JS Geography External Examination Specimen papers, grade 9 Mark scheme 2018
[Pages:11]JS Geography External Examination Specimen papers, grade 9 Mark scheme
2018
1
PAPER 1
CLIMATOLOGY
1 (a) (i) Sunshine recorder/Campbell strokes
[1]
(ii) Open area, clear of building and tress
Where there is enough sunlight
[1]
(iii) Air pressure/atmospheric pressure
[1]
(iv) It shows rain/fair weather/stormy weather/dry weather
It shows a unit measure in millibars/hpa
[1]
(b) (i) Isotherms
[1]
(ii) The temperature is highest at Equator/Temperature lower at south
or north of the equator/Lower temperature north/south of Tropics
It decrease from the Equator to the North (of Africa)
It decrease from equator to South of Africa
Temperature fairly equal over land and sea in the North
Temperature makes a large dip towards the South
It increases from north or south of the equator
Data: -26 ?C at Equator/ 15 ?C at North / South
[2]
(c) (i) East Wind/Easterly wind
[1]
(ii) a decrease in atmospheric pressure
An increase in air temperature/Hot temperature
About 1?C for every 100m descent increase in air temperature
Very strong wind will be experienced
[2]
(d) (i) Are lines on the map connecting places of equal/same air pressure/ Lines connecting places with same/equal air pressure on the map [1]
(ii) Cold dense air/cold air/cold heavy air
Clear sky/no cloud cover/sunny
No rainfall
Cold nigh/frost
Winds are light
[2]
(iii) Warm air
Air rises
Reaches Dew Point Temperature
Condensation takes place/water droplets form
Clouds form
[2]
2
ECOLOGY
2 (a) (i) Refers to when an area/land is turned into a desert/expansion
of a desert
[1]
(ii) Overgrazing
Marginal land/cultivated
[2]
(iii) Increased demand for firewood/increase demand for wood/
Infrastructure/housing/natural resources res. 1
Deforestation
Fewer trees and plants
Increased evaporation from the soil
Increased demand for food on marginal land with overgrazing
Fewer trees and plants
Increased evaporation from the soil
Quality of soil decreased
[3]
(iv) Sustainable farming methods encouraged.i.e. mixed cropping/ Crop rotation/organic farming/rotational grazing Trees should be planted faster than they are cut down/reforestation/ Afforestation/plant more trees Alternative energy sources, such as solar energy/HEP Encourage alternative building materials Education + supportive explanation Recycle + reuse + supportive explanation
(b) (i) Air pollution
(ii) Industries Motorcars/vehicles/traffic Power stations
(iii) Causes acid rain Contaminate water sources Disturb the ecosystem (ecological balance) poisoning fish Contaminate/damage lake water/fish Affects soil chemistry Acidification of ground water supply Damage trees Contaminate lakes
3
GEOMORPHOLOGY
3 (a) (i) A Divergent/ constructive plate boundary
B Shear/ conservative plate boundary/slip/transform/neutral
C Converging/destructive plate boundary
[3]
(ii) Subduction zone=Destructive boundary (C) converging
Fault= Conservative boundary (B)
Ridge= Constructive boundary (A)/ Diverging
[3]
(b) (i) Focus
[1]
(ii) Seismograph
[1]
(c) - Kills people
- Causes injures/ breathing problem + explanation
- Damage buildings and property of people/ people left homeless/
- Without basic amenities
- Highway and bridges collapse/transport routes damage communication
- Essential services disrupted
- People lose their income
- People lose their jobs
- Decaying bodies causes diseases
[3]
(d) (i) Weathering - Processes whereby rocks on the surface of the earth
are broken down into situ/without movement
[1]
Erosion
- Processes whereby weathered rock is broken down
And moved from place of origin to another area/
With Movement
[1]
(ii) Running water/flowing/wind/moving ice/removal of glacier
[1]
(iii) Water, sunshine, salt, minerals, heat/temperature
[1]
[15]
4
POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
4 (a) (i) The number of people per square kilometer (km?).
