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World History EOY Review: Complete ALL Sections of Assignment Age of ExplorationSS.912.W.3.16Locate major civilizations of Mesoamerica and Andean South America.SS.912.W.3.17Describe the roles of people in the Maya, Inca, and Aztec societies.SS.912.W.4.11Summarize the causes that led to the Age of Exploration, and identify major voyages and sponsors.SS.912.W.4.12Evaluate the scope and impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas.SS.912.W.4.15Explain the origins, developments, and impact of the trans-Atlantic slave trade between West Africa and the Americas.Short Response: Research the answers to the questions, and answer in COMPLETE pare and contrast the economic, cultural, and political characteristics of the major civilizations of Mesoamerica and South America.What are the legacies of the early Mesoamerican and South American civilizations?3. What was the scope and impact of the Columbian Exchange on Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas?Multiple Choice: What was a significant result of European exploration through the Columbian Exchange?Europeans became dependent on crops from America.The bubonic plague spread throughout Europe.European diseases caused millions of deaths among American Indians.Raw materials from America became very expensive due to scarcity. 2. The European slave trade out of Africa arose and expanded whenEuropeans began to supply Muslim slave markets in the Middle East.Europe conquered the coasts of West Africa.Gold was discovered in Iberia, necessitating greater numbers of laborers.Sugar plantations were established on the Atlantic islands and in the Americas.Spain and Portugal launched their crusades against Muslim states in Africa.3. Slavery in the United States differed from slavery and the slave trade to the rest of the Americas in all of the following ways EXCEPT:The slave trade to the United States was abolished after 1807.The U. S. supported its need for slaves with domestic breeding and internal trade.American plantations grew cotton and tobacco instead of sugar.The total slave population in the United States grew. E. The death rate of slaves due to brutality was higher in the United States.4. Which statement describes a way that the Aztec and Maya civilizations differed??AThe Aztec religion focused on many gods, while the Maya religion centered on one god.BThe Aztec economy was heavily dependent on trade, while the Maya economy was dependent on farming.CThe Aztec?government?was centralized with one king, while the Mayas had city-states each led by a king.DThe Aztec society was based on a class system, while the Mayas had a society based on inhabitants' equality.5. Which impact did the Columbian Exchange have on global living?standards??AStandards improved through the growth of?industrialization.BStandards improved through the?expanded urban migration.CStandards improved through the?spread new technologies.DStandards improved through the spread new food crops.6. Which statement?best?describes the impact of Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition??AIt showed Europeans that Asia could be reached by going west across the Atlantic Ocean.BIt convinced Europeans that it was easier to reach the Pacific Ocean than it was to reach the Indian Ocean.CIt convinced Europeans that North America could be crossed by an all-water route along the Northwest Passage.DIt showed Europeans that sailing around the southern tip of South America was easier than sailing around the southern tip of Africa7. Look at the following map and answer the question below.Which letter on the map shows the location of the Mayan civilization??AABBCCDD8. Look at the following map and answer the question below.Based on this map,?what is?one reason Italian city-states rose?to power during the 14th and 15th centuries??AThey created a centralized trade network.BThey dominated trade in northern Europe.CThey dominated the Mediterranean trade routes.DThey created a centralized political union among themselves.9. Read the following summary and answer the question below.During the 14th-16th centuries, the Indian Ocean trade system thrived between the East African coast and India, Persia, and China. Gold, iron, and ivory were the principal exports from the interior of Africa, while spices, cotton, and silk were imported from Asia. Merchants from the interior of Africa and across the seas brought their wares to coastal cities such as Kilwa, Mogadishu, and Sofala.Imagine that you are the ruler of one of these coastal cities.?Which plan would?most likely?provide the opportunity for your city to gain immense wealth?AEstablish a lucrative center of trade and collect taxes from visiting merchants.BAssemble a massive army and confiscate trade goods from weaker reate a large merchant fleet and conduct business in overseas lands.DCollect a party of explorers and mine inland for precious materials.10. Read the information and answer the question below.African merchants had a desire to trade with Europeans.While Native Americans died of Old World