanding of cities as places is enhanced by both quantitative data from the census and qualitative information from narrative accounts. Students also study models of internal city structure and development in the United States and Canada (e.g., the Burgess concentric zone model, the Hoyt sector model, the Harris–Ullman multiple nuclei model, and the galactic city model) and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these theories. Topics such as economic systems, housing finance, culture, architectural history, and innovations in transportation can be useful in the analysis of spatial patterns of urban landscapes. Although much of the literature in urban geography focuses on the cities of North America, comparative urbanization is an increasingly important topic. The study of European, North African and Middle Eastern, East and South Asian, Latin American, and sub-Saharan African cities serves to illustrate how differing economic systems and cultural values can lead to variations in the spatial structures and urban landscapes. Students also examine current trends in urban development that are affecting urban places, such as the emergence of edge cities, new urbanism, smart growth, and the gentrification of neighborhoods. In addition, students evaluate sustainable urban planning design initiatives and community actions, such as the bikeways and walkable mixed-use commercial and residential developments that reduce energy use and protect the environments of future cities.Key Concepts/StandardsDevelopment and character of cities (origins, urban transportation development, world cities, megacities, suburbanization processes)Models of urban hierarchies (Central Place Theory, Rank-size Rule, Primate Cities)Models of internal city structure ( Burgess Concentric Zone Model, Hoyt Sector Model, Harris and Ullman Multiple Nuclei Model, Models of cities in Latin America, Middle East, Sub-Saharan Africa, East Asia, South Asia and EuropeUrban planning and designEdge CitiesContemporary Urban Issues (housing, discrimination, uneven development, disamenity, gentrificiation, brownfields, homelessness)Essential QuestionsWhat determines the range for a particular service?Does range impact development?What makes a good city?What defines an urban settlement?What is the difference between ghettoization and gentrification? How are the outcomes of the two similar?Which regions of the world are the most urbanized? Least urbanized?Formative AssessmentsLab Activity: Central Place Theory and Cobb CountySummative AssessmentsGroup FRQ-Urban Design (Test Grade)Unit 7 VocabularyUnit 7 Test (MCQs Only)Unit 7 Vocabulary Alpha World CityBasic industryBazaarBeta World CityBid-rent TheoryBlockbustingBoomburbCentral Business DistrictCentral Place (Theory)Commuter zoneConcentric Zone Model (Burgess)CounterurbanizationDendritic patternEdge citiesFavelasFiscal squeezeGamma World CityGateway cityGentrificationGreenbeltsGrid-street systemHamletHigh-tech corridorsHinterlandInformal sectorInvasion and successionMegacityMegalopolisMetrolpolisMultiple Nuclei Model (Harris and Ullman)Non-basic industryOverurbanizationPrimate cityRangeRank-size RuleRedliningSector Model (Hoyt)SegregationSmart growthSquatter settlements (barriadas)SuburbSuburbanizationThresholdTownUrban sprawlVillageWhite flightWorld CityZone in transitionWeekly Agenda (Unit 7 and for the rest of the course)Monday, May 2Tuesday, May 3Wednesday, May 4Thursday, May 5Friday, May 6Activities:1) Lecture: Central Place Theory 2) Web Activity Introduction: Cobb County and Central Place Theory3) Rank Size Rule for STATE4) Return PapersActivities: 1) Turn in Cobb Co./Central Place2) STATE Group: Cities (Best vs. Worst)3) Group Discussion: What is a city? What makes a good city? Bad city?4) Group Completion: Rank Size Rule for STATE 5) STATE Phase VIII (FRQ): Elements for City Models and Things to Consider6) STATE Phase VIII (FRQ) Urban Design Rough DraftActivities:1) FRQ: Group Megacity/Urban Design-attendance required (BEGIN FINAL DRAFT)Homework:5) Unit 7 Vocabulary6) Complete Web Activity: Central Place Theory and Cobb County7) SLO Preparation-use Barron’s8) STATE PortfolioHomework: 7) Unit 7 Vocabulary8) Urban Design Rough Draft9) STATE PortfolioHomework: 2) Unit 7 Vocabulary3) STATE PortfolioDifferentiation:Support-reviewExtension-reviewDifferentiation:Support-reviewExtension-reviewDifferentiation: ContentProcessProductAssessment:Formative reviewAssessment:Formative ReviewAssessment: Summative-FRQWeekly AgendaMonday, May 9Tuesday, May 10Wednesday, May 11Thursday, May 12Friday, May 13Activities: 1) FRQ: Group Megacity/Urban Design-attendance required (FINISH FINAL DRAFT2) Group Discussion : Ghettoization vs. Gentrification3) FRQ Analysis Packet4) STATE Phase IX: Problems with Urban Models5) STATE Round 7 and 8 Fates1) Boomburb Analysis2) Unit 7 Test3) AP Human Geography Exam Information and Review1) APHG Exam Review1) APHG Exam Review1) AP Human Geography ExamHarrison HS Gym 8AM-12PMHomework:6) STATE Portfolio7) Observe Latin American City Model, Asian City Model, African City Model, European City Model-Blog8) Observe The Peripheral and Suburban Model-Blog9) Complete FRQ Analysis Packet10) Case Study: Inner-city Crimes and Guns11) Unit 7 Test PrepHomework:4) Prep for APHG Exam5) STATE PortfolioHomework:2) Prep for APHG Exam3) STATE PortfolioHomework:2) Prep for APHG Exam3) STATE PortfolioHomework: 2) STATE PortfolioDifferentiation:ContentProcess ProductAssessment:Summative-FRQWeekly AgendaMonday, May 16Tuesday, May 17Wednesday, May 18Thursday, May 19Friday, May 20Activities:1) Present Urban Models 2) STATE Portfolio Work-Lab3) AP Exam DebriefingActivities: 1) Present Urban Models 2) STATE Portfolio Work-Lab3) Final Exam Review PacketActivities: 1) Present Urban Models2) STATE Portfolio Work-labActivities: 1) Complete the STATE Game STATE BATTLE ROYALEOR WORK ON PORTFOLIOActivities: STATE Portfolio Work-labSTATE Portfolio dueFinal Exam PrepHomework: 4) STATE PortfolioHomework:4) STATE Portfolio5) Final Exam PrepHomework: 3) Final Exam Prep4) STATE PortfolioHomework:2) STATE Portfolio3) Final Exam PrepHomework: 4) Final Exam PrepDifferentiation: Differentiation:Differentiation: Differentiation:Differentiation:Assessment: Assessment:Assessment: Assessment: Assessment:Weekly AgendaMonday, May 23Tuesday, May 24Wednesday, May 25Thursday, May 26Friday, May 27Activities:1) Final Exam PrepPizza or Breakfast for STATE BR Winners!!!Activities: 1) Final Exam (1,2)Activities: 1) Final Exam (3,4)Activities: 1) ReviewHomework: 2) Work on STATE Portfolio3) Final Exam PrepHomework:Final Exam Prep (?) OR ENJOY YOUR SUMMER!!!Homework: ENJOY YOUR SUMMER!!!Homework: Differentiation: Differentiation:Differentiation:Differentiation:Assessment: Formative-review in STATE PortfolioAssessment:Assessment: Assessment:Summative-Final Exam ................
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