Number of people per given area
Number of population per square kilometer
[1]
(ii) A Amazon rainforest
High humidity
Too hot
Too much rain
Too many tropical diseases
[2]
(iii) B Himalayas/ Himalayas mountains Too mountains/too cold Too dry Thin/rocky soils Difficult to develop because of slopes Too cold
Or
Gobi desert
Extreme temperature
Infertile soil
Difficult to develop
[2]
(iv) X- East Coast of North America/East of North America
Y- Indian Sub-continent / India/ South Asia
[2]
(v) Developed communication
Many industries/ more jobs
Many services
Economic development/ many businesses
Commercial farming
[1]
(b) Increased birth rate/ higher birth rate
Improved farming methods/availability of food supplies
Better/improved health conditions/standards
Reduced infant mortality rates
Greater life expectancy /decreased death rate/lower death rate
Better machines/ technology
Improved communication links
Improved trade links
Political stability
[4]
5
(c) Unemployment increased/poverty
Lower salaries
Land too small/ unproductive land e.g. desert
Natural disasters e.g. drought and floods
Limited facilities entertainment and recreation e.g. sportsfield
Low/ no food security/poor food supply
Lower standard of living
Closing of services / services unproductive to keep open
Limited education opportunities open/ no tertiary education
Few/ limited medical services
[3]
[15]
5 (a) (i) Birth rate- Number of babies born per thousand people in a year [1]
(ii) Religious that forbids birth control
Children needed to work on land/care for elders
Big family determines your social standing/tradition
High birth rate
Polygamy/ traditional
Early marriage
Limited education on family planning/birth control
Limited use of family planning
[2]
(iii) Limited medical health care/services
Many diseases prone areas
Poor food supplies/poor diet
Limited water supply
High infant mortality rate
Poor water quality
War
Natural disasters
Poor sanitation
[2]
(b) (i) Advantages -
Less pressure on Government in providing
services to the youth
[1]
Disadvantage-
Workforce will be mostly affected/shortages
of workers
Fewer young people to support old age
Fewer new ideas or development in technology
advancement
Insufficient housing provision
Decline in economic growth
[1]
6
(c) (i) Relatively effective/successful/+ not successful +reasons
Worked well
Worked better in cities/rural areas not always reached
Not all are literate/ limited education
Traditional still play a role
Religion
[2]
(ii) Not really effective
Tradition still plays an important role
More effective in urban areas/less effective in rural areas
Men in urban areas while women stay in rural areas
[1]
[15]
7
ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY
6 (a) (i) Longitude line + 12?E and 25?E
[2]
(ii) Escarpment
[1]
(iii) B- Kavango River
C- Fish River
[2]
(iv) Botswana
[1]
(b) (i) A- Height above sea levels/Altitude
B- Latitude
[2]
(ii) The place closer to the sea experiences maritime climate/
Coastal-small range of temperature/moderate temperature
Places far away from the sea experience continental climate/
Inland-big range between summer and winter temperatures
Therefore places far away from the se have bigger annual
range of temperature than places closer to the sea.
[2]
[10]
7 (a) (i) Drought/ below average rainfall
Unreliable rainfall/lower rainfall
Infertile soil
Pests/ diseases/wild animals
Prices fluctuations / market prices
Unproductive land/ small holdings
Limited money available
Farmers not adequately skilled/education on farming
Limited technological development
Flood
[2]
(b) (i) Pelagic Fish/ pilchard/ anchovy/ horse markerel
[1]
(ii) The net lay out from a small boat to encircle a shoal of fish
The bottom of the net is then drawn together and the catch is
hauled into the big Trawler
The hole in the net must be of a prescribed size in order to allow
small fish to escape
Net suspended from the surface
Net is hauled on board
[2]
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