diseases, Africans had immunity.Many West African kingdoms had a surplus of prisoners of war.Africans were accustomed to working in tropical conditions.Europeans had established sugar plantations in such places as the Caribbean and Brazil.??How did the factors on the list?most influence populations from the 15th?to the 19th?century?AThe population of Europe decreased due to large numbers of indentured servants leaving.BThe population of Africa increased as many kingdoms continued conquests.CThe population of Brazil decreased as slaves died in the middle passage.DThe population of the Americas increased due an influx of slaves.Age of Revolutions SS.912.W.4.10Identify the major contributions of individuals associated with the Scientific Revolution.SS.912.W.5.1Compare the causes and effects of the development of constitutional monarchy in England with those of the development of absolute monarchy in France, Spain, and RussiaSS.912.W.5.3Summarize the major ideas of Enlightenment philosophers.SS.912.W.5.4Evaluate the impact of Enlightenment ideals on the development of economic, political, and religious structures in the Western world.Short Response: Research the answers to the questions, and answer in COMPLETE sentences.How did the Enlightenment impact the development of economic, political, and religious structures in the Western World?2. What is absolutism and how is it different from a constitutional monarch?Multiple Choice: Which was an environmental impact of the process of early industrialization?The introduction of smallpox to American IndiansThe diffusion of new animal and plant species to Afro-EurasiaThe process of desertification in Africa and AsiaThe widespread deforestation in Europe and North America 2. How did Russia’s participation in World War I affect its empire? a. A string of decisive military victories gained land from the Central Powers.b. Russia’s sale of supplies to its western allies strengthened its economy.c. The czar adopted the reforms necessary to win the support of the Russian people.d. Economic hardships brought on by the war resulted in the downfall of the czar.3. The Russian Revolution was a long and bloody revolt. During the Revolution ___________ was ousted from his position of power, and later executed along with his family.a. Czar Nicholas IIb. Rasmussenc. Vladimir Lenind. Vladimir Putin4. Russian Involvement in _______________ sparked the revolt among its people, specifically the battle of _______________.a. WWII, Stalingradb. revolutions, Tannenburgc. WWI, Tannenburgd. WWI, Stalingrad5. Montesquieu identified three types of governments, what are they?a. republics, despotism, monarchiesc. republics, communism, democraciesc. republicans, democrats, independentsd. democracies, republicans, monarchies6. Prior to the French Revolution: the country was divided into 3 estates: they consisted of:a. clergy, nobility, peasantb. clergy, monarchs, peoplec. church, kings, peopled. clergy, church, monarchy7. The Scientific Revolution provides challenges for _____________.a. The Russiansb. The Frenchc. The churchd. The Enlightenment8. Is the view that persons' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract?or agreement among them to form the society in which they live. This describes…a. Roussos’ Social Contractb. Galileo’s Social Contractc. Copernicus’ Glory of Godd. Roussos’ Glory of God9. Study the diagram that follows and then answer the question below.This method was developed by which member of the Scientific Revolution??AJohannes KeplerBRene DescartesCFrancis BaconDIsaac Newton10. Which astronomer?first?developed the heliocentric theory of the universe during the Scientific Revolution??ATycho BraheBGalileo GalileiCJohannes KeplerDNicholas Copernicus10. Read the information in the box and answer the question below.In 1688, the Glorious Revolution took place in England. King James II fled to France when William and Mary marched with their armies towards London. The monarchy of England changed hands with little bloodshed. William and Mary accepted a Bill of Rights, protecting some of the basic rights of citizens, laying the groundwork for a constitutional monarchy.Leaders in other European nations were concerned with the events in England. In response to this change in government, monarchs like King Louis XIV in France and Russian czar Peter the Great began to make changes in their nations.?What is the?most likely?reason that monarchs in France and Russia instituted changes in their countries after the events of the Glorious Revolution???AThe monarchs in France and Russia feared for their lives and abdicated their thrones.BThe monarchs in France and Russia wanted to transition their countries to democratic republics.CThe monarchs in France and Russia feared that the Glorious Revolution would spread to their countries.DThe monarchs in France and Russia?observed the success of the Glorious Revolution and were eager to make similar changes.11. Which form of government did Thomas Hobbes think would?best?provide order and stability to society based on his view of human nature?Adirect democracyBabsolute monarchyCconstitutional monarchyDrepresentative democracyNew Global AgeSS.912.W.6.1Describe the agricultural and technological innovations that led to industrialization in Great Britain and its subsequent spread to continental Europe, the United States, and Japan.SS.912.W.6.2Summarize the social and economic effects of the Industrial RevolutionSS.912.W.6.3Compare the philosophies of capitalism, socialism, and communism as described by Adam Smith, Robert Owen, and Karl Marx.Short Response: Research the answers to the questions, and answer in COMPLETE pare and contrast the political ideals of capitalism, socialism, and communism.2. What were the social and economic reactions to the Industrial Revolution?Multiple Choice: 1. Which statement?best?explains why the use of coal as an energy source allowed England to create a rapidly industrialized nation??APeople could find employment near their homes.BSteam engines were less expensive than water power.CSteam engines were less dangerous than water power.DFactories could be built away from rapidly flowing rivers.2. Which statement?best?describes how the Industrial Revolution led to the rise of the middle class?ANew laws created high returns for investors.BIncreased productivity ensured higher wages for workers.CThe establishment of factories created many well-paying labor positions.DThe establishment of factories created many well-paying managerial positions.3. Which statement?best?compares the philosophies of capitalism and communism as described by Adam Smith and Karl Marx??ACapitalism maintains that competition is bad for consumers, while communism maintains that it creates an equal distribution of wealth.BCapitalism maintains that businesses take advantage of workers, while communism maintains that workers are paid according to their apitalism maintains that individuals should own property and the means of production, while communism maintains they should be owned by the government.DCapitalism maintains that the government should own land and intervene in the economy, while communism maintains the government should not interfere in the economy.World WarsSS.912.W.7.1Analyze the causes of World War I including the formation of European alliances and the roles of imperialism, nationalism, and militarism.SS.912.W.7.3Summarize significant effects of World War I.SS.912.W.7.5Describe the rise of authoritarian governments in the Soviet Union, Italy, Germany, and Spain, and analyze the policies and main ideas of Vladimir Lenin, Joseph Stalin, Benito Mussolini, Adolf Hitler, and Francisco Franco.SS.912.W.7.7Trace the causes and key events related to World War II.SS.912.W.7.8Explain the causes, events, and effects of the Holocaust (1933-1945) including its roots in the long tradition of anti-Semitism, 19th century ideas about race and nation, and Nazi dehumanization of the Jews and other victims.Short Response: Research the answers to the questions, and answer in COMPLETE sentences.How did the forces of imperialism, nationalism, and militarism contribute to World War I? How did the authoritarian governments in the USSR, Italy, and Germany gain power?What were the policies and main ideas of Stalin, Mussolini, and Hitler?What led to President Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan? Multiple Choice: Which of the following reasons created the spark that started World War I?European alliancesAmerican imperialismThe growth of military powerThe assassination of Archduke Franz FerdinandAmong President Wilson’s Fourteen Points was a proposal toDisarm all major powersForm a League of NationsCreate an alliance with GermanyMake Great Britain repay their war debts3. This cartoonist is referring to the way Germany was affected in 1919 bya. the Congress of Viennab. its defeat of Napoleonc. the Treaty of Versaillesd. its defeat in World War II4. In contrast to a democracy, which form of government uses the military to maintain power against the people’s consent?a. Monarchyb. Dictatorshipc. Theocracyd. Oligarchy5. Which event caused the US government to move from isolationism to a declaration of war in 1941?a. fall of Franceb. Battle of Britainc. Holocaustd. Attack on Pearl Harbor6. International Violence Before WWII-Japan invades Manchuria 1931-Italy invades Ethiopia 1935-Japan invades China 1937-Germany annexes Czechoslovakia 1939-Germany invades Poland 1939Using the information provided in the timeline above, which historical conclusion can be drawn about the cause of World War II? Military alliances created obligations to engage in wars.The Nazi Party dominated politics in many European nations.The United Nations was too weak to prevent the spread of totalitarianism.Some nations were aggressive and imperialistic in their efforts to expand.7. On 9 November 1938, a German-Jewish student, upset that his parents were not allowed to leave Germany, shot and killed a German immigration official in Paris. That night, Jews were attacked in Germany. The event is called Kristallnacht or “Night of Broken Glass.” Why?Hitler declared the start of the Final Solution.Upon hearing the news, Hitler threw a wine glass on the ground. It broke and Hitler demanded that all wine glasses owned by Jews be broken.The windows in all stores owned by Jews in Germany were broken and the stores ransacked.All eye-glasses belonging to Jews were broken8. The Nazi campaign to imprison inferior people included which of the following targets?a.Jews and Aryansb.only Jewsc.Jews, homosexuals, disabled people, Poles, Slavs, and Gypsiesd.all residents of Allied countries9. The “Final Solution”a. was carried out by a few hundred people.b. involved SS mobile killing units murdering Jews.c. included sending Jews to death camps.d. was like a large pogrom.e. b and cThe Cold WarSS.912.W.8.2Describe characteristics of the early Cold War.SS.912.W.8.5Identify the factors that led to the decline and fall of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe.SS.912.W.8.8Describe the rise and goals of nationalist leaders in the post-war era and the impact of their rule on their societies. Short Response: Research the answers to the questions, and answer in COMPLETE pare and contrast the positions United States and the Soviet Union positions regarding the post-war world?2. Why did the United States assume global responsibility for containing communismMultiple Choice: How do economic alliances, such as the European Union and the North Atlantic Free Trade Agreement, affect international affairs?They raise trade barriers between competing countries.They lower the sales tax on consumer goods.They allow countries to negotiate trade imbalances.They increase trade among member nations.The US assistance to the Greek and Turkish governments, the Berlin Airlift, and the Korean War are all examples of which US foreign policy doctrine? ContainmentDétenteImperialismReparations3. 20th Century International Developments-Berlin Blockade 1948-Cuban Missile Crisis 1962-Brezhnev Doctrine 1968How did the developments above affect international politics? They inspired the creation of the United Nations.They intensified Cold War conflicts and tensions.They started cooperation between the United States and the former Soviet Union.They represented a global preference for democratic values, institutions, and governments.4. The ideological basis of the Cold War was conflict between communism and a. monarchyb. socialismc. democracyd. fascism5. “Warsaw Pact Tanks Invade Budapest" "Wall Divides Berlin” “Liberal Czechoslovak Government Replaced” These historical newspaper headlines were related to?Mikhail Gorbachev’s introduction of the policy of Glasnost Adolf Hitler’s efforts to promote national socialism the Soviet Union’s acceptance of capitalism attempts by the Soviet Union to strengthen communist control 6. Which of the following contributed the MOST to the fall of the Soviet Union?a.President Nixon’s policy of détenteb.the collapse of a flawed economic systemc.the United States boycott of the 1980 Olympicsd.the destruction of the Berlin Wall20th CenturySS.912.W.8.6Explain the 20th century background for the establishment of the modern state of Israel in 1948 and the ongoing military and political conflicts between Israel and the Arab-Muslim world.SS.912.W.8.8Describe the rise and goals of nationalist leaders in the post-war era and the impact of their rule on their societies. Short Response: Research the answers to the questions, and answer in COMPLETE sentences.1. What was the British Mandate and how did it lead to the creation of the modern state of Israel?2. Explain the Camp David Accords. Multiple Choice:Which shared purpose explains the operations of the groups in the regions below?-Palestine Liberation Organization in Israel-Chechen rebels in Russia-Irish Republican Army in the United Kingdom-Tamil Tigers in Sri Lankaa. to create vast empires across Eurasiab. to destroy capitalist and democratic systemsc. to create independent nations under their authority.d. to control petroleum exports to Western nations2. Which method did Mohandas Gandhi advocate to achieve the goal of Indian Independence?a. nonviolent civil disobedienceb. violent public demonstrationsc. economic embargod. guerilla warfare3. The creation of the nation of Pakistan was the result ofa. religious conflicts within Indiab. a mandate by the United Nationsc. economic depression in Indiad. revolt against imperialist France4. “To him who wishes to follow me, I offer hardships, hunger, thirst and all the perils ofwar.” — Garibaldi?s MemoirsThis quotation from Garibaldi is most closely associated with Italianexplorationnationalismimperialismneutrality5. War in which Israel wins the territories of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and Sinai Peninsula (from Egypt) and Golan Heights (from Syria)?War of 1947Six-Day WarWar on TerrorFirst Intifada6. Peace agreement in which Israel agreed to return the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt in return for Egypt's recognition of Israel's right to exist and a guarantee of peace.?The Gza Genius AccordsFargo AccordsCamp David Accords.Summer Camp Accord ................
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